CN113355150A

CN113355150A - Microemulsion cutting fluid and preparation method and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113355150A
Application number: CN202110703446.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 康士文; 康溪芮
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-06-24
Filing date: 2021-06-24
Publication date: 2021-09-07
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-24
Also published as: CN113355150B

Abstract

The invention provides a microemulsion cutting fluid and a preparation method and application thereof. The microemulsion cutting fluid is prepared by blending an oil phase and a water phase; wherein: the oil phase comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of base oil, 0-5 parts of extreme pressure agent, 3-6 parts of first emulsifier, 10-15 parts of oily antirust agent and 6-13 parts of second emulsifier; the water phase comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of water-based antirust agent, 0-3 parts of coupling agent, 0-6 parts of non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor, 0.01-0.05 part of defoaming agent and 25-40 parts of water. The microemulsion cutting fluid has the advantages of simple production process, comprehensive product functions and stable product quality, and can be simultaneously suitable for various materials and various processing technologies.

Description

Microemulsion cutting fluid and preparation method and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of metal processing, in particular to a micro-emulsion cutting fluid and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

The cutting fluid is an industrial fluid used for cooling and lubricating cutters and workpieces in metal cutting and grinding processes, and is generally compounded by a plurality of functional auxiliary agents. The cutting fluid can be divided into oil-based cutting fluid and water-based cutting fluid; the oil-based cutting fluid is prepared by compounding base oil with additives such as extreme pressure wear-resistant additives, lubricants, antirust agents, mildew-proof bactericides, cooling accelerators and the like in different proportions, and the water-based cutting fluid can be divided into emulsion, semisynthetic cutting fluid and fully synthetic cutting fluid according to different types of the base oil in the product, wherein the emulsion only takes mineral oil as the base oil, the semisynthetic cutting fluid contains both mineral oil and chemically synthetic base oil, and the fully synthetic cutting fluid only uses chemically synthetic base oil.

At present, the microemulsion cutting fluid products on the market are produced by more than ten single agents. For example, chinese patent publication No. CN107446681A discloses a microemulsion type water-soluble metal cutting fluid, which comprises: 5-40 wt.% base oil a; 3-10 wt.% surfactant B; 2-27 wt.% stabilizer C; 0.1-3 wt.% extreme pressure agent D; 0.1-5 wt.% of fungicide E; 0.5-3 wt.% of a metal antioxidant F; 1-3 wt.% defoamer H; 0.5-2 wt.% of anti-hard water agent G; 1-5 wt.% settling agent K; the balance of distilled water. However, most of the existing microemulsion cutting fluids have the defects of complex preparation process, difficult quality control, single product function, incapability of simultaneously adapting to various materials (ferrous metals and nonferrous metals) and various processing processes (light, medium and heavy load processing) and the like.

In view of this, the invention is particularly proposed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a microemulsion cutting fluid, a preparation method and application thereof, the microemulsion cutting fluid has simple production process, comprehensive product functions and stable product quality, and can be simultaneously suitable for various materials and various processing processes.

The invention provides a microemulsion cutting fluid, which is prepared by blending an oil phase and a water phase; wherein:

the oil phase comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of base oil, 0-5 parts of extreme pressure agent, 3-6 parts of first emulsifier, 10-15 parts of oily antirust agent and 6-13 parts of second emulsifier;

the water phase comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of water-based antirust agent, 0-3 parts of coupling agent, 0-6 parts of non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor, 0.01-0.05 part of defoaming agent and 25-40 parts of water.

In the present invention, the base oil may employ a naphthenic mineral oil; the naphthenic mineral oil has the viscosity of 10-15, has a carrier and a lubricating component of an oiliness additive, has an HLB value of 11.3, and has better emulsified oil stability than paraffin-based base oil.

In the present invention, as the extreme pressure agent, chlorinated paraffin, such as chlorinated paraffin T301, etc., which is mainly used for providing boundary lubrication and improving the machining accuracy and the machining efficiency of the workpiece, can be used.

