CN113358482A - Class rock material fracture toughness testing arrangement with test piece retrieves function - Google Patents
Class rock material fracture toughness testing arrangement with test piece retrieves function Download PDFInfo
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- CN113358482A CN113358482A CN202110684630.5A CN202110684630A CN113358482A CN 113358482 A CN113358482 A CN 113358482A CN 202110684630 A CN202110684630 A CN 202110684630A CN 113358482 A CN113358482 A CN 113358482A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0067—Fracture or rupture
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rock-like material fracture toughness testing device with a test piece recovery function, which comprises: the device comprises a base, a support frame, a support plate, a bracket and a force application hydraulic cylinder; still retrieve the mechanism including the test piece, the test piece is retrieved the mechanism and is included: first casing, first elevating system, the second casing, second elevating system, this scheme ingeniously holds first casing through first elevating system, make first casing can hold in the palm from the test piece lower part, then make its fracture part draw in gently gradually and resume whole straight state as far as possible, deuterogamy second elevating system drive second casing covers and establishes on test piece upper portion, make the test piece accomodate in the holding intracavity that first casing and second casing surround the formation, then can be through dismantling first locking piece and cooperation snap ring, with first casing, the second casing relatively fixed, in order to make things convenient for the follow-up manual work to take out the recovery, this scheme is implemented reliably, it is reliable to normal test no influence and retrieve, it is low to cause the secondary to damage possibility to the test piece.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material test piece recovery, in particular to a rock-like material fracture toughness testing device with a test piece recovery function.
Background
The rock-like fracture toughness test is used as a common test method in geological, exploration and other works, the rock fracture property is one of important references for designing a fracturing scheme, the fracture property of reservoir rock is generally obtained by testing under normal pressure in the conventional method, in the conventional scheme, a camera shooting device and a test device are mostly adopted to record a test process and a test result in combination with working parameters of the test device, however, the test of fracture toughness usually causes a test piece to be directly damaged, and in the equipment test resetting process and the process of taking out the test piece by bare hands, the test piece is usually subjected to secondary fracture or drop fracture due to the dead weight or the direct separation of a fracture part, so that the difficulty of recovering the test piece is high or the fracture state of the test piece during the test is difficult to maintain as much as possible after the test piece is recovered; the test piece recovery device has positive significance in recovering the test piece and keeping the state after the test as much as possible, the test piece can be further subjected to internal state characterization research, the test piece with poor recovery effect is often subjected to interference damage due to secondary damage, and fine research analysis is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a rock-like material fracture toughness testing device which is reliable in implementation, has no influence on normal test, is reliable in recovery, has low possibility of causing secondary damage to a test piece and has a test piece recovery function.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a rock-like material fracture toughness testing arrangement with test piece recovery function includes:
a base;
the supporting frame is fixed above the base through a supporting rod;
the supporting plate is fixedly arranged in the middle of the upper end face of the base;
the supports are a pair and are oppositely arranged on the upper end surface of the supporting plate, the upper ends of the supports are respectively used for supporting two ends of a test piece, and the test piece is of a columnar structure;
the force application hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the support frame, the driving end of the force application hydraulic cylinder faces downwards vertically and is opposite to the middle part of the test piece, a pressure head is connected to the driving end of the force application hydraulic cylinder, the pressure head is driven by the force application hydraulic cylinder to lift, and the pressure head is used for contacting with the test piece and providing pressure required by the test;
it still includes test piece recovery mechanism, test piece recovery mechanism include:
the first shell is arranged above the supporting plate in a lifting manner, a first profiling accommodating groove matched with the lower structure of the test piece is formed at the upper end of the first shell, and first avoidance grooves for the pair of supports to penetrate through are formed in the first shell corresponding to the pair of supports;
the first lifting mechanism is detachably connected with the first shell and is used for driving the first shell to lift along the direction close to or far away from the test piece;
the second shell is arranged above the support in a spanning manner in a lifting manner, a second profiling accommodating groove matched with the upper structure of the test piece is formed at the lower end of the second shell, and a first avoidance groove for the pressure head to penetrate through is formed in the second shell corresponding to the pressure head;
the second lifting mechanism is detachably connected with the second shell and is used for driving the second shell to vertically lift along the direction close to or far away from the first shell;
when the first shell rises to the lower part of the test piece and is contained in the first profiling containing groove, and the second shell descends to the upper part of the test piece and is contained in the second profiling containing groove, the test piece is clamped between the first shell and the second shell.
As a possible implementation, further, the scheme of the present invention further includes:
the first soft cushion is of an arc-shaped sheet structure made of transparent elastic materials, the arc-shaped outer convex surface of the first soft cushion is matched with the outline of the first profiling accommodating groove of the first shell in a fitting manner, and a separating layer for preventing the first soft cushion from being adhered to the first profiling accommodating groove is arranged between the arc-shaped outer convex surface of the first soft cushion and the first profiling accommodating groove of the first shell;
the second soft cushion is an arc-shaped sheet structure made of elastic materials, and the outer arc-shaped convex surface of the second soft cushion is matched with the outline of the second profiling accommodating groove of the second shell and is fixedly attached to the second profiling accommodating groove.
As a preferred alternative, preferably, the first cushion is made of elastic transparent gel material, and the separation layer is an oil film layer; the thickness of the first soft cushion is 2-5 mm;
the second soft cushion is a silica gel cushion; the thickness of the second cushion is 2 ~ 5 mm.
As a preferred alternative, it is preferable that the first elevating mechanism includes:
the main body of the first air cylinder is embedded on a base below the supporting plate, the base is correspondingly provided with a mounting groove for accommodating the first air cylinder, a piston rod of the first air cylinder vertically and upwards penetrates through the supporting plate, and the supporting plate is correspondingly provided with an avoiding hole for the piston rod to extend and retract;
the lower end of the bracket is fixedly connected with the tail end of a piston rod of the first air cylinder, the upper end surface of the bracket is provided with a copying bracket which is matched with the lower structure of the first shell and is used for supporting the middle part of the first shell, and the upper end of the supporting plate is provided with an avoidance sinking groove corresponding to the bracket;
wherein, the piston rod of first cylinder is flexible, and drive bracket holds first casing and goes up and down.
