CN113357110B - Method and structure for reducing primary electron loss in miniature ionic electric thruster - Google Patents
Method and structure for reducing primary electron loss in miniature ionic electric thruster Download PDFInfo
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- CN113357110B CN113357110B CN202110750065.8A CN202110750065A CN113357110B CN 113357110 B CN113357110 B CN 113357110B CN 202110750065 A CN202110750065 A CN 202110750065A CN 113357110 B CN113357110 B CN 113357110B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H—PRODUCING A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H1/00—Using plasma to produce a reactive propulsive thrust
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reducing the loss of primary electrons in a miniature ionic electric thruster, which comprises the steps of enabling an anode at a magnetic pole in a discharge chamber of the miniature ionic electric thruster to be a magnetic pole anode and enabling an anode at the magnetic pole in the discharge chamber of the miniature ionic electric thruster to be a non-magnetic pole anode; the magnetic pole anode and the non-magnetic pole anode are made independent of each other, and the potential of the magnetic pole anode is made lower than that of the non-magnetic pole anode. The structure for reducing the primary electron loss in the miniature ionic electric thruster comprises a first anode, a second anode, a third anode and a fourth anode which are sequentially and fixedly arranged on a discharge chamber of the miniature ionic electric thruster from bottom to top, wherein a first magnetic pole and a second magnetic pole are fixedly arranged on the discharge chamber of the miniature ionic electric thruster from top to bottom, a gap is arranged between the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole, the first magnetic pole and the fourth anode are level, and the second magnetic pole and the second anode are level. The invention can effectively reduce the loss of the original electrons at the magnetic pole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of miniature ionic electric thrusters, in particular to a method and a structure for reducing the loss of primary electrons in a miniature ionic electric thruster.
Background
The ion thruster ionizes working media in the discharge chamber to generate plasma, and accelerates ions in the plasma to generate thrust. The discharge chamber of the ion thruster comprises a cathode, a magnetic field and an anode, wherein in the discharge process, high-energy primary electrons are emitted into the discharge chamber from the cathode, the primary electrons are bound in the discharge chamber by the cusped magnetic field and move towards the anode under the acceleration of the electric field, in the process, the primary electrons collide with working medium atoms in the discharge chamber to be ionized to generate two low-energy electrons and one ion, the ion is accelerated to be sprayed out to generate thrust, and the low-energy electrons and the non-collided primary electrons are absorbed by the anode at a magnetic pole. For conventional ion thrustors, high-energy primary electrons can fully collide with neutral atoms, the discharge loss is small, the thrustor efficiency is high, and for miniature ion thrustors, the space of a discharge chamber is narrow, a large amount of primary electrons are directly lost at magnetic poles without collision, the discharge loss is large, the thrustor efficiency is low, and the anode is overheated, so that the permanent magnet is demagnetized, and the magnetic field of the discharge chamber is damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a method and structure for reducing the loss of primary electrons in a micro-ionic electric thruster, so as to solve the problems of the prior art and reduce the loss of the primary electrons at the magnetic pole.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a method for reducing the loss of primary electrons in a miniature ionic electric thruster, which comprises the steps of enabling an anode at a magnetic pole in a discharge chamber of the miniature ionic electric thruster to be a magnetic pole anode and enabling an anode at the magnetic pole in the discharge chamber of the miniature ionic electric thruster to be a non-magnetic pole anode; the magnetic pole anode and the non-magnetic pole anode are made independent of each other, and the electric potential of the magnetic pole anode is made lower than that of the non-magnetic pole anode.
The invention also provides a structure for reducing the primary electron loss in the micro ionic-electric thruster, which is used for realizing the method for reducing the primary electron loss in the micro ionic-electric thruster, and the structure comprises a first anode, a second anode, a third anode and a fourth anode which are fixedly arranged on a discharge chamber of the micro ionic-electric thruster from bottom to top in sequence, wherein a first magnetic pole and a second magnetic pole are fixedly arranged on the discharge chamber of the micro ionic-electric thruster from top to bottom, a gap is arranged between the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole, the first magnetic pole is flush with the fourth anode, and the second magnetic pole is flush with the second anode.
Preferably, the first anode, the second anode, the third anode and the fourth anode are all annular, the second anode, the third anode and the fourth anode are all equally divided into four sections along the circumferential direction, each end of each anode is fixedly connected with a lug, a square groove is arranged on the side wall of the discharge chamber and the side wall of the magnetic shoe corresponding to any lug, and the lug penetrates through the corresponding square groove; the side wall of the discharge chamber is provided with an insulated positioning support plate corresponding to any lug, and the positioning support plate is fixedly connected with the lug.
