CN113357110B - Method and structure for reducing primary electron loss in miniature ion electric thruster - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for reducing the loss of primary electrons in a miniature ionic electric thruster, which comprises the steps of enabling an anode at a magnetic pole in a discharge chamber of the miniature ionic electric thruster to be a magnetic pole anode and enabling an anode at the magnetic pole in the discharge chamber of the miniature ionic electric thruster to be a non-magnetic pole anode; the magnetic pole anode and the non-magnetic pole anode are made independent of each other, and the potential of the magnetic pole anode is made lower than that of the non-magnetic pole anode. The structure for reducing the primary electron loss in the miniature ionic electric thruster comprises a first anode, a second anode, a third anode and a fourth anode which are sequentially and fixedly arranged on a discharge chamber of the miniature ionic electric thruster from bottom to top, wherein a first magnetic pole and a second magnetic pole are fixedly arranged on the discharge chamber of the miniature ionic electric thruster from top to bottom, a gap is arranged between the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole, the first magnetic pole and the fourth anode are level, and the second magnetic pole and the second anode are level. The invention can effectively reduce the loss of the original electrons at the magnetic pole.

Description

Method and structure for reducing primary electron loss in miniature ion electric thruster

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of miniature ion-electric thrusters, in particular to a method and structure for reducing primary electron loss in miniature ion-electric thrusters.

Background technique

The ion thruster ionizes the working fluid in the discharge chamber to generate plasma, and accelerates the ions in the plasma to generate thrust. The discharge chamber of the ion thruster includes three elements: the cathode, the magnetic field and the anode. During the discharge process, the cathode emits high-energy primary electrons into the discharge chamber. Anode movement, during this process, the primary electrons collide with the working substance atoms in the discharge chamber to generate two low-energy electrons and one ion, and the ions are accelerated to generate thrust, and the low-energy electrons and uncollided primary electrons are at the magnetic pole absorbed by the anode. For conventional ion thrusters, high-energy primary electrons can fully collide with neutral atoms, the discharge loss is small, and the efficiency of the thruster is high. For miniature ion thrusters, the space of the discharge chamber is small, and a large number of primary electrons are directly discharged in the ion thruster without collision. Loss at the magnetic poles, large discharge loss, low thruster efficiency, and overheating of the anode, resulting in demagnetization of the permanent magnet and destruction of the magnetic field of the discharge chamber.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and structure for reducing the loss of primary electrons in a miniature ion electric thruster, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art and reduce the loss of primary electrons at the magnetic poles.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following scheme:

The invention provides a method for reducing the loss of primary electrons in the miniature ion electric thruster. The anode at the magnetic pole in the discharge chamber of the miniature ion electric thruster is used as a magnetic pole anode, and the anode at the magnetic pole in the discharge chamber of the miniature ion electric thruster is The anode becomes a non-magnetic pole anode; the magnetic pole anode and the non-magnetic pole anode are independent from each other, and the potential of the magnetic pole anode is lower than that of the non-magnetic pole anode.

The present invention also provides a structure for reducing the original electron loss in the miniature ion-electric thruster for realizing the method for reducing the original electron loss in the miniature ion-electric thruster, including The first anode, the second anode, the third anode and the fourth anode on the discharge chamber, the discharge chamber of the miniature ion electric thruster are fixed with the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole from top to bottom, and the first magnetic pole and There is a space between the second magnetic poles, the first magnetic pole is level with the fourth anode, and the second magnetic pole is level with the second anode.

Preferably, the first anode, the second anode, the third anode and the fourth anode are all ring-shaped, and the second anode, the third anode and the fourth anode are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction. It is divided into four sections, and each end is fixedly connected with an ear piece. The side wall of the discharge chamber and the side wall of the magnetic shoe are provided with a square groove corresponding to any one of the ear pieces, and the ear piece passes through the Corresponding to the square groove; an insulating positioning support plate is provided on the side wall of the discharge chamber corresponding to any one of the tabs, and the positioning support plate is fixedly connected with the tabs.

Preferably, positioning holes are provided on the positioning support plate, mounting holes are provided on the lugs, and the mounting holes on the lugs are connected to the corresponding positioning holes on the positioning support plate through bolts.

Preferably, the material of the positioning support plate is insulating ceramics.

Preferably, it also includes two regulating power supplies and a main discharge power supply, the cathode in the miniature ion electric thruster is electrically connected to the negative pole of the main discharge power supply, and the first anode and the third anode are respectively connected to the The positive pole of the main discharge power supply is electrically connected; the second anode is electrically connected to the negative pole of one of the regulated power supplies, the fourth anode is electrically connected to the negative pole of the other said regulated power supply, and the positive poles of the two said regulated power supplies respectively electrically connected to the positive pole of the main discharge power supply.