As a preferred optional embodiment, preferably, two ends of the first housing are respectively provided with a first connecting block, the first connecting block is provided with a first penetrating hole penetrating through the upper and lower end surfaces of the first connecting block, the second connecting block is provided with a second penetrating hole penetrating through the upper and lower end surfaces of the second connecting block, two ends of the second housing are respectively provided with a second connecting block, and the first penetrating holes of the first connecting block vertically face the second penetrating holes of the second connecting block one by one;
the second lifting mechanism comprises:
the first locking pieces are in a pair and correspond to the second connecting blocks at the two ends of the second shell one by one;
the lifting driving rod is of an inverted U-shaped structure, two ends of the lifting driving rod respectively penetrate through the supporting frame from the upper part of the supporting frame to the lower part of the supporting frame and are detachably connected with the pair of first locking pieces, a guide sliding groove correspondingly matched with two ends of the lifting driving rod is arranged on the supporting frame, and the guide sliding groove penetrates through the upper end face and the lower end face of the supporting frame;
the driving motor is fixed in the middle of the upper end of the supporting frame through a fixing frame, and the driving end of the driving motor is vertically upward and is provided with a screw rod;
the connecting threaded sleeve is fixed on the lifting driving rod and is in threaded connection with a screw of the driving motor, and the driving end of the driving motor drives the screw to rotate so that the connecting threaded sleeve drives the lifting driving rod to pull the first locking piece to lift;
the first locking piece and the second connecting block have a first state, and the first locking piece and the first connecting block have a second state;
in the first state, the first locking piece penetrates into the second penetrating hole of the second connecting block and is supported and matched with the second connecting block;
and in the second state, the upper end face of the first shell is attached to the lower end face of the second shell, and the first locking piece downwards penetrates through the second connecting block to be matched with the lower end face of the first connecting block of the first shell so as to support and hold the first shell and the second shell in a matching manner.
As a preferred alternative, it is preferable that the first locking member is a rod-shaped structure, one end of which is provided with a rectangular portion, and the rectangular portion is provided with a first mounting hole; two ends of the lifting driving rod are provided with rectangular mounting counter bores corresponding to the rectangular part of the first locking piece, and two sides of each rectangular mounting counter bore are provided with second mounting holes corresponding to the first mounting holes; the two ends of the lifting driving rod are also provided with bolt assemblies, each bolt assembly consists of a screw rod and a nut, the threaded end of each screw rod sequentially penetrates through the second mounting hole and the first mounting hole and is locked and fixed with the nut, and the first locking piece is detachably fixed on the lifting driving rod;
the other end of the first locking piece is of a conical structure, at least 3 accommodating sinking grooves are further formed in the part, close to the conical structure, of the first locking piece in an annular array mode, one ends, close to the conical structure, of the accommodating sinking grooves are rotatably connected with supporting plates, and the supporting plates can turn into the accommodating sinking grooves around the rotating connecting parts; the other end of the accommodating sinking groove is provided with a first pushing spring which is used for pushing the supporting plate overturned into the accommodating sinking groove out of the accommodating sinking groove;
the lower part of the second penetrating hole is provided with a flaring part, when the first locking piece and the second connecting block are in a first state, the end part of the conical structure of the first locking piece penetrates into the flaring part, and the supporting plate is pushed by the first pushing spring to turn out of the accommodating sinking groove, so that the other end of the supporting plate, which is far away from the rotating connecting part, is abutted against the flaring part, and the first shell is supported on the lifting driving rod by the pair of locking pieces;
when the first locking piece and the second connecting block are in the second state, the upper end face of the first shell is attached to the lower end face of the second shell, the other end, far away from the rotating connecting portion, of the supporting plate continues to overturn to the supporting plate to be perpendicular to the first locking piece under the action of gravity and inertia, the lower end face of the supporting plate is restrained and fixed by the edge of the containing sinking groove in an abutting mode, and the upper end face of the supporting plate and the first shell are restrained and fixed relatively to the second shell.
As a preferred optional embodiment, preferably, the number of the accommodating sunken grooves on the first locking piece is 4, and a plurality of annular restraining grooves with concave structures are further arranged at intervals on the part of the first locking piece close to the accommodating sunken grooves;
the lifting mechanism also comprises clamping rings which correspond to the first locking pieces one by one; the snap ring is detachably connected to one of the annular restraining grooves of the first locking piece.
As a preferred selection implementation mode, it is preferred that, the tip both sides that the heavy groove of holding has a toper structure near first locking piece are equipped with the rotation spread groove, the support board rotates with the rotation spread groove through rotating coupling assembling and is connected, it wears to put the groove to be equipped with the third on the tip that the heavy groove of support board and holding rotated and is connected, rotation coupling assembling include:
the rotary connecting blocks are a pair and can be slidably arranged in the third penetrating groove in a penetrating way;
the second pushing spring is arranged in the third penetrating groove and is positioned between the pair of rotary connecting blocks;
when the second pushing spring is in a natural extension state, the end parts of the pair of rotating connecting blocks, which are far away from each other, penetrate into the rotating connecting grooves and are abutted against the rotating connecting grooves, and the end parts of the pair of rotating connecting blocks, which are close to each other, do not deviate from the third penetrating grooves.
As a preferred alternative, it is preferable that the first through hole is provided at an upper portion thereof with a first tapered guide portion; and a second conical guide part is arranged at the upper part of the second penetrating hole.
