CN113351695B - Plate bending method - Google Patents
Plate bending method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113351695B CN113351695B CN202110802277.6A CN202110802277A CN113351695B CN 113351695 B CN113351695 B CN 113351695B CN 202110802277 A CN202110802277 A CN 202110802277A CN 113351695 B CN113351695 B CN 113351695B
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- cutter
- side wall
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
- B21D5/01—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves between rams and anvils or abutments
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/14—Particular arrangements for handling and holding in place complete dies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
- B21D5/002—Positioning devices
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- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a plate bending method, which comprises the following steps: s1, calibrating a bending line on a workpiece to be machined according to the shape to be machined; s2, placing a workpiece to be machined between an upper cutter and a lower forming die in the asymmetric cutter module, wherein a cutter head of the upper cutter is positioned right above the bending line in the step S1, and enabling a cutter head vertical line of any point of the upper cutter to pass through the bending line along the length direction; s3, an upper cutter moves towards a workpiece to be processed under the driving of a driving device, a cutter die clamp is arranged at the lower end of a lifting slide block assembly welding piece, the cutter die clamp clamps the upper end of the upper cutter, and the lifting slide block assembly welding piece realizes lifting movement through an external driving device; and S4, the upper cutter is contacted with the workpiece to be processed and then continuously moves towards the forming groove of the lower forming die. The invention can increase the processing range of the plate and realize the function of partial mechanical supporting plates; the processing is integrated, and the replacement of different cutting dies of special workpieces is reduced; and improves the workability of the processing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of workpiece bending, and particularly relates to a plate bending method.
Background
In the existing plate bending process, a symmetrically designed cutter is generally used for processing, in the process of bending a plate into a U-shaped plate by using a cutter head of the symmetrically designed cutter, a first bending is firstly carried out to form a first side wall of the U-shaped plate, then the plate is bent for the second time to form a second side wall of the U-shaped plate, if the length of the first side wall is greater than or equal to that of a bottom plate between the first side wall and the second side wall, and the angle between the first side wall and the bottom plate is 90 degrees, in the process of bending the plate for the second time, the plate has a springback value, so when the angle between the second side wall and the bottom plate is required to be less than or equal to 90 degrees, an included angle between a center line of the symmetrically designed cutter head and the bottom plate is less than or equal to 45 degrees, at the moment, the first side wall touches the cutter, so that the first side wall interferes with the symmetrically designed cutter, in the prior art, when the U-shaped plate is bent, the plate is bent for the first side wall, the problem that the processing performance of the plate is reduced, and the aesthetic problem that the folding performance of the second side wall is eliminated. Meanwhile, when workpieces with small bending edges, such as the shell, a stand and the like, are bent, the supporting plate needs to be carried out by means of an external manipulator; when bending the width edge of a workpiece such as a door and window piece, the upper cutter and the lower forming die are reversely arranged, and the lower forming die is positioned above the upper cutter, but the problem of mopping the floor in the processing process of the door and window piece still exists.
Patent publication No. CN109719171A discloses a plate bending device, which comprises a cutter assembly, a die holder and a chopping block from top to bottom in sequence; the cutter assembly sequentially comprises a cylinder, a pressing plate and a cutter from top to bottom, wherein the upper part of a sliding rod penetrates through the pressing plate and coaxially extends into the pressure spring, and is not in contact with the sliding plate in a non-working state; the cutting board is arranged right below the die holders, and the distance between the cutting board and the die holders ensures that the length of the plate to be bent pressed downwards by the cutter assembly from the die holders is not less than the length of the section where the welding end of the plate is located. The cutter in the plate bending device adopts a symmetrical design, and the problems cannot be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a plate bending method to solve the technical problems, and the asymmetrical design of a tool bit of an upper cutter and the asymmetrical design of a forming groove in a lower forming die are adopted, so that the plate processing range is increased in the plate processing process, and the function of a part of mechanical supporting plates is realized; the processing is integrated, and the replacement of different and various cutting dies of a special workpiece is reduced; and improve the workability of processing.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method of bending a sheet material comprising the steps of:
s1, calibrating a bending line on a workpiece to be machined according to the shape to be machined;
s2, placing a workpiece to be machined between an upper cutter and a lower forming die in the asymmetric cutter module, wherein a cutter head of the upper cutter is positioned right above the bending line in the step S1, and enabling a cutter point vertical line of any point of the cutter head of the upper cutter to pass through the bending line in the length direction;
s3, the upper cutter moves towards the workpiece to be machined under the driving of the driving device, the cutter die clamp is installed at the lower end of the lifting slide block assembly welding piece, the cutter die clamp clamps the upper end of the upper cutter, and the lifting slide block assembly welding piece realizes lifting movement through an external driving device;
and S4, the upper cutter is contacted with the workpiece to be machined and then continuously moves towards the forming groove of the lower forming die, so that the workpiece to be machined is bent under the action of the cutter head of the upper cutter and the forming groove.
