CN113358982A - Motor control system, vehicle and driving unit insulation detection and processing method - Google Patents
Motor control system, vehicle and driving unit insulation detection and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113358982A CN113358982A CN202010140813.6A CN202010140813A CN113358982A CN 113358982 A CN113358982 A CN 113358982A CN 202010140813 A CN202010140813 A CN 202010140813A CN 113358982 A CN113358982 A CN 113358982A
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
Abstract
The invention discloses a motor control system, a vehicle and a drive unit insulation detection and processing method, wherein the motor control system comprises a drive unit, a detection unit and a main control unit, the drive unit comprises a drive chip, and the drive chip comprises a low-voltage side and a high-voltage side; the detection unit is respectively connected with the low-voltage side and the high-voltage side of the driving chip and is used for detecting the insulation state of the low-voltage side and the high-voltage side of the driving chip and feeding back insulation detection signals; and the main control unit is used for controlling the driving unit to enter a safe state when the insulation failure of the low-voltage side and the high-voltage side of the driving chip is determined according to the insulation detection signal. The motor control system, the vehicle and the method can detect the insulation state of the high-low voltage side of the driving chip, and control the driving unit to enter the safe state when the insulation fails, so that the control reliability and the safety of the motor are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a motor control system and a vehicle and driving unit insulation detection and processing method.
Background
At present, a motor control power part of an electric vehicle basically adopts an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) module, a driving part of the IGBT adopts a special driving chip, and the driving chip undertakes a high-low voltage conversion task, converts a motor control command sent by a Digital Signal Processing (DSP) from a lower voltage pulse Signal (generally 0-5V) into a higher voltage pulse Signal (generally +/-15V, -8V) enough to drive the IGBT, and undertakes a task of isolating a weak current low voltage side and a strong current high voltage side.
However, if the insulation of the isolation channel of the driver chip is problematic, the isolation will fail, and the function of the driver chip will be lost, resulting in damage to the driver part.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to provide a motor control system, which can detect the insulation of a driving chip, avoid damage caused by isolation failure, and improve the control safety of a motor.
A second object of the invention is to propose a vehicle.
The third objective of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting and processing insulation of a driving unit.
In order to achieve the above object, a motor control system according to an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention includes: a drive unit comprising a drive chip, the drive chip comprising a low voltage side and a high voltage side; the detection unit is respectively connected with the low-voltage side and the high-voltage side of the driving chip and is used for detecting the insulation state of the low-voltage side and the high-voltage side of the driving chip and feeding back insulation detection signals; and the main control unit is used for controlling the driving unit to enter a safe state when the insulation failure of the low-voltage side and the high-voltage side of the driving chip is determined according to the insulation detection signal.
According to the motor control system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the detection unit is additionally arranged to detect the insulation states of the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the driving chip, and the main control unit controls the driving unit to enter a safe state when the high-voltage insulation and the low-voltage insulation of the driving chip are determined to be invalid according to the insulation detection signal, so that the driving part can be prevented from being damaged due to the isolation failure of the driving chip, and the high-voltage side of the driving chip can be prevented from causing secondary damage to the low-voltage side when the isolation is failed.
In order to achieve the above object, a vehicle according to an embodiment of a second aspect of the present invention includes a motor and the motor control system, wherein the motor control system controls the motor.
According to the vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention, by adopting the motor control system of the embodiment, the safety of motor control can be improved, and the running reliability of the whole vehicle can be improved.
In order to achieve the above object, a drive unit insulation detection and processing method according to an embodiment of a third aspect of the present invention includes: acquiring an insulation detection signal between a low-voltage side and a high-voltage side of a driving chip of a driving unit; judging whether the low-voltage side and the high-voltage side of the driving chip are in insulation failure or not according to the insulation detection signal; if so, the driving unit is controlled to enter a safe state.
According to the insulation detection and processing method of the driving unit, whether the two sides are in insulation failure or not can be judged by obtaining the insulation detection signals of the two ends of the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the driving chip, the driving unit is controlled to be switched to a safe state when the insulation failure occurs, the driving part can be prevented from being damaged due to the insulation failure, secondary damage to the low-voltage side due to the high-voltage side caused by the insulation failure is avoided, and the control reliability and safety of the motor are improved.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art motor control system topology;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a drive unit of the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a motor control system portion topology according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-phase upper bridge arm driving chip insulation detection signal output according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase upper leg driver chip insulation detection signal output according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a vehicle according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of a drive unit insulation detection and processing method according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a flowchart of a process at the time of insulation failure of the drive unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, the embodiments described with reference to the drawings being illustrative, and the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a topology of a motor control system in the related art, wherein a schematic diagram of a low voltage side die1 and a high voltage side die2 of a driving chip in a driving unit is shown in fig. 2. In the existing motor control system, isolation measures are adopted on both the low-voltage side and the high-voltage side of a driving chip, and the low-voltage side and the high-voltage side are both independently grounded and are not grounded together. If the insulation of the isolation channel is in a problem, the isolation will fail, the function of the driving chip is lost, if the driving chip cannot be reliably detected and processed, the driving part can be damaged, and the high-voltage side can cause secondary damage to the low-voltage side.
