CN113360828A - Construction method and application of novel LWC large-scale carbon sedimentation calculation model - Google Patents
Construction method and application of novel LWC large-scale carbon sedimentation calculation model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a construction method and application of a novel LWC large-scale carbon sedimentation calculation model. The carbon sedimentation cumulant of the novel LWC of the simulation year is calculated by constructing the MFA and DMFA models, the technical problem of calculating the carbon sedimentation cumulant of the biochar concrete brick is solved, the carbon sedimentation cumulant of different novel LWCs and different simulation years can be obtained by using the calculation model constructed by the invention according to the actual operation requirement, and the method has guiding significance for monitoring the carbon emission environment and distributing the carbon emission quota.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon sedimentation, in particular to a construction method and application of a novel LWC large-scale carbon sedimentation calculation model.
Background
With the increasing concern for global warming and the future of human beings, carbon dioxide is considered to be the main cause of climate change. With the development of the technology, the carbon sedimentation technology is at present mature. To assist in the formation of natural carbon deposits, artificial techniques for removing carbon dioxide from the surrounding air, such as scrubbers and "artificial trees" have been established. However, these techniques are not mature enough due to problems with carbon leakage and the like.
Existing research has shown that organic crops have the potential to reduce CO2 emissions as an organic system in the soil. Biochar is a carbon-containing solid material which is produced by taking biomass as a raw material through various processes and is used for soil fertility enhancement, animal husbandry development and environmental protection through carbon sedimentation, energy recovery and other modes. Agricultural residues with high ash content are currently used in large quantities in the construction industry, in particular in concrete production. A method of using biochar with a high carbon ratio and a high ash content as Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) and concrete aggregates has been currently studied. Therefore, it is reasonable and feasible to explore more agricultural residues as SCMs or aggregates to improve concrete performance and mitigate climate change.
Carbon precipitation in construction concrete is of great concern because of its great potential for substantial carbon sequestration, but little research has been done on the potential carbon precipitation in construction. At present, the utilization of agricultural residual ash biomass (carbon) instead of building concrete has become a mature mode of agricultural byproduct management and green concrete production. However, only a few experiments (30-100 days) for short-term carbon emission can not predict carbon deposition for decades or even hundreds of years in the future, and a carbon deposition research means for large-scale building application of lightweight concrete bricks (LWC) added with carbon-rich crop residues is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a construction method and application of a novel LWC large-scale carbon settlement calculation model, and solves the problem that the carbon settlement accumulation amount of a lightweight concrete brick (LWC) for predicting carbon-rich crop residues in a large-scale building cannot be calculated in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the scheme of the invention is as follows:
the construction method and the application of the novel LWC large-scale carbon sedimentation calculation model comprise the following steps:
s1, obtaining and analyzing historical data and development patterns of global crop and concrete brick yield through existing literature data, and predicting future yield of the crops and concrete bricks;
s2, integrating the types and yield information of global crops, and determining the types of the modeled biomass by combining the mechanical strength characteristics of agricultural biomass cement;
s3, replacing or adding aggregates for the LWCs by using the biomass types determined in the step S2, and calculating the settling amount of the slow circulating carbon and the fast circulating carbon of the novel LWCs with unit density after replacement;
s4, after averaging the settling volumes of the slow circulating carbon and the fast circulating carbon of the novel LWC with the unit density obtained in the S3, determining the mass percentage of biomass replacement used in the construction of an MFA model, and calculating to obtain the settling volumes of the fast circulating carbon and the slow circulating carbon of the novel LWC in a single simulation year;
s5, calculating the annual average slow cycle carbon sedimentation amount/LWC yield, the annual average fast cycle carbon sedimentation amount/LWC yield and the predicted annual novel LWC carbon sedimentation accumulation amount according to the calculated sedimentation amounts of the novel LWC fast cycle carbon and the slow cycle carbon obtained in S4 by constructing a DMFA model;
the LWC is a lightweight concrete brick, and the novel LWC is formed by replacing or adding aggregates by using biomass; the LWC is a lightweight concrete brick, and the novel LWC is formed by replacing or adding aggregates by using biomass.