Based on the device scheme, the invention also provides a method for recovering a test piece after the fracture toughness test of the rock-like material, which comprises the device for testing the fracture toughness of the rock-like material with the test piece recovery function, wherein the recovery method comprises the following steps:
s01, placing the middle part of the first shell on the driving end of the first lifting mechanism, and adjusting the height of the first shell to be lower than the supporting height of the pair of supports and lower than the bending fracture sinking position of the expected test piece;
s02, matching the second connecting blocks at the two ends of the second shell with the first locking pieces of the second lifting mechanism, enabling the first locking pieces to upwards support the second shell, and enabling the second shell to be vertically opposite to the first shell;
s03, loading the test piece on the pair of supports, adjusting the test piece to a preset test position, controlling the driving pressure head of the force application hydraulic cylinder to press the test piece downwards, simultaneously recording test process parameters and results according to a preset plan, and controlling the driving pressure head of the force application hydraulic cylinder to reset after the test is finished;
s04, the first lifting mechanism drives the first shell to ascend, so that the first profiling accommodating groove of the first shell is in contact with and supports the test piece, and meanwhile, the first shell is continuously driven to ascend until the bottom of the first profiling accommodating cavity of the first shell is level with a virtual horizontal line formed by connecting the tops of the pair of supports, the first shell is driven to ascend, and a bending part formed during test of the test piece is reversely supported and leveled;
s05, the second lifting mechanism drives the second shell to descend, so that the lower end face of the second shell is attached to the upper end face of the first shell or a second profiling containing groove of the second shell covers the upper part of the test piece, when the second shell does not descend, the second lifting mechanism continues to descend, so that the first locking piece sequentially passes through the second penetrating hole and the first penetrating hole, until a supporting plate of the first locking piece is pushed by the first pushing spring to turn out of the containing sink groove, and the other end of the supporting plate, far away from the rotating connecting part, of the supporting plate continues to turn over until the supporting plate is perpendicular to the first locking piece under the action of gravity and inertia, the second lifting mechanism stops working and then ascends, so that the second lifting mechanism stops working after the upper end face of the supporting plate after turning over is attached to the lower end face of the first connecting block;
s06, clamping a snap ring in an annular restraining groove of the first locking piece, which is closest to the upper end face of the second connecting block, so that the lower end of the first locking piece is restrained on the first connecting block and the second connecting block;
s07, the upper end of the first locking piece is disconnected and matched with the two ends of the lifting driving rod, and then the lifting driving rod of the second lifting mechanism is lifted and reset to separate the first locking piece from the lifting driving rod;
s08, smoothly taking out the first shell and the second shell together with the first locking piece;
s09, removing the snap ring connected to the first locking piece, and then pulling down the first locking piece to enable the first locking piece to be separated from the first connecting block and the second connecting block;
s10, opening the second shell upwards to separate, and then recording the appearance of the upper part of the test piece;
s11, taking a flexible pad to be attached to the upper part of the test piece, and slowly turning over and inverting the test piece and the first shell;
s12, opening the first shell upwards to separate the first shell from the first shell, enabling the first cushion to be continuously attached to the test piece, and then recording the appearance of the upper part of the test piece in the current state;
and S13, slightly peeling the first soft pad to complete the recovery of the test piece.
By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: in addition, the first cushion in the first shell and the second cushion in the second shell play a role in further elastic fixation and surface unevenness adaptation, so that the test piece can be more reliable and safer in the recovery process, meanwhile, the first locking piece of the scheme has a skillful structure and can be matched with the second shell and the first shell to generate two-section constraint, particularly, when the first shell and the second shell are matched, the limiting effect can be realized through the self-locking mode of the supporting plate at the lower end of the first locking piece, so that the first shell and the second shell can be relatively restrained and fixed by the matching of the first locking piece and the clamping ring, the structure of a test piece is favorably maintained, and the subsequent manual recovery work is facilitated.
Drawings
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the drawings and the detailed description:
FIG. 1 is one of the schematic structural views of a schematic implementation of the device of the present invention, in which one of the implementation states is shown;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic diagram of the apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, wherein the second embodiment is shown;
FIG. 3 is a third schematic diagram of a third simplified embodiment of the apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention, wherein the third embodiment is shown;
FIG. 4 is a fourth schematic diagram of the apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the fourth schematic diagram shows the fourth embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional structural perspective view of the first housing, second housing, first lock member and test piece of the apparatus of the present invention, wherein the first housing and second housing are not engaged;
FIG. 6 is a schematic three-dimensional structural perspective view of the first housing, second housing and first latch of the apparatus of the present invention, wherein the first housing and second housing are mated;
FIG. 7 is a schematic three-dimensional view of a first locking element of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a schematic sectional structure corresponding to the state shown in FIG. 5;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure at A in FIG. 8;
fig. 10 shows a schematic view of a schematic cut-away structure corresponding to the state shown in fig. 6;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing one of the briefly engaged states of the first locking member with the first and second connecting blocks;
FIG. 12 is a second schematic view of the first locking member in a second state of being engaged with the first and second connecting blocks;
fig. 13 is a sectional view of the supporting plate and the accommodating sink in a simple fit state.