Preferably, in step S2, the tool bit is disposed directly above the forming groove of the lower forming die, and the perpendicular line of the tool tip coincides with the perpendicular line of the groove bottom of the forming groove, so that the tool tip is disposed directly opposite to the groove bottom. The upper end of first shaping lateral wall with distance between the knife tip perpendicular is VL, the upper end of second shaping lateral wall with distance between the knife tip perpendicular is VR, VL is not equal to VR.
Preferably, in step S2, the perpendicular line of the cutting edge does not coincide with a perpendicular line of a groove bottom of the forming groove of the lower forming die, and a distance Δ T is provided between the perpendicular line of the cutting edge and the perpendicular line of the groove bottom so that the cutting edge and the groove bottom are eccentrically disposed.
Preferably, in step S4, when the upper tool contacts the workpiece to be processed, a side stopper adjusting block in a side stopper device provided on the upper tool abuts against an outer side wall of the lower forming die, and when the upper tool bends the workpiece to be processed, the side stopper adjusting block is always attached to the outer side wall of the lower forming die.
Preferably, the asymmetric tool module in step S2 includes an upper tool and a lower forming die;
the upper cutter comprises a cutter body and a cutter head arranged at one end of the cutter body, the cutter head comprises two side walls arranged at an included angle, a cutter point of the cutter head is formed at the joint of the two side walls, and included angles between a perpendicular line of the cutter point passing through the cutter point and parallel to the center line of the cutter body in the height direction and the two side walls are different;
the upper cutter comprises a forming die body and a forming groove arranged at the upper end of the forming die body, the forming groove comprises two forming side walls arranged at an included angle, the joint of the two forming side walls forms the groove bottom of the forming groove, and the included angles between the vertical line of the groove bottom passing through the groove bottom and parallel to the central line of the forming die body along the height direction and the two forming side walls are different;
the tool bit sets up the top in shaping groove, wait to process the work piece and pass through the tool bit is in accomplish bending in the shaping groove. The included angle of asymmetric design's cutter is because the contained angle of two lateral walls and knife tip perpendicular is different, in the in-process that carries out panel bending and form the second lateral wall, can make the contained angle of the diapire of U template and knife tip perpendicular and the contained angle of the second lateral wall of U template and knife tip perpendicular not the same, and the contained angle of the diapire of U template and knife tip perpendicular can be greater than the contained angle of the second lateral wall and the knife tip perpendicular of U template, to the U template of the length of first lateral wall more than or equal to the bottom plate between first lateral wall and the second lateral wall, in the in-process that forms the second lateral wall and make between the second lateral wall and bend between the diapire and form, because the diapire of U template is greater than 45 with the contained angle of knife tip perpendicular, the contained angle of second lateral wall and knife tip perpendicular is less than 45, thereby can make first lateral wall can not produce the interference with last cutter, solve the unable interference problem of solving symmetrical cutter.
Preferably, the forming groove of the lower forming die comprises a first forming side wall and a second forming side wall, the intersection of the first forming side wall and the lower end of the second forming side wall forms the groove bottom, when the perpendicular line of the tool tip does not coincide with the perpendicular line of the groove bottom, the distance between the upper end of the first forming side wall and the perpendicular line of the tool tip is VL, the distance between the upper end of the second forming side wall and the perpendicular line of the tool tip is VR, and VL = VR.
Preferably, one of them lateral wall of tool bit with the contained angle a of knife tip perpendicular line and the shaping lateral wall of the shaping groove that this lateral wall corresponds the setting with the contained angle c of tank bottom perpendicular line equals, another lateral wall of tool bit with contained angle b of knife tip perpendicular line and the shaping lateral wall of the shaping groove that this lateral wall corresponds the setting with the contained angle d of tank bottom perpendicular line equals.
