CN102701667B - Novel thermal-insulation high-strength mortar of rice hull - Google Patents
Novel thermal-insulation high-strength mortar of rice hull Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 propyl methyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009421 internal insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009422 external insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
新型稻壳保温高强砂浆。本发明涉及一种建筑工程技术领域的砂浆，主要用于内外墙保温。现有技术中可将建筑废料作为填料生产轻质建筑材料，但这仅能消耗少量的废料渣，远远满足不了资源重新再利用的要求。本发明提供的砂浆，包括以重量计普通硅酸盐水泥：12％-20％、粉煤灰：2％-3％、硅灰：1％-2％、水：30％-35％、稻壳：2％-3％、粉碎的建筑废料：30％-32％、重钙粉：3％-7％、可再分散性乳胶粉：0.3％-1％、纤维素醚：0.07％-0.12％。所得砂浆使用较多质量的建筑废料作为砂浆的骨料，其有着较高的强度和保温性能，减少了水泥的用量，并且能达到内外墙保温系统的理想强度标准，广泛使用于建筑墙体的保温砂浆。A new type of rice husk insulation high-strength mortar. The invention relates to a mortar in the technical field of construction engineering, which is mainly used for heat preservation of inner and outer walls. In the prior art, construction waste can be used as filler to produce lightweight building materials, but this only consumes a small amount of waste residue, which is far from meeting the requirements for resource reuse. The mortar provided by the invention comprises, by weight, ordinary Portland cement: 12%-20%, fly ash: 2%-3%, silica fume: 1%-2%, water: 30%-35%, rice Shell: 2%-3%, crushed construction waste: 30%-32%, heavy calcium powder: 3%-7%, redispersible latex powder: 0.3%-1%, cellulose ether: 0.07%-0.12 %. The resulting mortar uses more quality construction waste as the aggregate of the mortar, which has high strength and thermal insulation performance, reduces the amount of cement, and can reach the ideal strength standard of the internal and external wall thermal insulation system, and is widely used in building walls. Insulation mortar.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种建筑工程技术领域的砂浆，主要用于内外墙保温，属于建筑材料技术领域。The invention relates to a mortar in the technical field of construction engineering, which is mainly used for heat preservation of inner and outer walls, and belongs to the technical field of building materials.
背景技术Background technique
能源与环境是21世纪人类共同面临的两大难题，快速发展的中国问题尤其突出。目前，我国正处于工业化和城镇化快速发展阶段，工业的增长、城市化进程的加快、居民消费结构的升级，使得人们对能源、经济资源的需求加剧，能源紧缺问题日益突显，已严重影响和制约了我国经济社会的发展。我国现有的建筑面积400亿m2，并以每年15％-20％的速度递增，而建筑在建造和使用过程中直接消耗的能源占全社会总能耗的27.6％以上，并呈继续上升趋势。为此，我国政府已将建筑节能作为缓解我国能源紧缺矛盾、减轻环境污染、促进经济可持续发展的一项最直接、最廉价的措施，也是我国近一时期深化经济体制改革的一个重要组成部分。我国从1998年至今颁布了多项居住建筑和公共建筑节能设计标准，制定相对1980年建筑用能水平节能30％、50％到65％三步走的计划。随着节能政策的制定及实施，节能建筑发展迅速，作为建筑运转耗能最主要部位的建筑外围护结构也得到了长足的发展，形成外墙外保温、外墙内保温、夹心保温及自保温墙体体系。相对而言，对墙体表面直接涂刷保温砂浆形成外墙内外保温体系，施工简单，尤其旧城区建筑保温性能改造，内外墙涂刷保温砂浆在经济效益上优势更加明显。因此，建筑物内外墙采用涂刷保温砂浆以保温建筑物节能性能的方法更具有价值。Energy and the environment are two major problems faced by mankind in the 21st century, especially in the rapidly developing China. At present, my country is in the rapid development stage of industrialization and urbanization. The growth of industry, the acceleration of urbanization process, and the upgrading of residents' consumption structure have made people's demand for energy and economic resources intensified, and the problem of energy shortage has become increasingly prominent, which has seriously affected and Restricted my country's economic and social development. China's existing building area is 40 billion m 2 , and it is increasing at an annual rate of 15%-20%, while the energy directly consumed by buildings in the process of construction and use accounts for more than 27.6% of the total energy consumption of the whole society, and continues to rise trend. For this reason, the Chinese government has taken building energy conservation as the most direct and cheapest measure to alleviate the contradiction of energy shortage in our