Preferably, it also includes three discharge power supplies, the negative poles of the three discharge power supplies are connected in series with the cathodes in the miniature ion electric thruster, and the first anode and the third anode are connected to the same anode respectively. The positive pole of the discharge power supply is electrically connected, the second anode is electrically connected to the positive pole of another discharge power supply, and the fourth anode is electrically connected to the positive pole of another discharge power supply.

Preferably, it also includes two regulating power supplies and a main discharge power supply, the cathode in the miniature ion electric thruster is electrically connected to the negative pole of the main discharge power supply, and the first anode and the third anode are connected to the same The positive pole of the regulated power supply is electrically connected; the second anode is electrically connected to the positive pole of the main discharge power supply, the fourth anode is electrically connected to the positive pole of another regulated power supply, and the negative poles of the two regulated power supplies respectively electrically connected to the positive pole of the main discharge power supply.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

The method and structure for reducing the loss of primary electrons in the miniature ion electric thruster of the present invention can effectively reduce the loss of primary electrons at the magnetic poles. The method and structure for reducing the loss of primary electrons in the miniature ion electric thruster of the present invention make the potential of the anode at the magnetic pole adjustable, and by making the potential of the magnetic pole anode lower than the potential of the non-magnetic pole anode, it can effectively prevent high-energy primary electrons from moving to the magnetic pole Movement, increase the time for the original electrons to reside in the discharge chamber, suppress their loss in the anode, thereby reducing the discharge loss of the miniature ion electric thruster, improving the efficiency of the thruster, and eliminating the heat problem at the magnetic poles, ensuring the miniature ion electric thruster Normal operation of the thruster.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. Embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation one of the structure that the present invention reduces the original electronic loss in the miniature ion electric thruster;

Fig. 2 is the structure schematic diagram two of the structure reducing the original electron loss in the miniature ion electric thruster of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation three of the structure that the present invention reduces the original electronic loss in the miniature ion electric thruster;

Fig. 4 is the structure schematic diagram of the fourth anode in the structure that the present invention reduces the original electronic loss in the miniature ion electric thruster;

Fig. 5 is the structure schematic diagram of the third anode in the structure that the present invention reduces original electron loss in the miniature ion electric thruster;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the second anode in the structure of reducing the original electron loss in the miniature ion electric thruster of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the positioning support plate in the structure of reducing the original electron loss in the miniature ion electric thruster of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the circuit connection figure one of the structure that the present invention reduces the original electronic loss in the miniature ion electric thruster;

Fig. 9 is the circuit connection figure two of the structure that the present invention reduces the original electronic loss in the miniature ion electric thruster;

Fig. 10 is the circuit connection figure three of the structure reducing the original electronic loss in the miniature ion electric thruster of the present invention;

Among them: 100. The structure for reducing the primary electron loss in the miniature ion electric thruster; 1. The first anode; 2. The magnetic shoe; 3. The discharge chamber; 4. The bolt; 5. The nut; 6. The positioning support plate; 7. Two anodes; 8, the third anode; 9, the fourth anode; 10, the cathode; 11, the first magnetic pole; 12, the second magnetic pole; 14, the main discharge power supply; 15, the first regulation power supply; 16, the second regulation power supply ; 17, the first discharge power supply; 18, the second discharge power supply; 19, the third discharge power supply.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and structure for reducing the loss of primary electrons in a miniature ion electric thruster, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art and reduce the loss of primary electrons at the magnetic poles.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 to 7: this embodiment provides a method for reducing the loss of primary electrons in the miniature ion electric thruster, the anode at the magnetic pole in the discharge chamber 3 of the miniature ion electric thruster becomes the magnetic pole anode, and the miniature ion electric thruster The anode at the magnetic pole in the discharge chamber 3 of the ion electric thruster becomes a non-magnetic pole anode; the magnetic pole anode and the non-magnetic pole anode are independent from each other, and the potential of the magnetic pole anode is lower than that of the non-magnetic pole anode.

