CN113347658A - Channel state detection method for pseudo center node competition generation - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication networks, and provides a channel state detection method for pseudo center node competition generation, which solves the problem that the wireless channel state is detected wrongly by singly adopting wireless signal power or energy detection. The method judges the state of a wireless channel by utilizing the power of a detected wireless signal and combining a special frame header correlation operation result of a physical frame, the special frame header of the physical frame adopts two groups of pseudo-random sequences with different lengths, the first group is used for auxiliary detection of the signal power, the second group is used for performing cross-correlation operation to obtain a correlation operation result for judging a useful signal, and then generates a pseudo center in a competition manner according to the state of the wireless channel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication networks, and particularly relates to a channel state detection method suitable for pseudo center node competition generation in a self-organizing network.
Background
In emergency communication situations, wireless ad hoc network systems are playing an increasingly important role. The wireless ad hoc network system supports any network topology structure, and node equipment in the network can randomly access, quit or re-access the network without influencing the transmission of the communication system. However, in a network without a scheduling center, the access technology adopting random backoff has the problems of collision, node hiding and the like with a certain probability, and the network design based on the pseudo center can exactly solve the problems and simultaneously ensure the self-organization characteristic of the network.
Generally, the generation and extinction of the competition of the pseudo center node are decided based on the current state of a wireless channel, and actually, when the design is implemented, the busy and idle states of the channel are judged by detecting the signal power in the wireless channel. When the power of the wireless signal is used for judging the channel state, the channel state is influenced by low noise amplification of the radio frequency front end of the equipment, noise of a radio frequency receiving circuit and the like, and the influence factors directly cause that a busy and idle threshold value set when the wireless channel state is judged is too large or too small; the busy-idle threshold is set to be too large, so that the node is detected by mistake, and the channel is considered to be in an idle state and collide with other nodes; if the busy-idle threshold is set too small, false detection can occur to determine that the channel is always busy, and the channel cannot compete to generate a pseudo center.
The random back-off access technology and the pseudo center design are two mac networking modes commonly used in the current wireless ad hoc network system. The common channel collision solving method for the random back-off access technology comprises the following steps: and adopting a data-ack frame response combined with a virtual carrier sensing mode and a data-ack frame response plus RTS-CTS access mode. The disadvantages common to both approaches are: the transmission efficiency of the physical frame is low and the transmission rate is limited, so that collision cannot be completely avoided and the problem of hiding the terminal cannot be solved. By adopting the ad hoc network mode designed by the pseudo center, the utilization rate of the channel is greatly improved, the transmission efficiency is high, and the multi-node high-speed stable transmission can be realized; meanwhile, the collision problem in transmission can be solved based on the design of the pseudo center and dynamic TDMA, the occurrence of collision is limited in the process that the node is accessed into the network, the collision probability of the accessed network is very low after the random backoff access mechanism is combined, and no collision occurs when the node is accessed into the network and is transmitted in a fixed allocation time slot; the broadcast information sharing of each node in the pseudo-center network can be used for realizing the virtual routing of the mac layer, and further solving the problem of hidden terminals. For ad hoc network design based on a pseudo center, generation and exit of pseudo center nodes, access and exit of non-pseudo center nodes, and networking management of a mac network become main problems to be solved by a mac layer. The competition generation pseudo center is the key problem which is solved for mac networking firstly, and the competition generation pseudo center needs to be generated through program comprehensive decision according to the channel state, so that the reliability of the generated pseudo center is determined by the accuracy of the channel state information, and the stability of the ad hoc network system is determined. Since the wireless channel state is generally determined by detecting the power or energy of the wireless signal, and is affected by factors such as noise of the wireless channel and equipment, and the power or energy detection of the wireless signal has a large error by setting a threshold, there is an urgent need to research a channel state detection method suitable for generation of the pseudo center node.