Detailed Description
As shown in one of fig. 1 to 13, the device for testing fracture toughness of rock-like material with specimen recycling function of the present invention comprises:
a base 1;
the support frame 2 is fixed above the base 1 through a support rod 21;
the supporting plate 3 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the upper end face of the base 1;
the supports 4 are a pair and are oppositely arranged on the upper end face of the supporting plate 3, the upper end parts of the pair of supports 4 are respectively used for supporting two ends of a test piece 10, and the test piece 10 is of a columnar structure;
the force application hydraulic cylinder 5 is fixed on the support frame 2, the driving end of the force application hydraulic cylinder 5 is vertically downward and is opposite to the middle part of the test piece 10, the driving end of the force application hydraulic cylinder 5 is also connected with a pressure head 51, the pressure head 51 is driven by the force application hydraulic cylinder 5 to lift, and the pressure head 51 is used for being in contact with the test piece 10 and providing pressure required by the test; a prefabricated crack is arranged on one side of the middle part of the test piece 10, and the prefabricated crack faces downwards when two ends of the test piece 10 are respectively supported on the pair of brackets 4;
this scheme still includes the test piece and retrieves the mechanism, the test piece retrieve the mechanism and include:
the first shell 6 is arranged above the supporting plate 3 in a lifting manner, a first profiling accommodating groove 61 matched with the lower structure of the test piece 10 is formed at the upper end of the first shell 6, and a first avoidance groove 65 for the pair of supports 4 to pass through is formed in the first shell 6 corresponding to the pair of supports 4;
the first lifting mechanism is detachably connected with the first shell 6 and is used for driving the first shell 6 to lift along the direction close to or far away from the test piece 10;
the second shell 7 is arranged above the support 4 in a lifting and descending manner, a second profiling accommodating groove 71 matched with the upper structure of the test piece 10 is formed at the lower end of the second shell 7, and a first avoidance groove 65 for the pressure head 51 to pass through is formed in the second shell 7 corresponding to the pressure head 51;
the second lifting mechanism is detachably connected with the second shell 7 and is used for driving the second shell 7 to vertically lift along the direction close to or far away from the first shell 6;
when the first housing 6 is lifted to the lower portion of the test piece 10 and accommodated in the first profile accommodating groove 61, and the second housing 7 is lowered to the upper portion of the test piece 10 and accommodated in the second profile accommodating groove 71, the test piece 10 is clamped between the first housing 6 and the second housing 7.
In this embodiment, as a possible implementation manner, the present invention further includes:
the first cushion 62 is an arc-shaped sheet structure made of transparent elastic material, the arc-shaped outer convex surface of the first cushion 62 is matched with the first profiling accommodating groove 61 of the first shell 6 in a contour fitting manner, and a separation layer for preventing the first cushion 62 from being adhered to the first profiling accommodating groove 61 is further arranged between the arc-shaped outer convex surface of the first cushion 62 and the first profiling accommodating groove 61 of the first shell 6;
the second soft cushion 72 is an arc-shaped sheet-shaped structure made of an elastic material, and the outer arc-shaped convex surface of the second soft cushion is matched with the contour of the second profiling accommodating groove 71 of the second shell 7 and is fixedly attached to the second profiling accommodating groove; as a preferred alternative, the first cushion 62 is preferably a flexible transparent gel material, and the separating layer is an oil film layer; the thickness of the first cushion 62 is 2-5 mm;
the second soft cushion 72 is a silica gel cushion; the thickness of the second cushion 72 is 2-5 mm.
The first cushion 62 mainly functions to better fit a test fracture surface on the surface of the test piece 10 when the test piece 10 is supported and recovered upwards, and meanwhile, the first cushion 62 is additionally provided with a separating layer and is mainly used for peeling off along with the test piece 10 when the test piece 10 is taken down, so that the cracked part of the body of the lower part of the test piece 10 is prevented from falling or scattering, meanwhile, the first cushion 62 is made of a transparent material, so that the test piece 10 can be directly photographed or observed when the test piece 10 is taken down, without the assistance of the first cushion 62, and only by wrapping the first shell 6 and the second shell 7, when the first shell 6 and the second shell 7 are separated, the test piece 10 is directly cracked or the cracked part cannot be fixed in situ; and because the part usually the outward appearance can not appear damaging by a large scale on test piece 10, consequently, need not to carry out the later stage through elastic material and follow the parcel, so second cushion 72 only need fix and carry out adaptability parcel test piece 10 upper portion in second casing 7 can.
In this aspect, as a preferred alternative, it is preferable that the first elevating mechanism includes:
the main body of the first air cylinder 8 is embedded on the base 1 below the supporting plate 3, the base 1 is correspondingly provided with a mounting groove 11 for accommodating the first air cylinder 8, a piston rod of the first air cylinder 8 vertically and upwards penetrates through the supporting plate 3, and the supporting plate 3 is correspondingly provided with an avoiding hole for the piston rod to penetrate in a telescopic manner;
the lower end of the bracket 81 is fixedly connected with the tail end of a piston rod of the first air cylinder 8, the upper end surface of the bracket 81 is provided with a copying bracket which is matched with the lower structure of the first shell 6 and is used for supporting the middle part of the first shell 6, and the upper end of the supporting plate 3 is provided with an avoidance sinking groove 31 corresponding to the bracket 81;
wherein, the piston rod of the first cylinder 8 stretches out and draws back, and the driving bracket 81 holds the first shell 6 to go up and down.
In this scheme, as a preferred alternative embodiment, preferably, the two ends of the first housing 6 are respectively provided with a first connecting block 63, the first connecting block 63 is provided with a first penetrating hole 64 penetrating through the upper and lower end surfaces of the first connecting block, the second connecting block is provided with a second penetrating hole 74 penetrating through the upper and lower end surfaces of the second connecting block, the two ends of the second housing 7 are respectively provided with a second connecting block 73, and the first penetrating holes 64 of the first connecting block 63 vertically face the second penetrating holes 74 of the second connecting block 73 one by one;
the second lifting mechanism comprises:
the lifting driving rod 91 is of an inverted U-shaped structure, two ends of the lifting driving rod respectively penetrate through the supporting frame 2 from the upper part of the supporting frame 2 to the lower part of the supporting frame 2 and are detachably connected with the pair of first locking pieces 94, a guide sliding groove correspondingly matched with two ends of the lifting driving rod 91 is arranged on the supporting frame 2, and the guide sliding groove penetrates through the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the supporting frame 2;
the driving motor 9 is fixed in the middle of the upper end of the support frame 2 through a fixing frame, and the driving end of the driving motor is vertically upward and is provided with a screw 92;
the connecting threaded sleeve 93 is fixed on the lifting driving rod 91 and is in threaded connection with the screw 92 of the driving motor 9, and the driving end of the driving motor 9 drives the screw 92 to rotate, so that the connecting threaded sleeve 93 drives the lifting driving rod 91 to pull the first locking piece 94 to lift;
wherein the first locking member 94 and the second connecting block 73 have a first state, and the first locking member 94 and the first connecting block 63 have a second state;
in the first state, the first locking member 94 penetrates into the second penetrating hole 74 of the second connecting block 73 and is in supporting fit with the second connecting block 73;
in the second state, the upper end surface of the first housing 6 is attached to the lower end surface of the second housing 7, and the first locking member 94 downwardly penetrates through the second connecting block 73 to be matched with the lower end surface of the first connecting block 63 of the first housing 6, so as to support and match the first housing 6 and the second housing 7.
