CN114172120A - Active short circuit control circuit and method - Google Patents
Active short circuit control circuit and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114172120A CN114172120A CN202111455693.XA CN202111455693A CN114172120A CN 114172120 A CN114172120 A CN 114172120A CN 202111455693 A CN202111455693 A CN 202111455693A CN 114172120 A CN114172120 A CN 114172120A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
- H02H7/085—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
- H02H7/09—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against over-voltage; against reduction of voltage; against phase interruption
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Abstract
The invention discloses an active short circuit control circuit and a method, wherein the circuit comprises: the system comprises an overvoltage detection module, an active short-circuit module and a drive control module, wherein when the overvoltage detection module detects that the power supply voltage of a motor exceeds a preset range and/or controller control software fails, a first fault signal is sent to the active short-circuit module; the active short circuit module is used for disconnecting the connection between the controller and the drive control module and sending an active short circuit control signal to the drive control module so as to adjust a switch tube in the drive control module, thereby controlling the motor to be in an active short circuit safety state, solving the problem that the motor cannot output safe torque after control software fails in the prior art, and further improving the driving safety. In addition, after the fault occurs, the connection between the controller and the drive control module is disconnected, so that the controller is not damaged, and the service life of the motor controller is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automobile control, in particular to an active short circuit control circuit and method.
Background
With the wide popularization of new energy automobiles, a motor controller in an electric automobile is used as an important part of a complete automobile power system and is responsible for converting high-voltage direct current into alternating current for driving a motor to work, so that power is provided for the automobile. However, the failure of the external system of the motor may cause the motor to malfunction, which may cause the motor controller to be damaged and the output to be out of control, so that the motor controller cannot output according to the command given by the vehicle controller. In addition, when only the motor fails and the motor controller is not abnormal, if the motor winding unidirectional short circuit fault occurs, the influence on the whole vehicle is reflected as unexpected rapid acceleration and rapid deceleration of the whole vehicle, and the potential safety hazard of the vehicle and the human body is threatened.
When the traditional protection circuit detects that the motor fails, the motor is controlled to enter a safe state. The safe state of the motor in general includes two kinds, one is to directly place all the power switching devices in an open state (Free Wheeling, FW); the other is to place the half-bridge of the power switch device in open Circuit and place the opposite half-bridge in Short Circuit, also called Active Short Circuit (ASC). When the motor rotates at a high speed, the motor is controlled to enter an ASC safe state in order to avoid the generation of reverse electromotive force; when the motor rotates at a low speed, the motor is controlled to enter the FW state. However, when the power supply of the low-voltage power supply fails or the control software fails, the motor cannot be guaranteed to perform functional safety protection, and the method has limitations.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an active short circuit control circuit and method, which enable a motor to enter a safe state in an active short circuit mode when the motor fails, stabilize output torque and guarantee driving safety.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an active short circuit control circuit, including: the overvoltage detection module, the active short circuit module and the drive control module are connected with the power supply;
the driving control module comprises a plurality of switching tubes, and the switching tubes are used for adjusting the power supply voltage of the motor;
the overvoltage detection module is respectively electrically connected with the motor, the drive control module and the controller and is used for detecting the power supply voltage of the motor and the control software of the controller;
the overvoltage detection module is used for sending a first fault signal to the active short circuit module when the power supply voltage of the motor exceeds a preset range and/or the controller control software fails; the active short circuit module is used for disconnecting the connection between the controller and the drive control module and sending an active short circuit control signal to the drive control module.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an active short circuit control method, where the method includes:
step 1: judging whether the controller has a low-voltage power supply failure condition, if so, starting a backup power supply to enable the backup power supply to respectively supply power to the overvoltage detection module, the active short-circuit module and the drive control module, and then executing the step 2; if not, directly executing the step 2;
step 2: the overvoltage detection module detects whether the power supply voltage of the motor exceeds a preset range and/or the controller control software fails, and if yes, the step 3 is pointed to; if not, maintaining the original state of the controller;
and step 3: sending a first fault signal to an active short circuit module;
and 4, step 4: the active short circuit module disconnects the controller from the drive control module and sends an active short circuit control signal to the drive control module.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, when the overvoltage detection module detects that the power supply voltage of the motor exceeds a preset range and/or the controller control software fails, a first fault signal is sent to the active short-circuit module; the active short circuit module is used for disconnecting the connection between the controller and the drive control module and sending an active short circuit control signal to the drive control module so as to adjust a switch tube in the drive control module, thereby controlling the motor to enter an active short circuit safety state, solving the problem that the motor cannot output safe torque after control software fails in the prior art, and further improving the driving safety. In addition, after the fault occurs, the connection between the controller and the drive control module is disconnected, so that the controller is not damaged, and the service life of the motor controller is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an active short circuit control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another active short circuit control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an active short circuit control circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an active short circuit control circuit according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a specific connection structure of an active short circuit module according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of an active short circuit control method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of another active short circuit control method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an active short-circuit control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the active short-circuit control circuit is capable of sending an active short-circuit control signal when a motor fault is detected, so as to ensure that a motor outputs a safe torque. The circuit includes: an overvoltage detection module 110, an active short circuit module 120 and a drive control module 130;
the driving control module 130 includes a plurality of switching tubes for adjusting a supply voltage of the motor;
the overvoltage detection module 110 is electrically connected with the motor, the drive control module 130 and the controller respectively, and is used for detecting the power supply voltage of the motor and the control software of the controller;
the overvoltage detection module 110 is configured to send a first fault signal to the active short circuit module 120 when the motor supply voltage exceeds a preset range and/or the controller control software fails; the active short circuit module 120 is configured to disconnect the controller from the driving control module 130, and send an active short circuit control signal to the driving control module 130.