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a channel state detection method for pseudo center node competition generation, aiming at solving the technical problem that the channel state judgment is inaccurate due to the fact that the wireless signal power or energy setting threshold has errors when the wireless signal power or energy is singly adopted to detect and judge the wireless channel state.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a channel state detection method for pseudo center node competition generation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) wireless signal power detection
1.1) calculating the average power p of the radio signalsig；
1.2) average power p to radio signalsigAnd a threshold value pthdComparing, if the node detects the average power psigLess than a threshold value pthdAnd the duration t1 is more than 0.1s, then step 2) is executed; if not, returning to the step 1.1);
2) auxiliary power detection for wireless signals
2.1) taking the current time t as a mark, taking 64 standard symbols from t +1 to t +64 as a group of signals, and carrying out sliding correlation operation on the wireless signals and another group of signals of 64 standard symbols from t +65 to t +128 to obtain a sliding correlation operation result Rchu0；
Wherein, the wireless signal is expressed by { a + bi };
2.2) to the result R of the sliding correlationchu0And a threshold value Rthd0Performing real-time comparison, if the sliding correlation operation result R of 128 standard symbols continueschu0Greater than a threshold value Rthd0And returning to the step 1.1); if not, executing the step 2.3);
2.3) by using the methods of the steps 2.1) and 2.2), sequentially carrying out sliding correlation operation and comparison symbol by symbol according to the symbol sampling rate of the wireless signal until the detection time reaches the set time t2, and executing the step 3);
3) detection identification of wireless signal
3.1) carrying out cross-correlation operation on the wireless signal with the current time t as a mark and 512 standard symbols from t +1 to t +512 as a group and a locally stored chu1 sequence to obtain a cross-correlation operation result Rchu1；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
n＝1,2,...,512；
Rchu1＝r1 2，
3.2) to the result R of the cross-correlationchu1And a threshold value Rthd1Performing real-time comparison, if the result R is cross-correlationchu1Greater than a threshold value Rthd1And returning to the step 1.1); if not, executing the step 3.3);
3.3) performing signal cross-correlation operation and comparison sequentially one by one according to the symbol sampling rate of the wireless signals by using the methods of the steps 3.1) and 3.2) until the detection time reaches the set time t3, wherein the node of the step 1.2) is a pseudo-center node.
Further, step 1.1) specifically includes calculating I, Q an average power p of the two orthogonal wireless signalssig，psigThe expression is as follows:
further, in step 1.1), the quantization bit width of the I, Q two paths of orthogonal wireless signals is 12;
in step 1.2), threshold pthd＝16384。
Further, step 4) is to perform work and extinction of the pseudo center node after step 3):
the pseudo center node periodically sends a physical frame, judges whether other nodes exist in a network to which the pseudo center node is accessed, and if so, accesses the network to start normal work by other nodes in the network according to the received pseudo center node information; if not, the pseudo center node disappears.
Further, t2 in step 2.3) and t3 in step 3.3) are equal.
Further, in step 1.2), t1 is 1 s;
t2 in step 2.3) and t3 in step 3.3) are both 200 ms.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention judges the wireless channel state by combining the detected wireless signal power with the special frame head correlation operation result of the physical frame, the special frame head of the physical frame adopts two groups of pseudo-random sequences with different lengths, the first group is used for auxiliary detection of the signal power, the second group is used for cross-correlation operation to obtain the correlation operation result for judging the useful signal, and the invention adopts the combination of the two groups, thereby better solving the problem that the threshold value is set too large or too small in a single mode, and the accurate result of the wireless channel state ensures that the false center node can not generate false detection in the competition generation process, thereby enhancing the robustness of the wireless ad hoc network system.
2. The two groups of pseudo-random sequences with different lengths are adopted in the invention, and the longer group of pseudo-random sequences has better spread spectrum characteristics and correlation characteristics.