The motor control system of the embodiment of the invention can solve the problem that the high voltage and the low voltage of the driving chips can not be effectively isolated and are communicated, the insulation reliable detection circuit is designed in the six driving chips of the motor control system, and when the insulation problem is found and the insulation can not be effectively isolated, the disconnection or three-phase short circuit treatment is adopted, so that the driving part is prevented from being further damaged and enters a set safe state.
A motor control system according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 3 to 5.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a topology of a motor control system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the motor control system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a driving unit, a detecting unit 20, and a main control unit 30.
The driving unit comprises six driving chips which are divided into a three-phase upper bridge arm driving chip 11 and a three-phase lower bridge arm driving chip 12, each driving chip comprises a low-voltage side and a high-voltage side, so that a motor control command sent by the main control unit 30 is converted from a lower voltage pulse signal into a higher voltage pulse signal which is enough to drive a power unit such as an IGBT, and meanwhile, the low-voltage side is isolated from the high-voltage side.
The main control unit 30 controls the enabling of the driving chip through an enabling pin, for example, a dis/en _ able pin, and the 3-way PWM waveform of the three-phase upper bridge arm driving chip 11 and the 3-way PWM waveform of the three-phase lower bridge arm driving chip 12 are respectively transmitted to the driving chip through a PWM × 3 path.
The detecting unit 20 is connected to the low-voltage side and the high-voltage side of the driving chip, respectively, and is configured to detect an insulation state between the low-voltage side and the high-voltage side of the driving chip, and feed back an insulation detection signal, where the detection signal is fed back to the main control unit 30, and when the main control unit 30 detects an abnormal signal and determines that the insulation between the low-voltage side and the high-voltage side of the driving chip fails according to the insulation detection signal, the driving unit is controlled to enter a safe state, for example, a disconnection enable signal dis/en _ able, and a safety control signal FS _ able is sent to enable the six driving chips to enter the safe state, so that damage to a driving part due to the isolation failure of the driving chips can be avoided.
According to the motor control system 1 of the embodiment of the invention, the detection unit 20 is added to detect the insulation state of the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the driving chip, and the main control unit 30 controls the driving unit to enter the safe state when determining that the high-voltage insulation and the low-voltage insulation of the driving chip fail according to the insulation detection signal, so that the driving part can be prevented from being damaged due to the isolation failure of the driving chip, and the high-voltage side of the driving chip can be prevented from causing secondary damage to the low-voltage side when the isolation fails.
Further, the detection unit 20 includes six detection circuits, and the six detection circuits are configured to detect insulation states of six driving chips of the driving unit, that is, each driving chip performs insulation detection through the corresponding detection circuit, and each detection circuit can feed back a detected insulation detection signal to the main control unit 30.
As shown in fig. 3, each of the detection circuits includes a resistor unit 21 and a capacitor unit 22, wherein the ground terminal of the high-voltage side of the driver chip is grounded, one end of the resistor unit 21 and the ground terminal of the low-voltage side of the driver chip are connected to a signal output node O1, the other end of the resistor unit 21 is grounded, and the signal output node O1 is configured to output an insulation detection signal; one end of the capacitor unit 22 is connected between the ground terminal of the high voltage side of the driver chip and the ground, and the other end of the capacitor unit 22 is connected between the other end of the resistor unit 21 and the ground.
Specifically, the detection circuit realizes the ground connection between the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the driving chip through the capacitor unit 22, when the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the driving chip are insulated, the voltages at both ends of the capacitor unit 22 are equal, when the insulation of the high-voltage side and the insulation of the low-voltage side fails, the signal of the signal output node O1 changes, the main control unit 30 can judge whether the insulation of the high-voltage side and the insulation of the low-voltage side of the driving chip fails according to the change of the received insulation detection signal, and then, when the insulation fails, the driving unit is controlled to be switched to a safe state.
In an embodiment, the detection unit 20 of each driver chip may independently send the insulation detection signal to the main control unit 30, that is, the signal output node O1 of each detection circuit is connected to the main control unit 30, or the signal output nodes of six detection circuits are connected to the main control unit 30. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the processing modes of the three-phase bridge arm driving chips are independently controlled, six detection circuits for independent detection are provided, and as shown in fig. 4, taking the insulation detection signal of the three-phase upper bridge arm driving chip 11 as an example, signal _ A, signal _ B, signal _ C is input into the main control unit 30, and once the main control unit 30 detects the signal abnormality, the six driving chips enter a safe state.