Further, the formula for calculating and predicting the yield increase gradient of the 2049-year global concrete brick in the step of S1 is as follows:
predicting the yield of the global concrete brick in the year, namely the yield of the interval initial year + the single digit of the year multiplied by gradient; the yield of the global crop in the year is predicted, i.e., the global crop growth rate x the total crop yield in the last year.
Carbon content (including slow-cycle carbon and fast-cycle carbon), which is commonly found in organisms and agriculture in the form of organic carbon, is an important component of the ecosystem.
Further, step S2, selecting wheat straw biomass LWC with the lowest mechanical strength and oil palm hull biomass LWC with the highest mechanical strength in the biomass lightweight cement as research objects.
Further, in step S3, aggregate replacement is performed on the LWC using the wheat straw biomass and the palm hull biomass, and then the settling amount of the fast and slow circulating carbon is calculated for the unit of the wheat straw biomass LWC and the unit of the palm hull biomass LWC.
Further, step S4, taking the average value of the settling amounts of the fast and slow circulating carbons of the wheat straw biomass LWC and the palm hull biomass LWC calculated in step S3 as a reference value for MFA research, and calculating the settling amounts of the fast circulating carbon and the slow circulating carbon of the novel LWC in a single simulation year.
Further, the step S5 shows the global carbon deposition accumulation amounts of the wheat straw biomass LWC and the palm hull biomass LWC for 2049 years, and the DMFA model includes the loss and elimination of LWC.
Further, in the present invention,
in step S5, the DMFA includes an average slow cycle and an average fast cycle, and the formula for calculating the ratio of the average carbon settling volume/LWC yield in the DMFA model is as follows:
the formula for calculating the carbon settling rate is:
further, the formula for calculating the slow-cycle carbon settling amount in step S3 is:
slow cycle carbon settling amount is WCM × CC × slow cycle carbon content + WSM × CC × slow cycle carbon content,
the formula for calculating the fast cycle carbon settling amount is as follows:
slow cycle carbon settling amount is WCM × CC × slow cycle carbon content + WSM × CC × slow cycle carbon content;
wherein WCM is the mass of conventional material (aggregate or sand in original cement); WSM is the mass of the substitute material (agricultural biomass) and CC is the carbon content of the corresponding material, i.e. the carbon content of the conventional material or the carbon content of the substitute material.
The invention also aims to provide a construction method of the novel LWC large-scale carbon sedimentation calculation model and application of the novel LWC large-scale carbon sedimentation calculation model, wherein the application is application in standard establishment for assisting carbon emission quota allocation.
Specifically, the construction method of the novel LWC large-scale carbon sedimentation calculation model and the application thereof in the standard establishment for assisting the carbon emission quota allocation in the cement industry are provided. At present, the national carbon allocation standard is adjusted by a national base number and a provincial level adjustment coefficient, the actual enterprise emission is controlled by the emission intensity, and the calculation model of the embodiment can better assist the enterprise to evaluate the actual emission intensity and further better participate in carbon trading.
The technical principle of the invention is as follows: predicting the yield of global crops and concrete bricks in the half life cycle of LWC by combining the data of the existing literature data, selecting wheat straw biomass LWC and oil palm hull biomass LWC as objects for constructing a model, and calculating the average settling amount of fast-cycle carbon and slow-cycle carbon of the objects; and then, combining the data of the existing literature data to construct an MFA model and a DMFA model to calculate the carbon sedimentation cumulant of the novel LWC in the simulation year.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the technical problem of calculating the carbon settling amount of the biochar concrete bricks is solved by constructing a novel LWC carbon settling static and dynamic material flow model, the carbon settling cumulant of different novel LWCs and different simulation years can be obtained by using the calculation model constructed by the invention according to actual operation requirements, and the model has guiding significance for carbon emission environment monitoring and carbon emission quota distribution.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows the production of global crops and concrete bricks in 2018 in 2000-.