The motor control circuit for the electric automobile mainly adopts a three-phase bridge inverter to realize the conversion function of direct current and alternating current at present, according to the control principle of the three-phase bridge inverter circuit, under normal work, in a sine cycle, each bridge arm switch tube is switched on for a half cycle, the upper and lower bridge arm switch tubes of the same phase are alternately switched on, the angle difference of the phases starting to conduct is 120 degrees, 3 bridge arms are simultaneously switched on at any moment, but the state that the upper and lower switch tubes of the same-phase bridge arm are simultaneously switched on cannot occur.
Specifically, the driving control module 130 includes a plurality of switching tubes, which can be divided into: the circuit that goes up three bridge switch tube and three bridge switch tube down, the circuit that goes up three bridge switch tube correspondence is high limit circuit, and the circuit that three bridge switch tube down corresponds is low limit circuit. When the motor works normally, the upper three-bridge switching tube and the lower three-bridge switching tube are alternately conducted, and the control of the controller on the motor is realized. When a fault occurs, active short circuit can be realized by controlling the on and off of the upper three-bridge switching tube or the lower three-bridge switching tube.
Specifically, the overvoltage detection module 110 is electrically connected to the motor, the driving control module 130 and a motor controller, i.e., a controller, respectively, and is configured to detect a supply voltage of the motor and control software of the controller. The overvoltage detection module 110 is further configured to send a first fault signal to the active short circuit module 120 when the motor supply voltage exceeds a preset range and/or the controller control software fails; the active short circuit module 120 is configured to disconnect the controller from the driving control module 130, and send an active short circuit control signal to the driving control module 130.
It is understood that when the motor supply voltage, i.e., the operating voltage, exceeds the rated preset range, it indicates that the motor is operating abnormally. When the overvoltage detection module 110 detects that the motor supply voltage exceeds a preset range, a first fault signal can be sent. The preset range may be set according to the actual condition of the vehicle, and is not particularly limited herein, for example, the preset range may be configured to send a first fault signal to the active short-circuit module 120 when the motor supply voltage is detected to exceed 60V; in addition, when the motor normally works, the controller sends the PWM control signal to the driving control module 130, and when a short circuit, an open circuit, or other faults occur in the internal device of the controller, the controller cannot send the control signal, that is, the controller control software fails, so that the motor cannot be controlled to normally operate. In this embodiment, when the overvoltage detection module 110 detects that the controller control software fails, the first fault signal may also be sent to the active short circuit module 120.
Further, when the motor fails and the controller can normally operate, in order to ensure that the controller is not damaged, the active short circuit module 120 automatically disconnects the controller from the driving control module 130 after receiving the first fault signal sent by the overvoltage detection module 110, and sends the active short circuit control signal to the driving control module 130, so that the driving control module 130 implements active short circuit.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another active short circuit control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is further detailed on the basis of the active short circuit control circuit shown in fig. 1, and refer to fig. 2 specifically. Optionally, the active short circuit control circuit may further include:
a backup power supply 140; the standby power source 140 is electrically connected to the overvoltage detection module 110, the active short-circuit module 120, and the driving control module 130, respectively, and is configured to supply power to the overvoltage detection module 110, the active short-circuit module 120, and the driving control module 130 when the controller fails in low-voltage power supply.
Optionally, before the overvoltage detection module 110 detects the power supply voltage of the motor, it may further detect whether the low-voltage power supply of the controller is working normally, and when it is detected that the low-voltage power supply of the controller is failed, the standby power supply 140 supplies power to the overvoltage detection module 110, the active short-circuit module 120, and the driving control module 130. The specific arrangement of the backup power source 140 is not limited, and may be, for example, a battery capable of directly supplying power to the low-voltage side, or a power conversion device capable of taking power from the high-voltage side.
The standby power supply can enable the overvoltage detection module, the active short circuit module and the drive control module not to be affected by the low-voltage power supply abnormality of the controller, and the respective functions can still be normally executed under the condition that the low-voltage power supply of the controller fails.
Optionally, the overvoltage detection module 110 is further configured to send a fault repair completion signal to the active short circuit module 120 when it is detected that the power supply voltage of the motor is recovered to the preset range; the active short circuit module 120 is further configured to establish a connection between the controller and the driving control module 130, and stop sending the active short circuit control signal to the driving control module 130.
Specifically, after the active short circuit is executed, the overvoltage detection module 110 may monitor the power supply voltage of the motor in real time, when it is detected that the voltage is restored to the preset range, it indicates that the motor can normally work, and at this time, the overvoltage detection module 110 sends a fault repair completion signal to the active short circuit module 120, and reports the current state to the controller, so that the controller can monitor and record the active short circuit, and provide a basis for subsequent optimization of the motor controller. After receiving the fault repairing completion signal, the active short-circuit module 120 reestablishes the connection between the controller and the driving control module 130, and the controller sends the PWM control signal again to control the switching tube in the driving control module 130 to be turned on or turned off, thereby implementing the control of the motor. Meanwhile, the active short circuit module 120 stops sending the active short circuit control signal, so that the motor control circuit exits the active short circuit state.