3. The invention adopts two groups of pseudo-random sequences with different lengths as the frame headers of the physical frames, the two groups of pseudo-random sequences can be used as the judgment marks of the wireless channel state, and can also be used as the pilot symbols of frame synchronization and channel estimation operation in the transmission of the physical frames, and the multiplexing of the frame headers also reduces the cost of the physical frames.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a process of generating and disappearing a pseudo hub node according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
The invention discloses a channel state detection method generated by pseudo center node competition, which adopts the power detection of wireless signals and the detection of two groups of pseudo random sequences with different lengths, and comprises the following steps:
1) wireless signal power detection
The power detection of the wireless signal adopts the average power p of I, Q two-way orthogonal signalssigAs reference and threshold pthdComparing to obtain the detection result, and detecting the average power p of the wireless signalsigLess than a threshold value pthdAnd the duration t1 is more than 0.1s, the detection of the pseudorandom sequence with shorter length is continued (namely step 2)), if not, the step 1.1 is returned;
wherein the average power psigThe calculation method is as follows:
(j ═ 1,2 …, 256); threshold value pthdThe quantization bit width of the I, Q two orthogonal signals can be reasonably set. Threshold p of the inventionthdThe threshold p can be set smaller because the detection method of the invention combines the detection of two groups of pseudo-random sequences with different lengthsthdAnd if the setting is too small, false detection can not occur, and the channel is always in a busy state, so that a pseudo center cannot be generated. The setting of the duration t1 is an empirical value in actual engineering, corresponding configuration is carried out according to the requirement for the self-networking network establishment time in actual engineering, the shorter the requirement establishment time is, the smaller the setting of the duration is, otherwise, the greater the setting is.
In this embodiment, if the quantization bit width of the I, Q two orthogonal signals is 12, p isthdCan be set as follows: p is a radical ofthd＝128216384, wherein 128 is 2(12-5). When the average power of the wireless signal is detected to be less than 16384 and the duration t1 is 1s, the detection of the pseudo-random sequence with the shorter length is continued.
2) Auxiliary power detection for wireless signals
The method is characterized in that a special pseudo-random sequence is adopted as a frame header of a physical frame and used for detecting the energy of signals and accurately acquiring the state of a wireless channel by combining a correlation operation result, a group of sequences chu0 with short length is positioned at the forefront position of the frame header in two groups of pseudo-random sequences with different lengths, each chu0 comprises 64 physical frame standard symbols, the number of chu0 of the frame header of the physical frame can be configured according to actual engineering requirements, generally can be configured into 6-12, and is selected from 10 in the embodiment. The sequence is adopted to be used as auxiliary power detection of a wireless signal, and the specific process is as follows:
2.1) taking the current time t as a mark, taking 64 standard symbols from t +1 to t +64 as a group of signals, and performing sliding correlation operation on the received wireless signals and another group of signals with 64 standard symbols from t +65 to t +128 to obtain a sliding correlation operation resultRchu0；
The definition of the chu0 sequence is:
the calculation process of the sliding correlation operation by using the chu0 is as follows:
suppose that the radio signal is represented by { a + bi }, a represents the I branch of the received radio signal, b represents the Q branch of the received radio signal, I represents the imaginary part of the complex signal, and the baseband signal is represented by the complex signal { a + bi };
the sliding correlation result is:
2.2) to the result R of the sliding correlationchu0And a threshold value Rthd0Performing real-time comparison, and performing sliding correlation operation on the result R when 128 standard symbols lastchu0Greater than a threshold value Rthd0If the auxiliary power detection of the wireless signal is successful, returning to the step 1.1); if not, the sequence chu0 is not detected, and step 2.3) is executed;
wherein, the threshold value Rthd0Is actually an empirical value, specifically, an average value of the sliding correlation results of the measured chu0 is used as a threshold value under the condition that the received wireless signal has power of-95 dBm (the sensitivity of the wireless link is subtracted by 5 to be used as a reference value, for example, the sensitivity is-90 dBm, and then is referred to as-95 dBm);
2.3) carrying out sliding correlation operation and comparison sequentially symbol by symbol according to the symbol sampling rate of the wireless signal by using the methods of the steps 2.1) and 2.2) until the result R of the sliding correlation operationchu0Less than a threshold value Rthd0If the detection time continuously meeting the condition reaches the set time t2, the detection of the long pseudorandom sequence is continued, namely step 3) is executed;
where t2 is an empirical value in actual engineering, and it needs to perform corresponding configuration according to a requirement for the ad hoc network setup time in actual engineering, and the shorter the setup time is, the smaller the setting of the duration is, otherwise, the larger the setup time is, and t2 is 200ms in this embodiment.