FIG. 2 shows the selection of biomass species in example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a calculation of the settling amount of OPSC and RHC slow and fast cycle carbons for example 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph of the MFA model calculating new LWC slow cycle carbons and fast cycle carbons for a single simulation year, according to example 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a supplementary continuation of fig. 4 of the MFA model calculation of new LWC slow cycle carbons and fast cycle carbons for a single simulation year according to example 4 of the present invention, with the continuation direction continuing vertically downward.
FIG. 6 shows the cumulative amount of carbon deposition calculated by the DMFA model for the novel LWC according to example 5 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a supplementary continuation of the DMFA model calculating the carbon deposition accumulation amount of the new LWC of example 5 of the present invention in fig. 6, with the continuation direction continuing to the right in the lateral direction.
Fig. 8 is a supplementary continuation of fig. 7 of the DMFA model calculating the cumulative amount of carbon deposition for the novel LWC of example 5 of the present invention, with the continuation direction continuing to the right in the lateral direction.
Fig. 9 is a supplementary continuation of fig. 8 of the DMFA model calculating the cumulative amount of carbon deposition for the novel LWC of example 5 of the present invention, the continuation direction being continued to the right in the lateral direction.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
The data source is as follows: data on global crop yield and some major crop products are from the food and agricultural organization of the united nations (FAO, FAOSTAT, 6 months and 15 days 2020), and statistics on total global cement yield are based on the united states geological survey (USGS, USGS minerals yearbook).
Example 1 Global crop and concrete Block production
The global crop yield increased by about 35% between 2000 and 2018 (FAO, FAOSTAT 2000-.
And (3) prediction:
global concrete block production by 2049 years:
calculating to obtain the gradient value of the yield increase of the concrete bricks, obtaining estimated yields in 2030 years, 2040 years and 2050 through literature data, calculating the gradient value of the yield increase of the concrete bricks on the assumption that the yield per 10 years is averagely increased, and multiplying the annual yield by the gradient value, wherein the formula is as follows:
for example, to calculate the cement production of 2036 years, a growth gradient is obtained from (2040 years production-2030 years production)/10 years, and then the product of the growth gradient and the difference between 2036 and 2030 is added to the production of 2030.
TABLE 1 prediction of global crop and concrete brick yields
Example 2 determination of biomass species
According to literature data and historical statistical data of agricultural residues, the yield of rice bran, wheat and barley straws is ranked as the first three, the potential for novel LWC is the largest, the 28-day compressive strength of oil palm hull concrete (OPSC) and Rice Hull Concrete (RHC) is respectively 46Mpa and 0.3Mpa (figure 2), and because rice bran is not applied to the novel LWC at present, wheat biomass with the top yield is selected, and OPS and RH are selected as modeling objects.
Example 3 calculation of settling amounts of Slow-circulating carbon and fast-circulating carbon for New LWC after replacement
As shown in fig. 3: according to the existing literature, component data of LWC are obtained, including aggregate, water and sand, as well as carbon content and carbon sedimentation, and OPS is adopted to replace the aggregate component of LWC to different degrees (25%, 50% and 75%) to form novel LWC and calculate corresponding carbon content and carbon sedimentation (fast cycle carbon and slow cycle carbon). Since LWC is more than 99% slow cycle carbon, LWC is considered to have a fast cycle carbon of 0; RH is added into LWC aggregates in different degrees (67%, 89%, 110% and 200%) to form novel LWC, and corresponding carbon content and carbon sedimentation amount (fast cycle carbon and slow cycle carbon) are calculated; the formula for calculating the settling amount of the slow-cycle carbon is as follows:
slow cycle carbon settling amount ═ WCM × CC × slow cycle carbon content + WSM × CC × slow cycle carbon content
The formula for calculating the fast cycle carbon settling amount is as follows:
the settling amount of the fast circulating carbon is WCM multiplied by CC multiplied by the content of the fast circulating carbon + WSM multiplied by CC multiplied by the content of the fast circulating carbon;
wherein WCM is the mass of a conventional material; WSM is the mass of the substitute material and CC is the carbon content of the corresponding material.
