CN113349297A - Forage additive for herbivores and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Forage additive for herbivores and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113349297A CN113349297A CN202110817750.8A CN202110817750A CN113349297A CN 113349297 A CN113349297 A CN 113349297A CN 202110817750 A CN202110817750 A CN 202110817750A CN 113349297 A CN113349297 A CN 113349297A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forage grass additive for herbivores and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of feed, wherein the forage grass additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: component 1: 20 parts, component 2: 18 parts, component 3: 16 parts, component 4: 16 parts, component 5: 20 parts of radix asteris, 30 parts of polygonum bulborum, 20 parts of anemone argentea and 20 parts of ligularia virgaurea, and 10 parts of an auxiliary agent, wherein the component 1 comprises 30 parts of radix asteris, 30 parts of polygonum bulborum, 20 parts of ligularia virgaurea; the component 2 comprises 30 parts of gentian, 30 parts of gansu acanthopanax bean and 40 parts of rice pocket; the component 3 comprises 40 parts of caoyume and 60 parts of saussurea involucrate; the component 4 comprises 35.0 parts of dandelion, 30.0 parts of rumex acetosa and 35.0 parts of astragalus; 35.0 parts of potentilla anserine, 25.0 parts of pedicularis acutifolia, 20.0 parts of alpine leek and 20.0 parts of filifolium. The feed additive can improve the disease prevention and health care capability of herbivorous livestock, and is suitable for popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of feed, and relates to a forage additive for herbivores (Tibetan sheep, yak and the like) in alpine pasturing areas under barn feeding conditions and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, due to the need of ecological protection of grasslands, the production mode of grassland animal husbandry is gradually changed from all-weather grazing to full-barn feeding or half-barn feeding, and becomes a new normal state for the future grassland animal husbandry operation. However, the formation of grassland animal species is a result of the co-evolution of the grassland living environment for thousands of years, particularly the adaptation to the way of nomadic management, and thus, once the transition from nomadic to captive breeding or grazing in a single habitat occurs, many problems due to poor adaptability inevitably occur. Of these, the most important are the deterioration of animal species due to changes in food properties and performance, and the resulting problems of decreased physical quality, poor quality of animal products, and loss of product features. For a long time, the problem of forage and forage combination under the condition of implementing barn feeding in grassland and pastoral areas is not always free from the limitation of the traditional established mode in the agricultural areas, and even the scientific research concept is always followed by the path of the traditional forage science, so that the problem becomes the bottleneck for restricting the modification and development of the grassland and pastoral industries.
In addition, a large number of plants which are regarded as 'toxic, harmful and miscellaneous' grasses by the current animal husbandry operation idea exist on the natural grassland, and the plants are not only eliminated from the composition of the productivity of the grassland, but also become the key treatment objects of 'grassland improvement' and even 'grassland construction' behaviors. Research and investigation have shown that under natural grazing conditions, most of the plants covered by "poison, harm and weed" grass can be finally used as edible pasture and fully utilized by livestock, and the utilization period is different from that of the traditional excellent pasture (for example, some poison grass can be eaten after being frosted and detoxified in winter). More importantly, the grass with the characteristics of toxicity, harm and impurities almost has the special attributes of medicinal plants, and not only is the substance guarantee for maintaining the body health of the grazing type stock, but also is the precondition for establishing the characteristics of the stock and the product characteristics of the stock. Therefore, how to develop and fully and reasonably utilize the resources has important practical significance for the sustainable development of the grassland animal husbandry and is an important technical approach for solving the contradiction between production and ecological reality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to make up the defects of forage grass components in the animal husbandry of implementing barn feeding, half-barn feeding and single habitat grazing in grassland pastoral areas in the prior art, and provides a forage grass additive for herbivorous animals and a preparation method thereof.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a forage additive for herbivores comprises the following components in parts by weight: component 1: 20 parts of heat-clearing and detoxifying; component 2: 18 parts of anti-inflammatory and bactericidal bacteria; component 3: 16 parts of blood circulation promoting and stasis removing medicines; and (4) component: 16 parts of diuretic cathartic; component 5: 20 parts of disease prevention and health care products; 10 parts of an auxiliary agent. The component 1 comprises 30 parts of aster, 30 parts of polygonum bulbiferum, 20 parts of anemone and 20 parts of ligularia virgaurea; the component 2 comprises 30 parts of gentian, 30 parts of gansu acanthopanax bean and 40 parts of rice pocket; the component 3 comprises 40 parts of caoyume and 60 parts of saussurea involucrate; the component 4 comprises 35.0 parts of dandelion, 30.0 parts of rumex acetosa and 35.0 parts of astragalus; the component 5 comprises 35.0 parts of potentilla anserine, 25.0 parts of pedicularis acutifolia, 20.0 parts of alpine leek and 20.0 parts of filifolium.
