CN113354384B - Construction waste building material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Construction waste building material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113354384B
CN113354384B CN202110699194.9A CN202110699194A CN113354384B CN 113354384 B CN113354384 B CN 113354384B CN 202110699194 A CN202110699194 A CN 202110699194A CN 113354384 B CN113354384 B CN 113354384B
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China
Prior art keywords
construction waste
parts
building material
waste
building
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CN113354384A (en
Inventor
夏加庚
陈永亮
陈君宝
李傲君
王玲
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Yongzn Jiangsu Engineering Technology Co ltd
Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
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Yongzn Jiangsu Engineering Technology Co ltd
Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/24Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
    • C04B28/26Silicates of the alkali metals
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/20Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/30Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
    • C04B2201/32Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction waste building material and a preparation method thereof. The construction waste building material consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-75 parts of construction waste, 5-20 parts of silicon-aluminum correction material, 10-30 parts of quicklime, 0.1-2 parts of foaming agent and 50-70 parts of water glass solution. The invention uses the construction waste as the main raw material, solves the problems of land occupation, environmental pollution and resource waste caused by random stacking or burying of a large amount of construction waste, and achieves the aim of changing waste into valuables; meanwhile, the produced novel building material has the advantages of no cement addition, low cost, small natural maintenance energy consumption, high compressive strength, small dry density, good heat preservation performance and sound insulation performance, and can be widely popularized and used.

Description

Construction waste building material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a building waste material and a building material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the promotion of urban construction, the generation amount of building waste is increased to 40% of the urban household garbage discharge amount, and the method generally adopts simple open-air stacking, simple landfill and other treatment modes, so that a large amount of land, funds and manpower are consumed, and the phenomena of garbage 'surrounding city', dust flying, land pollution and the like are caused in the process of clearing and landfill, so that the ecological environment is seriously harmed, and the policy of 'secondary resource recycling' proposed by China is contrary. Therefore, "recycling of construction waste" becomes a significant subject, and is also a main way to solve the construction waste.
The aerated heat-insulating building block is a novel building material which is light, porous, heat-insulating, good in fireproof performance, nailable, sawable and planable, good in processing performance, easy to construct and suitable for filling walls of high-rise buildings and bearing walls of low-rise buildings. The self weight of the whole building can be reduced compared with the self weight of a common brick-concrete structure building by using the material, and the material is a novel building material widely applied in modern building engineering. The traditional aerated heat-insulating building block is a porous concrete product which is prepared by taking sand, fly ash, lime, silicate cement, gypsum, slag and the like as main raw materials, adding a proper amount of gas generating agent, regulator and bubble stabilizer, and carrying out the technological processes of proportioning and stirring, casting, standing, cutting, high-pressure steam curing and the like. In recent years, with the rapid development of the foundation construction of China, the consumption of building materials is huge, natural sand resources are gradually exhausted, and the excessive exploitation of the natural sand causes great pressure on the environment and ecology. The cement industry has high energy consumption, large pollution and high cement price. The fly ash and the slag are attractive because of better activity, and the fly ash and the slag are used for replacing or partially replacing sand and cement, so that the preparation of the aerated insulation block is a mature technology, the market demand of the aerated insulation block is continuously increasing, but the fly ash and the slag have the defect of uneven distribution of production places, and the transportation cost is increased for wide application of the aerated insulation block.
The current recycling of construction waste is mainly to recycle the crushed construction waste as aggregate in the construction industry, and a small amount of construction waste is reported to be used for producing aerated concrete thermal insulation blocks. He Bo the autoclaved aerated concrete block is prepared by using fly ash, building rubbish mixture, gypsum, lime and cement, and the obtained finished product meets the performance requirements of B06 and A5.0 level of autoclaved aerated concrete block (GB 11968-2006); the Zuhai Nadeem takes construction waste, fly ash, cement and the like as raw materials to prepare autoclaved aerated concrete, so as to obtain qualified finished products; zhang Chuntao an autoclaved aerated concrete block with siliceous materials as building rubbish sorting materials and a preparation method thereof (CN 106630880A) are disclosed. The current research is to replace raw material sand with building waste, and add active waste residues such as fly ash, etc. at the same time, and the material is prepared by adopting the traditional autoclaved technology, and has the defects of high raw material cost and high energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need to provide a construction waste building material and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems of high raw material cost and high energy consumption of the aerated concrete thermal insulation block in the prior art.