Examples are: as shown in fig. 3, the aggregate is replaced with 25% OPS, the data of binder, water and sand are 339.5, 108.6 and 146, the carbon content of the conventional aggregate 1459.8 is 11.8%, the slow cycle carbon/total carbon content exceeds 99%, the carbon sedimentation amount is 1459.8 × 11.8% which is conventional aggregate × 172.2564, the carbon sedimentation amount after 25% replacement is 129.1982, the carbon content after replacement is 43.8%, the carbon content after slow cycle carbon/total carbon content% is 23.86%, the carbon sedimentation amount after replacement (slow) is 154.6 × 0.438 × 0.2386% which is mass of replacement aggregate × the carbon content after slow cycle carbon/total carbon content × 16.15675128, the carbon sedimentation amount after replacement is fast cycle carbon/total carbon content% 100-the slow cycle carbon/total carbon content% 76.14%, the carbon sedimentation amount (fast) is equal to the mass of the replaced aggregate multiplied by the slow cycle carbon/total carbon content percent-the carbon sedimentation amount (slow) after replacement is 154.6 multiplied by 0.438-16.15675128 is 51.55804872; thus, the final carbon settling amount for the slow cycle is 25% substituted carbon settling amount + the substituted carbon settling amount (slow) is 16.15675128+129.1982 is 145.3549513, and the carbon settling amount for the fast cycle is 51.55804872.
Example 4 construction of MFA model
As shown in fig. 4:
a. for the settling amounts of the fast-circulating carbon and the slow-circulating carbon of the novel LWC obtained in example 3, after averaging, the settling amount of the carbon after the OPS replacement is found to be close to the value of 50% replacement, and the settling amount of the carbon after the RH addition is found to be close to the value of 100% addition, so that the 50% replacement OPS and the 100% replacement RH are adopted for MFA analysis;
b. according to the mass balance equation, the total mass flow direction of cement is cement and concrete, the yield proportion of the cement and the concrete is known through literature data, and the concrete brick ratio in the concrete yield is obtained through the data of the concrete bricks
The data comes from monthly statistics of building materials and components released by the strategic business energy and industry departments, and in 2008, the calculation process is as follows: the surface area for the 2008 brick production was 18168000 square meters, the average thickness was 0.1 meters, the concrete production in 3,2008 years was 10071000 tons with an average density of 1300Kg/m, and the adjustment factor was 1/10 so using the above formula, the ratio was calculated to be about 0.023.
c. Assuming that all the bricks are LWC, and calculating the average yield of the lightweight concrete bricks by multiplying the ratio of the concrete bricks in the concrete yield by the concrete yield;
d. and multiplying the obtained average yield of the lightweight concrete bricks by the mass fraction of each component (cement, sand, water, conventional aggregate and average replacement aggregate) of the OPSC to obtain the mass of each component, and calculating slow cycle carbon and fast cycle carbon according to the following calculation formulas:
slow cycle carbon-regular aggregate × 0.118+ average replacement aggregate × 0.438 × 0.2386
Fast cycle carbon-average replacement aggregate × 0.438 × 0.7614;
e. similarly, according to the obtained average lightweight concrete brick yield multiplied by the proportion of each component (cement, water, conventional materials and average replacement aggregate) of the RHC to the mass of each component, the slow cycle carbon and the fast cycle carbon are calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:
slow cycle carbon ═ conventional material × 0.01+ average replacement aggregate × 0.4 × 0.4373
Fast cycle carbon-average replacement aggregate × 0.4 × 0.5627;
finally, the slow and fast cycle carbons for a single simulated year of OPSC and RHC were obtained by the above calculations.