According to the technical scheme provided by the first embodiment of the invention, when the overvoltage detection module detects that the power supply voltage of the motor exceeds a preset range and/or the controller control software fails, a first fault signal is sent to the active short-circuit module; the active short circuit module is used for disconnecting the connection between the controller and the drive control module and sending an active short circuit control signal to the drive control module so as to adjust a switch tube in the drive control module, thereby controlling the motor to enter an active short circuit safety state, solving the problem that the motor cannot output safe torque after control software fails in the prior art, and further improving the driving safety. In addition, after the fault occurs, the connection between the controller and the drive control module is disconnected, so that the controller is not damaged, and the service life of the motor controller is prolonged.
Example two
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an active short-circuit control circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention, the active short-circuit control circuit according to the second embodiment is further detailed based on the first embodiment, and specifically, referring to fig. 3, the active short-circuit control circuit may further include:
a drive failure detection module 150; the driving fault detection module 150 is configured to detect a switching tube of the driving control module 130; the driving fault detection module 150 is electrically connected to the active short circuit module 120, and is configured to send a second fault signal to the active short circuit module 120 when the switching tube fails; the active short circuit module 120 is configured to send an active short circuit control signal to the driving control module 130.
Optionally, a specific setting manner of the driving fault detection module 150 is not limited herein, for example, the driving fault detection module 150 may be set separately, may also be set as the same as the driving overvoltage detection module 110, and may also be set in the driving control module 130, in this embodiment, the driving fault detection module 150 is preferably set separately, and the driving fault detection module 150 is additionally set, so that a fault occurring in the motor can be determined more directly and accurately, and thus a clear fault instruction is sent.
Further, the driving fault detection module 150 may be further electrically connected to the overvoltage detection module 110 and the driving control module 130, and when the first fault signal sent by the overvoltage detection module 110 is detected, the driving fault detection module 150 detects a switching tube of the driving control module 130. It can be understood that, at this time, the driving fault detection module 150 may not only detect whether each switching tube has a fault, but also detect whether a high-side circuit corresponding to the upper three-bridge switching tube and/or a low-side circuit corresponding to the lower three-bridge switching tube has a fault.
Optionally, the second fault signal may include an upper three-bridge fault signal or a lower three-bridge fault signal, where the upper three-bridge fault signal refers to a fault of an upper three-bridge switching tube and/or a fault of a high-side circuit corresponding to the upper three-bridge switching tube; the lower three-bridge fault signal refers to a fault of a lower three-bridge switching tube and/or a fault of a low-side circuit corresponding to the lower three-bridge switching tube.
Further, when the driving fault detection module 150 detects that the switching tube has a fault, a second fault signal is sent to the active short circuit module 120; the active short circuit module 120 sends an active short circuit control signal to the driving control module 130 after receiving the second fault signal.
Optionally, the active short-circuit module 120 may be further configured to control the switching tubes of the upper three bridges of the driving control module 130 to be turned off and the switching tubes of the lower three bridges to be turned on when it is detected that the second fault signal sent by the driving fault detection module 150 is the upper three-bridge fault signal;
the active short-circuit module 120 is configured to, when detecting that the second fault signal sent by the driving fault detection module 150 is a lower three-bridge fault signal, control the switching tubes of the lower three-bridge of the driving control module 130 to be turned off, and control the switching tubes of the upper three-bridge to be turned on.
It can be understood that, when the upper three-bridge switching tube has a fault and/or the high-side circuit corresponding to the upper three-bridge switching tube has a fault, in order to realize active short circuit and ensure that the motor outputs safe torque, the upper three-bridge switching tube should be disconnected, the lower three-bridge switching tube should be closed, a loop is formed between the lower three-bridge switching tubes, and the loop cannot be effectively formed between the motor and the controller, so that abnormal torque output is prevented.
Fault detection and active short circuit control are carried out in a wrong way, namely, the upper three-bridge switching tube reports a fault, and the lower three-bridge carries out active short circuit; the lower three-bridge switching tube reports faults, and the upper three-bridge implements active short circuit, so that the realization of the active short circuit function can be ensured, and the driving safety is ensured.
Similarly, when the lower three-bridge switching tube has a fault and/or the low-side circuit corresponding to the lower three-bridge switching tube has a fault, the lower three-bridge switching tube should be disconnected, the upper three-bridge switching tube should be closed, and a loop is formed between the upper three-bridge switching tube, so that the loop cannot be effectively formed between the motor and the controller, and abnormal torque output is prevented.
Optionally, the on/off of each switching tube in the driving control module 130 may be controlled by a plurality of driving chips in the driving control module 130, and after the driving control module 130 receives the active short-circuit control signal, the driving chips control the upper three-bridge switching tube or the lower three-bridge switching tube to complete the active short-circuit according to the active short-circuit control signal.
The active short circuit module is arranged on the left side of the driving chip, namely the driving low-voltage side, the requirement on the driving chip is low, the driving chip which is simple to use can be realized, the economy is high, and the large-area popularization is facilitated.
Optionally, when the overvoltage detection module 110 detects that the power supply voltage of the motor exceeds the voltage threshold and/or the controller control software fails, the active short-circuit module 120 controls the switching tubes of the upper three bridges of the driving control module 130 to be opened and the switching tubes of the lower three bridges to be closed.
It should be noted that, in the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present invention, after the overvoltage detection module 110 detects that a fault occurs, a default working state may be set, that is, a default lower three-bridge switching tube or a default upper three-bridge switching tube works, that is, a default lower three-bridge active short circuit or a default lower three-bridge active short circuit, and then the fault detection module 150 is driven to detect a fault type and send different fault signals.