Preferably, the tool bit with set up the contained angle between the cutter body, the tool bit includes first tool bit lateral wall, second tool bit lateral wall, first tool bit lateral wall with the second tool bit lateral wall is the contained angle setting, the lower extreme of first tool bit lateral wall with the crossing department of second tool bit lateral wall lower extreme forms the knife tip of tool bit, first tool bit lateral wall upper end with second tool bit lateral wall upper end upwards extends the formation the lateral wall of two relative settings of cutter body. The arrangement can ensure that the forming process of the cutter head is simple and the manufacturing cost is low.
Preferably, the cutter head is obliquely extended from one end of the cutter body.
As more preferably, the tool bit with set up the contained angle between the cutter body, the tool bit includes first tool bit lateral wall, second tool bit lateral wall, third tool bit lateral wall, first tool bit lateral wall with the second tool bit lateral wall is the contained angle setting, the lower extreme of first tool bit lateral wall with the crossing department of second tool bit lateral wall lower extreme forms the knife tip of tool bit, the third tool bit lateral wall with first tool bit lateral wall sets up relatively, the third tool bit lateral wall certainly the upper end of second tool bit lateral wall extends the setting, first tool bit lateral wall upper end with third tool bit lateral wall upper end upwards extends the formation two lateral walls that set up relatively of cutter body. The arrangement does not need to vertically extend from the upper ends of the two side walls of the cutter head to form the whole cutter body, so that the width and the weight of the whole upper cutter can be reduced, and only the cutter head used for bending is arranged to form the side walls which are crossed in a V shape.
Preferably, two opposite side walls of the cutter body are arranged in parallel, so that the main body of the cutter body is a plate-shaped part, and the clamping of the cutter die clamp is facilitated.
Preferably, the side blocking device comprises a side blocking block and a side blocking adjusting block, one end of the side blocking block is connected with the tool body, the side blocking adjusting block is installed on the side blocking block, and the interval between the side blocking adjusting block and the side blocking block is adjustable, so that when the upper tool bends a plate, one end face of the side blocking adjusting block is abutted to the side edge of the lower forming die.
Preferably, the side dog include with the installation department that cutter body connects, do the side keeps off the connecting portion that the regulating block provided the mounted position, the one end of installation department with cutter body passes through screwed connection, connecting portion set up the other end of installation department. Connecting portion with contained angle between the installation department is the right angle, sets up like this and to make the side keep off the regulating block and install behind the connecting portion with cutter body's extension plane parallel arrangement.
More preferably, the side blocking adjusting block is connected with the connecting portion through an adjusting device, the adjusting device includes an adjusting screw, a nut, and a connecting screw, the adjusting screw and the nut are disposed on one side of the connecting portion, the adjusting screw sequentially passes through the nut and the mounting portion, the connecting screw passes through the side blocking adjusting block and is connected with one end of the adjusting screw, and the distance between the side blocking adjusting block and the connecting portion is adjusted by adjusting the penetrating distance of the adjusting screw on the side blocking block, so that when the upper tool is matched with lower forming dies with different precision to perform bending work, one side of the side blocking adjusting block facing the lower forming die is always abutted against the sidewall of the lower forming die by adjusting the position of the side blocking adjusting block.
More preferably, the side block adjusting block is provided with an inclined surface facing the bottom of the side wall of the lower forming die, and during the descending process of the cutter body, the inclined surface enables inclined surface transition between the side block adjusting block and the lower forming die, so that the side block adjusting block is prevented from being directly contacted with the lower forming die to impact the lower forming die.
Preferably, the side stop block is connected with one side wall of the tool body, and the side wall and one side wall of the tool bit, which has a small included angle with the perpendicular line of the tool tip, are located on the same side.