Examples are: as shown in fig. 4 to 5, it is known from literature data that the ratio of the cement and concrete yields is 27% and 68%, and the total cement yield in 2000 is known as 160 according to example 1, so that the calculated cement and concrete yields are 43.2 and 108.8, respectively, the brick yield/concrete yield is 0.029 calculated from the formula of step b, and the average lightweight concrete brick yield is 3.1552 multiplied by the concrete yield × 0.029; the proportions of cement, sand, water, conventional aggregate and average replacement aggregate were calculated from the determined replacement or added replacement proportions of OPSC and RHC in combination with the replacement data of example 3, and the resulting ratio x average lightweight concrete block yield was given the corresponding content (e.g. ratio of cement 20.7% 339.5/(339.5+108.6+146+729.9+315.3) and cement content 3.1552 x 20.7% 0.65313), and the amount of slow cycle carbon and fast cycle carbon settling was calculated using the following equations:
slow cycle carbon-conventional aggregate × 0.118+ average replacement aggregate × 0.438 × 0.2386-0.22932
Fast cycle carbon is equal to average substituted aggregate x 0.438 x 0.7614 is equal to 0.20308;
the calculation of RHC gave slow and fast cycle carbon settling as OPSC.
Example 5 construction of DMFA model
As shown in fig. 6-9, dynamic MFA yields inventory and annual obsolete production by 2049 years compared to MFA, and the model takes into account the cumulative inflow, net flow and outflow over time before the end of the life. According to the existing literature data, the elimination rate of the LWC blocks is 2% in the eighth year of the service life, 5% in the 20 th year and accumulated to be 7%, 2% in the 28 th year and accumulated to be 9%, and 5% in the 35 th year and accumulated to be 14%. As shown in fig. 5: the inflow (LWC annual block yield x (1-scrap (11%)), the outflow (inflow-net), net (next year inventory-simulated year inventory), inventory as the initial year to simulated year inventory minus culling (as determined by survival); slow and fast cycle carbon for a single simulation year of OPSC and RHC from the MFA model constructed according to example 4 calculated the annual average slow cycle carbon/LWC yield, as:
analysis by the DMFA model showed that the total carbon deposition using the novel LWC was 15%, and there was great potential for using agricultural residues as carbon-rich materials in the novel LWC.
Examples are: as shown in fig. 6-9, the rejection rate was 0 in 2000, and therefore the survival rate was 100%, the annual LWC brick yield was known as 3.16 according to example 4, taking into account the cumulative inflow, net flow and outflow over time before the end of the service life; LWC block annual production rejection (11%), outflow-net, next year inventory-simulated year inventory, inventory from start year to simulated year minus reject (as determined by survival), inflow 3.16 × (1-11%) 2.81, outflow and net are 0 for start year, inventory 2.81, annual average slow cycle carbon/LWC production and average fast cycle carbon/LWC production are calculated from the following equations:
Example 6 model preliminary verification
To verify the reliability of the model, reference may be made to other calculation methods in other documents. The current incorporation or replacement of environmentally friendly materials as aggregates into cement is a popular method of cement greening in recent years, which includes fly ash, slag and aggregates recovered from construction waste and demolition waste (CDW). From the current results, the method for reducing greenhouse gases by using recycled materials has considerable advantages, and the reduction range is basically between 6 and 17 percent (C.K. Chau,2012) due to different selected aggregates (Jime nez LF, 2018). The method adopted in this example is based on the addition of environmentally friendly aggregates, so the calculated 15% carbon sedimentation results also correspond to the current research results, which also proves the reliability and repeatability of the model of the invention.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for constructing a novel LWC large-scale carbon sedimentation calculation model is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, obtaining and analyzing historical data and development patterns of global crop and concrete brick yield through existing literature data, and predicting future yield of the crops and concrete bricks;
s2, integrating the types and yield information of global crops, and determining the types of the modeled biomass by combining the mechanical strength characteristics of agricultural biomass cement;
s3, replacing or adding aggregates for the LWCs by using the biomass types determined in the step S2, and calculating the settling amount of the slow circulating carbon and the fast circulating carbon of the novel LWCs with unit density after replacement;
s4, after averaging the settling volumes of the slow circulating carbon and the fast circulating carbon of the novel LWC with the unit density obtained in the S3, determining the mass percentage of biomass replacement used in the construction of an MFA model, and calculating to obtain the settling volumes of the fast circulating carbon and the slow circulating carbon of the novel LWC in a single simulation year;
s5, calculating the annual average slow cycle carbon sedimentation amount/LWC yield, the annual average fast cycle carbon sedimentation amount/LWC yield and the predicted annual novel LWC carbon sedimentation accumulation amount according to the calculated sedimentation amounts of the novel LWC fast cycle carbon and the slow cycle carbon obtained in S4 by constructing a DMFA model;
the LWC is a lightweight concrete brick, and the novel LWC is formed by replacing or adding aggregates by using biomass.