This scheme adopts the support to hold the cooperation and fix first casing 6, second casing 7, appears vibration, bad conditions such as pressurized and influences the cracked part in the test piece and takes place to shift when can avoiding the test piece to be promoted.
In this embodiment, as a preferred alternative, it is preferable that the first locking member 94 is a rod-shaped structure, and one end of the first locking member is provided with a rectangular portion 941 and the rectangular portion 941 is provided with a first mounting hole 942; two ends of the lifting driving rod 91 are provided with rectangular mounting counter bores 911 corresponding to the rectangular portions 941 of the first locking pieces 94, and two sides of each rectangular mounting counter bore 911 are provided with second mounting holes corresponding to the first mounting holes 942; the two ends of the lifting driving rod 91 are also provided with bolt assemblies, each bolt assembly comprises a connecting screw 912 and a nut 913, the threaded ends of the connecting screws 912 sequentially penetrate through the second mounting holes and the first mounting holes 942 and are locked and fixed with the nuts 913, and the first locking pieces 94 are detachably fixed on the lifting driving rod 91;
the other end of the first locking piece 94 is a conical structure 943, and the part of the first locking piece 94 close to the conical structure 943 is further provided with at least 3 accommodating sinking grooves 944 in an annular array, one end of each accommodating sinking groove 944 close to the conical structure 943 is rotatably connected with a supporting plate 945, and the supporting plate 945 can be turned into the accommodating sinking groove 944 around the rotating connection part; the other end of the accommodating sinking groove 944 is provided with a first pushing spring 946 (an installation sinking groove 9441 may be provided for auxiliary fixing and positioning), and the first pushing spring 946 is configured to push the supporting plate 945, which is turned into the accommodating sinking groove 944, out of the accommodating sinking groove 944;
the lower part of the second penetrating hole 74 is provided with an expanded part 741, and when the first locking member 94 and the second connecting block 73 are in the first state, the end of the conical structure 943 of the first locking member 94 penetrates into the expanded part 741, and the supporting plate 945 is pushed by the first pushing spring 946 to be turned out of the accommodating sinking groove 944, so that the other end of the supporting plate 945, which is far away from the rotary connecting part, is abutted against the expanded part 741, so that the first housing 6 is supported on the lifting driving rod 91 by the pair of locking members;
when the first locking piece 94 and the second connecting block 73 are in the second state, the upper end face of the first shell 6 is attached to the lower end face of the second shell 7, the other end of the supporting plate 945, which is far away from the rotating connecting part, continues to turn over to the supporting plate 945 to be perpendicular to the first locking piece 94 under the action of gravity and inertia, the lower end face of the supporting plate is abutted, restrained and fixed by the edge of the accommodating sinking groove 944, and the upper end face of the supporting plate is relatively restrained and fixed with the first shell 6 and the second shell 7.
In this scheme, the ingenious auto-lock cooperation of first locking piece 94 and first connecting block 63, second connecting block 73 can have practiced thrift manual intervention or other spare parts greatly and has carried out the needs of interfering, and first convenient the dismantlement of piece 94 from the lock in addition can avoid complicated operation and unnecessary human expenditure that brings.
When the first state of the first locking member 94 is switched to the second state, the first locking member 94 is driven by the lifting driving rod 91 to pass through the second penetrating hole 74 and the first penetrating hole 64 downward, when the first locking member 94 penetrates into the first penetrating hole 64, the supporting plate 945 is pushed by the edge of the first penetrating hole 64 to turn over into the accommodating sinking groove 944, when the first locking member 94 continues to penetrate to the edge of the first penetrating hole 64 and is released from the constraint of the supporting plate 945 in the accommodating sinking groove 944, the supporting plate 945 is pushed by the first pushing spring 946 to turn out of the accommodating sinking groove 944, the other end of the supporting plate 945, which is far away from the rotation connection part of the supporting plate, continues to turn over until the supporting plate 945 is perpendicular to the first locking member 94 by gravity and inertia, the turned lower end face is abutted and constrained by the edge of the accommodating sinking groove, and fixed, and the first shell 6 and the second shell 944 are relatively restrained and fixed.
In this embodiment, as a preferred alternative embodiment, it is preferable that the number of the accommodating sunken grooves 944 on the first locking member 94 is 4, and a plurality of annular restraining grooves 947 with a concave structure are further formed at intervals in a portion of the first locking member 94 close to the accommodating sunken grooves 944;
the lifting mechanism further comprises snap rings 9471 corresponding to the first locking pieces 94 one by one; the snap ring 9471 is removably attached to one of the annular restraining grooves 947 of the first locking member 94.
In this scheme, as a preferred alternative implementation, preferably, the end both sides that the heavy groove 944 of holding is close to first locking piece 94 and has toper structure 943 are equipped with and rotate connecting groove 9442, support board 945 rotates with rotation connecting groove 9442 through rotating the coupling assembling and be connected, support board 945 is equipped with the third on the end that heavy groove 944 of holding rotates to be connected and wears to put groove 9451, the rotation coupling assembling include:
a pair of rotary connecting blocks 9452 slidably inserted into the third insertion grooves 9451;
a second pushing spring 9453 disposed in the third through groove 9451 and between the pair of rotating connection blocks 9452;
when the pair of rotary connecting blocks 9452 move in the opposite direction to compress the second pushing spring 9453 to the maximum, the pair of rotary connecting blocks 9452 are all inserted into the third inserting groove 9451, and when the second pushing spring 9453 is in the natural extension state, the end portions of the pair of rotary connecting blocks 9452 far away from each other are inserted into the rotary connecting groove 9442 and abut against the rotary connecting groove 9442, and the end portions of the pair of rotary connecting blocks 9452 close to each other are not separated from the third inserting groove 9451.
