CN113342815B - BIM-based historic site protection method and system - Google Patents
BIM-based historic site protection method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113342815B CN113342815B CN202110654376.4A CN202110654376A CN113342815B CN 113342815 B CN113342815 B CN 113342815B CN 202110654376 A CN202110654376 A CN 202110654376A CN 113342815 B CN113342815 B CN 113342815B
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Abstract
The invention provides a BIM-based historic site protection method and system, wherein collected historic site information data of each stage are processed and uploaded to a cloud server; establishing a BIM historic site model filing database, processing the uploaded data in the cloud server, establishing BIM historic site models of all stages, and storing the BIM historic site models in the BIM historic site model filing database; the BIM cloud information integrated historic site model is established through the BIM historic site models of all stages, and data extraction and feedback are carried out on the BIM cloud information integrated historic site model through an original historic site collection processing database and a BIM historic site model filing database. The invention uses the same cloud server to collect and process data of each stage, unifies the result output modes of each stage, solves the problems that the results of data chains of each stage are not universal, the data management is disordered, and the data is coarse and low in precision, really realizes the post-evaluation work of reversible query and daily maintenance of the vestige of the data, promotes the verification work of the protection technology, and improves the vestige protection technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of historic site protection, in particular to a historic site protection method and system based on BIM.
Background
At present, no similar integrated historic site protection and maintenance technical process exists in the market. Usually, corresponding data are collected and processed respectively at each stage of the historic site protection, and finally, the data are stored in a two-dimensional electronic information form. As shown in fig. 1, the system is characterized in that a unidirectional data chain is formed in a linear manner at each stage, each data chain corresponds to a respective data recording and data processing manner, and information of each data chain is solidified and stored in the forms of paper texts, audio and video data, electronic pictures and the like and is used as necessary data for establishing the next data chain.
The problems of the existing historic site protection technical process are mainly shown as follows: firstly, a staged unidirectional data link working mode enables each data link to have respective working mode and achievement mode, usually, the achievements are only responsible for the completeness of the stage, and the data link of the next stage is often not well suitable for the achievement of the previous stage, so that data in the database cannot be mutually universal. Secondly, due to the fact that the historic site protection period is long, and the types of the participated technologies are various, data results in the stage linear database are easy to lose, and the state that no historical data record is available is caused to the establishment of a follow-up working data chain. Thirdly, because the data in the database can not be communicated with each other and is easy to lose, the establishment of each new data chain can repeatedly acquire and process the data result of the previous stage, so that the accuracy of the result of each stage is reduced, and the loss of the historical data can be irretrievable loss, thereby reducing the effectiveness of the result of the new data chain. And fourthly, due to the particularity of the objects in the field, after each vestige protection project is finished, the ancient sites must be monitored for a long time at a long daily maintenance stage, so that the effectiveness of the protection project and the technology is verified, and necessary data collection work is performed for the next protection project.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above disadvantages of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and a system for historic site protection based on BIM, which are used to solve the problems of the prior art that data at each stage cannot be used commonly, easily lost, low accuracy and unable to feed back query.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention is realized as follows: a BIM-based historic preservation method comprises the following steps:
step 1, establishing a historic site collection database, and storing the collected historic site information data of each stage into the historic site collection database;
step 2, establishing an original historic site acquisition and processing database, processing data in the historic site acquisition database, uploading the processed data to a cloud server, and storing the processed data into the original historic site acquisition and processing database;
step 3, establishing a BIM historic site model filing database, processing uploaded data in a cloud server, establishing BIM historic site models of all stages, and storing the BIM historic site models into the BIM historic site model filing database;
and 4, establishing a BIM cloud information integrated historic site model through the BIM historic site models of all stages, wherein the BIM cloud information integrated historic site model carries out data extraction and feedback through the original historic site acquisition and processing database and the BIM historic site model filing database.
