CN113361131A - Static mechanical parameter calculation method for primary structure coal - Google Patents

Static mechanical parameter calculation method for primary structure coal Download PDF

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CN113361131A
CN113361131A CN202110713962.1A CN202110713962A CN113361131A CN 113361131 A CN113361131 A CN 113361131A CN 202110713962 A CN202110713962 A CN 202110713962A CN 113361131 A CN113361131 A CN 113361131A
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杨兆彪
张争光
杨彦群
李国富
李庚�
周斌扬
耿殿英
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Abstract

A method for calculating static mechanical parameters of a primary structure coal adopts regression analysis, firstly carries out ultrasonic tests on the primary structure under the conditions of different confining pressures and different water saturation, and then calculates the dynamic mechanical parameters under different conditions. And then carrying out a triaxial mechanical test to obtain real static mechanical parameters. And (3) solving the mechanical parameters under the conditions of different confining pressures and water saturation by establishing a mechanical parameter relation equation of the dynamic-static primary structure coal under the same condition. The method has wide application range, can accurately explain the mechanical parameters of the coal reservoir, effectively guide the field production of the coal-bed gas well, and ensure that the result of well logging interpretation has higher accuracy; the method effectively solves the problem that the nature of the coal with the primary structure is different and difficult to analyze under the condition that the mining coal bed is positioned at different confining pressures and water saturation degrees due to complex underground conditions, and has an important guiding function for perfecting the research of the fracturing theory of the multi-coal bed.

Description

Static mechanical parameter calculation method for primary structure coal
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal petrography mechanical tests and well logging, and particularly relates to a static mechanical parameter calculation method for primary structure coal.
Background
China has rich coal bed gas resources, but the permeability of coal reservoirs is low, and the permeability of most reservoirs is lower than 1mD, so that the large-scale commercial development of the coal bed gas in China is severely restricted. The fracturing modification of the coal reservoir is a key engineering technology for improving the permeability of the coal reservoir. The mechanical parameters (elastic modulus and Poisson ratio) of the coal reservoir are important factors influencing the coal reservoir transformation effect, so that the accurate judgment of the mechanical parameters of the coal reservoir has important practical significance for predicting the coal reservoir transformation effect.
Due to the complexity under the underground condition and the characteristics of multiple, thin and weak rich water in coal beds in the Yunnan east Guixi area where multiple coal beds develop, the developed coal beds of the coal bed gas well are under geological conditions of different confining pressures and different water saturation degrees. Therefore, the method for calculating the mechanical parameters of the primary structure coal under the conditions of different confining pressures and different water saturation is established, and the method has an important guiding function for perfecting the research of the fracturing theory of the multi-coal seam.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the current application condition of a mechanical parameter interpretation model of a coal bed gas well is too single, the influence of water saturation on the physical properties of a reservoir is not considered, and the result accuracy of well logging interpretation is low, the invention establishes a static mechanical parameter calculation method of primary structure coal under the conditions of different confining pressures and different water saturations.
A static mechanical parameter calculation method for primary structure coal comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting primary structure coal and preparing a sample, drying the sample and recording the weight of the sample;
step 2, testing the longitudinal wave and transverse wave bases of the used instrument to eliminate errors;
step 3, testing and obtaining longitudinal wave and transverse wave values of the primary structure coal sample under different confining pressure conditions, and calculating to obtain corresponding dynamic mechanical parameters;
step 4, carrying out water saturation on the primary structure coal sample under different conditions, testing and obtaining longitudinal wave and transverse wave values under different conditions, and calculating to obtain corresponding dynamic mechanical parameters;
step 5, weighing, and determining the water saturation of the primary structure coal under different conditions;
step 6, drying the sample, and performing a triaxial mechanical test to obtain static mechanical parameters;
step 7, establishing a dynamic-static mechanical parameter relation equation of the primary structure coal according to the dynamic mechanical parameters and the static mechanical parameters obtained in the step;
and 8, solving the static mechanical parameters of the primary structure coal under the conditions of different confining pressures and different water saturations according to the dynamic-static mechanical parameter relation equation and the dynamic mechanical parameters established in the step 7.
Further, in step 1, a cylindrical sample with a length of 50mm and a diameter of 25mm is prepared from the coal sample, dried in a drying oven at a temperature of 65 ℃ for 12 hours, and then weighed to obtain an initial weight m0。
Further, in step 2, before testing the sample, the longitudinal wave and transverse wave substrates of the instrument are tested first, and when testing the sample in the subsequent step, the longitudinal wave and transverse wave substrates of the instrument are subtracted from the obtained sound wave time difference data to eliminate errors and obtain real data.