In other embodiments, the signal output nodes O1 of three detection circuits are connected together and then connected to the main control unit 30, and the signal output nodes O1 of the other three detection circuits are connected together and then connected to the main control unit 30, where the three detection circuits are used to detect the three-phase upper arm driving chip 11 of the driving unit, and the other three detection circuits are used to detect the three-phase lower arm driving chip 12 of the driving unit. That is, it is also possible to synthesize one detection signal from the insulation detection signals output from the three detection circuits of the three-phase upper arm driving chip 11, synthesize one detection signal from the insulation detection signals output from the three detection circuits of the three-phase lower arm driving chip 12, and provide two detection signals to the main control unit 30, and take the three-phase upper arm signal as an example, as shown in fig. 5, signal _ A, signal _ B, signal _ C is integrated into one signal and input into the main control unit 30, and the main control unit 30 enters the six driving chips into a safe state once detecting that the signal is abnormal.
Further, when the main control unit 30 determines that the insulation of the low-voltage side and the high-voltage side of the driving chip is failed according to the insulation detection signal, the insulation failure is performed to avoid damage to the power part, specifically, the driving unit is controlled to enter a safe state, when the rotation speed of the motor is higher than a preset rotation speed, the back electromotive force of the motor exceeds the bus supply voltage, the driving unit is controlled to enter a three-phase short circuit state, wherein when the insulation of the three-phase upper bridge arm driving chip 11 is failed, the three-phase lower bridge arm driving chip 12 is controlled to be short-circuited, or when the insulation of the three-phase lower bridge arm driving chip 12 is failed, the three-phase upper bridge arm driving chip 11 is controlled to be short-circuited, so that the driving unit enters the safe state, the damage to the driving part due to the insulation failure is avoided, and the secondary damage to the low-voltage side by the high-voltage side is avoided.
In other embodiments, when the insulation fault occurs that the rotating speed of the motor is lower than the preset rotating speed, and the back electromotive force of the motor is lower than the bus supply voltage, the six driving chips of the driving unit are all controlled to be switched to the open-circuit state, that is, the driving unit has no current at this time, so that the driving unit enters the safe state.
In summary, in the motor control system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the detection unit 20 is added to detect the insulation state of the driving chip, and when the insulation on the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the driving chip fails, the driving unit is controlled to enter the safe state, that is, the insulation detection and the fault processing for isolating the primary side and the secondary side of the driving chip are performed, so as to ensure the safe operation of the vehicle as much as possible, reduce the influence on the vehicle operation when the electric driving system has a secondary fault or fails due to the loss of the driving chip, and enhance the safe operation time and the operation reliability of the vehicle.
Based on the motor control system 1 of the above embodiment, a vehicle is proposed in a second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 6, a vehicle 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a motor 2 and the motor control system 1 of the above embodiment, and the motor control system 1 is configured to control the motor 2. The topology of the motor control system 1 and its detection and processing can be referred to the description of the above embodiments.
According to the vehicle 100 of the embodiment of the invention, by adopting the motor control system 1 of the above embodiment, the safety of motor control can be improved, and the running reliability of the whole vehicle can be improved.
A drive unit insulation detection and processing method according to an embodiment of the third aspect of the present invention is described below with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 7 is a flowchart of a driving unit insulation detecting and processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 7, the driving unit insulation detecting and processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention at least includes steps S1-S3.
And S1, acquiring an insulation detection signal between the low-voltage side and the high-voltage side of the driving chip of the driving unit.
And S2, judging whether the low-voltage side and the high-voltage side of the driving chip are in insulation failure or not according to the insulation detection signal.
And S3, if yes, controlling the driving unit to enter a safe state.
Specifically, the rotating speed of a motor is obtained; when the rotating speed of the motor is greater than the preset rotating speed, controlling the driving unit to enter a three-phase short circuit state; when the three-phase upper bridge arm driving chip fails to be insulated, the three-phase lower bridge arm driving chip is controlled to be in short circuit, or when the three-phase lower bridge arm driving chip fails to be insulated, the three-phase upper bridge arm driving chip is controlled to be in short circuit. When the rotating speed of the motor is lower than the preset rotating speed, the six driving chips of the driving unit are controlled to be switched to an open circuit state.
According to the insulation detection and processing method of the driving unit, whether the two sides are in insulation failure or not can be judged by obtaining the insulation detection signals of the two ends of the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the driving chip, the driving unit is controlled to be switched to a safe state when the insulation failure occurs, the driving part can be prevented from being damaged due to the insulation failure, secondary damage to the low-voltage side due to the high-voltage side caused by the insulation failure is avoided, and the control reliability and safety of the motor are improved.