Further, the processing of the data in the historic collection database comprises the following steps:
step 2.1, extracting data and analyzing and removing unavailable and irrelevant data;
step 2.2, classifying the data obtained in the step 2.1;
step 2.3, the data obtained in the step 2.2 is subjected to precision determination;
and 2.4, recombining the data obtained in the step 2.3 and converting the data into data which can be recognized by a BIM system.
Further, the processing of the uploaded data in the cloud server comprises the following steps:
step 3.1, comparing the historical data in the original historic site acquisition and processing database to obtain the change of the historic site in the protection process;
step 3.2, modeling is carried out according to the change of the historic sites in the protection process;
and 3.3, defining data and time periods for the components in the modeling, and overlapping and recombining the models in the time periods.
Furthermore, in the first step, the ancient painting collection stage is respectively an ancient painting place geographic information processing stage, an ancient painting body exploration stage, an ancient painting protection engineering stage, an ancient painting display engineering stage and an ancient painting daily maintenance information stage.
Further, the BIM historic site model filing database comprises a BIM historic site terrain information model library, a BIM historic site survey information model library, a BIM historic site protection engineering model library, a BIM historic site display engineering model library and a BIM historic site daily maintenance model library.
Further, the invention also provides a BIM-based historic site protection system, which comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the historic site information data of each stage;
the data extraction module is used for extracting the collected data from the historic site collection database;
the data judgment module is used for removing unavailable data in the historic site acquisition database;
the data processing module is used for processing the data in the historic site acquisition database;
the data analysis module is used for eliminating irrelevant data in the historic site acquisition database;
the data classification module is used for classifying the data in the analyzed historical data acquisition database;
the data processing module is used for processing and determining the precision of the classified data in the historic site acquisition database;
the data recombination module is used for recombining the data in the historic site acquisition database;
the data BIM module is used for converting and outputting data in the historic site acquisition database into data which can be recognized by a BIM system;
the BIM data comparison module is used for comparing historical data in the original historic site acquisition and processing database to obtain the change of the historic site in the protection process;
the BIM data modeling module is used for modeling according to the change of the historic site in the protection process;
the BIM model definition module is used for performing data definition on the modeled component;
the BIM model time module is used for defining time periods of the modeled components;
the BIM model laminating module is used for overlapping different time periods of the modeled components;
and the BIM model recombination module is used for recombining the defined modeling components to form a complete model.
As described above, the method and system for protecting ancient sites based on BIM of the present invention have the following advantages:
firstly, the same cloud server is used for collecting and processing data of each stage, the result output modes of each stage are unified, and the problem that the results of data chains of each stage are not universal is solved.
Secondly, data is processed and stored in the cloud, the problem of disordered database management in each stage is solved, the data recording mode can be simplified, a centralized database is established and multiple backups are carried out, the problem of data loss is solved, and effective and reliable data support is provided for the work in the later stage.
Thirdly, the problems of low roughness and precision and mutual contradiction of data in each stage are solved, and because the data collected in each stage are continuously accumulated in the same data model, errors and contradictions of data information can be effectively avoided, and the work results of each stage are accurately and fixedly obtained.
Fourthly, the problem of data accumulation is solved, the data reversible query and the post-evaluation work of the trail daily maintenance are really realized, the verification work of the protection technology is promoted, and the trail protection technology is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a prior art historic preservation system;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a BIM-based historic site protection system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method for BIM-based ancient painting protection according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the drawings only show the components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the type, amount and proportion of each component in actual implementation can be changed freely, and the layout of the components can be more complicated.