This embodiment also provides a structure 100 for reducing the original electron loss in the miniature ion-electric thruster for realizing the above-mentioned method for reducing the original electron loss in the miniature ion-electric thruster. The first anode 1, the second anode 7, the third anode 8 and the fourth anode 9 on the discharge chamber 3 of the device, and the discharge chamber 3 of the miniature ion electric thruster is fixed with the first magnetic pole 11 and the first magnetic pole 11 from top to bottom. Two magnetic poles 12, there is an interval between the first magnetic pole 11 and the second magnetic pole 12, the first magnetic pole 11 is flat with the fourth anode 9, and the second magnetic pole 12 is flat with the second anode 7; wherein, the fourth anode 9 is corresponding to the fourth anode 9 The magnetic pole anode of a magnetic pole 11, the second anode 7 is the magnetic pole anode corresponding to the second magnetic pole 12, the first anode 1 and the third anode 8 are non-magnetic pole anodes; the first anode 1 is equal to the inner diameter of the third anode 8, and the second anode 7 is equal to the inner diameter of the fourth anode 9, and the inner diameter of the first anode 1 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second anode 7.

The first anode 1, the second anode 7, the third anode 8 and the fourth anode 9 are all ring-shaped. For the convenience of installation, the second anode 7, the third anode 8 and the fourth anode 9 are all divided into four sections along the circumferential direction, and Each end is fixedly connected with an ear piece, and the side wall of the discharge chamber 3 and the side wall of the magnetic shoe 2 are provided with a square groove corresponding to any ear piece, and the ear piece passes through the corresponding square groove; the side wall of the discharge chamber 3 Corresponding to any ear piece on the wall, an insulating positioning support plate 6 is provided. The material of the positioning support plate 6 is insulating ceramics, and the positioning support plate 6 is fixedly connected with the ear piece. Specifically, the positioning support plate 6 is provided with positioning holes, and the lugs are provided with mounting holes. The mounting holes on the lugs are connected to the corresponding positioning holes on the positioning support plate 6 through bolts 4 , and the bolts 4 are fastened through nuts 5 .

In this embodiment, the structure 100 for reducing the primary electron loss in the miniature ion electric thruster has three schemes of circuit connection to make the potential of the magnetic pole anode lower than the potential of the non-magnetic pole anode, respectively as follows:

The first circuit connection scheme: as shown in Figure 8, the structure 100 of the present embodiment that reduces the original electron loss in the miniature ion electric thruster also includes two regulating power supplies and a main discharge power supply 14, and the two regulating power supplies are respectively the first Regulating power supply 15 and the second regulating power supply 16, the cathode 10 in the miniature ion electric thruster is electrically connected with the negative pole of main discharge power supply 14, and the first anode 1 and the third anode 8 are electrically connected with the positive pole of main discharge power supply 14 respectively; Two anodes 7 are electrically connected to the negative pole of the first regulated power supply 15, the fourth anode 9 is electrically connected to the negative pole of the second regulated power supply 16, and the positive pole of the first regulated power supply 15 and the positive pole of the second regulated power supply 16 are respectively connected to the main discharge power supply 14 positive electrical connection. When the miniature ion electric thruster discharges, the potential of the fourth anode 9 before the first magnetic pole 11 and the potential of the second anode 7 before the second magnetic pole 12 are equal to the voltage difference between the main discharge power supply 14 and the regulating power supply.

The second circuit connection scheme: as shown in Figure 9, the structure 100 of the present embodiment to reduce the original electron loss in the miniature ion electric thruster also includes three discharge power sources, which are respectively the first discharge power source 17, the second discharge power source 18 and The third discharge power source 19 . The negative poles of the first discharge power supply 17, the second discharge power supply 18 and the third discharge power supply 19 are connected in series with the cathode 10 in the miniature ion electric thruster, and the first anode 1 and the third anode 8 are respectively connected to the first discharge power supply 17 The positive pole of the second anode 7 is electrically connected to the positive pole of the second discharge power supply 18, and the fourth anode 9 is electrically connected to the positive pole of the third discharge power supply 19.

The third kind of circuit connection scheme: as shown in Figure 10, the structure 100 of this embodiment reducing the original electronic loss in the miniature ion electric thruster also includes two regulating power supplies and a main discharge power supply 14, and the two regulating power supplies are respectively the first Regulating power supply 15 and the second regulating power supply 16, the cathode 10 in the miniature ion electric thruster is electrically connected with the negative pole of main discharge power supply 14, and the first anode 1 and the third anode 8 are electrically connected with the positive pole of the first regulating power supply 15; Two anodes 7 are electrically connected to the positive pole of the main discharge power supply 14, the fourth anode 9 is electrically connected to the positive pole of the second regulating power supply 16, and the negative poles of the two regulating power supplies are electrically connected to the positive pole of the main discharging power supply 14 respectively; The power source 15 can increase the potential of the first anode 1 and the third anode 8 .

