CN113351996A - Laser polishing and surface modification equipment - Google Patents
Laser polishing and surface modification equipment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113351996A CN113351996A CN202110669333.3A CN202110669333A CN113351996A CN 113351996 A CN113351996 A CN 113351996A CN 202110669333 A CN202110669333 A CN 202110669333A CN 113351996 A CN113351996 A CN 113351996A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- laser
- surface modification
- workpiece
- flat
- polishing
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
- B23K26/3568—Modifying rugosity
- B23K26/3576—Diminishing rugosity, e.g. grinding; Polishing; Smoothing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses laser polishing and surface modification equipment, which comprises a case, a laser generator arranged in the case, a beam shaper arranged on the case, a loading mechanism used for placing a workpiece and a computer used for controlling laser emitted by the laser generator, wherein the beam shaper comprises a DOE converter used for converting a Gaussian beam emitted by the laser generator into a flat-top beam and a scanning galvanometer used for irradiating the flat-top beam on the surface of the workpiece, and the loading mechanism is arranged below the scanning galvanometer. Compared with the traditional polishing technology, the invention adopts the laser polishing and surface modification technology, and has the characteristics of no pollution, high efficiency and easy automation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surface modification, in particular to laser polishing and surface modification equipment.
Background
The laser polishing is a green manufacturing method for reducing the surface roughness by utilizing the interaction between laser and the surface of a material and by utilizing the heat effect of the laser through the processes of heating, melting and the like. Laser polishing is a non-contact polishing, and can polish not only planes but also various curved surfaces. Meanwhile, the pollution to the environment is small, and the local polishing and the surface modification can be realized. The surface modification technology is a technology which adopts a certain process means to make the surface of the material obtain a structure and performance different from those of the matrix material. After the surface modification treatment, the material not only can exert the mechanical property of the matrix material, but also can ensure that the surface of the material obtains various special properties (such as wear resistance, high temperature resistance, proper ray absorption and the like).
The traditional surface modification technology generally comprises shot blasting, chemical heat treatment and the like, wherein the shot blasting is a cold processing method carried out on a sprayed material below a crystallization temperature, and is completed by impacting shots on the surface of a sprayed workpiece at a high speed, and the shot blasting can be applied to the aspects of surface cleaning, finishing, shot blasting forming, shot blasting correction, shot blasting strengthening and the like; the chemical heat treatment is a heat treatment method in which a metal part is placed in a certain medium for heating, heat preservation and cooling, so that certain elements in the medium permeate into the surface of a workpiece, thereby changing the composition, the structure and the performance of the surface layer of the workpiece. However, these conventional surface modification techniques have significant disadvantages such as environmental inefficiency, etc.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide laser polishing and surface modification equipment, and aims to solve the technical problems of high energy consumption, low efficiency, environmental pollution and the like of the conventional polishing and surface modification technology.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a laser polishing and surface modification apparatus, which includes a case, a laser generator disposed inside the case, a beam shaper disposed on the case, a loading mechanism for placing a workpiece, and a computer for controlling laser emitted from the laser generator, wherein the beam shaper includes a DOE (Diffractive Optical Element) converter for converting a gaussian beam emitted from the laser generator into a flat-top beam, and a scanning galvanometer for irradiating the flat-top beam onto a surface of the workpiece, and the loading mechanism is disposed below the scanning galvanometer.
Preferably, the scanning galvanometer comprises a beam expanding mirror for adjusting the diameter of the flat-top beam, and a moving mirror and a focusing mirror for adjusting the divergence angle of the flat-top beam.
Preferably, the loading mechanism comprises a positioning adjustment assembly mounted on the chassis and a stage mounted on the positioning adjustment assembly.
Preferably, the positioning adjustment assembly comprises a linear module and a connecting plate, the linear module can move along the directions of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis respectively, and the connecting plate is connected with the linear module.
Preferably, the objective table is provided with a sealing cavity for placing a workpiece and a plurality of first mounting holes for connecting the connecting plate, and the first mounting holes are distributed on the periphery of the sealing cavity.
Preferably, the linear module comprises a screw rod, a nut sleeved on the screw rod, a sliding block connected with the nut, and a motor for driving the screw rod to rotate.
Preferably, the connecting plate is provided with a plurality of second mounting holes for fixing the object stage.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the invention provides a laser polishing and surface modification device, which is characterized in that a workpiece is placed in a loading mechanism, a computer controls a laser generator to emit laser with preset parameters, the laser passes through a beam shaper, is converted into a flat-top beam from a Gaussian beam and finally irradiates the workpiece to realize laser polishing and surface modification.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a laser polishing and surface modification apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the beam shaper shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the stage of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the connecting plate in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and all other embodiments that can be obtained by one skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
The invention provides a laser polishing and surface modification device, which in one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, comprises a cabinet 100, a laser generator arranged inside the cabinet 100, a beam shaper 300 arranged on the cabinet 100, a loading mechanism 200 for placing a workpiece, and a computer 400 for controlling laser emitted by the laser generator, wherein the beam shaper 300 comprises a DOE converter 310 for converting a gaussian beam emitted by the laser generator into a flat-top beam, and a scanning galvanometer 320 for irradiating the flat-top beam on the surface of the workpiece, and the loading mechanism 200 is arranged below the scanning galvanometer 320.