In the present invention, the first emulsifier may include emulsifier A3-5 parts and emulsifier B0.1-1 part; wherein: the emulsifier A can be triethanolamine oleate, has the effects of emulsification, lubrication, rust prevention, cleaning and the like, has the HLB value of 12.2, is suitable for emulsifying naphthenic base oil, and provides a system with the PH value of more than 7.5 and certain alkali retention; the emulsifier B can be alcohol ether carboxylic acid ethanolamine salt, such as fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylic acid ethanolamine salt, the pH value of the emulsifier B is 8.66, the HLB value is 10, and the emulsifier B has excellent emulsification assisting capability, is matched with the emulsifier A to completely emulsify the naphthenic base oil, is suitable for emulsifying the naphthenic base oil, has moderate alkalinity, provides the pH value of a system to be more than 7.5 and certain alkali maintenance, simultaneously considers the requirements of the antirust property of ferrous metal and the corrosion resistance of nonferrous metal on the pH value, and has excellent hard water resistance (1 percent of addition amount, 1000ppm of hard water resistance, 3.5 percent of addition amount and 2500ppm of hard water resistance) and electrolyte resistance, and the stability of the emulsion can be maintained no matter whether the ferrous metal or the nonferrous metal is processed.

In the invention, the oily rust inhibitor can adopt the heavy alkylbenzene sulfonic acid ethanolamine salt, the molecular weight of the heavy alkylbenzene sulfonic acid ethanolamine salt is 430-450, the heavy alkylbenzene sulfonic acid ethanolamine salt is not only a rust inhibitor, but also a rust-proof anionic emulsifier, and the oily rust inhibitor has the advantages that: firstly, the antirust grade is high, the sodium petroleum sulfonate can be replaced, and the dosage is only half of that of the sodium petroleum sulfonate under the condition of the same antirust grade; ② has higher alkali value reserve capacity (9.47) and PH stability (1.9%), is helpful for antibiosis, anticorrosion and rust prevention; thirdly, the stain corrosion to aluminum and alloy thereof is low, and the leaching/corrosion to copper metal is far lower than that of other amine salts; fourthly, the rust resistance of ferrous metal and the corrosion resistance of nonferrous metal can be simultaneously considered; fifthly, the emulsion is used as an emulsifier (HLB is 10.6), the emulsification assisting capability is strong, and the emulsion stability is good.

In the invention, the second emulsifier comprises a nonionic emulsifier A5-10 parts and a nonionic emulsifier B1-3 parts; wherein: the nonionic emulsifier A can be octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether OP-10 which has emulsification effect with the emulsifier A and the emulsifier B; the nonionic emulsifier B can be sorbitan monooleate SP-80 which is cooperated with the emulsifier A and the emulsifier B to emulsify the base oil and simultaneously adjust the HLB value of the microemulsion.

In the invention, the water-based antirust agent comprises 0-10 parts of water-based antirust agent A, 5-10 parts of water-based antirust agent B and 0-10 parts of water-based antirust agent C; the water-based antirust agent A can be monoethanolamine borate, is mainly used as an antirust component of ferrous metal in the microemulsion cutting fluid system, and is used for improving the alkalinity of the system, sterilizing, preventing corrosion and serving as an extreme pressure anti-wear agent; the water-based antirust agent B can be diethanolamine borate, has excellent antirust, sterilization and antifriction effects, and simultaneously increases the alkali retentivity; the water-based antirust agent C can be monoethanolamine salt or triethanolamine salt of ternary organic acid, and has the advantages of thin antirust film, strong antirust capability and the like.

In the invention, the coupling agent can be Guerbet acid, the carbon chain length of the coupling agent can be 12, the molecular weight is 200, the wetting power to the metal surface is good, and the formula stability can be improved; the antirust agent is compounded with a water-based antirust agent A and a water-based antirust agent B, and the antirust grade is high at a low PH (PH 8.0) value; the capability of independently inhibiting the corrosion of nonferrous metals is high, especially in a low-pH environment; in addition, the corrosion inhibitor is compounded with a non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor A, and has corrosion inhibition capability on non-ferrous metals such as all types of aluminum and aluminum alloy, copper and the like.

In the invention, the non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor comprises at least one of a non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor A and a non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor B; wherein, the nonferrous metal corrosion inhibitor A can be a non-phosphorus aluminum corrosion inhibitor, and has high efficiency of inhibiting corrosion of aluminum alloys of different aluminum systems (AD12, L12, 6061 and 7075); the non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor B can be benzotriazole T706, which is a corrosion inhibitor for copper and copper alloy. In addition, the mass ratio of the nonferrous metal corrosion inhibitor A to the nonferrous metal corrosion inhibitor B in the nonferrous metal corrosion inhibitor can be (1-5): (0.1-1).