country, reduce environmental pollution, and promote sustainable economic development. It is also an important part of my country's deepening economic system reform in the recent period. . Since 1998, my country has promulgated a number of energy-saving design standards for residential buildings and public buildings, and formulated a three-step plan to save energy by 30%, 50% to 65% relative to the energy consumption level of buildings in 1980. With the formulation and implementation of energy-saving policies, energy-saving buildings have developed rapidly, and the building envelope structure, which is the most energy-consuming part of building operation, has also been greatly developed, forming external wall insulation, external wall internal insulation, sandwich insulation and self-contained insulation. Insulated wall system. Relatively speaking, directly coating the surface of the wall with thermal insulation mortar to form an internal and external thermal insulation system of the external wall is simple in construction, especially in the renovation of the thermal insulation performance of buildings in old urban areas, and the application of thermal insulation mortar on the internal and external walls has more obvious advantages in terms of economic benefits. Therefore, it is more valuable to use the method of painting thermal insulation mortar on the inner and outer walls of the building to keep the energy-saving performance of the building.
近年来我国的保温材料在建筑节能领域的应用取得了长足进展，之前大部分地区主要以膨胀聚苯板、挤塑聚苯板和发泡聚氨酯用于内外墙外保温。然而，由于有机保温材料达不到耐火要求而逐渐被淘汰。因此，研发新型，采用轻质细集料与水泥砂浆配制而成无机保温砂浆，受到了广泛的重视。一方面，本保温砂浆的主要原料利用大米生产加工主要副产物稻壳及加气混凝土废渣作轻集料。一般而言，农村的稻壳主要用于喂养家畜、焚烧和废弃，并未得到充分的利用。从稻壳本身的材料性质而言，其质量轻，表面具有许多孔洞，与水泥混合能在砂浆内部形成封闭孔洞，从而提高热阻。而且稻壳本身为植物纤维，对与提高砂浆力学性能大有裨益。而且我国目前大力倡导建筑节能减排，利用废弃物配制良好保温效果的保温砂浆，提高了农村地区的墙体保温性能在创造经济利益、社会效益的同时，也净化了环境，具有极佳的环境效益。另一方面，目前我国加气混凝土产生的废料渣块无法得到有效的处理，一般采取掩埋的方法，这对环境保护和资源利用都是不利的。虽然在现有技术中可将建筑废料作为填料生产轻质建筑材料，但这仅能消耗少量的废料渣，远远满足不了资源重新再利用的要求。本砂浆以建筑废料为主要原料之一，生产有良好保温性能的砂浆，不仅实现了建筑节能减排的要求，也实现了资源的有效再利用。In recent years, the application of thermal insulation materials in the field of building energy conservation in my country has made great progress. Before that, expanded polystyrene board, extruded polystyrene board and foamed polyurethane were mainly used for internal and external insulation in most areas. However, organic thermal insulation materials are gradually eliminated because they cannot meet the fire resistance requirements. Therefore, the development of a new type of inorganic thermal insulation mortar formulated with lightweight fine aggregate and cement mortar has received extensive attention. On the one hand, the main raw materials of the thermal insulation mortar use the main by-products of rice production and processing, rice husk and aerated concrete waste slag as light aggregates. Generally speaking, rice husks in rural areas are mainly used to feed livestock, burned and discarded, and have not been fully utilized. In terms of the material properties of the rice husk itself, it is light in weight and has many holes on the surface. When mixed with cement, it can form closed holes inside the mortar, thereby improving the thermal resistance. Moreover, the rice husk itself is a plant fiber, which is of great benefit to improving the mechanical properties of the mortar. Moreover, our country is currently vigorously advocating building energy conservation and emission reduction, using waste to prepare thermal insulation mortar with good thermal insulation effect, which improves the thermal insulation performance of walls in rural areas. While creating economic and social benefits, it also purifies the environment and has an excellent environment. benefit. On the other