Further, in step 3, performing ultrasonic testing on the primary structure coal under the ambient pressure of 10MPa, 15MPa, 20MPa, 25MPa and 30MPa respectively, and then calculating dynamic mechanical parameters of the primary structure coal under different ambient pressure conditions according to equations (1) and (2), including elastic modulus and poisson ratio;
Figure BDA0003134054380000031
Figure BDA0003134054380000032
wherein E is the elastic modulus, MPa; rho is the density of coal rock, g/cm3；ΔtpAnd Δ tsRespectively longitudinal wave time difference, transverse wave time difference and mu s/m; u is the Poisson's ratio.
Further, in step 4, the sample is first subjected to natural water saturation for 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 hours, and the weight m after each saturation pressure is recorded1、m2、m3、m4、m5、m6Carrying out ultrasonic testing on the primary structure coal at different time periods; calculating dynamic mechanical parameters including elastic modulus and Poisson ratio of the primary structure coal under different saturated water conditions according to equations (1) and (2), then pressurizing the sample to 30MPa in vacuum for saturated water for 24h, and recording the weight mx。
Further, in step 5, the vacuum is added to 30MPa to carry out the primary structure coal serving as 100 percent saturated water under the state of saturated water for 24h, and the water saturation of the primary structure under other saturated conditions is calculated as follows:
Figure BDA0003134054380000033
wherein i is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; wiWater saturation,%, of the sample at a certain time period; m isiIs the weight of the sample in a certain time period, g.
Further, in step 6, the sample is placed in a drying oven for drying, the temperature is set to 65 ℃, and the time is 12 hours; and then, performing a mechanical test experiment under the confining pressure of 30MPa to obtain the static mechanical parameters of the sample, including the elastic modulus and the Poisson ratio.
Further, in step 7, combining step 3 and step 6, establishing a static mechanical parameter E of the primary structure coal at 30MPa30And U30And a dynamic mechanical parameter E of 30MPa30 *And U30 *And (4) a relational equation.
Figure BDA0003134054380000041
Figure BDA0003134054380000042
Wherein E is30Is the static elastic modulus, MPa, obtained in the mechanical test in step 6; u shape30Is the static poisson's ratio obtained in the mechanical test in the step 6; e30 *The confining pressure in the step 3 is 30MPa, and the dynamic elastic modulus is obtained in MPa; u shape30 *Is the dynamic Poisson's ratio obtained under the confining pressure of 30MPa in the step 3, wherein a, b, c and d are coefficients.
Compared with the prior art, the method has wider application range, can accurately explain the mechanical parameters of the coal reservoir, effectively guide the field production of the coal-bed gas well, and ensure that the result of well logging interpretation has higher accuracy; the method effectively solves the problem that the nature of the coal with the primary structure is different and difficult to analyze under the condition that the mining coal bed is positioned at different confining pressures and water saturation degrees due to complex underground conditions, and has an important guiding function for perfecting the research of the fracturing theory of the multi-coal bed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for calculating mechanical parameters of primary structure coal under different confining pressures and different water saturation conditions in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of ultrasonic testing in step 3 in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the dynamic modulus and the static modulus under a confining pressure of 30MPa in the example of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a dynamic-static Poisson's ratio relationship diagram under a confining pressure of 30MPa in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the drawings in the specification.
The invention adopts regression analysis, firstly carries out ultrasonic tests on the primary structure under the conditions of different confining pressures and different water saturation degrees, and then calculates dynamic mechanical parameters under different conditions. And then carrying out a triaxial mechanical test to obtain real static mechanical parameters. And (3) solving the mechanical parameters under the conditions of different confining pressures and water saturation by establishing a mechanical parameter relation equation of the dynamic-static primary structure coal under the same condition. The specific operation flow comprises the following 8 steps (fig. 1):
(1) the sample was dried. Firstly, preparing a coal sample into a cylinder with the length of 50mm and the diameter of 25mm, drying the cylinder in a drying oven at the temperature of 65 ℃ for 12 hours, and then weighing (m)0)。
(2) The longitudinal and transverse wave substrates of the instrument were tested. To obtain accurate acoustic moveout data, the longitudinal and transverse wave substrates of the instrument should be tested first before testing the sample. When a sample is tested, the real data is obtained by subtracting longitudinal wave and transverse wave substrates of the instrument from the obtained sound wave time difference data.