Heat-clearing and detoxifying: the component accounts for 20.0 percent of the total amount of the forage additive, and the selected medicinal plants mainly comprise Aster (Aster tataricus L.f.), Polygonum bulbiferum (Polygonum viviparum L.), Anemone globeflora (Anemone cathayensis Kitag), Ligularia virgaurea (Ligularia virgaurea Maxim.) and the like, wherein the 4 plants account for 30 percent of Aster, 30 percent of Polygonum bulbiferum, 20 percent of Anemone globeflora and 20 percent of Ligularia virgaurea in sequence.
Diminishing inflammation and killing bacteria: the component accounts for 18.0% of the total amount of the forage material additive, the medicinal plants mainly comprise radix Gentianae (Gentiana scabra Bunge), Oxytropis kansuensis Bunge (Oxytropis kansuensis Bunge), and Gueldia verna Georgi (Gueldenstaedtia verna Georgi), wherein the 3 kinds of plants account for 30% of radix Gentianae, 30% of Gansu acantho, and 40% of rice sack in sequence.
Blood circulation promoting and stasis removing: the component accounts for 16.0% of the total amount of the forage material additive, the medicinal plants mainly comprise caoyume (Gentiana scabra Bunge), Saussurea involucrate (Saussurea japonica Thunb.) and the like, and the 2 kinds of plants account for 40% of the component and 60% of the component in sequence.
Diuresis inducing and bowel relaxing: the component accounts for 16.0 percent of the total amount of the forage grass additive, the selected medicinal plants mainly comprise dandelion (Taraxacum mongolicum hand-Mazz.), Rumex acetosa L, astragalus membranaceus (Astragalus. L.) and the like, and the 3 types of plants account for 35.0 percent of the dandelion, 30.0 percent of the Rumex acetosa L and 35.0 percent of the astragalus membranaceus in sequence.
Disease prevention and health care: the feed additive comprises 20.0% of the total amount of the feed additive, and the selected medicinal plants mainly comprise Potentilla anserine (Potentilla anserina L.), Artemisia equina (Pedicularia resupinata L.), Allium tuberosum (Allium sikkimense L.), and Allium sieboldii (Ajania tenuifolia L.), etc., wherein the proportion of the 3 kinds of plants in the feed additive is 35.0% of Potentilla anserine, 25.0% of Artemisia equina, 20.0% of Allium avium and 20.0% of Alliuliulium sieboldii in sequence.
Auxiliary agents: the component accounts for 10.0% of the total amount of the forage additive, and optionally wheat flour with dual functions of adhesive and flavoring agent, or other edible substances with similar functions such as: starch.
A preparation method of a forage additive for herbivores comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting corresponding plants from the flowering phase to the field of each medicinal plant, and performing dehydration and drying treatment in time in an artificial drying or airing manner, wherein the moisture content of the dried powder is controlled below 15%, and the powder is strictly prevented from being corrupted;
step 2, respectively crushing different medicinal plants according to medicinal categories or plant species for later use;
step 3, weighing powder and auxiliary agents according to the proportion of the medicinal components in the additive (see attached table 1), and uniformly mixing in a container or a stirrer;
and 4, storing the prepared additive in a shady, cool, ventilated and dry place to avoid long-time solarization, wherein the storage period is preferably not more than 18 months.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the feed additive can meet the nutritional requirements of normal growth and development of livestock under the condition of barn feeding or semi-barn feeding, can improve the disease prevention and health care capability of herbivorous livestock, and can ensure and improve the quality and original flavor of livestock products.
The selected components and the matching proportion of the additive are determined by analyzing long-term (2018-. The compatibility of the medicinal plants of the additive completely comes from the natural ingestion record and the combination proportion of the natural ingestion record of the herbivorous livestock, so that the additive has the characteristics of safety, synergy, attenuation and conformity with the physiological requirements of the livestock, and conforms to the natural law and physiological mechanism of disease prevention, disease treatment and health care. Through a feeding experiment of 150 days for 16 adult Tibetan sheep in a Hequ Maji of Maqu county of autonomous State of Tibetan of Gannan, compared with a control group adopting conventional feed, the average weight gain of a test group in a test period is 17.7%, the average weight gain of the control group is 14.4%, and the difference is obvious (P is more than or equal to 0.05); the number of individuals without any symptom expression in the test group is 14, the number of the control group is 8, the individuals account for 87.5 percent and 50.0 percent of the total number of the test Tibetan sheep, and the health rate is improved by 37.5 percent compared with the control group fed with the conventional feed. In a feeding experiment of a Massa Medicata Fermentata county Cuminum celery animal station for 70 days of 8 adult yaks, compared with a control group adopting conventional feed, the average weight of the tested yaks in a test period is 16.2%, the average weight of the control group is 12.4%, and the difference is obvious (P is more than or equal to 0.05); in the test period, 8 individuals without any symptom expression in the test group are 7 control groups, which respectively account for 100 percent and 87.5 percent of the total number of the Tibetan sheep, and the health rate is improved by 12.5 percent compared with the control group fed with the conventional feed. The above data also better demonstrate the practical utility of the present additive from one side.