As a preferred alternative, it is preferable that the first penetration hole 64 is provided at an upper portion thereof with a first tapered guide portion; a second tapered guide portion 742 is provided at an upper portion of the second insertion hole 74.
Based on the above device scheme, the present invention further provides a method for recovering a test piece 10 after a rock-like material fracture toughness test, which includes the above rock-like material fracture toughness test device with a test piece recovery function, and the recovery method includes:
s01, placing the middle part of the first shell 6 on the driving end of the first lifting mechanism, and adjusting the height of the first shell 6 to be lower than the supporting height of the pair of brackets 4 and lower than the bending fracture sinking position of the expected test piece 10;
s02, matching the second connecting blocks 73 at the two ends of the second casing 7 with the first locking pieces 94 of the second lifting mechanism, so that the first locking pieces 94 support the second casing 7 upwards, and the second casing 7 and the first casing 6 are opposite to each other vertically;
s03, loading the test piece 10 on the pair of supports 4, adjusting the test piece to a preset test position, controlling the driving pressure head 51 of the force application hydraulic cylinder 5 to press down the test piece 10, simultaneously recording test process parameters and results according to a preset plan, and controlling the driving pressure head 51 of the force application hydraulic cylinder 5 to reset after the test is finished;
s04, the first lifting mechanism drives the first shell 6 to ascend, so that the first profiling accommodating groove 61 of the first shell 6 contacts and supports the test piece 10, and meanwhile, the first shell 6 continues to ascend until the bottom of the first profiling accommodating cavity of the first shell 6 is level with a virtual horizontal line formed by connecting the tops of the pair of brackets 4, and the first shell 6 is driven to ascend, so that a bending part formed during the test of the test piece 10 is reversely supported;
s05, the second lifting mechanism drives the second housing 7 to descend, so that the lower end face of the second housing 7 is attached to the upper end face of the first housing 6 or the second profile modeling accommodating groove 71 of the second housing 7 covers the upper portion of the test piece 10, when the second housing 7 does not descend, the second lifting mechanism continues to descend, so that the first locking piece 94 sequentially passes through the second penetrating hole 74 and the first penetrating hole 64, until the supporting plate 945 of the first locking piece 94 is pushed by the first pushing spring 946 to turn out of the accommodating groove 944, and the other end of the supporting plate 945, which is far away from the rotation connection part, continues to turn over to be perpendicular to the supporting plate 945 and the first locking piece 94 under the action of gravity and inertia, the second lifting mechanism stops working, then ascends, so that the upper end face of the supporting plate 945 after turning over is attached to the lower end face of the first connection block 63, and then stops working of the second lifting mechanism;
s06, inserting the snap ring 9471 into the annular restraining groove 947 of the first locking member 94 closest to the upper end surface of the second connecting block 73, so that the lower end of the first locking member 94 is restrained to the first connecting block 63 and the second connecting block 73;
s07, disconnecting and matching the upper end of the first locking piece 94 with the two ends of the lift driving rod 91, and then lifting and resetting the lift driving rod 91 of the second lifting mechanism to separate the first locking piece 94 from the lift driving rod 91;
s08, smoothly taking out the first and second housings 6 and 7 together with the first lock 94;
s09, removing the snap ring 9471 connected to the first locking member 94, and then pulling down the first locking member 94 to disengage it from the first connecting block 63 and the second connecting block 73;
s10, opening the second shell 7 upwards to separate, and then recording the appearance of the upper part of the test piece 10;
s11, taking a flexible pad to be attached to the upper part of the test piece 10, and slowly turning over and inverting the test piece 10 and the first shell 6;
s12, opening the first shell 6 upwards to separate the first shell from the first shell, enabling the first cushion 62 to be continuously attached to the test piece 10, and then recording the appearance of the upper part of the test piece 10 in the current state;
and S13, slightly peeling the first soft pad 62 to finish the recovery of the test piece 10.
The foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, and equivalents, modifications, substitutions and variations such as will occur to those skilled in the art, which fall within the scope and spirit of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A rock-like material fracture toughness testing arrangement with test piece recovery function includes:
a base;
the supporting frame is fixed above the base through a supporting rod;
the supporting plate is fixedly arranged in the middle of the upper end face of the base;
the supports are a pair and are oppositely arranged on the upper end surface of the supporting plate, the upper ends of the supports are respectively used for supporting two ends of a test piece, and the test piece is of a columnar structure;
the force application hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the support frame, the driving end of the force application hydraulic cylinder faces downwards vertically and is opposite to the middle part of the test piece, a pressure head is connected to the driving end of the force application hydraulic cylinder, the pressure head is driven by the force application hydraulic cylinder to lift, and the pressure head is used for contacting with the test piece and providing pressure required by the test;
the method is characterized in that: it still includes test piece recovery mechanism, test piece recovery mechanism include:
the first shell is arranged above the supporting plate in a lifting manner, a first profiling accommodating groove matched with the lower structure of the test piece is formed at the upper end of the first shell, and first avoidance grooves for the pair of supports to penetrate through are formed in the first shell corresponding to the pair of supports;
the first lifting mechanism is detachably connected with the first shell and is used for driving the first shell to lift along the direction close to or far away from the test piece;
the second shell is arranged above the support in a spanning manner in a lifting manner, a second profiling accommodating groove matched with the upper structure of the test piece is formed at the lower end of the second shell, and a first avoidance groove for the pressure head to penetrate through is formed in the second shell corresponding to the pressure head;
the second lifting mechanism is detachably connected with the second shell and is used for driving the second shell to vertically lift along the direction close to or far away from the first shell;
when the first shell rises to the lower part of the test piece and is contained in the first profiling containing groove, and the second shell descends to the upper part of the test piece and is contained in the second profiling containing groove, the test piece is clamped between the first shell and the second shell.