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention provides a BIM-based historic site protection system, which comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the historic site information data of each stage;
the data extraction module is used for extracting the collected data from the historic site collection database;
the data judgment module is used for removing unavailable data in the historic site acquisition database;
the data processing module is used for processing the data in the historic site acquisition database;
the data analysis module is used for eliminating irrelevant data in the historic site acquisition database;
the data classification module is used for classifying the data in the analyzed historic site acquisition database;
the data processing module is used for processing and determining the precision of the classified data in the historic site acquisition database;
the data recombination module is used for recombining the data in the historic site acquisition database;
the data BIM module is used for converting and outputting data in the historic site acquisition database into data which can be recognized by a BIM system;
the BIM data comparison module is used for comparing historical data in the original historic site acquisition and processing database to obtain the change of the historic site in the protection process;
the BIM data modeling module is used for modeling according to the change of the historic site in the protection process;
the BIM model definition module is used for carrying out data definition on the modeled component;
the BIM model time module is used for defining time periods of the modeled components;
the BIM model laminating module is used for overlapping different time periods of the modeled components;
and the BIM model recombination module is used for recombining the defined modeling components to form a complete model.
As shown in fig. 3, the present invention provides a method for protecting ancient sites based on BIM, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, establishing a historic site collection database, collecting historic site information through a collection module, and storing the collected historic site information data of each stage into the historic site collection database. The stage of collecting the ancient sites is respectively an ancient site geographic information processing stage, an ancient body excavation exploration stage, an ancient protection engineering stage, an ancient display engineering stage and an ancient daily maintenance information stage.
In the process of processing the geographic information of the historic site, basic landform, terrain and infrastructure information data of the historic site, such as the natural geographic data (landform, soil layer distribution, underground water distribution, historic geographic coordinates), the infrastructure data (underground facilities, ground urban facilities) of the surrounding cities of the historic site, and the geographic information data (coordinate position, elevation, azimuth, height, buried depth) of the historic site are collected by combining the GIS geographic information remote sensing technology.
In the ancient writing ontology exploration stage, the laser three-dimensional mapping technology and the three-dimensional image scanning technology are combined to collect ancient writing ontology data, such as ancient writing ontology three-dimensional scanning point cloud data, ancient writing ontology three-dimensional scanning photo data, ancient writing ontology storage state data, ancient writing ontology year overlying state data and ancient writing pathological disease data. In addition, when the ancient sites are earthen sites or graves, archaeological excavation data also need to be added.
In the ancient writing protection engineering stage, a three-dimensional photo technology and an engineering surveying and mapping technology are adopted to collect basic data which changes before and after the ancient writing construction in the protection engineering, such as protection engineering construction process data, ancient writing disease technology processing data, ancient writing display structure data and ancient writing engineering front and back body surveying and mapping data.
And in the ancient painting engineering stage, displaying the collected ancient painting information.
In the ancient writing routine maintenance information stage, combine the temperature-sensing ware among the ancient writing routine maintenance, humidity inductor, scan with routine maintenance regular three-dimensional photo, detect the change in state of ancient writing in maintaining, like ancient writing temperature data, ancient writing humidity data, ancient writing daily deformation data and ancient writing morals and manners data. The collection of these systematic raw data becomes the basis for post-processing.
And 2, establishing an original historic site acquisition and processing database, processing the data in the historic site acquisition database, uploading the processed data to a cloud server, and storing the processed data into the original historic site acquisition and processing database.
The processing of the data in the historic site collection database comprises the following steps:
and 2.1, extracting the collected data from the historic site collection database through a data extraction module, loading the collected three-dimensional point cloud data of the historic site into Scene software, and processing the data through a data processing module. Scene software can intuitively and efficiently capture, process and register three-dimensional point cloud data. And removing unavailable information points through a data judgment module, if the scanning point cloud needs to be filtered by Scene software, outliers are filtered, and available point cloud data are stored. And performing necessary analysis on the processed data through a data analysis module, and further excluding irrelevant data, such as excluding coordinate data points which are mistakenly entered into a scanning area from an object needing to record information in three-dimensional scanning.
And 2.2, classifying the data obtained in the step 2.1 according to work requirements through a data classification module, and slicing the point cloud model according to the work requirements, such as taking three-dimensional point cloud of building historic sites as an example, and dividing the point cloud model into building facade point cloud, building interior facade point cloud, building section point cloud and building plane point cloud.