Optionally, if the default operation of the lower three-bridge switching tube is determined, the active short-circuit module 120 directly controls the switching tube of the upper three-bridge of the driving control module 130 to be switched off, and the switching tube of the lower three-bridge is switched on; if the default operation of the upper three-bridge switching tube is determined, the active short-circuit module 120 directly controls the switching tubes of the lower three-bridge of the driving control module 130 to be switched off, and the switching tubes of the upper three-bridge are switched on.
By setting a default working state, active short circuit can be realized at the first time when a fault occurs, and the damage of an overhigh back electromotive force to a power battery, a bus capacitor and other high-voltage devices caused by abnormal operation of a motor in the running process of a vehicle is avoided.
According to the technical scheme provided by the second embodiment of the invention, after the first fault signal is received, the driving fault detection module detects the fault type and sends out different fault signals aiming at different fault types, so that the driving short-circuit module sends out corresponding driving short-circuit control signals aiming at different fault signals and the driving control module carries out different short-circuit control, and the driving short-circuit work in the motor control circuit is completed more accurately and directly.
EXAMPLE III
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an active short circuit control circuit according to a third embodiment of the present invention, the active short circuit control circuit according to the third embodiment is refined based on the first embodiment, and in particular, referring to fig. 4, wherein the active short circuit module 120 further includes:
a first logic circuit 11, a second logic circuit 12, a third logic circuit 13 and a delay circuit 14;
the first logic circuit 11 is electrically connected to the controller, the overvoltage detection module 110 and the driving control module 130, respectively, and is configured to disconnect the connection with the controller after receiving the first fault signal;
the second logic circuit 12 is electrically connected to the overvoltage detection module 110 and the delay circuit 14, and is configured to send a delay control signal to the delay circuit 14 after receiving the second fault signal, and send an active short circuit control signal to the third logic circuit 13; the delay circuit 14 is configured to send an enable signal to the third logic circuit 13 after the delay time is set;
the third logic circuit 13 is configured to send an active short circuit control signal to the driving control module 130 after receiving the enable signal.
Under the normal working condition, the controller sends out a PWM control signal, and the PWM control signal is transmitted to the driving control module 130 through the first logic circuit 11 and the third logic circuit 13 to control the switching tube to be opened or closed, so as to control the motor to work. When the overvoltage detection module 110 detects that a fault occurs and sends a first fault signal, the first logic circuit 11 is turned off, that is, the PWM control signal sent by the controller is turned off.
Optionally, a specific setting manner of the first logic circuit 11 is not limited herein, and in this embodiment, it is preferably implemented by a multi-way switch. Specifically, during normal operation, the first logic circuit 11 receives a high level signal, after the overvoltage detection module 110 detects that a fault occurs, the first logic circuit 11 sends a first fault signal, where the first fault signal is a low level signal, and after the first logic circuit 11 receives the low level signal, the multi-way switch is controlled to be turned off, that is, the PWM control signal sent by the controller is turned off.
Optionally, the second logic circuit 12 may further be connected to the driving fault detection module 150, and after the driving fault detection module 150 determines the fault type, the driving fault detection module sends an upper three-bridge fault signal or a lower three-bridge fault signal to the second logic circuit 12. The second logic circuit 12 sends out a corresponding active short circuit control signal according to the fault type, and the active short circuit control signal is sent to the third logic circuit 13 through the delay circuit 14; meanwhile, the second logic circuit 12 sends a delay control signal to the delay circuit 14, and the delay circuit 14 is configured to send an enable signal to the third logic circuit 13 after setting a delay time after receiving the delay control signal. The specific setting mode of the delay circuit 14 may adopt any one of the prior art, and is not limited herein, the embodiment is preferably set up by a simple RC delay circuit, the delay time of the RC delay circuit may be adjusted by the sizes of the resistor and the capacitor, and the circuit is simple and convenient to use.
Further, after receiving the enable signal, the third logic circuit 13 sends the active short circuit control signal sent by the second logic circuit 12 to the driving control module 130, so as to complete the active short circuit operation.
Optionally, a specific setting manner of the third logic circuit 13 is not limited herein, and in this embodiment, it is also preferable to implement by using a multi-way switch. Specifically, during normal operation, the first logic circuit 13 receives a high level signal, after a fault occurs, the second logic circuit 12 sends a delay control signal and an active short circuit control signal, and after receiving the delay control signal, the delay circuit 14 sends an enable signal after delaying for a certain time, which may be several microseconds, so that the enable signal controls the multi-way switch in the third logic circuit 13 to be closed, and the active short circuit control signal is sent to the driving control module 130. By arranging the delay circuit 14, the situation that the upper and lower switch tubes of the same bridge arm are directly communicated to cause short circuit impact when the active short circuit states of the upper and lower three bridges are switched can be prevented.
Optionally, the second logic circuit 12 may further include an upper three-bridge logic control circuit 122 and a lower three-bridge logic control circuit 121;
when the active short-circuit module 120 detects that the second fault signal sent by the driving fault detection module 150 is an upper three-bridge fault signal, the upper three-bridge logic control circuit 122 sends a disconnection signal of a switching tube of the upper three-bridge to the third logic circuit 13; the lower three-bridge logic control circuit 121 sends a closing signal of a switching tube of the lower three-bridge to the third logic circuit 13;
when the active short-circuit module 120 detects that the second fault signal sent by the driving fault detection module 150 is a lower three-bridge fault signal, the upper three-bridge logic control circuit 122 sends a closing signal of a switching tube of the upper three-bridge to the third logic circuit 13; the lower three-bridge logic control circuit 121 sends an off signal of the switching tube of the lower three-bridge to the third logic circuit 13.
Optionally, in this embodiment, the upper three-bridge logic control circuit 122 and/or the lower three-bridge logic control circuit 121 are preferably implemented by setting a pull-up resistor and/or a pull-down resistor.