3) Detection identification of wireless signal
The sequence of the physical frame immediately following the sequence of chu0 in the frame header is a group of sequences chu1 with a longer length, each chu1 contains 512 standard symbols of the physical frame, the number of chu1 in this embodiment is 2, which just meets all functions in the physical frame, and the sequences mainly serve as detection identification of wireless signals, fine synchronization, carrier frequency offset calculation, channel estimation and the like. The sequence is used as a detection identifier of a wireless signal, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
3.1) carrying out cross-correlation operation on the received wireless signal with the current time t as a mark and 512 standard symbols from t +1 to t +512 as a group and a locally stored chu1 sequence (512 standard symbols) to obtain a cross-correlation operation result Rchu1；
The definition of the chu1 sequence is:
the calculation process of the cross-correlation operation using chu1 is: assuming that the wireless signal is represented by { a + bi } and the local chu1 is represented by { x + yi }, the cross-correlation result is:
3.2) to the result R of the cross-correlationchu1And a threshold value Rthd1Performing real-time comparison, when the result R is cross-correlationchu1Greater than a threshold value Rthd1If the wireless signal detection is successful, returning to the step 1.1); otherwise, no useful wireless signal is detected, and step 3.3) is executed;
wherein, the threshold value Rthd1One approach is to base the received radio signal at-100 dBm (sensitivity of the radio link minus 10 as a reference, e.g., -90dBm, then-100 dBm).
3.3) carrying out signal cross-correlation operation and comparison one by one according to the symbol sampling rate of the wireless signals by using the methods of the steps 3.1) and 3.2) in sequence until the cross-correlation operation result Rchu1Less than a threshold value Rthd1And if the detection time continuously meeting the condition reaches the set time t3, the node in the step 1.2) is a pseudo center node.
t3 is an empirical value in actual engineering, and it needs to be configured correspondingly according to the requirement for the time for establishing the ad hoc network in actual engineering, and the shorter the time for establishing the requirement, the smaller the setting of the duration, otherwise, the larger the setting. In this embodiment, if the signal is not successfully detected within the duration t3 of 200ms, the pseudo center node generates a start network.
4) Operation and extinction of pseudo center node
The pseudo center node periodically sends a physical frame, judges whether other nodes exist in a network to which the pseudo center node is accessed, and if so, accesses the network to start normal work by other nodes in the network according to the received pseudo center node information; if not, the pseudo center node disappears.
The method judges the wireless channel state by using the detected wireless signal power and combining the special frame head correlation operation result of the physical frame, and generates the pseudo center according to the wireless channel state and competition.