Has the advantages that:
the invention provides a plate bending method, which adopts an asymmetric cutter module to bend a workpiece to be processed, and when the workpiece to be processed is a plate, the length of a first side wall of a U-shaped plate of a bottom plate between the first side wall and a second side wall is greater than or equal to that of the bottom plate between the first side wall and the second side wall by the asymmetric design of a cutter head of an upper cutter and the asymmetric design of a forming groove in a lower forming die, when the second side wall is formed and an included angle formed by bending between the second side wall and between the bottom walls is less than 90 degrees, because the included angle between the bottom wall of the U-shaped plate and a perpendicular line of a cutter point is greater than 45 degrees and the included angle between the second side wall and the perpendicular line of the cutter point is less than 45 degrees, the first side wall can not interfere with the upper cutter, the problem of interference which cannot be solved by a symmetric cutter is solved, and the processing range of the plate is increased; compared with a symmetrically designed cutter, when workpieces with smaller bending edges such as a processing shell, a stand and the like are bent, the function of a part of mechanical supporting plate can be realized; to the longer panel of length, when bending a side to width direction, because the contained angle of the long side of panel and knife tip perpendicular line is greater than the contained angle of the long side of panel and knife tip perpendicular line in the asymmetric cutter course of working of this application in the symmetric design cutter course of working, consequently the height that the long side of panel is greater than the height that the long side of panel is apart from ground in the symmetric design cutter course of working apart from ground in the asymmetric cutter course of working to this application can prevent that the end of long side from dragging ground. So this application makes processing an organic whole, reduces the replacement of the different multiple cutting die of special work piece, and can not form the crease in the middle zone of panel, and the asymmetric cutter module of this application can also improve processing operability simultaneously.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a plate bending apparatus in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is an exploded view of the structure of a sheet bending apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a sectional view showing a plate bending apparatus in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a structural view of an upper tool of the asymmetric tool module in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a structural view showing a lower molding die of an asymmetric cutter module in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a view showing a state in which a workpiece is U-bent in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a structural view of an asymmetric tool module according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a structural view of an asymmetric tool module according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a force analysis diagram of the lower forming die during the bending process of the asymmetric tool module according to the present invention.
Reference numerals
1. Feeding a cutter; 11. a cutter body; 12. a cutter head; 121. a first bit side wall; 122. a second bit sidewall; 123. a third bit side wall; 124. a perpendicular line of the tool nose; 2. a lower forming die; 21. forming a groove; 211. a first forming sidewall; 212. a second forming sidewall; 213. a perpendicular line at the bottom of the groove; 3. a plate material; 31. a first side wall; 32. a base plate; 33. a second side wall; 4. a side stop block; 5. a side block adjusting block; 6. a cutting die clamp; 7. assembling and welding a lifting slide block; 8. and adjusting the screw.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, without inventive effort, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them.
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail with specific embodiments below.
Example 1
A method of bending a sheet material comprising the steps of:
s1, calibrating a bending line on a workpiece to be machined according to the shape to be machined;
s2, placing a workpiece to be machined between an upper cutter and a lower forming die in the asymmetric cutter module, wherein a cutter head of the upper cutter is positioned right above the bending line in the step S1, and enabling a cutter point vertical line of any point of the cutter head of the upper cutter to pass through the bending line in the length direction;
s3, the upper cutter moves towards the workpiece to be machined under the driving of a driving device, the cutter die clamp is installed at the lower end of the lifting slide block assembly and welding piece, the cutter die clamp clamps the upper end of the upper cutter, and the lifting slide block assembly and welding piece achieves lifting movement through an external driving device;
and S4, the upper cutter continuously moves towards the forming groove of the lower forming die after contacting the workpiece to be machined, so that the workpiece to be machined is bent under the action of the cutter head of the upper cutter and the forming groove.
In step S2 of this embodiment, the tool bit 12 is disposed directly above the molding groove 21 of the lower mold, and the perpendicular line 124 of the cutting edge is aligned with the perpendicular line 213 of the groove bottom of the molding groove 21 so that the cutting edge is disposed directly opposite to the groove bottom. The forming groove 21 comprises a first forming side wall 211 and a second forming side wall 212, the intersection of the lower ends of the first forming side wall 211 and the second forming side wall 212 forms the groove bottom, the distance between the upper end of the first forming side wall 211 and the tool nose perpendicular line 124 is VL, the distance between the upper end of the second forming side wall 212 and the tool nose perpendicular line 124 is VR, and VL ≠ VR.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the plate bending device for bending the plate in this embodiment includes a lifting slider assembly welding part 7, a cutting die holder 6, and an asymmetric cutter module, wherein the cutting die holder 6 is installed at a lower end of the lifting slider assembly welding part 7, the cutting die holder 6 holds an upper end of the upper cutter, and the lower forming die 2 is disposed below the upper cutter. The lifting slide block assembly and welding piece 7 achieves lifting movement through an external driving device, so that the upper cutter is driven to do lifting movement together, and bending of the plate 3 is completed.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the asymmetric tool module in the present embodiment includes: the cutting tool comprises an upper cutting tool 1 and a lower forming die 2, wherein the upper cutting tool 1 comprises a cutting tool body 11 and a cutting head 12 arranged at one end of the cutting tool body 11, the cutting head 12 comprises two side walls which are arranged in an included angle, a cutting point of the cutting head 12 is formed at the joint of the two side walls, and included angles between a cutting point vertical line 124 which passes through the cutting point and is parallel to the central line of the cutting tool body 11 along the height direction and the two side walls are different; the lower forming die 2 comprises a forming die body and a forming groove 21 arranged at the upper end of the forming die body, the forming groove 21 comprises two forming side walls arranged at an included angle, the two forming side walls enable the section of the forming groove along the vertical direction to be V-shaped, the connecting part of the two forming side walls forms the groove bottom of the forming groove 21, and the included angles between a groove bottom perpendicular line 213 which passes through the groove bottom and is parallel to the central line of the forming die body along the height direction and the two forming side walls are different; the tool bit 12 is arranged above the forming groove 21, and the workpiece to be machined is bent in the forming groove 21 through the tool bit 12.