hand, at present, the waste slag produced by aerated concrete in our country cannot be effectively treated, and the method of burying is generally adopted, which is not good for environmental protection and resource utilization. Although construction waste can be used as filler in the prior art to produce lightweight building materials, this only consumes a small amount of waste residue, which is far from meeting the requirements for reutilization of resources. The mortar uses construction waste as one of the main raw materials to produce mortar with good thermal insulation performance, which not only meets the requirements of building energy saving and emission reduction, but also realizes the effective reuse of resources.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明涉及的技术问题是提供一种以稻壳为原料之一，并且能达到内外墙保温系统的理想强度标准，广泛使用于建筑墙体的保温砂浆。The technical problem involved in the invention is to provide a kind of heat-insulating mortar which uses rice husk as one of the raw materials and can reach the ideal strength standard of the heat-insulation system of the interior and exterior walls, and is widely used in building walls.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的保温砂浆各组分的质量分数如下：普通硅酸盐水泥：12％-20％、粉煤灰：2％-3％、硅灰：1％-2％、水：30％-35％、稻壳：2％-3％、粉碎的建筑废料：30％-32％、重钙粉：3％-7％、可再分散性乳胶粉：0.3％-1％、纤维素醚：0.07％-0.12％。其主要骨料组分的体积分数如下：稻壳：35％-50％，建筑废料：50％-65％。In order to solve the above technical problems, the mass fractions of the components of the thermal insulation mortar of the present invention are as follows: Ordinary Portland cement: 12%-20%, fly ash: 2%-3%, silica fume: 1%-2%, Water: 30%-35%, rice husk: 2%-3%, crushed construction waste: 30%-32%, heavy calcium powder: 3%-7%, redispersible latex powder: 0.3%-1% , Cellulose ether: 0.07%-0.12%. The volume fraction of its main aggregate components is as follows: rice husk: 35%-50%, construction waste: 50%-65%.
优选的水泥为普通硅酸盐水泥。A preferred cement is ordinary Portland cement.
优选的稻壳为人类日常生产所粉碎捣鼓所产生的稻壳。The preferred rice husk is the rice husk produced by the daily production of human beings by crushing and pounding.
优选的粉煤灰为火电厂煤燃烧后排出的主要固体废物主要氧化物组成为：SiO2、Al2O3、FeO、Fe2O3、CaO、TiO2等。The preferred fly ash is the main solid waste discharged after coal combustion in thermal power plants. The main oxide composition is: SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , FeO, Fe 2 O 3 , CaO, TiO 2 and so on.
优选的硅灰为工业冶炼硅铁合金和工业硅时产生的SiO2和Si气体，在空气中迅速氧化并冷凝而形成的一种超细硅质粉体材料。The preferred silica fume is an ultrafine siliceous powder material formed by rapid oxidation and condensation in the air of SiO2 and Si gas produced during industrial smelting of ferrosilicon alloy and industrial silicon.
优选的建筑废料为经破碎机破碎后形成的粒度为0.05-4.75mm的碎料渣。The preferred construction waste is slag with a particle size of 0.05-4.75mm formed after being crushed by a crusher.
优选的重钙粉为建筑行业中所用325目干粉砂浆用重质碳酸钙。Preferred heavy calcium powder is heavy calcium carbonate for 325 mesh dry powder mortar used in the construction industry.
优选的可再分散性乳胶粉为灰分含量为10±2％的可再分散性乳胶粉。A preferred redispersible latex powder is a redispersible latex powder with an ash content of 10±2%.
优选的纤维素醚为丙基甲基纤维素醚，是一种水溶性高分子材料。The preferred cellulose ether is propyl methyl cellulose ether, which is a water-soluble polymer material.
采用上述技术方案所产生的有益效果在于：The beneficial effects produced by adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme are:
1.容重轻，保温性能好，导热系数为0.13-0.18W／m·k。1. Light bulk density, good thermal insulation performance, thermal conductivity of 0.13-0.18W/m·k.
2.力学性能好，抗压、抗折强度较高。2. Good mechanical properties, high compressive and flexural strength.
3.体积稳定性好，不开裂、不空鼓。3. Good volume stability, no cracking, no hollowing.
4.粘结性能好，耐腐蚀、耐压磨。4. Good bonding performance, corrosion resistance, pressure wear resistance.