Preferably, the positioning support plate is provided with a positioning hole, the lug plate is provided with a mounting hole, and the mounting hole on the lug plate is connected with the corresponding positioning hole on the positioning support plate through a bolt.
Preferably, the material of the positioning support plate is insulating ceramic.
Preferably, the ion electric thruster further comprises two regulating power supplies and a main discharging power supply, wherein a cathode in the micro ion electric thruster is electrically connected with a negative electrode of the main discharging power supply, and the first anode and the third anode are respectively electrically connected with a positive electrode of the main discharging power supply; the second anode is electrically connected with the negative electrode of one of the adjusting power supplies, the fourth anode is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the other adjusting power supply, and the positive electrodes of the two adjusting power supplies are respectively electrically connected with the positive electrode of the main discharging power supply.
Preferably, the device further comprises three discharging power supplies, the negative electrodes of the three discharging power supplies are electrically connected with the cathode in the miniature ionic electric thruster after being connected in series, the first anode and the third anode are respectively electrically connected with the positive electrode of the same discharging power supply, the second anode is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the other discharging power supply, and the fourth anode is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the other discharging power supply.
Preferably, the ion electric thruster further comprises two regulating power supplies and a main discharging power supply, wherein a cathode in the micro ion electric thruster is electrically connected with a negative electrode of the main discharging power supply, and the first anode and the third anode are electrically connected with a positive electrode of the same regulating power supply; the second anode is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the main discharge power supply, the fourth anode is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the other regulating power supply, and the negative electrodes of the two regulating power supplies are respectively electrically connected with the positive electrode of the main discharge power supply.
Compared with the prior art, the invention achieves the following technical effects:
the method and the structure for reducing the loss of the primary electrons in the miniature ionic electric thruster can effectively reduce the loss of the primary electrons at the magnetic pole. The method and the structure for reducing the loss of the primary electrons in the miniature ionic electric thruster enable the potential of the anode at the magnetic pole to be adjustable, and can effectively prevent the high-energy primary electrons from moving to the magnetic pole by enabling the potential of the magnetic pole anode to be lower than the potential of the non-magnetic pole anode, improve the time of the primary electrons staying in a discharge chamber, and inhibit the loss of the primary electrons at the anode, so that the discharge loss of the miniature ionic electric thruster is reduced, the efficiency of the thruster is improved, the heat problem at the magnetic pole is eliminated, and the normal operation of the miniature ionic electric thruster is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a first structural diagram of the structure of the present invention for reducing the primary electron loss in a micro-ionic electric thruster;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a second structure of the present invention for reducing primary electron loss in a micro ionic electric thruster;
FIG. 3 is a third structural diagram of the structure of the present invention for reducing the primary electron loss in the micro ionic electric thruster;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fourth anode in the structure of reducing the primary electron loss in the micro-ionic electric thruster of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a third anode in the structure of reducing primary electron loss in the micro ionic electric thruster according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second anode in the structure of reducing primary electron loss in the micro-ionic electric thruster according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a positioning support plate in the structure of reducing primary electron loss in the micro-ionic electric thruster according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a first circuit diagram of the structure for reducing primary electron loss in the micro-ionic electric thruster according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention for reducing primary electron loss in a micro-ionic electric thruster;
FIG. 10 is a third circuit diagram of the structure for reducing the primary electron loss in the micro-ionic electric thruster of the present invention;
wherein: 100. the structure reduces the primary electron loss in the micro ionic electric thruster; 1. a first anode; 2. a magnetic shoe; 3. a discharge chamber; 4. a bolt; 5. a nut; 6. positioning the support plate; 7. a second anode; 8. a third anode; 9. a fourth anode; 10. a cathode; 11. a first magnetic pole; 12. a second magnetic pole; 14. a main discharge power supply; 15. a first regulated power supply; 16. a second regulated power supply; 17. a first discharge power supply; 18. a second discharge power supply; 19. and a third discharge power supply.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
The present invention provides a method and a structure for reducing the loss of primary electrons in a micro-ionic electric thruster, so as to solve the problems of the prior art and reduce the loss of the primary electrons at the magnetic pole.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description thereof.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7: the embodiment provides a method for reducing the loss of primary electrons in a miniature ionic electric thruster, wherein an anode at a magnetic pole in a discharge chamber 3 of the miniature ionic electric thruster is used as a magnetic pole anode, and an anode at the magnetic pole in the discharge chamber 3 of the miniature ionic electric thruster is used as a non-magnetic pole anode; the magnetic pole anode and the non-magnetic pole anode are made independent of each other, and the potential of the magnetic pole anode is made lower than that of the non-magnetic pole anode.