Specifically, when an upper three-bridge fault occurs, the lower three-bridge logic control circuit 121 pulls up a signal to the power supply voltage through a pull-up resistor, and at this time, a switch corresponding to a lower three-bridge switching tube in the third logic circuit 13 is closed; meanwhile, the upper three-bridge logic control circuit 122 pulls down the signal to 0V through a pull-down resistor, at this time, the switch corresponding to the upper three-bridge switch tube in the third logic circuit 13 is turned off, and finally, the third logic circuit 13 sends out the lower three-bridge active short circuit control signal.
Similarly, when a lower three-bridge fault occurs, the upper three-bridge logic control circuit 122 pulls up a signal to the power supply voltage through a pull-up resistor, and at this time, a switch corresponding to an upper three-bridge switching tube in the third logic circuit 13 is closed; meanwhile, the lower three-bridge logic control circuit 121 pulls the signal down to 0V through the pull-down resistor, at this time, the switch corresponding to the lower three-bridge switching tube in the third logic circuit 13 is turned off, and finally, the third logic circuit 13 sends out the active short circuit control signal of the upper three-bridge.
According to the technical scheme provided by the third embodiment of the invention, the active short circuit module is built by a simple logic circuit, the active short circuit function can be realized without a complex circuit structure, the circuit stability is higher, and the practical value is very good.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the present invention further exemplarily provides a specific connection manner of each circuit in the active short-circuiting module, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a specific connection structure of the active short-circuiting module according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and the following describes an operation process of the active short-circuiting module with reference to fig. 5:
during normal operation, the HV-OV received by the first logic circuit 11 is a high level signal, after a fault occurs, the HV-OV signal is changed into a low level signal, that is, a first fault signal LO signal, after the first logic circuit 11 receives the LO signal, the multi-way switch X1 is turned off, the PWM signal sent by the controller cannot be transmitted continuously, and then the lower three-bridge logic control circuit 121 and the upper three-bridge logic control circuit 122 control the completion of the active short circuit operation of the driving control module 130; meanwhile, the LO signal is transmitted to the delay circuit 14, and after a short delay, the delay circuit 14 sends an enable signal, i.e., an LDO signal, to the third logic circuit 13. It should be noted that fig. 5 shows a default lower three-bridge active short-circuit state, that is, the input terminal of the lower three-bridge logic control circuit 121 is connected to the end of the pull-up resistor SA, and the input terminal of the upper three-bridge logic control circuit 122 is connected to the end of the pull-down resistor SA. It will be appreciated that if by default the upper three bridges are actively shorted, the reverse is performed.
Further, FLT-L is a detected fault signal, if FLT-L is a lower three-bridge fault signal, the input end of the lower three-bridge logic control circuit 121 is connected to the pull-down resistor SB end, and the input end of the upper three-bridge logic control circuit 122 is connected to the pull-up resistor SB end, that is, the lower three-bridge logic control circuit 121 and the upper three-bridge logic control circuit 122 respectively send signals that the lower three-bridge switching tube is disconnected and the upper three-bridge switching tube is closed to the third logic circuit 13, so as to realize active short circuit of the upper three-bridge; if FLT-L is the upper three-bridge fault signal, the existing lower three-bridge active short circuit state is still maintained.
Further, after receiving the LDO signal and the active short circuit control signal sent by the lower three-bridge logic control circuit 121 or the upper three-bridge logic control circuit 122, the third logic circuit 13 closes the multi-way switch X2, and transmits the active short circuit control signal back to the driving control module 130, thereby performing the active short circuit operation.
Example four
Based on the same conception, the invention also provides an active short circuit control method. Fig. 6 is a flowchart of an active short circuit control method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, where the active short circuit control method can be implemented by any active short circuit control circuit according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and reference may also be made to the description in the foregoing embodiments for the connection mode between the modules involved. The method comprises the following steps:
s410, judging whether the controller has a low-voltage power supply failure condition, if so, executing S420, and then executing S430; if not, directly executing S430.
And S420, starting a backup power supply, so that the backup power supply respectively supplies power to the overvoltage detection module, the active short-circuit module and the drive control module.
Optionally, the standby power supply is electrically connected to the overvoltage detection module, the active short-circuit module, and the driving control module, respectively. Specifically, before the overvoltage detection module detects the power supply voltage of the motor, whether the low-voltage power supply of the controller works normally can be detected, and when the low-voltage power supply of the controller fails, the overvoltage detection module, the active short-circuit module and the drive control module are powered. The specific arrangement of the backup power supply is not limited, and may be, for example, a battery that can directly supply power to the low-voltage side, or a power conversion device that can take power from the high-voltage side.
The standby power supply can enable the overvoltage detection module, the active short circuit module and the drive control module to be influenced by low-voltage power supply of the controller, and the respective functions can still be normally executed under the condition that the low-voltage power supply of the controller fails.
S430, detecting whether the power supply voltage of the motor exceeds a preset range and/or the controller control software fails or not by the overvoltage detection module, and pointing to S440 if the power supply voltage of the motor exceeds the preset range and/or the controller control software fails; if not, executing S460 and maintaining the original state of the controller.
S440, sending a first fault signal to the active short-circuit module.
The overvoltage detection module is respectively electrically connected with the motor, the drive control module and the controller and is used for detecting the power supply voltage of the motor and the control software of the controller;
the overvoltage detection module is used for sending a first fault signal to the active short circuit module when the power supply voltage of the motor exceeds a preset range and/or the controller control software fails; the active short circuit module is used for disconnecting the connection between the controller and the drive control module and sending an active short circuit control signal to the drive control module.