2. The device for testing the fracture toughness of the rock-like material with the test piece recycling function according to claim 1, is characterized in that: it still includes:
the first soft cushion is of an arc-shaped sheet structure made of transparent elastic materials, the arc-shaped outer convex surface of the first soft cushion is matched with the outline of the first profiling accommodating groove of the first shell in a fitting manner, and a separating layer for preventing the first soft cushion from being adhered to the first profiling accommodating groove is arranged between the arc-shaped outer convex surface of the first soft cushion and the first profiling accommodating groove of the first shell;
the second soft cushion is an arc-shaped sheet structure made of elastic materials, and the outer arc-shaped convex surface of the second soft cushion is matched with the outline of the second profiling accommodating groove of the second shell and is fixedly attached to the second profiling accommodating groove.
3. The device for testing the fracture toughness of the rock-like material with the test piece recycling function according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the first cushion is made of elastic transparent gel material, and the separating layer is an oil film layer; the thickness of the first soft cushion is 2-5 mm;
the second soft cushion is a silica gel cushion; the thickness of the second cushion is 2 ~ 5 mm.
4. The device for testing the fracture toughness of the rock-like material with the test piece recycling function according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the first lifting mechanism includes:
the main body of the first air cylinder is embedded on a base below the supporting plate, the base is correspondingly provided with a mounting groove for accommodating the first air cylinder, a piston rod of the first air cylinder vertically and upwards penetrates through the supporting plate, and the supporting plate is correspondingly provided with an avoiding hole for the piston rod to extend and retract;
the lower end of the bracket is fixedly connected with the tail end of a piston rod of the first air cylinder, the upper end surface of the bracket is provided with a copying bracket which is matched with the lower structure of the first shell and is used for supporting the middle part of the first shell, and the upper end of the supporting plate is provided with an avoidance sinking groove corresponding to the bracket;
wherein, the piston rod of first cylinder is flexible, and drive bracket holds first casing and goes up and down.
5. The device for testing the fracture toughness of the rock-like material with the test piece recycling function according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the two ends of the first shell are respectively provided with a first connecting block, the first connecting block is provided with a first penetrating hole penetrating through the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the first connecting block, the second connecting block is provided with a second penetrating hole penetrating through the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the second connecting block, the two ends of the second shell are respectively provided with a second connecting block, and the first penetrating holes of the first connecting block and the second penetrating holes of the second connecting block are vertically opposite to each other one by one;
the second lifting mechanism comprises:
the first locking pieces are in a pair and correspond to the second connecting blocks at the two ends of the second shell one by one;
the lifting driving rod is of an inverted U-shaped structure, two ends of the lifting driving rod respectively penetrate through the supporting frame from the upper part of the supporting frame to the lower part of the supporting frame and are detachably connected with the pair of first locking pieces, a guide sliding groove correspondingly matched with two ends of the lifting driving rod is arranged on the supporting frame, and the guide sliding groove penetrates through the upper end face and the lower end face of the supporting frame;
the driving motor is fixed in the middle of the upper end of the supporting frame through a fixing frame, and the driving end of the driving motor is vertically upward and is provided with a screw rod;
the connecting threaded sleeve is fixed on the lifting driving rod and is in threaded connection with a screw of the driving motor, and the driving end of the driving motor drives the screw to rotate so that the connecting threaded sleeve drives the lifting driving rod to pull the first locking piece to lift;
the first locking piece and the second connecting block have a first state, and the first locking piece and the first connecting block have a second state;
in the first state, the first locking piece penetrates into the second penetrating hole of the second connecting block and is supported and matched with the second connecting block;
and in the second state, the upper end face of the first shell is attached to the lower end face of the second shell, and the first locking piece downwards penetrates through the second connecting block to be matched with the lower end face of the first connecting block of the first shell so as to support and hold the first shell and the second shell in a matching manner.
6. The device for testing the fracture toughness of the rock-like material with the test piece recycling function according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the first locking piece is of a rod-shaped structure, one end of the first locking piece is provided with a rectangular part, and the rectangular part is provided with a first mounting hole; two ends of the lifting driving rod are provided with rectangular mounting counter bores corresponding to the rectangular part of the first locking piece, and two sides of each rectangular mounting counter bore are provided with second mounting holes corresponding to the first mounting holes; the two ends of the lifting driving rod are also provided with bolt assemblies, each bolt assembly consists of a screw rod and a nut, the threaded end of each screw rod sequentially penetrates through the second mounting hole and the first mounting hole and is locked and fixed with the nut, and the first locking piece is detachably fixed on the lifting driving rod;
the other end of the first locking piece is of a conical structure, at least 3 accommodating sinking grooves are further formed in the part, close to the conical structure, of the first locking piece in an annular array mode, one ends, close to the conical structure, of the accommodating sinking grooves are rotatably connected with supporting plates, and the supporting plates can turn into the accommodating sinking grooves around the rotating connecting parts; the other end of the accommodating sinking groove is provided with a first pushing spring which is used for pushing the supporting plate overturned into the accommodating sinking groove out of the accommodating sinking groove;
the lower part of the second penetrating hole is provided with a flaring part, when the first locking piece and the second connecting block are in a first state, the end part of the conical structure of the first locking piece penetrates into the flaring part, and the supporting plate is pushed by the first pushing spring to turn out of the accommodating sinking groove, so that the other end of the supporting plate, which is far away from the rotating connecting part, is abutted against the flaring part, and the first shell is supported on the lifting driving rod by the pair of locking pieces;
when the first locking piece and the second connecting block are in the second state, the upper end face of the first shell is attached to the lower end face of the second shell, the other end, far away from the rotating connecting portion, of the supporting plate continues to overturn to the supporting plate to be perpendicular to the first locking piece under the action of gravity and inertia, the lower end face of the supporting plate is restrained and fixed by the edge of the containing sinking groove in an abutting mode, and the upper end face of the supporting plate and the first shell are restrained and fixed relatively to the second shell.