(3) Longitudinal wave and transverse wave values of the primary structure coal under different confining pressure conditions. The primary structure coal is subjected to ultrasonic testing under the surrounding pressures of 10MPa, 15MPa, 20MPa, 25MPa and 30MPa respectively. And then calculating the dynamic mechanical parameters (elastic modulus and Poisson ratio) of the primary structure coal under different confining pressure conditions according to the equations (1) and (2).
Figure BDA0003134054380000051
Figure BDA0003134054380000052
Wherein E is the elastic modulus, MPa; rho is the density of coal rock, g/cm3；ΔtpAnd Δ tsRespectively longitudinal wave time difference, transverse wave time difference and mu s/m; u is Poisson's ratio, generally 0.2 to 0.4.
The propagation speed of the elastic wave in the medium is related to the degree of compactness and the pressure environment. To measureDetermining the propagation speed of sound wave in rock sample, the present invention adopts cylindrical sample with ground end, coupling material is added between probe and sample, one end of the sample is used to transmit pulse signal to rock, the other end of the sample is used to receive the signal, and the elapsed time is the propagation time of longitudinal wave and transverse wave of rock (T)p、Ts) The principle diagram is shown in (figure 2). In the triaxial acoustic wave experiment, the propagation time of longitudinal waves and transverse waves in the rock is calculated according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003134054380000061
Figure BDA0003134054380000062
wherein, Tp’、Ts', longitudinal wave and transverse wave readings of the instrument during the test are respectively, in mus; t is0The zero reading of the instrument, i.e. the direct coupling of the transmitting and receiving probes is the time reading from the initial signal to the first arrival wave, in μ s; l is the length of the coal sample, m.
(4) The primary structure coal was subjected to water saturation under different conditions. The sample was first subjected to natural water saturation for 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3h, respectively, and the weight (m) after each saturation pressure was recorded1、m2、m3、m4、m5、m6) And carrying out ultrasonic testing on the primary structure coal at different time periods. According to the equations (1) and (2), the dynamic mechanical parameters (elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio) of the primary structure coal under different saturated water conditions are calculated. The sample was then subjected to vacuum pressurization to 30MPa for 24h of saturated water and the weight (m) was recordedx)。
(5) Weighing and determining the water saturation of the primary structure coal under different conditions. Adding the coal to 30MPa in vacuum to perform primary structure coal which is 100 percent of saturated water under the state of saturated water for 24h, wherein the water saturation calculation method of the primary structure under other saturated conditions is as follows:
Figure BDA0003134054380000063
wherein i is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; wiWater saturation,%, of the sample at a certain time period; m isiIs the weight of the sample in a certain time period, g.
(6) The samples were dried and subjected to a triaxial mechanical test. After the above test was completed, the sample was dried in a drying oven at 65 ℃ for 12 hours. And then, performing a mechanical test experiment under the confining pressure of 30MPa to obtain the static mechanical parameters (elastic modulus and Poisson ratio) of the sample.
(7) And establishing a dynamic-static mechanical parameter relation equation of the primary structure coal (figures 3 and 4). Combining the step (3) and the step (6), establishing the static mechanical parameter (E) of the primary structure coal at 30MPa30And U30) And a dynamic mechanical parameter (E) of 30MPa30 *And U30 *) And (4) a relational equation.
Figure BDA0003134054380000071
Figure BDA0003134054380000072
Wherein E is30Is the static elastic modulus, MPa, obtained in the mechanical test in step (6); u shape30The static Poisson's ratio obtained in the mechanical test in the step (6); e30 *The dynamic elastic modulus, MPa, is obtained under the confining pressure of 30MPa in the step (3); u shape30 *Is the dynamic Poisson's ratio obtained in the step (3) under the confining pressure of 30 MPa.