The generation and extinction process of the pseudo center node in this embodiment may be implemented by using a state machine, as shown in fig. 1, the working process of the state machine specifically includes:
(1) in the initial state S0, the node is in the monitoring state of the wireless channel, when the node detects the average power p of the wireless signalsigLess than a threshold value pthdStarts counting once it is greater than threshold pthdThe counter returns to zero, otherwise, the counter is increased by 1 until the condition of the duration time t1 is met, and the state machine jumps to S1 to continue working;
(2) a physical frame detection state S1, monitoring the chu0 detection result after the wireless signal enters the receiver, if detecting the chu0 in t2 time, the state machine returns to the initial state, and the node judges whether the node can access the network according to the received information; if chu0 was not detected within time t2, the state machine jumps to S2 for continued operation;
(3) a physical frame detection state S2, monitoring the chu1 detection result after the wireless signal enters the receiver, if detecting the chu1 in t3 time, the state machine returns to the initial state, and the node judges whether the node can access the network according to the received information; if chu1 was not detected within time t3, the node becomes a pseudo-center node and the state machine jumps to S3 for continued operation;
(4) and a pseudo center node working state S3, in which the pseudo center node starts to periodically send physical frames, the physical frames contain broadcast information such as network state information and time slot allocation information, and other nodes access the network to start normal work according to the received pseudo center node information. For the pseudo center node, if no signal of the non-pseudo center node is received within the time t4, it indicates that no other node exists in the current network, in this case, the pseudo center node cannot communicate with other node and does not exist, the pseudo center node dies, and the state machine returns to the initial state S0 and continues to work.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the technical solution of the present invention, and any modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the main technical idea of the present invention belong to the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A channel state detection method for pseudo center node competition generation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) wireless signal power detection
1.1) calculating the average power p of the radio signalsig；
1.2) average power p to radio signalsigAnd a threshold value pthdComparing, if the node detects the average power psigLess than a threshold value pthdAnd duration t1 >0.1s, then step 2) is executed; if not, returning to the step 1.1);
2) auxiliary power detection for wireless signals
2.1) taking the current time t as a mark, taking 64 standard symbols from t +1 to t +64 as a group of signals, and carrying out sliding correlation operation on the wireless signals and another group of signals of 64 standard symbols from t +65 to t +128 to obtain a sliding correlation operation result Rchu0；
Wherein, let the wireless signal be expressed by { a + bi };
2.2) to the result R of the sliding correlationchu0And a threshold value Rthd0Performing real-time comparison, if the sliding correlation operation result R of 128 standard symbols continueschu0Greater than a threshold value Rthd0And returning to the step 1.1); if not, executing the step 2.3);
2.3) by using the methods of the steps 2.1) and 2.2), sequentially carrying out sliding correlation operation and comparison symbol by symbol according to the symbol sampling rate of the wireless signal until the detection time reaches the set time t2, and executing the step 3);
3) detection identification of wireless signal
3.1) carrying out cross-correlation operation on the wireless signal with the current time t as a mark and 512 standard symbols from t +1 to t +512 as a group and a locally stored chu1 sequence to obtain a cross-correlation operation result Rchu1；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Rchu1＝r1 2，
3.2) to the result R of the cross-correlationchu1And a threshold value Rthd1Performing real-time comparison, if the result R is cross-correlationchu1Greater than a threshold valueRthd1And returning to the step 1.1); if not, executing the step 3.3);
3.3) performing signal cross-correlation operation and comparison sequentially one by one according to the symbol sampling rate of the wireless signals by using the methods of the steps 3.1) and 3.2) until the detection time reaches the set time t3, wherein the node of the step 1.2) is a pseudo-center node.
2. The method for detecting the channel state generated by the pseudo center node in competition according to claim 1, wherein: step 1.1) specifically includes calculating I, Q average power p of two paths of orthogonal wireless signalssig，psigThe expression is as follows:
3. the method for detecting the channel state generated by the pseudo center node in competition according to claim 2, wherein: in step 1.1), the quantization bit width of the I, Q two paths of orthogonal wireless signals is 12;
in step 1.2), threshold pthd＝16384。
4. The method for detecting the channel state generated by the contention of the pseudo center node according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein step 3) is followed by step 4) of the operation and extinction of the pseudo center node:
the pseudo center node periodically sends a physical frame, judges whether other nodes exist in a network to which the pseudo center node is accessed, and if so, accesses the network to start normal work by other nodes in the network according to the received pseudo center node information; if not, the pseudo center node disappears.
5. The method for detecting channel state generated by contention of pseudo center node according to claim 4, wherein: t2 in step 2.3) and t3 in step 3.3) are equal.
6. The method for detecting the channel state generated by the pseudo center node in competition according to claim 5, wherein: in step 1.2), t1 is 1 s;
t2 in step 2.3) and t3 in step 3.3) are both 200 ms.
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