One of the side walls of the tool bit 12 is equal to the included angle a1 of the perpendicular line 124 of the tool tip and the included angle c1 of the perpendicular line 213 of the groove bottom of the forming groove 21 correspondingly arranged with the side wall, and the other side wall of the tool bit 12 is equal to the included angle b1 of the perpendicular line 124 of the tool tip and the included angle d1 of the perpendicular line 213 of the groove bottom of the forming groove 21 correspondingly arranged with the side wall.
As shown in fig. 5, the cutting head 12 is obliquely extended from one end of the cutter body 11. The tool bit 12 with set up the contained angle between the cutter body 11, the tool bit 12 includes first tool bit lateral wall 121, second tool bit lateral wall 122, third tool bit lateral wall 123, first tool bit lateral wall 121 with second tool bit lateral wall 122 is the contained angle setting, the lower extreme of first tool bit lateral wall 121 with the crossing department of second tool bit lateral wall 122 lower extreme forms the knife tip of tool bit 12, third tool bit lateral wall 123 with first tool bit lateral wall 121 sets up relatively, third tool bit lateral wall 123 certainly the upper end of second tool bit lateral wall 122 extends the setting, first tool bit lateral wall 121 upper end with third tool bit lateral wall 123 upper end upwards extends the formation two lateral walls that set up relatively of cutter body 11. This arrangement eliminates the need to form the entire cutter body 11 so as to extend vertically from the upper ends of both side walls of the tip 12, and thus the width and weight of the entire upper cutter 1 can be reduced, and only the tip 12, which is to be bent, is provided with side walls intersecting in a V-shape.
The two opposite side walls of the cutter body 11 are arranged in parallel, so that the main body of the cutter body 11 is a plate-shaped part, and the clamping of the cutter die clamp 6 is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 7, the asymmetric tool module of the present embodiment makes the tool bit 12 of the upper tool 1 be asymmetrically designed, and the workpiece to be processed is the plate 3, so that the upper tool 1 cooperates with the lower forming die 2 to increase the processing range when bending the plate 3 in a U shape; specifically, in the process of bending the plate 3 into a U-shaped plate by using the cutter head 12 of the symmetrical design cutter, a first bending is performed to form a first side wall 31 of the U-shaped plate, then the plate 3 is bent for a second time to form a second side wall 33 of the U-shaped plate, if the length of the first side wall 31 is greater than or equal to that of the bottom plate 32 between the first side wall 31 and the second side wall 33, and the angle between the first side wall 31 and the bottom plate 32 is 90 °, in the process of bending the plate 3 for the second time, because the plate 3 has a springback amount, when the angle between the second side wall 33 and the bottom plate 32 needs to be less than or equal to 90 °, the included angle between the center line of the symmetrically designed cutter head 12 and the bottom plate 32 is less than or equal to 45 °, the first side wall 31 inevitably touches the cutter, which may cause interference of the first side wall 31 with the symmetrically designed cutter, therefore, in the prior art, when the plate 3 is bent in a U shape, the plate 3 is W-processed, and first bent for the first time at the center of the plate 3, and then bent to form two side walls of the U-shaped plate, so as to eliminate the interference problem of the first side wall 31 of the second side wall 33 during the processing, but this will cause a crease on the bottom plate 32 of the plate 3, which affects the aesthetic appearance and usability of the plate 3, and for some scenes with higher requirements, the performance and aesthetic appearance of the plate 3 will be reduced due to the crease, while the asymmetrically designed tool of the present application will cause the included angle between the bottom wall of the U-shaped plate and the perpendicular line 124 of the nose to be different from the included angle between the second side wall 33 of the U-shaped plate and the perpendicular line 124 of the nose to be different from each other due to the different included angles between the two side walls and the perpendicular line 124 of the nose in the process of bending the plate 3 to form the second side wall 33, and the included angle between the bottom wall of the U-shaped plate and the perpendicular line 124 of the tool nose is larger than the included angle between the second side wall 33 of the U-shaped plate and the perpendicular line 124 of the tool nose, and for the U-shaped plate with the length of the first side wall 31 larger than or equal to that of the bottom plate 32 between the first side wall 31 and the second side wall 33, in the process of forming the second side wall 33 and enabling the included angle formed by bending between the second side wall 33 and the bottom wall to be smaller than 90 degrees, because the included angle between the bottom wall of the U-shaped plate and the perpendicular line 124 of the tool nose is larger than 45 degrees and the included angle between the second side wall 33 and the perpendicular line 124 of the tool nose is smaller than 45 degrees, the first side wall 31 cannot interfere with the upper tool 1, and the problem of interference which cannot be solved by symmetrical tools is solved.