In the present invention, the defoaming agent may be a non-silicon type concentrated defoaming agent L5674, which has superior defoaming capability.

In the first embodiment of the invention, the microemulsion cutting fluid is prepared by blending an oil phase and a water phase; wherein:

the oil phase comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of base oil, 3-5 parts of emulsifier A, 1 part of emulsifier B, 15 parts of oily antirust agent, 8 parts of nonionic emulsifier A and 1-3 parts of nonionic emulsifier B.

The water phase comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of water-based antirust agent A, 5 parts of water-based antirust agent B, 0.01-0.05 part of defoaming agent and 30-40 parts of water.

The microemulsion cutting fluid of the first embodiment can be used for light and medium load processing of ferrous metals.

In the second embodiment of the invention, the microemulsion cutting fluid is prepared by blending an oil phase and a water phase; wherein:

the oil phase comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of base oil, 5 parts of extreme pressure agent, 3-5 parts of emulsifier A, 1 part of emulsifier B, 15 parts of oily antirust agent, 8 parts of nonionic emulsifier A and 1-3 parts of nonionic emulsifier B.

The water phase comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of water-based antirust agent A, 5-10 parts of water-based antirust agent B, 0.01-0.05 part of defoaming agent and 25-35 parts of water.

The microemulsion cutting fluid of the second embodiment can be used for ferrous metal heavy load processing technology.

In a third embodiment of the invention, the microemulsion cutting fluid is prepared by blending an oil phase and a water phase; wherein:

the oil phase comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of base oil, 5 parts of extreme pressure agent, 3-5 parts of emulsifier A, 0.1-1 part of emulsifier B, 10 parts of oily antirust agent, 5-10 parts of nonionic emulsifier A and 1-3 parts of nonionic emulsifier B.

The water phase comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of water-based antirust agent B, 5-10 parts of water-based antirust agent C, 1-3 parts of coupling agent, 1-5 parts of non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor A, 0.01-0.05 part of defoaming agent and 25-30 parts of water.

The microemulsion cutting fluid of the third embodiment can be used for various processing technologies (light, medium and heavy load processing) of aluminum and aluminum alloy.

In a fourth embodiment of the invention, the microemulsion cutting fluid is prepared by blending an oil phase and a water phase; wherein:

the oil phase comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of base oil, 3-5 parts of emulsifier A, 0.1-1 part of emulsifier B, 10 parts of oily antirust agent, 5-10 parts of nonionic emulsifier A and 1-3 parts of nonionic emulsifier B.

The water phase comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of water-based antirust agent B, 5-10 parts of water-based antirust agent C, 1-3 parts of coupling agent, 0.1-1.0 part of non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor B, 0.01-0.05 part of defoaming agent and 25-30 parts of water.

The microemulsion cutting fluid of the fourth embodiment can be used for various processing technologies (light, medium and heavy load processing) of copper and copper alloy.

In the fifth embodiment of the invention, the microemulsion cutting fluid is prepared by blending an oil phase and a water phase; wherein:

The water phase comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of water-based antirust agent B, 5-10 parts of water-based antirust agent C, 1-3 parts of coupling agent, 1-5 parts of non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor A, 0.1-1.0 part of non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor B, 0.01-0.05 part of defoaming agent and 25-30 parts of water.

The microemulsion cutting fluid of the fifth embodiment can be used for various processing technologies (light, medium and heavy load processing) of nonferrous metals such as aluminum, copper and aluminum alloy.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the microemulsion cutting fluid, which comprises the following steps:

sequentially adding the components in the oil phase into a reaction kettle according to the parts by weight, and uniformly stirring to obtain an oil phase;

under the condition of stirring, sequentially adding the components except water in the water phase into the oil phase according to the parts by weight, finally adding water, and uniformly stirring to obtain the microemulsion cutting fluid.

The preparation method can adopt a reaction kettle with a paddle type stirrer for preparation; during the preparation, the pressure can be normal pressure, the temperature can be 30-60 ℃, and the stirring speed can be 50-70r/min, such as 60 r/min. When preparing the oil phase, the stirring time can be 10-20 min; the water adding speed is not too fast and can be controlled within 10 min; the stirring time after the addition of the aqueous phase may be 25-35 min.