6.本保温砂浆充分利用日常生产中作为废弃物的稻壳，不仅变废为宝，实现了废物利用。并且充分发挥了稻壳本身的优点，做到物尽其用。6. This thermal insulation mortar makes full use of rice husks as waste in daily production, which not only turns waste into treasure, but also realizes the utilization of waste. And give full play to the advantages of the rice husk itself, so as to make the best use of everything.
7.本保温砂浆充分利用日常生产中难以处理的建筑废料，充分利用废弃资源，同时也保护了环境。7. This thermal insulation mortar makes full use of construction waste that is difficult to handle in daily production, makes full use of waste resources, and protects the environment at the same time.
8.生产成本低，且对人体无害，不污染环境，具有节能环保的特点。8. The production cost is low, and it is harmless to the human body, does not pollute the environment, and has the characteristics of energy saving and environmental protection.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细的说明。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
实施步骤Implementation steps
实施例1Example 1
采用标准的砂浆模型(70.7mm×70.7mm×70.7mm)进行成型。新型稻壳保温高强砂浆拌合物采用UJZ-15型砂浆搅拌机搅拌，按比例加入水泥、粉煤灰(粉煤灰＝水泥×0.2)、硅灰(硅灰＝水泥×0.08)、稻壳、粉碎的建筑废料、重钙粉(重钙粉＝水泥×0.3)、可再分散性乳胶粉(可再分散性乳胶粉＝水泥×0.004)、纤维素醚(纤维素醚＝水泥×0.0005)、水(水的用量＝建筑废料含水＋水泥用水量)，搅拌4～6min至拌和均匀。将拌和完毕的砂浆加入砂浆试模中，当填满砂浆标准模1／2时，机械振动1min，再将砂浆标准模装满砂浆，再机械振动1～2min，继续填充砂浆，刮平表面，装好砂浆模后，再机械振动1min。试块成型后在20℃下养护48h后脱模，放入标准养护室养护28天后测试强度。A standard mortar model (70.7mm×70.7mm×70.7mm) was used for molding. The new rice husk insulation high-strength mortar mixture is stirred by a UJZ-15 mortar mixer, and cement, fly ash (fly ash = cement × 0.2), silica fume (silica fume = cement × 0.08), rice husk, Crushed construction waste, heavy calcium powder (heavy calcium powder = cement × 0.3), redispersible latex powder (redispersible latex powder = cement × 0.004), cellulose ether (cellulose ether = cement × 0.0005), water (amount of water = water content of construction waste + water consumption of cement), stir for 4 to 6 minutes until evenly mixed. Add the mixed mortar into the mortar test mold. When 1/2 of the mortar standard mold is filled, mechanically vibrate for 1 minute, then fill the mortar standard mold with mortar, then mechanically vibrate for 1-2 minutes, continue to fill the mortar, and scrape the surface. After the mortar mold is installed, mechanically vibrate for 1 minute. After the test block is molded, it is cured at 20°C for 48 hours, then removed from the mold, placed in a standard curing room for 28 days, and then tested for strength.
配制原料为：水泥为普通硅酸盐水泥；稻壳为大米加工生产过程所产生的稻壳废料；粉煤灰为火电厂煤燃烧后排出的主要固体废物主要氧化物组成为：SiO2、Al2O3、FeO、Fe2O3、CaO、TiO2；硅灰为工业冶炼硅铁合金和工业硅时产生的SiO2和Si气体，在空气中的氧化并迅速冷凝而形成的一种超细硅质粉体材料；建筑废料为经破碎形成的粒度为0.05-4.75mm的碎料渣；重钙粉为建筑行业中所用325目干粉砂浆用重质碳酸钙；可再分散性乳胶粉为灰分含量为10±2％的可再分散性乳胶粉；纤维素醚为丙基甲基纤维素醚，是一种水溶性高分子材料。The prepared raw materials are: cement is ordinary Portland cement; rice husk is rice husk waste produced in the process of rice processing; fly ash is the main solid waste discharged after coal combustion in thermal power plants. The main oxide composition is: SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , FeO, Fe 2 O 3 , CaO, TiO 2 ; silica fume is a kind of ultra-fine powder formed by oxidation and rapid condensation in air of SiO 2 and Si gas produced during industrial smelting of ferrosilicon alloy and industrial silicon. Silica powder material; construction waste is crushed slag with a particle size of 0.05-4.75mm; heavy calcium powder is heavy calcium carbonate for 325 mesh dry powder mortar used in the construction industry; redispersible latex powder is ash Redispersible latex powder with a content of 10±2%; cellulose ether is propyl methyl cellulose ether, which is a water-soluble polymer material.