And 2.3, performing precision determination on the data obtained in the step 2.2 through a data processing module, processing classified data information into available precision, determining the precision of the required point cloud to be 1 meter or 0.5 meter in laser point cloud scanning, and deleting cloud points with redundant precision, so that the precision of each system adapts to the requirements of related work.
And 2.4, recombining the data obtained in the step 2.3 through a data recombining module, and recombining the available specific precision point cloud data into a point cloud model. And converting the data into data which can be recognized by a BIM system through a data BIM module. The point cloud data in the format of XYZ and LSD is output as model data in the format of DWG and PLN, for example, using pointab software. In the data processing flow process, the data acquisition of each ancient writing protection stage can prolong the use of the original acquisition method and the original processing mode, but the data information which can be identified and used by the BIM system is finally required to be output, and the original data is backed up and stored.
And 3, establishing a BIM historic site model filing database, processing the uploaded data in the cloud server, establishing BIM historic site models of all stages, and storing the BIM historic site models in the BIM historic site model filing database. The BIM historic site model backup database comprises a BIM historic site terrain information model library, a BIM historic site survey information model library, a BIM historic site protection engineering model library, a BIM historic site display engineering model library and a BIM historic site daily maintenance model library.
The processed data are transmitted to a BIM cloud end, a BIM working model is established by utilizing the processed original data, and the model can be used for carrying out three-dimensional, visual and realistic processing on various data and further assisting development of historic site protection work as a working platform for data comparison, data superposition, data backtracking and data monitoring.
The method for processing the uploaded data in the cloud server comprises the following steps:
and 3.1, comparing historical data in the original historic site acquisition and processing database through a BIM data comparison module to obtain the change of the historic site in the protection process, such as the mechanical deformation of a historic site building component, namely whether the state of the structural component in the historical database is different from that of the structural component which is scanned three-dimensionally recently, wherein the difference mainly represents the three-dimensional coordinate displacement of the component in a space coordinate, so as to judge the pathological change of the historic site or the effect after the implementation of the protection work. This step can be skipped if a protection model is built for this historic site.
And 3.2, modeling is carried out according to the change of the historic site in the protection process through a BIM data modeling module, namely, a data model consistent with reality is established according to the compared data and the real situation, so that various data have a three-dimensional visual form. Specifically, taking a building structural member scanned by three-dimensional laser as an example, the change of the historic site state on the spatial coordinate data level can be clearly known through the data comparison of the previous step, the change is visualized in the module, the three-dimensional point cloud data is used for carrying out solid modeling, the length, width, height and spatial position of the historic site member are defined by the data of cloud points, and a three-dimensional model of the historic site member is established by using a modeling tool in Archicad software, such as a Beam tool.
And 3.3, defining data and time periods of the members in modeling through a BIM model definition module, wherein the BIM system is a building information integration system, so that each modeled member can be defined in a data mode, for example, a three-dimensional model of a historic structural member beam is defined as a beam-1 in an ID (identification) name and is different from the beam in the previous data in shape change, and thus, the change of the stress state of the historic building in the stage can be systematically analyzed. Each data model or data component is defined on a time line through the BIM time module and the BIM laminating module, so that different components at multiple time points can be stored at the same spatial position of the historic site model. For example, the beam has different states in different protection stages, which can be defined as "beam-historic survey stage-2020" and "beam-historic protection stage-2021", so that the beam state at different time points can be called and viewed in a model at any time, or the beam at several time points can be analyzed in an overlapping manner, and the change of the beam in the time process can be checked in a manner of visualizing the model. The defined three-dimensional model of the ancient painting component is reconstructed into a complete model of the time period through a BIM model reconstruction module, for example, in an ancient painting exploration stage, the exploration and excavation results can be defined into a three-dimensional model by each definition component, then the three-dimensional model is overlapped with the model of the original ancient painting site information stage, the ancient painting state is set to be the ancient painting state of different time points on the same time line, and the ancient painting state is overlapped with the ancient painting geographic information model of the previous stage on the same geographic position to form a result file of the stage. The operation of the generation, the processing, the comparison, the definition and the superposition analysis of the working model can be completed at the cloud end, so that the cooperative matching of all the specialties is facilitated, and the storage and the preservation of files are also facilitated.