7. The device for testing the fracture toughness of the rock-like material with the test piece recycling function according to claim 6, wherein: the number of the accommodating sunken grooves on the first locking piece is 4, and a plurality of annular restraining grooves with concave structures are arranged at intervals on the part of the first locking piece close to the accommodating sunken grooves;
the lifting mechanism also comprises clamping rings which correspond to the first locking pieces one by one; the snap ring is detachably connected to one of the annular restraining grooves of the first locking piece.
8. The device for testing the fracture toughness of the rock-like material with the test piece recycling function according to claim 6, wherein: the heavy groove of holding is close the tip both sides that first locking piece has the toper structure and is equipped with the rotation spread groove, hold in the palm and hold the board and rotate the spread groove through rotating coupling assembling and be connected, hold in the palm and be equipped with the third on the tip that board and the heavy groove of holding rotate to be connected and wear the groove, rotation coupling assembling include:
the rotary connecting blocks are a pair and can be slidably arranged in the third penetrating groove in a penetrating way;
the second pushing spring is arranged in the third penetrating groove and is positioned between the pair of rotary connecting blocks;
when the second pushing spring is in a natural extension state, the end parts of the pair of rotating connecting blocks, which are far away from each other, penetrate into the rotating connecting grooves and are abutted against the rotating connecting grooves, and the end parts of the pair of rotating connecting blocks, which are close to each other, do not deviate from the third penetrating grooves.
9. The device for testing the fracture toughness of the rock-like material with the test piece recycling function according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the upper part of the first penetrating hole is provided with a first conical guide part; and a second conical guide part is arranged at the upper part of the second penetrating hole.
10. A method for recovering a test piece after fracture toughness test of a rock-like material, which is characterized by comprising the apparatus for fracture toughness test of a rock-like material with test piece recovering function of claim 9, wherein the recovering method comprises:
s01, placing the middle part of the first shell on the driving end of the first lifting mechanism, and adjusting the height of the first shell to be lower than the supporting height of the pair of supports and lower than the bending fracture sinking position of the expected test piece;
s02, matching the second connecting blocks at the two ends of the second shell with the first locking pieces of the second lifting mechanism, enabling the first locking pieces to upwards support the second shell, and enabling the second shell to be vertically opposite to the first shell;
s03, loading the test piece on the pair of supports, adjusting the test piece to a preset test position, controlling the driving pressure head of the force application hydraulic cylinder to press the test piece downwards, simultaneously recording test process parameters and results according to a preset plan, and controlling the driving pressure head of the force application hydraulic cylinder to reset after the test is finished;
s04, the first lifting mechanism drives the first shell to ascend, so that the first profiling accommodating groove of the first shell is in contact with and supports the test piece, and meanwhile, the first shell is continuously driven to ascend until the bottom of the first profiling accommodating cavity of the first shell is level with a virtual horizontal line formed by connecting the tops of the pair of supports, the first shell is driven to ascend, and a bending part formed during test of the test piece is reversely supported and leveled;
s05, the second lifting mechanism drives the second shell to descend, so that the lower end face of the second shell is attached to the upper end face of the first shell or a second profiling containing groove of the second shell covers the upper part of the test piece, when the second shell does not descend, the second lifting mechanism continues to descend, so that the first locking piece sequentially passes through the second penetrating hole and the first penetrating hole, until a supporting plate of the first locking piece is pushed by the first pushing spring to turn out of the containing sink groove, and the other end of the supporting plate, far away from the rotating connecting part, of the supporting plate continues to turn over until the supporting plate is perpendicular to the first locking piece under the action of gravity and inertia, the second lifting mechanism stops working and then ascends, so that the second lifting mechanism stops working after the upper end face of the supporting plate after turning over is attached to the lower end face of the first connecting block;
s06, clamping a snap ring in an annular restraining groove of the first locking piece, which is closest to the upper end face of the second connecting block, so that the lower end of the first locking piece is restrained on the first connecting block and the second connecting block;
s07, the upper end of the first locking piece is disconnected and matched with the two ends of the lifting driving rod, and then the lifting driving rod of the second lifting mechanism is lifted and reset to separate the first locking piece from the lifting driving rod;
s08, smoothly taking out the first shell and the second shell together with the first locking piece;
s09, removing the snap ring connected to the first locking piece, and then pulling down the first locking piece to enable the first locking piece to be separated from the first connecting block and the second connecting block;
s10, opening the second shell upwards to separate, and then recording the appearance of the upper part of the test piece;
s11, taking a flexible pad to be attached to the upper part of the test piece, and slowly turning over and inverting the test piece and the first shell;
s12, opening the first shell upwards to separate the first shell from the first shell, enabling the first cushion to be continuously attached to the test piece, and then recording the appearance of the upper part of the test piece in the current state;
and S13, slightly peeling the first soft pad to complete the recovery of the test piece.
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| 邱珍锋;王俊杰;胡骏峰;: "黏土Ⅰ型断裂韧度影响因素试验", 《水利水电科技进展》, no. 06, pages 90 - 93 * |
| 陈志闯;李伟兵;朱建军;王晓鸣;李文彬;: "40CrMnSiB钢圆柱壳体膨胀断裂中间状态回收试验研究", 《兵工学报》, no. 11, pages 60 - 67 * |
| 靳松洋;王俊杰;黄诗渊;陈祥彬;: "压实黏土抗拉强度测试新方法研究", 《人民长江》, no. 07, pages 216 - 221 * |
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