以下为实施例1-4、比较实施例1各试样的配合比：Following is the compounding ratio of each sample of embodiment 1-4, comparative example 1:
表1砂浆试配过程各组分重量配比Table 1 The weight ratio of each component in the mortar trial mixing process
我们用上述的配比制作成尺寸分别为：400mm×400mm×30m的砂浆薄板进行容重，导热系数的测定，70.7mm×70.7mm×70.7mm和160mm×160mm×40mm的试样进行抗压、抗折试验并根据中国建筑行业标准JGJ70-2009进行粘结强度的测试，结果如图表2We used the above proportions to make mortar sheets with dimensions of 400mm×400mm×30m for the measurement of bulk density and thermal conductivity, and samples of 70.7mm×70.7mm×70.7mm and 160mm×160mm×40mm for compression and resistance Folding test and bond strength test according to the Chinese construction industry standard JGJ70-2009, the results are shown in Chart 2
表2各组试验样品的性能The performance of each group of test samples in table 2
按重量比取料时重量允许误差如表3所示The allowable weight error when taking materials according to the weight ratio is shown in Table 3
表3拌合砂浆计量允许偏差Table 3 Permissible deviation of mixing mortar measurement
由比较实施例1可以看出，去除砂浆中的稻壳后，砂浆整体容重增加，强度增加，但是导热系数增加较大。由以上实施例1-4可以看出，砂浆中添加稻壳有助于降低导热系数，随着建筑废料掺入量的减少，保温砂浆的抗压抗折强度和粘结强度有所降低，而稻壳的增加有助于降低导热系数。但是实施例4中，由于砂浆中建筑废料过少而稻壳过多，虽有较小的导热系数但是强度已经不符合高强砂浆的标准。It can be seen from Comparative Example 1 that after the rice husk in the mortar is removed, the overall bulk density and strength of the mortar increase, but the thermal conductivity increases greatly. As can be seen from the above Examples 1-4, adding rice husks in the mortar helps to reduce the thermal conductivity, and as the amount of construction waste mixed in decreases, the compressive and flexural strength and bond strength of the thermal insulation mortar decrease, while The addition of rice husks helps reduce thermal conductivity. But in embodiment 4, because there are too few construction wastes and too much rice husk in the mortar, although there is a small thermal conductivity, the strength does not meet the standard of high-strength mortar.
本专使用较多质量的建筑废料作为砂浆的骨料，其有着较高的强度和保温性能，减少了水泥的用量。This project uses more quality construction waste as the aggregate of the mortar, which has higher strength and thermal insulation performance, and reduces the amount of cement used.
通过以上测定的数据显示，配比为稻壳：水：水泥：粉煤灰：硅灰：建筑废料：重钙粉：乳胶粉：纤维素醚＝0.09：2：1：0.2：0.05：2：0.27：0.035：0.01的实施例1作为抹面砂浆，满足强度的要求又满足保温节能所达到的导热系数要求，为最佳配合比。According to the data determined above, the ratio is rice husk: water: cement: fly ash: silica fume: construction waste: heavy calcium powder: latex powder: cellulose ether = 0.09: 2: 1: 0.2: 0.05: 2: The ratio of 0.27:0.035:0.01 in Example 1 is used as plastering mortar, which meets the requirements of strength and thermal conductivity for heat preservation and energy saving, and is the best mix ratio.
同时由上文实例可见，我们可以通过改变建筑废料和稻壳与水泥的比例来调节抗压强度和导热系数。原材料配比对砂浆的保温性能有很大的影响。At the same time, it can be seen from the above examples that we can adjust the compressive strength and thermal conductivity by changing the ratio of construction waste and rice husk to cement. The ratio of raw materials has a great influence on the thermal insulation performance of mortar.
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