The first aspect of the invention provides a construction waste building material, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-75 parts of construction waste, 5-20 parts of silicon-aluminum correction material, 10-30 parts of quicklime, 0.1-2 parts of foaming agent and 50-70 parts of water glass solution.
The second aspect of the invention provides a method for producing a construction waste building material, comprising the steps of:
s1, uniformly mixing construction waste, silicon aluminum correction materials and quicklime, then adding a water glass solution, continuously stirring uniformly, then adding a foaming agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture;
s2, pouring the mixture into a mold, and performing high-temperature curing, demolding and room-temperature curing to obtain the building waste material building material.
The method for preparing the construction waste building material provided by the second aspect of the invention is used for preparing the construction waste building material provided by the first aspect of the invention.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention uses the construction waste as the main raw material, solves the problems of land occupation, environmental pollution and resource waste caused by random stacking or burying of a large amount of construction waste, and achieves the aim of changing waste into valuables; meanwhile, the produced novel building material has the advantages of no cement addition, low cost, small natural maintenance energy consumption, high compressive strength, small dry density, good heat preservation performance and sound insulation performance, and can be widely popularized and used.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The first aspect of the invention provides a construction waste building material, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-75 parts of construction waste, 5-20 parts of silicon-aluminum correction material, 10-30 parts of quicklime, 0.1-2 parts of foaming agent and 50-70 parts of water glass solution.
The invention takes the building waste material rich in silicon aluminum as the main raw material, and under the action of alkali excitant, the building waste material is subjected to a series of complex reactions: dissolving a silicon-aluminum raw material, depolymerizing an aluminum oxide tetrahedron and a silicon-oxygen tetrahedron, and polycondensing the aluminum oxide tetrahedron and the silicon-oxygen tetrahedron again to form a cementing material with a three-dimensional network structure to replace cement, adding auxiliary materials and a gas generating agent, and preparing the light heat-insulating building block by a room temperature curing mode. According to the invention, the silicon-aluminum ratio of the system is adjusted by adding the silicon-aluminum correction material, so that the compressive strength of the obtained building material is improved; according to the invention, an alkali environment is provided for the system by adopting the water glass solution, meanwhile, sodium silicate in the water glass can perform polycondensation reaction with aluminum oxide tetrahedron in the raw materials, so that the strength is improved, if the adding amount of the water glass is too small, the alkalinity is insufficient, the excitation is incomplete, the building material strength is low, and if the adding amount of the water glass is too large, excessive sodium ions react with carbon dioxide in the air to generate sodium carbonate, the alkali-reversing phenomenon can occur, and meanwhile, the strength is reduced. In the content range of the invention, the obtained building material has the highest strength.
In the embodiment, the particle size of the selected construction waste is smaller than 0.074mm, and the construction waste is obtained by crushing a large block of construction waste by a jaw crusher and a roller crusher, ball milling by a ball mill and sieving.
In the embodiment, siO in the selected construction waste is selected 2 The content of (3) is 55-65 wt%, al 2 O 3 The content of (2) is 11-30 wt%. The present invention is not limited to the specific kind of construction waste, and may be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual circumstances. For example, the construction waste may be one or more of waste concrete, waste mortar, waste bricks, waste ceramic sheets.
In the embodiment, the silicon aluminum correction material is one or two of sodium aluminate and metakaolin, and the grain diameter of the silicon aluminum correction material is smaller than 0.074mm. Further, siO in metakaolin 2 The content of (C) is 50-60 wt%, al 2 O 3 The content of (C) is 35-45 wt%.
In the embodiment, the effective calcium oxide content of the quicklime is more than 70%.
In the embodiment, the modulus of the water glass solution is 1-2, and the solid content is 34% -40%.