It is understood that when the motor supply voltage, i.e., the operating voltage, exceeds the rated preset range, it indicates that the motor is operating abnormally. When the overvoltage detection module detects that the power supply voltage of the motor exceeds a preset range, a first fault signal can be sent. The preset range may be set according to the actual condition of the vehicle, and is not particularly limited herein, for example, the preset range may be set by sending a first fault signal to the active short-circuit module when the motor supply voltage is detected to exceed 60V; in addition, when the motor works normally, the controller sends a PWM control signal to the drive control module, and when faults such as short circuit, open circuit and the like occur to devices in the controller, the controller cannot send the control signal, namely, the controller control software fails, so that the motor cannot be controlled to run normally. In this embodiment, when the overvoltage detection module detects that the controller control software fails, the first fault signal may also be sent to the active short-circuit module. After the execution of S440, S450 is executed.
S450, the active short circuit module disconnects the controller from the drive control module and sends an active short circuit control signal to the drive control module.
Furthermore, when the motor fails and the controller can work normally, in order to ensure that the controller is not damaged, the active short-circuit module can automatically disconnect the connection between the controller and the drive control module after receiving a first fault signal sent by the overvoltage detection module, and send an active short-circuit control signal to the drive control module, and the drive control module implements active short-circuit.
Specifically, the drive control module comprises a plurality of switching tubes, and the switching tubes are used for adjusting the power supply voltage of the motor. The method can be divided into the following steps: the circuit that goes up three bridge switch tube and three bridge switch tube down, the circuit that goes up three bridge switch tube correspondence is high limit circuit, and the circuit that three bridge switch tube down corresponds is low limit circuit. When the motor works normally, the upper three-bridge switching tube and the lower three-bridge switching tube are alternately conducted, and the control of the controller on the motor is realized. When a fault occurs, active short circuit can be realized by controlling the on and off of the upper three-bridge switching tube or the lower three-bridge switching tube.
Optionally, the active short circuit module may include: a drive failure detection module; the driving fault detection module is used for detecting a switching tube of the driving control module; the driving fault detection module is electrically connected with the active short-circuit module and used for sending a second fault signal to the active short-circuit module when the switching tube has a fault; the active short circuit module is used for sending an active short circuit control signal to the drive control module.
Optionally, the second fault signal may include an upper three-bridge fault signal or a lower three-bridge fault signal, where the upper three-bridge fault signal refers to a fault of an upper three-bridge switching tube and/or a fault of a high-side circuit corresponding to the upper three-bridge switching tube; the lower three-bridge fault signal refers to a fault of a lower three-bridge switching tube and/or a fault of a low-side circuit corresponding to the lower three-bridge switching tube.
If the overvoltage detection module does not detect the fault condition, the original state of the controller is maintained, namely the controller drives the motor to run.
Fig. 7 is a flowchart of another active short circuit control method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, where the active short circuit control method is further refined on the basis of the active short circuit control method shown in fig. 6, specifically, the active short circuit module is divided into: the active short circuit module can further comprise a first logic circuit, a second logic circuit, a third logic circuit and a delay circuit. That is, S450 may be refined as:
and S451, after receiving the first fault signal, the first logic circuit disconnects the controller.
It can be understood that, when the motor fails and the controller can work normally, in order to ensure that the controller is not damaged, the active short-circuit module automatically disconnects the controller from the driving control module after receiving the first fault signal sent by the overvoltage detection module.
Specifically, the first logic circuit is electrically connected with the controller, the overvoltage detection module and the driving control module respectively, and is used for disconnecting the controller after receiving the first fault signal.
S452, the second logic circuit judges whether the second fault signal sent by the driving fault detection module is an upper three-bridge fault signal; if yes, go to S453; if not, go to step S454.
Optionally, the second logic circuit is electrically connected to the overvoltage detection module and the delay circuit, and is configured to send a delay control signal to the delay circuit after receiving the second fault signal, and send an active short circuit control signal to the third logic circuit; the delay circuit is used for sending an enabling signal to the third logic circuit after the delay time is set; and the third logic circuit is used for sending the active short circuit control signal to the drive control module after receiving the enabling signal.
Optionally, the second fault signal may include an upper three-bridge fault signal or a lower three-bridge fault signal, where the upper three-bridge fault signal refers to a fault of an upper three-bridge switching tube and/or a fault of a high-side circuit corresponding to the upper three-bridge switching tube; the lower three-bridge fault signal refers to a fault of a lower three-bridge switching tube and/or a fault of a low-side circuit corresponding to the lower three-bridge switching tube.
The second logic circuit detects whether the second fault signal is an upper three-bridge fault signal or a lower three-bridge fault signal, and if the second fault signal is the upper three-bridge fault signal, S453 is performed; if it is the lower three-bridge fault signal, S455 is executed.
And S453, the second logic circuit controls the switching tubes of the upper three bridges of the driving control module to be switched off and controls the switching tubes of the lower three bridges to be switched on.
Optionally, the active short-circuit module may be configured to control the switching tubes of the upper three bridges of the driving control module to be turned off and control the switching tubes of the lower three bridges to be turned on when it is detected that the second fault signal sent by the driving fault detection module is the fault signal of the upper three bridges;
optionally, the second logic circuit may further include an upper three-bridge logic control circuit 122 and a lower three-bridge logic control circuit 121;
when the active short-circuit module detects that the second fault signal sent by the drive fault detection module is an upper three-bridge fault signal, the upper three-bridge logic control circuit 122 sends a disconnection signal of a switching tube of an upper three-bridge to the third logic circuit; the lower three-bridge logic control circuit 121 sends a closing signal of the switching tube of the lower three-bridge to the third logic circuit.