Example 2
Only the difference from the above embodiment will be described, and in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, in step S2, the perpendicular cutting edge line 124 does not coincide with the perpendicular groove bottom line 213 of the molding groove of the lower mold, and a separation distance Δ T is provided between the perpendicular cutting edge line 124 and the perpendicular groove bottom line 213 so that the cutting edge and the groove bottom are eccentrically disposed. The forming groove 21 comprises a first forming side wall 211 and a second forming side wall 212, the intersection of the lower ends of the first forming side wall 211 and the second forming side wall 212 forms the groove bottom, when the cutting edge perpendicular line (124) does not coincide with the groove bottom perpendicular line (213), the distance between the upper end of the first forming side wall 211 and the cutting edge perpendicular line 124 is VL, the distance between the upper end of the second forming side wall 212 and the cutting edge perpendicular line 124 is VR, and VL = VR.
Example 3
Only differences from the above embodiments are described in this embodiment, an included angle is set between the tool bit 12 and the tool body 11, the tool bit 12 includes a first bit side wall 121 and a second bit side wall 122, the first bit side wall 121 and the second bit side wall 122 are set in an included angle, a cutting tip of the tool bit 12 is formed at an intersection of a lower end of the first bit side wall 121 and a lower end of the second bit side wall 122, and two oppositely-arranged side walls of the tool body 11 are formed by extending an upper end of the first bit side wall 121 and an upper end of the second bit side wall 122 upward. The arrangement enables the forming process of the cutter head 12 to be simple and the manufacturing cost to be low.
Example 4
Only the difference from the above embodiment will be described, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, in step S4, when the upper tool contacts the workpiece to be processed, a side stopper adjusting block in a side stopper device provided on the upper tool abuts on an outer side wall of the lower forming die, and when the upper tool bends the workpiece to be processed, the side stopper adjusting block is always attached to the outer side wall of the lower forming die.
The asymmetric tool module further comprises a side blocking device, the side blocking device comprises a side blocking block 4 and a side blocking adjusting block 5, one end of the side blocking block 4 is connected with the tool body 11, the side blocking adjusting block 5 is installed on the side blocking block 4, and the interval between the side blocking adjusting block 5 and the side blocking block 4 is adjustable, so that when the upper tool 1 bends the plate 3, one end face of the side blocking adjusting block 5 is abutted to the side edge of the lower forming die 2.
The side block adjusting block 5 is connected with the connecting portion through an adjusting device, the adjusting device comprises an adjusting screw 8, a nut and a connecting screw, the adjusting screw 8 and the nut are arranged on one side of the connecting portion, the adjusting screw 8 sequentially penetrates through the nut and the mounting portion, the connecting screw penetrates through the side block adjusting block 5 to be connected with one end of the adjusting screw 8, the distance between the side block adjusting block 5 and the connecting portion is adjusted by adjusting the penetrating distance of the adjusting screw on the side block 4, and therefore when the upper cutter 1 is matched with the lower forming dies 2 with different precisions to perform bending work, one surface, facing the lower forming dies 2, of the side block adjusting block 5 is always abutted to the side wall of the lower forming dies 2 by adjusting the position of the side block adjusting block 5.