In this embodiment, the foaming agent is selected from one of hydrogen peroxide, aluminum powder and aluminum paste.
The second aspect of the invention provides a method for producing a construction waste building material, comprising the steps of:
s1, uniformly mixing construction waste, silicon aluminum correction materials and quicklime, then adding a water glass solution, continuously stirring uniformly, then adding a foaming agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture;
s2, pouring the mixture into a mold, and performing high-temperature curing, demolding and room-temperature curing to obtain the building waste material building material.
The method for preparing the construction waste building material provided by the second aspect of the invention is used for preparing the construction waste building material provided by the first aspect of the invention.
In this embodiment, the conditions for high temperature curing are: curing the mixture at the temperature of 40-65 ℃ for 4-8 hours; the conditions of room temperature curing are as follows: standing at room temperature for 28 days.
To avoid repetition, the raw materials used in the following examples and comparative examples of the present invention are summarized below:
SiO from construction waste 2 The content of (C) is 65wt%, al 2 O 3 The content of (2) is 11wt%, and the grain diameter is less than 0.074mm;
SiO in metakaolin 2 The content of (C) is 52.23wt%, al 2 O 3 The content of (2) is 44.15wt% and the grain diameter is less than 0.074mm;
sodium aluminate is produced by national drug group and is analytically pure;
quicklime is commercially available quicklime, and the effective calcium oxide content is more than 70%.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a construction waste building material, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
70g of construction waste, 10g of sodium aluminate, 15g of quicklime, 0.1g of aluminum paste and 65g of water glass solution; wherein, the modulus of the water glass is 1, and the solid content is 37%.
The construction waste building material is obtained through the following steps:
(1) Mixing construction waste, sodium aluminate and quicklime, mechanically stirring for 10 minutes, adding a water glass solution, mechanically stirring for 10 minutes, then adding aluminum paste, and mechanically stirring for 3 minutes to obtain a mixture;
(2) Pouring the mixture into a mold, curing for 6 hours in an oven at 65 ℃, taking out, demolding, and standing for 28 days at room temperature to obtain the building waste material and building materials.
The product obtained in this example has a dry density of 534.2kg/m 3 The compressive strength is 2.78MPa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.138W/m.K.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a construction waste building material, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
50g of construction waste, 20g of metakaolin, 20g of quicklime, 0.1g of aluminum paste and 65g of water glass solution; wherein the modulus of the water glass solution is 1.2, and the solid content is 35%.
The construction waste building material is obtained through the following steps:
(1) Mixing construction waste, metakaolin and quicklime, mechanically stirring for 10 minutes, adding water glass solution, continuously mechanically stirring for 15 minutes, and then adding aluminum paste for 2 minutes to obtain a mixture;
(2) Pouring the mixture into a mold, curing for 4 hours in an oven at 65 ℃, taking out, demolding, and standing for 28 days at room temperature to obtain the building waste material and building material.
The product obtained in this example has a dry density of 527.4kg/m 3 The compressive strength is 2.55MPa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.123W/m.K.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a construction waste building material, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
65g of construction waste, 15g of silicon aluminum correction material, 10g of quicklime, 0.15g of aluminum paste and 65g of water glass solution; wherein the silicon aluminum correction material is sodium aluminate and metakaolin with the mass ratio of 1: 2; the modulus of the water glass solution is 1, and the solid content is 37%.
The construction waste building material is obtained through the following steps:
(1) Mixing construction waste, sodium aluminate, metakaolin and quicklime, mechanically stirring for 15 minutes, adding water glass solution, continuously mechanically stirring for 10 minutes, then adding aluminum paste, and mechanically stirring for 5 minutes to obtain a mixture;
(2) Pouring the mixture into a mold, curing for 8 hours in a baking oven at 40 ℃, taking out, demolding, and standing for 28 days at room temperature to obtain the building waste material and building material.