(8) And (4) solving the static mechanical parameters of the primary structure coal under the conditions of different confining pressures and different water saturation. And (4) according to the dynamic-static mechanical parameter relation equation and the dynamic mechanical parameters established in the step (7), the static mechanical parameters of the primary structure coal under the conditions of different confining pressures and different water saturation can be obtained.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art according to the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the present invention as set forth in the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A static mechanical parameter calculation method of primary structure coal is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting primary structure coal and preparing a sample, drying the sample and recording the weight of the sample;
step 2, testing the longitudinal wave and transverse wave bases of the used instrument to eliminate errors;
step 3, testing and obtaining longitudinal wave and transverse wave values of the primary structure coal sample under different confining pressure conditions, and calculating to obtain corresponding dynamic mechanical parameters;
step 4, carrying out water saturation on the primary structure coal sample under different conditions, testing and obtaining longitudinal wave and transverse wave values under different conditions, and calculating to obtain corresponding dynamic mechanical parameters;
step 5, weighing, and determining the water saturation of the primary structure coal under different conditions;
step 6, drying the sample, and performing a triaxial mechanical test to obtain static mechanical parameters;
step 7, establishing a dynamic-static mechanical parameter relation equation of the primary structure coal according to the dynamic mechanical parameters and the static mechanical parameters obtained in the step;
and 8, solving the static mechanical parameters of the primary structure coal under the conditions of different confining pressures and different water saturations according to the dynamic-static mechanical parameter relation equation and the dynamic mechanical parameters established in the step 7.
2. The method for calculating the static mechanical parameters of the primary structure coal according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 1, a coal sample is prepared into a cylindrical sample with the length of 50mm and the diameter of 25mm, the cylindrical sample is placed in a drying oven to be dried, the temperature is set to 65 ℃, the time is 12 hours, and then the cylindrical sample is weighed to obtain the initial weight m0。
3. The method for calculating the static mechanical parameters of the primary structure coal according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step 2, before testing the sample, the longitudinal wave and transverse wave substrates of the instrument are tested, and when the sample is tested in the subsequent step, the longitudinal wave and transverse wave substrates of the instrument are subtracted from the obtained sound wave time difference data to eliminate errors and obtain real data.
4. The method for calculating the static mechanical parameters of the primary structure coal according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step 3, respectively carrying out ultrasonic testing on the primary structure coal under the confining pressure of 10MPa, 15MPa, 20MPa, 25MPa and 30MPa, and then calculating dynamic mechanical parameters of the primary structure coal under different confining pressure conditions according to equations (1) and (2), wherein the dynamic mechanical parameters comprise elastic modulus and Poisson ratio;
Figure FDA0003134054370000021
Figure FDA0003134054370000022
wherein E is the elastic modulus, MPa; rho is the density of coal rock, g/cm3；ΔtpAnd Δ tsRespectively longitudinal wave time difference, transverse wave time difference and mu s/m; u is the Poisson's ratio.
5. The method for calculating the static mechanical parameters of the primary structure coal according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step 4, the sample is first subjected to water saturation under natural conditions for 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 hours, and the weight m after each saturation pressure is recorded1、m2、m3、m4、m5、m6Carrying out ultrasonic testing on the primary structure coal at different time periods; calculating the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of the primary structure coal under different saturated water conditions according to equations (1) and (2)Dynamic mechanical parameters, then pressurizing the sample to 30MPa in vacuum for 24h in saturated water, and recording the weight mx。
6. The method for calculating the static mechanical parameters of the primary structure coal according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 5, adding vacuum to 30MPa to perform primary structure coal serving as 100% saturated water in a saturated water state for 24 hours, wherein the water saturation calculation method of the primary structure under other saturated conditions is as follows:
Figure FDA0003134054370000031
wherein i is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; wiWater saturation,%, of the sample at a certain time period; m isiIs the weight of the sample in a certain time period, g.
7. The method for calculating the static mechanical parameters of the primary structure coal according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step 6, drying the sample in a drying oven at 65 ℃ for 12 hours; and then, performing a mechanical test experiment under the confining pressure of 30MPa to obtain the static mechanical parameters of the sample, including the elastic modulus and the Poisson ratio.
8. The method for calculating the static mechanical parameters of the primary structure coal according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step 7, combining the step 3 and the step 6, establishing a static mechanical parameter E of the primary structure coal at 30MPa30And U30And a dynamic mechanical parameter E of 30MPa30 *And U30 *And (4) a relational equation.
Figure FDA0003134054370000032
Figure FDA0003134054370000033
Wherein E is30Is the static elastic modulus, MPa, obtained in the mechanical test in step 6; u shape30Is the static poisson's ratio obtained in the mechanical test in the step 6; e30 *The confining pressure in the step 3 is 30MPa, and the dynamic elastic modulus is obtained in MPa; u shape30 *Is the dynamic Poisson's ratio obtained under the confining pressure of 30MPa in the step 3, wherein a, b, c and d are coefficients.
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