The side block adjusting block 5 is provided with an inclined plane towards the bottom of the side wall of the lower forming die 2, and in the descending process of the cutter body 11, the inclined plane enables inclined plane transition to be formed between the side block adjusting block 5 and the lower forming die 2, so that the side block adjusting block 5 is prevented from being in direct contact with the lower forming die 2 to impact the lower forming die 2.
When the plate 3 is made of an aluminum plate or a thin plate, because the bending pressure is relatively low, the side blocking adjusting block 5 is arranged on the side with relatively low asymmetric transverse force to abut against the lower forming die 2, when the tool body 11 moves downwards and meets a workpiece, the side blocking adjusting block 5 starts to adhere to the lower forming die 2 to generate transverse reaction force so as to counteract the transverse force applied to the tool, specifically, as shown in fig. 10, an included angle between the second forming side wall 212 and the groove bottom perpendicular line 213 is a, an included angle between the first forming side wall 211 and the groove bottom 213 is b, when the upper tool 1 bends the plate 3, the intersection of the forming groove 21 and the upper end face of the lower forming die 2 generates reaction force after receiving the pressure applied by the upper tool 1, and the reaction force generated inside the lower forming die 2 is shown under stress analysis:
BFR-X＝BFR*cos(90°-b)；
BFL-X＝BFR*cos(90°-a)；
BFR-X＝BFR*sin(b)；
BFL-X＝BFL*sin(a)；
BF-X＝BFL*sin(a)-BFR*sin(b)；
BF-Y＝BFL-Y+BFR-Y＝BFR*cos(b)+BFL*cos(a)；
the BFR is the reaction force generated by the right side of the lower forming die 2, the BFL is the reaction force generated by the left side of the lower forming die 2, the BFR-X is the component force of the reaction force generated by the right side of the lower forming die 2 in the X direction, the BFL-X is the component force of the reaction force generated by the left side of the lower forming die 2 in the X direction, the BF-X is the resultant force of the reaction force decomposition of the right side and the left side of the lower forming die 2 in the X direction, and the component force decomposition of the reaction force of the right side and the left side of the lower forming die 2 in the X direction is opposite to the component force direction of the reaction force in the X direction, so the difference of the BFL sin (a) -BFR sin (b) becomes the transverse force BF-X received by the cutter, and because the angle a is smaller than the angle b, the side blocking adjusting block 5 is arranged on one side of the second forming side wall 212, the side blocking adjusting block 5 starts to generate the transverse force generated by the lower forming die 2 to counteract the transverse force of the transverse force received by the BF-X. BF-Y is the resultant force of the resolving of the reaction force on the right side and the left side of the lower forming die 2 in the Y direction, and the resolving of the reaction force on the right side and the left side of the lower forming die 2 in the Y direction has the same direction, so the sum of BFR (b) + BFL (a) is the resultant force of the resolving of the reaction force on the Y direction generated by the lower forming die 2, and the force received by the lower forming die 2 exists in the form of internal force, and no excessive stress is generated on the frame oil cylinder.
The embodiment of the method for bending a sheet material provided by the present invention is explained in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the core concepts of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method of bending a sheet material comprising the steps of:
s1, calibrating a bending line on a workpiece to be machined according to the shape to be machined;
s2, placing a workpiece to be machined between an upper cutter (1) and a lower forming die (2) in the asymmetric cutter module, wherein a cutter head (12) of the upper cutter (1) is positioned right above the bending line in the step S1, and enabling a cutter point vertical line (124) of any point of the cutter head (12) of the upper cutter (1) to pass through the bending line along the length direction;
s3, the upper cutter (1) moves towards the workpiece to be machined under the driving of a driving device, a cutter die clamp (6) is installed at the lower end of a lifting slide block assembly welding piece, the cutter die clamp (6) clamps the upper end of the upper cutter (1), and the lifting slide block assembly welding piece (7) achieves lifting movement through an external driving device;
s4, the upper cutter (1) continues to move towards the forming groove (21) of the lower forming die (2) after contacting the workpiece to be machined, so that the workpiece to be machined is bent under the action of the cutter head (12) of the upper cutter and the forming groove (21); when the upper cutter contacts the workpiece to be machined, a side blocking adjusting block in a side blocking device arranged on the upper cutter is abutted to the outer side wall of the lower forming die, and when the upper cutter bends the workpiece to be machined, the side blocking adjusting block is always attached to the outer side wall of the lower forming die;
the side blocking device comprises a side blocking block (4) and a side blocking adjusting block (5), the upper cutter (1) comprises a cutter body (11) and a cutter head (12) arranged at one end of the cutter body (11), one end of the side blocking block (4) is connected with the cutter body (11), the side blocking adjusting block (5) is installed on the side blocking block (4), and the interval between the side blocking adjusting block (5) and the side blocking block (4) is adjustable, so that when the upper cutter (1) bends a plate (3), one end face of the side blocking adjusting block (5) is abutted to the outer side wall of the lower forming die (2).