The invention also provides the application of the micro-emulsion cutting fluid in ferrous metal and/or nonferrous metal processing; specifically, the micro-emulsion cutting fluid can be diluted by 35-45 times of water to be directly used as a working fluid, or 1: (0.5-1.5) adding water to prepare the low oil-containing micro-emulsion cutting fluid, and the weight ratio of 1: (0.5-1.5) blending with base oil to prepare the high oil-containing micro-emulsified cutting fluid.

The microemulsion cutting fluid has simple production process, comprehensive product functions and stable product quality, and can simultaneously meet the requirements of light, medium and heavy load processing processes of ferrous metals, aluminum alloy, copper and other nonferrous metals.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms also include the plural forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, and further, it is understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The raw materials adopted by the embodiments of the invention are as follows:

base oil: naphthenic mineral oil with viscosity of 10-15 and HLB value of 11.3, which is purchased from Simpolo lubricating oil Co., Ltd;

extreme pressure agent: chlorinated paraffin T301, purchased from petrochemicals ltd, sandboom, jinzhou;

emulsifier A: triethanolamine oleate, with an HLB value of 12.2, available from McAb, McAb;

and (3) an emulsifier B: ethanolamine salts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylic acids having a PH of 8.66 and an HLB of 10, available from mega lubricating oil additives ltd, nj;

an oily rust inhibitor: the heavy alkylbenzene sulfonic acid alkanolamine salt with the molecular weight of 430-450 is purchased from Mega lubricating oil additives, Inc.;

nonionic emulsifier A: octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether OP-10, available from Tianjin Red Sun chemical Co., Ltd;

non-ionic emulsifier B: sorbitan monooleate SP-80, available from Liaoning Hongshan chemical Co., Ltd;

aqueous rust inhibitor A: monoethanolamine borate, available from jingzhou mega lubricant additives ltd;

and (3) water-based antirust agent B: diethanolamine borate ester, available from jingzhou mega lubricant additives ltd;

and (3) water-based antirust agent C: mono/triethanolamine salts of tribasic organic acids, available from jingzhou megalubricating oil additives ltd;

coupling agent: guerbet acid, carbon chain length 12, molecular weight 200, purchased from Shenyang double Cheng bioscience, Inc.;

non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor A: non-phosphorus aluminum corrosion inhibitors, available from Shanghai Hongze chemical Co., Ltd;

the color metal corrosion inhibitor B: benzotriazole T706 available from Nantong Kanghua electronic materials, Inc.;

defoaming agent: is a non-silicon type concentrated antifoaming agent L5674 which is purchased from Beijing benzene ring chemical Co.

Example 1

The microemulsion cutting fluid is prepared by blending an oil phase and a water phase; wherein:

the oil phase comprises the following components in parts by weight:

the water phase comprises the following components in parts by weight:

the preparation method of the microemulsion cutting fluid comprises the following steps:

according to the weight parts, firstly adding the oil phase components into a reaction kettle with a paddle type stirrer one by one, then starting a stirring paddle, controlling the pressure to be normal pressure, the temperature to be 40 ℃, the stirring speed to be 60r/min, and stirring for 10 minutes.

Under the condition of starting stirring, adding other components except water in the water phase components while stirring, and finally adding water, wherein the adding speed of the water is not too fast and the adding is controlled within 10 minutes; and stirring for 30 minutes after the oil phase and the water phase are completely added to obtain the microemulsion cutting fluid.

The microemulsion cutting fluid is mainly used for light and medium load processing technologies of grinding, turning, milling, planing and the like of cast iron and medium and low carbon material workpieces, and the antirust performance is a technical index of the processing technology with a high requirement; because the system does not contain a non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor, the system does not have the protection of corrosion inhibition capability on non-ferrous metals such as aluminum alloy, copper and the like.

The quality and processing effect of the microemulsion cutting fluid of this example are shown in table 1.

Example 2

the oil phase comprises the following components in parts by weight:

the water phase comprises the following components in parts by weight:

according to the weight parts, firstly adding the oil phase components into a reaction kettle with a paddle type stirrer one by one, then starting a stirring paddle, controlling the pressure to be normal pressure, the temperature to be 60 ℃, the stirring speed to be 60r/min, and stirring for 10 minutes.