The embodiment also provides a structure 100 for reducing primary electron loss in the micro ionic-electric thruster for implementing the method for reducing primary electron loss in the micro ionic-electric thruster, which comprises a first anode 1, a second anode 7, a third anode 8 and a fourth anode 9 which are sequentially and fixedly arranged on a discharge chamber 3 of the micro ionic-electric thruster from bottom to top, wherein a first magnetic pole 11 and a second magnetic pole 12 are fixedly arranged on the discharge chamber 3 of the micro ionic-electric thruster from top to bottom, a gap is formed between the first magnetic pole 11 and the second magnetic pole 12, the first magnetic pole 11 and the fourth anode 9 are level, and the second magnetic pole 12 and the second anode 7 are level; the fourth anode 9 is a magnetic pole anode corresponding to the first magnetic pole 11, the second anode 7 is a magnetic pole anode corresponding to the second magnetic pole 12, and the first anode 1 and the third anode 8 are non-magnetic pole anodes; the first anode 1 and the third anode 8 have the same inner diameter, the second anode 7 and the fourth anode 9 have the same inner diameter, and the inner diameter of the first anode 1 is smaller than that of the second anode 7.
The first anode 1, the second anode 7, the third anode 8 and the fourth anode 9 are all annular, in order to facilitate installation, the second anode 7, the third anode 8 and the fourth anode 9 are all divided into four sections along the circumferential direction, each end of each section is fixedly connected with a lug, the side wall of the discharge chamber 3 and the side wall of the magnetic shoe 2 are respectively provided with a square groove corresponding to any lug, and the lugs penetrate through the corresponding square grooves; an insulating positioning support plate 6 is arranged on the side wall of the discharge chamber 3 corresponding to any lug piece, the positioning support plate 6 is made of insulating ceramic, and the positioning support plate 6 is fixedly connected with the lug piece. Specifically, the positioning support plate 6 is provided with a positioning hole, the lug plate is provided with a mounting hole, the mounting hole on the lug plate is connected with the positioning hole on the corresponding positioning support plate 6 through a bolt 4, and the bolt 4 is fastened through a nut 5.
In the structure 100 for reducing the primary electron loss in the micro ionic-electric thruster of the present embodiment, there are three schemes of circuit connection to make the potential of the magnetic pole anode lower than that of the non-magnetic pole anode, which are respectively as follows:
the first circuit connection scheme: as shown in fig. 8, the structure 100 for reducing primary electron loss in the micro ionic-electric thruster of the present embodiment further includes two regulated power supplies and a main discharge power supply 14, the two regulated power supplies are a first regulated power supply 15 and a second regulated power supply 16, respectively, a cathode 10 in the micro ionic-electric thruster is electrically connected to a negative electrode of the main discharge power supply 14, and a first anode 1 and a third anode 8 are electrically connected to a positive electrode of the main discharge power supply 14, respectively; the second anode 7 is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the first regulated power supply 15, the fourth anode 9 is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the second regulated power supply 16, and the positive electrode of the first regulated power supply 15 and the positive electrode of the second regulated power supply 16 are respectively electrically connected with the positive electrode of the main discharge power supply 14. When the micro ionic electric thruster discharges, the potential of the fourth anode 9 in front of the first magnetic pole 11 and the potential of the second anode 7 in front of the second magnetic pole 12 are equal to the difference between the voltage of the main discharge power supply 14 and the voltage of the regulating power supply.
The second circuit connection scheme: as shown in fig. 9, the structure 100 for reducing primary electron loss in the micro-ionic electric thruster of the present embodiment further includes three discharge power supplies, namely, a first discharge power supply 17, a second discharge power supply 18, and a third discharge power supply 19. The cathodes of the first discharge power supply 17, the second discharge power supply 18 and the third discharge power supply 19 are connected in series and then electrically connected with the cathode 10 in the micro ionic electric thruster, the first anode 1 and the third anode 8 are respectively electrically connected with the anode of the first discharge power supply 17, the second anode 7 is electrically connected with the anode of the second discharge power supply 18, and the fourth anode 9 is electrically connected with the anode of the third discharge power supply 19.
The third circuit connection scheme: as shown in fig. 10, the structure 100 for reducing primary electron loss in the micro ionic electric thruster of the present embodiment further includes two regulating power supplies and a main discharging power supply 14, the two regulating power supplies are a first regulating power supply 15 and a second regulating power supply 16, respectively, a cathode 10 in the micro ionic electric thruster is electrically connected to a negative electrode of the main discharging power supply 14, and a first anode 1 and a third anode 8 are electrically connected to a positive electrode of the first regulating power supply 15; the second anode 7 is electrically connected with the anode of the main discharge power supply 14, the fourth anode 9 is electrically connected with the anode of the second regulating power supply 16, and the cathodes of the two regulating power supplies are respectively electrically connected with the anode of the main discharge power supply 14; the potentials of the first anode 1 and the third anode 8 can be increased by adjusting the first adjusting power supply 15.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the foregoing, the description is not to be taken in a limiting sense.