2. The method of bending a plate material according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the tool bit (12) is disposed directly above a forming groove (21) of the lower forming die, and the perpendicular line (124) of the tool bit coincides with a perpendicular line (213) of a groove bottom of the forming groove (21) so that the tool bit is disposed directly opposite to the groove bottom.
3. A method of bending a plate material according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the perpendicular cutting edge line (124) does not coincide with a perpendicular groove bottom line (213) of the forming groove (21) of the lower forming die, and a clearance distance Δ T is provided between the perpendicular cutting edge line (124) and the perpendicular groove bottom line (213) such that the cutting edge and the groove bottom are eccentrically disposed.
4. The bending method of a plate according to claim 1, wherein the asymmetric tool set in step S2 comprises an upper tool (1) and a lower forming die (2);
the upper cutter (1) comprises a cutter body (11) and a cutter head (12) arranged at one end of the cutter body (11), the cutter head (12) comprises two side walls which are arranged at an included angle, a cutter point of the cutter head (12) is formed at the joint of the two side walls, and included angles between a cutter point vertical line (124) which passes through the cutter point and is parallel to the center line of the cutter body (11) along the height direction and the two side walls are different;
the lower forming die (2) comprises a forming die body and a forming groove (21) arranged at the upper end of the forming die body, the forming groove (21) comprises two forming side walls arranged at an included angle, the joint of the two forming side walls forms the bottom of the forming groove (21), and the included angles between a vertical line (213) of the bottom of the groove, which passes through the bottom of the forming die and is parallel to the central line of the forming die body along the height direction, and the two forming side walls are different from each other;
the tool bit (12) is arranged above the forming groove (21), and a workpiece to be machined is bent in the forming groove (21) through the tool bit (12).
5. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein said forming groove (21) of said lower forming die includes a first forming side wall (211) and a second forming side wall (212), an intersection of said first forming side wall (211) and a lower end of said second forming side wall (212) forms said groove bottom, when said perpendicular cutting edge line (124) does not coincide with said perpendicular groove bottom line (213), a distance between an upper end of said first forming side wall (211) and said perpendicular cutting edge line (124) is VL, and a distance between an upper end of said second forming side wall (212) and said perpendicular cutting edge line (124) is VR, VL = VR.
6. A method for bending sheet material according to claim 4, wherein the angle a between one of the side walls of said cutting head (12) and said perpendicular cutting edge (124) is equal to the angle c between the forming side wall of the forming groove (21) corresponding to said side wall and said perpendicular groove bottom (213), and the angle b between the other side wall of said cutting head (12) and said perpendicular cutting edge (124) is equal to the angle d between the forming side wall of the forming groove (21) corresponding to said side wall and said perpendicular groove bottom (213).
7. The plate bending method according to claim 4, wherein an included angle is formed between the cutter head (12) and the cutter body (11), the cutter head (12) comprises a first cutter head side wall (121), a second cutter head side wall (122) and a third cutter head side wall (123), the first cutter head side wall (121) and the second cutter head side wall (122) are arranged in the included angle, a cutter point of the cutter head (12) is formed at the intersection of the lower end of the first cutter head side wall (121) and the lower end of the second cutter head side wall (122), the third cutter head side wall (123) is arranged opposite to the first cutter head side wall (121), the third cutter head side wall (123) extends from the upper end of the second cutter head side wall (122), and the upper end of the first cutter head side wall (121) and the upper end of the third cutter head side wall (123) extend upwards to form two opposite side walls of the cutter body (11).
8. The bending method of a plate according to claim 1, wherein the side stopper (4) includes a mounting portion connected to the tool body (11), and a connecting portion providing a mounting position for the side stopper adjusting block (5), one end of the mounting portion is connected to the tool body (11) by a screw, and the connecting portion is provided at the other end of the mounting portion.
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