2. The method for constructing the novel LWC large-scale carbon sequestration calculation model according to claim 1, wherein the formula for calculating and predicting 2049 years global concrete brick yield growth gradient in the step S1 is as follows:
predicting the yield of the global concrete brick in the year, namely the yield of the interval initial year + the single digit of the year multiplied by gradient; the yield of the global crop in the year is predicted, i.e., the global crop growth rate x the total crop yield in the last year.
3. The construction method of the novel LWC large-scale carbon sequestration calculation model according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step S2, wheat straw biomass LWC with lower mechanical strength and oil palm hull biomass LWC with higher mechanical strength in biomass lightweight cement are selected as research objects.
4. The method for constructing the novel LWC large-scale carbon sedimentation calculation model according to claim 3, wherein in step S4, the average value of the sedimentation amounts of the fast and slow circulating carbons of the wheat straw biomass LWC and the palm hull biomass LWC calculated in step S3 is used as a reference value for MFA research, and the sedimentation amounts of the fast circulating carbon and the slow circulating carbon of the novel LWC are calculated in a single simulation year.
5. The method for constructing the novel LWC large-scale carbon sedimentation calculation model according to claim 1, wherein the carbon sedimentation accumulation of wheat straw biomass LWC and palm hull biomass LWC is obtained in S5 for 2049 years, and the DMFA model includes LWC loss and elimination.
6. The method for constructing a novel LWC large-scale carbon deposition model as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S5, the DMFA model includes an average slow cycle and an average fast cycle, and the formula for calculating the ratio of average carbon deposition/LWC yield in the DMFA model is:
the formula for calculating the carbon settling rate is:
7. the method for constructing the novel LWC large-scale carbon sedimentation calculation model according to claim 3, wherein the formula for calculating the slow-cycle carbon sedimentation amount in step S3 is as follows:
the slow cycle carbon settling amount is WCM multiplied by CC multiplied by the slow cycle carbon content and WSM multiplied by CC multiplied by the slow cycle carbon content, and the formula for calculating the fast cycle carbon settling amount is as follows:
the settling amount of the fast circulating carbon is WCM multiplied by CC multiplied by the content of the fast circulating carbon + WSM multiplied by CC multiplied by the content of the fast circulating carbon;
wherein WCM is the mass of a conventional material; WSM is the mass of the substitute material and CC is the carbon content of the corresponding material.
8. The use of the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 for constructing a novel LWC large-scale carbon deposition modeling model to assist in the establishment of a standard for carbon emission quota allocation.
9. The application of the novel LWC large-scale carbon sequestration calculation model as claimed in claim 8, wherein the method for constructing the LWC large-scale carbon sequestration calculation model is applied to the establishment of standards for assisting the allocation of carbon emission quota in the cement industry.
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