Fig. 8 is a flowchart of a driving unit insulation processing procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, specifically including the following steps;
s11, insulation detection is abnormal.
S12, judging whether the difference is satisfied, if yes, going to step S13, otherwise going to step S14.
And S13, controlling the six-path driving chip of the driving unit to close, and giving an alarm.
And S14, judging whether the fault signal is the fault of the upper bridge arm driving chip, if so, going to step S15, and if not, going to step S16.
And S15, controlling the three-phase lower bridge arm driving chip to be in short circuit and giving an alarm.
And S16, controlling the three-phase upper bridge arm driving chip to be in short circuit and giving an alarm.
In summary, the insulation detection and processing method for the driving unit according to the embodiment of the present invention adds insulation detection for isolating the primary side and the secondary side of the driving chip, and performs safety processing when the insulation fails, so as to make the electric control system more reliable and improve the control safety of the motor.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A motor control system, comprising:
a drive unit comprising a drive chip, the drive chip comprising a low voltage side and a high voltage side;
the detection unit is respectively connected with the low-voltage side and the high-voltage side of the driving chip and is used for detecting the insulation state of the low-voltage side and the high-voltage side of the driving chip and feeding back insulation detection signals;
and the main control unit is used for controlling the driving unit to enter a safe state when the insulation failure of the low-voltage side and the high-voltage side of the driving chip is determined according to the insulation detection signal.
2. The motor control system according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit includes six detection circuits for detecting insulation states of six drive chips of the drive unit, respectively, each of the detection circuits including:
one end of the resistance unit and the grounding end of the low-voltage side of the driving chip are connected to a signal output node, the other end of the resistance unit is grounded, and the signal output node is used for outputting the insulation detection signal;
and one end of the capacitor unit is connected between the grounding end of the high-voltage side of the driving chip and the ground, and the other end of the capacitor unit is connected between the other end of the resistor unit and the ground.
3. The motor control system of claim 2, wherein the signal output node of each of the detection circuits is connected to the master control unit.
4. The motor control system of claim 2,
the signal output nodes of the three detection circuits are connected together and then connected with the main control unit, and the signal output nodes of the other three detection circuits are connected together and then connected with the main control unit, wherein the three detection circuits are used for detecting a three-phase upper bridge arm driving chip of the driving unit, and the other three detection circuits are used for detecting a three-phase lower bridge arm driving chip of the driving unit;
or, the signal output nodes of the six detection circuits are respectively connected with the main control unit.
5. The motor control system according to claim 1, wherein the main control unit is configured to control the driving unit to enter a three-phase short-circuit state when the driving unit is controlled to enter the safe state and the motor rotation speed is higher than a preset rotation speed, wherein the three-phase lower bridge arm driving chip is controlled to be short-circuited when the three-phase upper bridge arm driving chip fails in insulation, or the three-phase upper bridge arm driving chip is controlled to be short-circuited when the three-phase lower bridge arm driving chip fails in insulation.
6. The motor control system according to claim 1, wherein the main control unit is configured to control the six driving chips of the driving unit to be switched to an open state when the motor rotation speed is lower than a preset rotation speed when controlling the driving unit to enter the safe state.
7. A vehicle comprising an electric machine and a motor control system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the motor control system controls the electric machine.
8. A drive unit insulation detection and processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring an insulation detection signal between a low-voltage side and a high-voltage side of a driving chip of a driving unit;
judging whether the low-voltage side and the high-voltage side of the driving chip are in insulation failure or not according to the insulation detection signal;
if so, the driving unit is controlled to enter a safe state.
9. The drive unit insulation detection and handling method of claim 8, wherein controlling the drive unit into the safe state comprises:
acquiring the rotating speed of a motor;
when the rotating speed of the motor is greater than a preset rotating speed, controlling the driving unit to enter a three-phase short circuit state;
when the three-phase upper bridge arm driving chip fails to be insulated, the three-phase lower bridge arm driving chip is controlled to be in short circuit, or when the three-phase lower bridge arm driving chip fails to be insulated, the three-phase upper bridge arm driving chip is controlled to be in short circuit.
10. The drive unit insulation detection and handling method of claim 8, wherein controlling the drive unit into the safe state comprises:
acquiring the rotating speed of a motor;
and when the rotating speed of the motor is lower than the preset rotating speed, controlling the six driving chips of the driving unit to be switched to an open circuit state.
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| CN202010140813.6A CN113358982B (en) | 2020-03-03 | 2020-03-03 | Motor control system, vehicle and drive unit insulation detection and processing method |
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| CN202010140813.6A CN113358982B (en) | 2020-03-03 | 2020-03-03 | Motor control system, vehicle and drive unit insulation detection and processing method |
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