S454, the second logic circuit judges whether the second fault signal sent by the driving fault detection module is a lower three-bridge fault signal; if yes, go to S455; if not, go to step S456.
It should be noted that, in the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present invention, after the overvoltage detection module detects that a fault occurs, a default working state may be set, that is, a default lower three-bridge switching tube or a default upper three-bridge switching tube works, and then the fault detection module is driven to detect a fault type and send different fault signals.
The embodiment preferably sets the default lower three-bridge switching tube to operate, that is, when the overvoltage detection module detects that the power supply voltage of the motor exceeds the voltage threshold and/or the controller control software fails, the active short-circuit module controls the switching tube of the upper three-bridge of the drive control module to be switched off, and the switching tube of the lower three-bridge to be switched on.
Specifically, when the active short circuit module detects a first fault signal sent by the overvoltage detection module, the switching tubes of the upper three bridges of the drive control module are directly controlled to be switched off, and the switching tubes of the lower three bridges of the drive control module are switched on. Then, the driving fault detection module detects the fault type, if the fault is detected to be a lower three-bridge fault, S455 is executed, and an upper three-bridge active short circuit is implemented; if the fault is not the lower three-bridge fault, executing S456 to maintain the default lower three-bridge working state.
By setting a default working state, active short circuit can be realized at the first time when a fault occurs, and the damage of an overhigh counter potential to a power battery, a bus capacitor and other high-voltage devices caused by abnormal operation of a motor in the running process of a vehicle is avoided.
And S455, the second logic circuit controls the switching tubes of the lower three bridges of the driving control module to be switched off, and the switching tubes of the upper three bridges of the driving control module to be switched on.
The active short circuit module is used for controlling the switching tubes of the lower three bridges of the drive control module to be switched off and the switching tubes of the upper three bridges to be switched on when detecting that the second fault signal sent by the drive fault detection module is a lower three-bridge fault signal.
Specifically, when the active short-circuit module detects that the second fault signal sent by the drive fault detection module is a lower three-bridge fault signal, the upper three-bridge logic control circuit 122 sends a closing signal of a switching tube of the upper three-bridge to the third logic circuit; the lower three-bridge logic control circuit 121 sends an off signal of the switching tube of the lower three-bridge to the third logic circuit.
S456: the second logic circuit controls the switching tubes of the upper three bridges of the drive control module to be switched off and controls the switching tubes of the lower three bridges to be switched on.
Optionally, after S450, the method may further include:
s470, judging whether the motor power supply voltage is recovered to a preset range by the overvoltage detection module, and if so, executing S480; if not, executing S490 and maintaining the active short-circuit state of the active short-circuit module.
And S480, the active short-circuit module establishes connection between the controller and the drive control module and stops sending the active short-circuit control signal to the drive control module.
Optionally, the overvoltage detection module is further configured to send a fault repair completion signal to the active short-circuit module when it is detected that the power supply voltage of the motor is restored within a preset range; the active short circuit module is also used for establishing the connection between the controller and the drive control module and stopping sending the active short circuit control signal to the drive control module.
Specifically, after the active short circuit is executed, the overvoltage detection module can monitor the power supply voltage of the motor in real time, when the voltage is detected to be restored to a preset range, the motor can work normally, at the moment, the overvoltage detection module sends a fault repairing completion signal to the active short circuit module, the current state is reported to the controller, the controller can monitor and record the active short circuit, and a basis is provided for subsequent optimization of the motor controller. After the active short circuit module receives the fault repairing completion signal, the connection between the controller and the drive control module is reestablished, and the controller sends the PWM control signal again to control the on-off of the switch tube in the drive control module, so that the control of the motor is realized. Meanwhile, the active short circuit module stops sending the active short circuit control signal, so that the motor control circuit exits the active short circuit state.
According to the technical scheme provided by the fourth embodiment of the invention, when the overvoltage detection module detects that the power supply voltage of the motor exceeds a preset range and/or the controller control software fails, a first fault signal is sent to the active short-circuit module; the active short circuit module disconnects the controller from the drive control module, and sends an active short circuit control signal to the drive control module so as to adjust a switch tube in the drive control module, thereby controlling the motor to be in an active short circuit safety state, solving the problem that the motor cannot output safe torque after control software fails in the prior art, and further improving the driving safety. In addition, after the fault occurs, the connection between the controller and the drive control module is disconnected, so that the controller is not damaged, and the service life of the motor controller is prolonged.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An active short control circuit, comprising: the overvoltage detection module, the active short circuit module and the drive control module are connected with the power supply;
the driving control module comprises a plurality of switching tubes, and the switching tubes are used for adjusting the power supply voltage of the motor;
the overvoltage detection module is respectively electrically connected with the motor, the drive control module and the controller and is used for detecting the power supply voltage of the motor and the control software of the controller;
the overvoltage detection module is used for sending a first fault signal to the active short circuit module when the power supply voltage of the motor exceeds a preset range and/or the controller control software fails; the active short circuit module is used for disconnecting the connection between the controller and the drive control module and sending an active short circuit control signal to the drive control module.
2. The active short control circuit of claim 1, further comprising: a standby power supply;
the standby power supply is respectively electrically connected with the overvoltage detection module, the active short-circuit module and the drive control module and is used for supplying power to the overvoltage detection module, the active short-circuit module and the drive control module when the low-voltage power supply of the controller fails.