In this embodiment, the laser generator is installed inside the cabinet 100, and the laser generator is electrically connected to the computer 400, and laser parameters are set before processing according to the shape of the workpiece to be processed. The light beam shaper 300 is electrically connected with the laser generator, the light beam shaper 300 comprises a DOE converter 310 and a scanning galvanometer 320, the light beam shaper 300 mainly functions in converting Gaussian beams emitted by the laser generator into flat-top beams, the DOE converter 310 is the most important component, energy of the Gaussian beams emitted by the laser generator cannot be accurately distributed when a workpiece is machined, a heat effect can be generated, and accordingly the structure of a modified layer of the workpiece can be damaged, the DOE converter 310 can convert the Gaussian beams into the flat-top beams by matching with the scanning galvanometer 320, the flat-top beams have high uniformity, energy matching during machining can be obviously improved, and machining effects are greatly improved. The loading mechanism 200 is mounted on the chassis 100 and disposed below the scanning galvanometer, and the loading mechanism 200 mainly functions to load and position a workpiece. The computer 400 is arranged at one side of the beam shaper, the computer 400 is electrically connected with the laser generator, various parameters such as laser power, laser feeding rate, offset rate, defocusing amount, processing track and the like can be set on the laser generator, after the workpiece is loaded, the computer 400 controls the laser generator to emit a light beam, the light beam is shaped by the beam shaper 300, is converted into a flat-top light beam by a Gaussian light beam, and finally acts on a laser modification layer of the workpiece, so that laser surface modification is realized.
In a preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the galvanometer scanner includes a beam expander 321, a moving mirror 322 and a focusing mirror 323, the beam expander 321 is mainly used for adjusting the diameter of the laser beam, and the moving mirror 322 and the focusing mirror 323 are used for adjusting the divergence angle of the laser beam, so that the galvanometer scanner 320 can appropriately adjust the diameter and the divergence angle of the laser beam according to the shape and size of the processing surface of the workpiece.
In a preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 1, a loading mechanism 200 is mounted on the chassis 100, the loading mechanism 200 including a stage 210 and a positioning adjustment assembly 220. The positioning adjustment assembly 220 is mounted on the chassis 100 and electrically connected to the computer 400, the stage 210 is mounted on the positioning assembly 220, the stage 210 is used for loading a workpiece to be processed, and after the workpiece is loaded, the computer 400 controls the positioning adjustment assembly 220 to align the position of the workpiece on the stage 210 with the laser beam irradiation end.
In a preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 1, after the workpiece is loaded, the position of the workpiece needs to be adjusted, the positioning of the workpiece is a very important step in the processing process, and the precision of the positioning of the workpiece directly affects the processing effect.
In a preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the stage 210 may be designed in various shapes according to the material and shape of the workpiece to be processed, and in this embodiment, the stage 210 is provided with a sealed cavity 211 for loading the workpiece, the sealed cavity 211 is configured as a rectangular groove, a plurality of first mounting holes 212 configured as through-holes are distributed around the sealed cavity, and the stage 210 is connected with the connecting plate 221 through the first mounting holes 212 by means of screws.
In a preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 1, compared with manual positioning adjustment, the automatic positioning adjustment has higher precision, in this embodiment, the linear module 222 is selectively composed of a screw rod, a slider and a motor, the slider is sleeved on the screw rod through a nut, the linear module 222 is electrically connected with the computer 400, the motor is controlled by the computer 400 to drive the screw rod to rotate, the slider is driven to move, and the precise positioning of the workpiece can be realized.
In a preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 4, the linear module 222 and the object stage 210 are mounted and connected by a connection plate 221, the connection plate 221 is provided with a plurality of second mounting holes 223 with through holes, and the connection plate 221 is fixedly connected with the object stage 210 through the second mounting holes 223.
The above description is only a part of or preferred embodiments of the present invention, and neither the text nor the drawings should be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or any other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The laser polishing and surface modification equipment is characterized by comprising a machine box, a laser generator arranged in the machine box, a beam shaper arranged on the machine box, a loading mechanism used for placing a workpiece and a computer used for controlling the laser generator to emit laser, wherein the beam shaper comprises a DOE converter used for converting a Gaussian beam emitted by the laser generator into a flat-top beam and a scanning galvanometer used for irradiating the flat-top beam on the surface of the workpiece, and the loading mechanism is arranged below the scanning galvanometer.
2. The laser polishing and surface modification apparatus of claim 1, wherein the scanning galvanometer includes a beam expander for adjusting the diameter of the flat-top beam and a moving mirror and a focusing mirror for adjusting the divergence angle of the flat-top beam.
3. The laser polishing and surface modification apparatus of claim 1, wherein the loading mechanism includes a positioning adjustment assembly mounted on the housing and a stage mounted on the positioning adjustment assembly.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the positioning adjustment assembly comprises a linear module movable along the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis, respectively, and a connecting plate connected to the linear module.
5. The laser polishing and surface modification apparatus of claim 4, wherein the stage has a sealed cavity for placing a workpiece thereon and a plurality of first mounting holes for connecting the connecting plate, and the first mounting holes are distributed around the sealed cavity.
6. The laser polishing and surface modification apparatus of claim 4, wherein the linear module comprises a lead screw, a nut sleeved on the lead screw, a slider connected to the nut, and a motor for driving the lead screw to rotate.
7. The laser polishing and surface modification apparatus of claim 4, wherein the connecting plate has a plurality of second mounting holes for fixing the stage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110669333.3A CN113351996A (en) | 2021-06-16 | 2021-06-16 | Laser polishing and surface modification equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110669333.3A CN113351996A (en) | 2021-06-16 | 2021-06-16 | Laser polishing and surface modification equipment |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113351996A true CN113351996A (en) | 2021-09-07 |
Family
ID=77534787
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110669333.3A Pending CN113351996A (en) | 2021-06-16 | 2021-06-16 | Laser polishing and surface modification equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113351996A (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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2021
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Application publication date: 20210907 |