Claims (8)
1. A method for reducing the loss of primary electrons in a miniature ionic electric thruster is characterized in that: the anode corresponding to the magnetic pole in the discharge chamber of the micro ionic electric thruster is called a magnetic pole anode, and the anode of the magnetic pole not corresponding to the magnetic pole in the discharge chamber of the micro ionic electric thruster is called a non-magnetic pole anode; a first anode, a second anode, a third anode and a fourth anode are fixedly arranged on a discharge chamber of the miniature ionic electric thruster from bottom to top in sequence, a first magnetic pole and a second magnetic pole are fixedly arranged on the discharge chamber of the miniature ionic electric thruster from top to bottom, a gap is formed between the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole, the first magnetic pole and the fourth anode are level, the second magnetic pole and the second anode are level, the fourth anode is the magnetic pole anode corresponding to the first magnetic pole, the second anode is the magnetic pole anode corresponding to the second magnetic pole, and the first anode and the third anode are non-magnetic pole anodes; the magnetic pole anode and the non-magnetic pole anode are made independent of each other, and the electric potential of the magnetic pole anode is made lower than that of the non-magnetic pole anode.
2. A structure for reducing primary electron loss in a micro ionic-electric thruster, which is used for implementing the method for reducing primary electron loss in a micro ionic-electric thruster of claim 1, wherein: the miniature ionic electric thruster comprises a first anode, a second anode, a third anode and a fourth anode which are fixedly arranged on a discharge chamber of the miniature ionic electric thruster from bottom to top in sequence, wherein a first magnetic pole and a second magnetic pole are fixedly arranged on the discharge chamber of the miniature ionic electric thruster from top to bottom, a gap is formed between the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole, the first magnetic pole and the fourth anode are kept level, and the second magnetic pole and the second anode are kept level.
3. The structure for reducing primary electron loss in a micro ionic-electric thruster of claim 2, wherein: the first anode, the second anode, the third anode and the fourth anode are all annular, the second anode, the third anode and the fourth anode are all divided into four sections along the circumferential direction, each end of each anode is fixedly connected with an ear piece, a square groove is formed in the side wall of the discharge chamber and the side wall of the magnetic shoe corresponding to any one ear piece, and the ear pieces penetrate through the corresponding square grooves; the side wall of the discharge chamber is provided with an insulated positioning support plate corresponding to any lug, and the positioning support plate is fixedly connected with the lug.
4. The structure for reducing primary electron loss in a micro ionic-electric thruster of claim 3, wherein: the positioning support plate is provided with positioning holes, the lug plate is provided with mounting holes, and the mounting holes in the lug plate are connected with the corresponding positioning holes in the positioning support plate through bolts.
5. The structure for reducing primary electron loss in a micro ionic electric thruster according to claim 3, wherein: the positioning support plate is made of insulating ceramics.
6. The structure for reducing primary electron loss in a micro ionic-electric thruster of claim 3, wherein: the micro ionic electric thruster is characterized by further comprising two regulating power supplies and a main discharging power supply, wherein a cathode in the micro ionic electric thruster is electrically connected with a negative electrode of the main discharging power supply, and the first anode and the third anode are respectively electrically connected with a positive electrode of the main discharging power supply; the second anode is electrically connected with the negative electrode of one of the adjusting power supplies, the fourth anode is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the other adjusting power supply, and the positive electrodes of the two adjusting power supplies are respectively electrically connected with the positive electrode of the main discharging power supply.
7. The structure for reducing primary electron loss in a micro ionic electric thruster according to claim 3, wherein: the miniature ionic electric thruster is characterized by further comprising three discharging power sources, wherein the negative electrodes of the three discharging power sources are electrically connected with the cathode in the miniature ionic electric thruster after being connected in series, the first anode and the third anode are respectively electrically connected with the same positive electrode of the discharging power source, the second anode is electrically connected with the other positive electrode of the discharging power source, and the fourth anode is electrically connected with the other positive electrode of the discharging power source.
8. The structure for reducing primary electron loss in a micro ionic electric thruster according to claim 3, wherein: the micro ionic electric thruster also comprises two regulating power supplies and a main discharging power supply, wherein a cathode in the micro ionic electric thruster is electrically connected with a negative electrode of the main discharging power supply, and the first anode and the third anode are electrically connected with a positive electrode of the same regulating power supply; the second anode is electrically connected with the anode of the main discharge power supply, the fourth anode is electrically connected with the anode of the other adjusting power supply, and the cathodes of the two adjusting power supplies are respectively electrically connected with the anode of the main discharge power supply.
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