3. The active short control circuit of claim 1, further comprising: a drive failure detection module;
the driving fault detection module is used for detecting a switching tube of the driving control module; the driving fault detection module is electrically connected with the active short-circuit module and used for sending a second fault signal to the active short-circuit module when the switching tube fails; the active short circuit module is used for sending an active short circuit control signal to the drive control module.
4. The active short control circuit of claim 3, wherein:
the active short-circuit module is used for controlling the switching tubes of the upper three bridges of the drive control module to be switched off and controlling the switching tubes of the lower three bridges to be switched on when detecting that the second fault signal sent by the drive fault detection module is a fault signal of the upper three bridges;
the active short circuit module is used for controlling the switching tubes of the lower three bridges of the drive control module to be switched off and the switching tubes of the upper three bridges to be switched on when detecting that the second fault signal sent by the drive fault detection module is a lower three-bridge fault signal.
5. The active short control circuit of claim 1, wherein:
when the overvoltage detection module detects that the power supply voltage of the motor exceeds a voltage threshold and/or the controller control software fails, the active short circuit module controls the switching tubes of the upper three bridges of the drive control module to be switched off and the switching tubes of the lower three bridges of the drive control module to be switched on.
6. The active short control circuit of claim 3, wherein the active short module comprises: the circuit comprises a first logic circuit, a second logic circuit, a third logic circuit and a delay circuit;
the first logic circuit is respectively and electrically connected with the controller, the overvoltage detection module and the drive control module and is used for disconnecting the controller after receiving the first fault signal;
the second logic circuit is respectively electrically connected with the overvoltage detection module and the delay circuit, and is used for sending a delay control signal to the delay circuit after receiving the second fault signal and sending an active short circuit control signal to the third logic circuit; the delay circuit is used for sending an enable signal to the third logic circuit after the delay time is set;
and the third logic circuit is used for sending the active short circuit control signal to the drive control module after receiving the enabling signal.
7. The active short control circuit of claim 6 wherein the second logic circuit comprises an upper three-bridge logic control circuit and a lower three-bridge logic control circuit;
when the active short-circuit module detects that a second fault signal sent by the drive fault detection module is an upper three-bridge fault signal, the upper three-bridge logic control circuit sends a disconnection signal of a switching tube of an upper three-bridge to the third logic circuit; the lower three-bridge logic control circuit sends a closing signal of a switching tube of a lower three-bridge to the third logic circuit;
when the active short-circuit module detects that a second fault signal sent by the drive fault detection module is a lower three-bridge fault signal, the upper three-bridge logic control circuit sends a closing signal of a switching tube of an upper three-bridge to the third logic circuit; and the lower three-bridge logic control circuit sends a disconnection signal of a switching tube of the lower three-bridge to the third logic circuit.
8. The active short control circuit of claim 1,
the overvoltage detection module is also used for sending a fault repair completion signal to the active short circuit module when the condition that the power supply voltage of the motor is recovered to a preset range is detected; the active short circuit module is also used for establishing the connection between the controller and the drive control module and stopping sending the active short circuit control signal to the drive control module.
9. An active short circuit control method applied to the active short circuit control circuit of any one of claims 1 to 8, the active short circuit control method comprising:
step 1: judging whether the controller has a low-voltage power supply failure condition, if so, starting a backup power supply to enable the backup power supply to respectively supply power to the overvoltage detection module, the active short-circuit module and the drive control module, and then executing the step 2; if not, directly executing the step 2;
step 2: the overvoltage detection module detects whether the power supply voltage of the motor exceeds a preset range and/or the controller control software fails, and if yes, the step 3 is pointed to; if not, maintaining the original state of the controller;
and step 3: sending a first fault signal to an active short circuit module;
and 4, step 4: the active short circuit module disconnects the controller from the drive control module and sends an active short circuit control signal to the drive control module.
10. The active short-circuit control method of claim 9, wherein the active short-circuit module comprises: the circuit comprises a first logic circuit, a second logic circuit, a third logic circuit and a delay circuit; the step 4 comprises the following steps:
and 5: the first logic circuit is disconnected with the controller after receiving the first fault signal;
step 6: the second logic circuit judges whether a second fault signal sent by the driving fault detection module is an upper three-bridge fault signal; if yes, executing step 7; if not, executing the step 8;
and 7: the second logic circuit controls the switching tubes of the upper three bridges of the driving control module to be switched off and controls the switching tubes of the lower three bridges to be switched on;
and 8: the second logic circuit judges whether a second fault signal sent by the driving fault detection module is a lower three-bridge fault signal; if yes, executing step 9; if not, executing the step 10;
and step 9: the second logic circuit controls the switching tubes of the lower three bridges of the driving control module to be switched off and the switching tubes of the upper three bridges of the driving control module to be switched on;
step 10: the second logic circuit controls the switching tubes of the upper three bridges of the driving control module to be switched off and controls the switching tubes of the lower three bridges to be switched on;
after the step 4, the method further comprises the following steps:
step 11: the overvoltage detection module judges whether the power supply voltage of the motor is recovered to a preset range, and if so, the step 12 is executed; if not, maintaining the active short circuit state of the active short circuit module;
step 12: the active short circuit module establishes connection between the controller and the drive control module and stops sending an active short circuit control signal to the drive control module.
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| WO2024016759A1 (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2024-01-25 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Active short-circuit control circuit, device, method and system, and vehicle |
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| WO2024016759A1 (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2024-01-25 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Active short-circuit control circuit, device, method and system, and vehicle |
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