The microemulsion cutting fluid is mainly used for machining processes of broaching, tapping, reaming heavy load and the like of workpieces made of high-carbon steel and hard alloy materials, and has extreme pressure property and antirust property which are technical indexes with important requirements of the machining processes; the antiwear property of this example was 4 times higher than that of example 1, and other properties such as rust inhibitive rating, which were the same as example 1, were all of grade 0.

Example 3

the oil phase comprises the following components in parts by weight:

the water phase comprises the following components in parts by weight:

according to the weight parts, firstly adding the oil phase components into a reaction kettle with a paddle type stirrer one by one, then starting a stirring paddle, controlling the pressure to be normal pressure, the temperature to be 30 ℃, the stirring speed to be 60r/min, and stirring for 10 minutes.

The microemulsion cutting fluid is mainly used for the middle and heavy load processing technologies of turning, tapping, reaming and the like of workpieces made of aluminum and aluminum alloy materials, and has excellent antirust property and non-ferrous metal slow release performance.

Example 4

the oil phase comprises the following components in parts by weight:

the water phase comprises the following components in parts by weight:

according to the weight parts, firstly adding the oil phase components into a reaction kettle with a paddle type stirrer one by one, then starting a stirring paddle, controlling the pressure to be normal pressure, the temperature to be 50 ℃, the stirring speed to be 60r/min, and stirring for 10 minutes.

The microemulsion cutting fluid is mainly used for various light, medium and heavy load processing technologies such as turning, milling and the like of copper workpieces, and has excellent corrosion protection capability on copper in the processing process due to the existence of a copper corrosion inhibitor; although the extreme pressure wear resistance is not high, the copper material is a material which is easy to process, so that the precision of a processed copper part is not greatly influenced.

Example 5

the oil phase comprises the following components in parts by weight:

the water phase comprises the following components in parts by weight:

The micro-emulsion cutting fluid is mainly used for medium and heavy load processing technologies such as turning, tapping, reaming and the like of workpieces made of copper, aluminum and aluminum alloy materials, and has excellent rust resistance of ferrous metals and slow release performance of nonferrous metals.

Comparative example 1

The comparison example adopts the conventional microemulsion cutting fluid as a comparison; the microemulsion cutting fluid of the comparative example had the following composition:

oil phase components:

water phase components:

the quality and processing effect of the microemulsion cutting fluid of the comparative example are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 quality and processing effect test results of each microemulsion cutting fluid

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microemulsion cutting fluid is characterized in that the microemulsion cutting fluid is prepared by blending an oil phase and a water phase; wherein:

2. The microemulsion cutting fluid of claim 1, wherein the base oil is a naphthenic mineral oil; the extreme pressure agent is chlorinated paraffin; the oily rust inhibitor is the alkanolamine salt of heavy alkylbenzene sulfonate.

3. The microemulsion cutting fluid of claim 1, wherein the first emulsifier comprises 3-5 parts of triethanolamine oleate salt and 0.1-1 part of ethanolamine alcohol ether carboxylate salt.

4. The microemulsion cutting fluid of claim 1, wherein the second emulsifier comprises 5-10 parts of octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and 1-3 parts of sorbitan monooleate.

5. The microemulsion cutting fluid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aqueous rust inhibitor comprises 0-10 parts of monoethanolamine borate, 5-10 parts of diethanolamine borate and 0-10 parts of monoethanolamine or triethanolamine salt of a ternary organic acid.

6. The microemulsion cutting fluid of claim 1, wherein the non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor is selected from at least one of a non-phosphorous aluminum corrosion inhibitor and benzotriazole; the mass ratio of the non-phosphorus aluminum corrosion inhibitor to the benzotriazole in the non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor is (1-5): (0.1-1).

7. The microemulsion cutting fluid of claim 1, wherein the coupling agent is a guerbet acid; the defoaming agent is a non-silicon type concentrated defoaming agent.

8. The method for preparing the microemulsion cutting fluid as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the steps of:

9. Use of the microemulsion cutting fluid of any one of claims 1-7 in ferrous and/or non-ferrous metal processing.

10. The use of claim 9, wherein the microemulsion cutting fluid is diluted with 35-45 times water, 1: (0.5-1.5) adding water and mixing or 1: (0.5-1.5) blending with base oil.