The dry density of the product obtained was 519.1kg/m 3 The compressive strength is 2.51MPa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.120W/m.K.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a construction waste building material, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
45g of construction waste, 5g of sodium aluminate, 30g of quicklime, 2g of hydrogen peroxide and 50g of water glass solution; wherein, the modulus of the water glass solution is 1, and the solid content is 37%.
The construction waste building material is obtained through the following steps:
(1) Mixing construction waste, sodium aluminate and quicklime, mechanically stirring for 15 minutes, adding a water glass solution, continuously mechanically stirring for 10 minutes, then adding hydrogen peroxide, and mechanically stirring for 5 minutes to obtain a mixture;
(2) Pouring the mixture into a mold, curing for 8 hours in a baking oven at 40 ℃, taking out, demolding, and standing for 28 days at room temperature to obtain the building waste material and building material.
The dry density of the resulting product was 556.2kg/m 3 The compressive strength is 2.6MPa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.133W/m.K.
Comparative example 1
In comparison with example 1, no quicklime was added in comparative example 1, the remainder being identical to example 1.
The dry density of the resulting product was 762.3kg/m 3 The compressive strength is 1.3MPa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.192W/m.K.
Comparative example 2
In comparison with example 1, 40g of quicklime was added in comparative example 2, the remainder being identical to example 1.
The resulting product had a dry density of 506.3kg/m 3 The compressive strength is 1.8MPa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.113W/m.K.
Comparative example 3
In comparison with example 1, step (2) of comparative example 3 is specifically as follows:
pouring the mixture into a mold, standing for 28 days at room temperature, and demolding to obtain the building waste material.
The dry density of the resulting product was 679.8kg/m 3 The compressive strength is 2.2MPa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.172W/m.K.
Comparative example 4
The high temperature curing temperature in comparative example 4 was 80℃as compared with example 1, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
The dry density of the resulting product was 539.8kg/m 3 The compressive strength is 1.2MPa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.132W/m.K.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The preparation method of the building material from the construction waste is characterized by comprising the following steps:
uniformly mixing 45-75 parts by weight of construction waste, 5-20 parts by weight of silicon aluminum correction material and 10-30 parts by weight of quicklime, adding 50-70 parts by weight of water glass solution, continuously uniformly stirring, then adding 0.1-2 parts by weight of foaming agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture;
pouring the mixture into a mold, and performing high-temperature curing, demolding and room-temperature curing to obtain building waste materials and building materials;
wherein, siO in the construction waste material 2 The content of (3) is 55-65 wt%, al 2 O 3 The content of (2) is 11-30 wt%; the silicon-aluminum correction material is one or two of sodium aluminate and metakaolin; the particle size of the construction waste and the silicon aluminum correction material is smaller than 0.074mm; the modulus of the water glass solution is 1-2, and the solid content is 34% -40%; the conditions of high-temperature maintenance are as follows: curing temperature is 40-65 ℃ and curing time is 4-8 hours.
2. Construction waste construction according to claim 1A method for preparing the material is characterized in that SiO in metakaolin is prepared by 2 The content of (C) is 50-60 wt%, al 2 O 3 The content of (C) is 35-45 wt%.
3. The method for producing a construction waste material according to claim 1, wherein the calcium oxide content in the quicklime is more than 70%.
4. The method for preparing building materials from construction waste according to claim 1, wherein the foaming agent is one of hydrogen peroxide, aluminum powder or aluminum paste.
5. The method for preparing the construction waste building material according to claim 1, wherein the conditions for room temperature curing are: standing at room temperature for 28 days.
6. A construction waste building material characterized in that the construction waste building material is obtained by the construction waste building material preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
CN202110699194.9A 2021-06-23 2021-06-23 Construction waste building material and preparation method thereof Active CN113354384B (en)

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CN113354384B true CN113354384B (en) 2023-04-28

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Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102464497B (en) * 2010-11-05 2013-05-08 盐城工学院 Waste brick tile/straw foam concrete and preparation method thereof
CN106630880A (en) * 2017-01-17 2017-05-10 张春涛 Autoclaved aerated concrete blocks adopting sorted construction waste materials as all siliceous materials, as well as preparation method thereof

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