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer" and the like are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for It is convenient to describe the present invention and simplify the description, but does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In this description, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to this The idea of the invention will have changes in the specific implementation and scope of application. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A method for reducing the original electron loss in the miniature ion electric thruster is characterized in that: the anode corresponding to the magnetic pole in the discharge chamber of the miniature ion electric thruster is called the magnetic pole anode, and the discharge of the miniature ion electric thruster The anode of the magnetic pole that does not correspond to the magnetic pole in the chamber is called the non-magnetic pole anode; the discharge chamber of the miniature ion electric thruster is fixed with the first anode, the second anode, the third anode and the fourth anode in sequence from bottom to top, The discharge chamber of the miniature ion electric thruster is fixed with a first magnetic pole and a second magnetic pole from top to bottom, there is an interval between the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole, and the first magnetic pole is connected to the fourth magnetic pole. The anode is flat, the second magnetic pole is flat with the second anode, the fourth anode is the magnetic pole anode corresponding to the first magnetic pole, and the second anode is the magnetic pole anode corresponding to the second magnetic pole. The magnetic pole anode, the first anode and the third anode are the non-magnetic pole anodes; the magnetic pole anode and the non-magnetic pole anode are independent from each other, and the potential of the magnetic pole anode is lower than that of the non-magnetic pole anode potential. 2. A structure for reducing the original electron loss in the miniature ion-electric thruster for realizing the method for reducing the original electron loss in the miniature ion-electric thruster as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: it includes fixing from bottom to top The first anode, the second anode, the third anode and the fourth anode on the discharge chamber of the miniature ion electric thruster, the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole are fixed on the discharge chamber of the miniature ion electric thruster from top to bottom , there is a gap between the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole, the first magnetic pole is equal to the fourth anode, and the second magnetic pole is equal to the second anode. 3. The structure for reducing the original electron loss in the miniature ion electric thruster according to claim 2, characterized in that: the first anode, the second anode, the third anode and the fourth anode are all Ring-shaped, the second anode, the third anode and the fourth anode are divided into four sections along the circumferential direction, and each end is fixed with an ear piece, the side wall of the discharge chamber and the magnetic shoe The side walls are all provided with a square groove corresponding to any one of the ear pieces, and the ear pieces pass through the corresponding square groove; the side walls of the discharge chamber are provided with an insulating The positioning support plate, the positioning support plate is fixedly connected with the ear piece. 4. The structure for reducing the original electron loss in the miniature ion electric thruster according to claim 3, characterized in that: the positioning support plate is provided with a positioning hole, the lug is provided with a mounting hole, and the lug is provided with a mounting hole. The mounting holes are connected with the corresponding positioning holes on the positioning support plate by bolts. 5. The structure for reducing primary electron loss in the miniature ion electric thruster according to claim 3, characterized in that: the material of the positioning support plate is insulating ceramics. 6. The structure for reducing the original electron loss in the miniature ion electric thruster according to claim 3 is characterized in that: it also includes two regulating power supplies and a main discharge power supply, the cathode in the miniature ion electric thruster is connected to the The negative pole of the main discharge power supply is electrically connected, the first anode and the third anode are electrically connected to the positive pole of the main discharge power supply respectively; the second anode is electrically connected to a negative pole of the regulating power supply, and the The fourth anode is electrically connected to the negative pole of the other regulating power supply, and the positive poles of the two regulating power supplies are respectively electrically connected to the positive poles of the main discharge power supply. 7. The structure for reducing the original electron loss in the miniature ion electric thruster according to claim 3, characterized in that: it also includes three discharge power sources, and the negative poles of the three discharge power sources are connected in series with the miniature ion electric thruster. The cathode in the device is electrically connected, the first anode and the third anode are respectively electrically connected to the positive pole of the same discharge power supply, the second anode is electrically connected to the other positive pole of the discharge power supply, and the The fourth anode is electrically connected to the positive electrode of another discharge power supply. 8. The structure for reducing the original electron loss in the miniature ion electric thruster according to claim 3 is characterized in that: it also includes two regulating power supplies and a main discharge power supply, the cathode in the miniature ion electric thruster is connected to the The negative pole of the main discharge power supply is electrically connected, the first anode and the third anode are electrically connected to the same positive pole of the regulating power supply; the second anode is electrically connected to the positive pole of the main discharge power supply, and the The fourth anode is electrically connected to the positive pole of the other regulating power supply, and the negative poles of the two regulating power supplies are respectively electrically connected to the positive poles of the main discharge power supply.

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