Detailed Description
The addition proportion of the forage grass additive in use takes the wind dry weight of forage grass as a metering standard, and if the forage grass additive is fresh grass, the addition proportion can be converted into the wind dry weight metering addition according to the proportion of 1: 3. Before adding, the forage is first wetted by water, and then the additive is uniformly spread on the forage to make it uniformly adhere to the forage surface as much as possible.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
On the basis of the composition proportion of natural vegetation species, the natural feeding rule of herbivorous domestic animals and the systematic analysis of feeding attributes and health-care and medicinal functions of different plant components, the invention obtains the processing material of the feeding material additive component by collecting plants with special efficacy in the field according to the matching mode and matching defects of the existing barn feeding daily ration (feeding forage), and simultaneously processes the material into the feeding material additive component which is suitable for different seasons and livestock species under barn feeding conditions according to the functional type and natural proportional relation of the material so as to make up the defects of the traditional feeding forage. The specific combination scheme is as follows: dividing medicinal plants (containing health care plants) in natural grassland plant communities into four groups of heat clearing and detoxifying, anti-inflammation and sterilization, blood circulation promoting and blood stasis removing, diuresis inducing and bowel relaxing and disease prevention and health care according to the leading functions, collecting the overground parts of plants (collected in the field or artificially planted) of each functional group in the flowering season, drying (drying or airing) and crushing, determining the mixing proportion of the plants of each functional group according to the ingestion frequency and the ingestion amount of various plants in different seasons under the natural grazing condition of herbivorous livestock, and simultaneously adding a proper amount of edible powder with the effects of attaching and improving palatability to prepare the forage grass additive component (see table 1 specifically).
TABLE 1 functional Components and proportional compositions of forage additives
In the specific implementation process of the technical scheme of the invention, the data of the weight gain experiment are carried out, and the comparison of the weight gain effect of the Tibetan sheep fed with the additive is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 comparison of the weight gain effect of Tibetan sheep after eating the additive
Note: the experimental site is a Hequ Maji of Maqu county, Gannan, and the participating test-storage sheep are 1-2 years old Capricorn sheep, and are raised in pens by adopting complete barn feeding. Through difference significance test, the weight gain amplitude of the Tibetan sheep to be tested is significantly higher than that of the control group, and P is less than or equal to 0.05. The test group had a normal condition of 87.5% and the control group had a normal condition of 50.0% during the test period.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions that can be obviously obtained by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A forage additive for herbivores is characterized in that the additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: component 1: 20 parts, component 2: 18 parts, component 3: 16 parts, component 4: 16 parts, component 5: 20 parts of radix asteris, 30 parts of polygonum bulborum, 20 parts of anemone argentea and 20 parts of ligularia virgaurea, and 10 parts of an auxiliary agent, wherein the component 1 comprises 30 parts of radix asteris, 30 parts of polygonum bulborum, 20 parts of ligularia virgaurea; the component 2 comprises 30 parts of gentian, 30 parts of gansu acanthopanax bean and 40 parts of rice pocket; the component 3 comprises 40 parts of caoyume and 60 parts of saussurea involucrate; the component 4 comprises 35.0 parts of dandelion, 30.0 parts of rumex acetosa and 35.0 parts of astragalus; 35.0 parts of potentilla anserine, 25.0 parts of pedicularis acutifolia, 20.0 parts of alpine leek and 20.0 parts of filifolium.
2. A herbivore forage additive according to claim 1 wherein the adjuvant is wheat flour and/or starch.
3. A method of preparing the herbivore forage additive of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1, collecting corresponding plants from the flowering phase to the field of each medicinal plant, and performing dehydration and drying treatment in time in an artificial drying or airing manner, wherein the moisture content of the dried powder is controlled to be below 15%;
step 2, respectively crushing different medicinal plants according to medicinal categories or plant species for later use;
step 3, weighing powder and auxiliary agents according to the proportion of the medicinal components in the additive, and putting the powder and the auxiliary agents into a container or a stirrer to be uniformly mixed;
and 4, storing the prepared additive in a shady, cool, ventilated and dry place to avoid long-time solarization, wherein the storage period is no more than 18 months.
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| CN202110817750.8A CN113349297A (en) | 2021-07-20 | 2021-07-20 | Forage additive for herbivores and preparation method thereof |
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