And 4, establishing a BIM cloud information integrated historic site model through the BIM historic site models of all stages, wherein the BIM cloud information integrated historic site model carries out data extraction and feedback through the original historic site acquisition and processing database and the BIM historic site model filing database. The BIM visualization model provides possibility of storage and superposition on spatial form and different time points for various changes in historic site protection, so that models in various stages can be continuously accumulated into a complete working model along with the advance of protection work, namely, the BIM cloud information integration historic site model. The model can store available original data of different stages at the same time, and can backtrack the change of the historic site three-dimensional model under different time states, so that the state of the historic site in each protection stage is compared, and key data evidence is made for the next protection decision.
After the complete data of each stage is collected, processed and the BIM cloud information integration historic site model is established, the BIM model of each stage can be stored and backed up as a stage result in the cloud, so that the retention of the data information can be ensured, and the development of the protection work of the next stage can be effectively supported. The databases can extract data in time and feed the data back to the BIM data comparison module of each stage to participate in the BIM model integration process of the next stage, so as to obtain effective integrated data and conclusion.
In summary, the historic site protection method and system based on the BIM of the invention have the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the same cloud server is used for collecting and processing data of each stage, and the result output modes of each stage are unified, so that the problem that the results of data chains of each stage are not universal is solved.
And secondly, the data is processed and stored at the cloud, so that the problem of disordered database management in each stage is solved, the data recording mode can be simplified, a centralized database is established and multiple backups are performed, the problem of data loss is avoided, and effective and reliable data support is provided for the later-stage work.
Thirdly, the problems of low roughness and precision and mutual contradiction of data in each stage are solved, and because the data collected in each stage are continuously accumulated in the same data model, errors and contradictions of data information can be effectively avoided, and the work results of each stage are accurately and solidly obtained.
Fourthly, the problem of data accumulation is solved, the data reversible query and the post-evaluation work of the trail daily maintenance are really realized, the verification work of the protection technology is promoted, and the trail protection technology is improved.
Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A BIM-based historic preservation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, establishing a historic site collection database, and storing the collected historic site information data of each stage into the historic site collection database;
step 2, establishing an original historic site acquisition and processing database, processing data in the historic site acquisition database, uploading the processed data to a cloud server, and storing the processed data into the original historic site acquisition and processing database;
step 3, establishing a BIM historic site model filing database, processing uploaded data in a cloud server, establishing BIM historic site models of all stages, and storing the BIM historic site models into the BIM historic site model filing database;
the method for processing the uploaded data in the cloud server comprises the following steps:
step 3.1, comparing the historical data in the original historic site acquisition and processing database to obtain the change of the historic site in the protection process;
step 3.2, modeling is carried out according to the change of the historic sites in the protection process;
step 3.3, defining data and time periods for the components in modeling, and overlapping and recombining the components to form a model of the time period;
and 4, establishing a BIM cloud information integrated historic site model through the BIM historic site models of all stages, wherein the BIM cloud information integrated historic site model carries out data extraction and feedback through the original historic site acquisition and processing database and the BIM historic site model filing database.
2. The BIM-based historic site protection method according to claim 1, wherein the processing of the data in the historic site collection database comprises the following steps:
step 2.1, extracting data and analyzing and removing unavailable and irrelevant data;
step 2.2, classifying the data obtained in the step 2.1;
step 2.3, the data obtained in the step 2.2 is subjected to precision determination;
and 2.4, recombining the data obtained in the step 2.3 and converting the data into data which can be recognized by a BIM system.
3. The BIM-based historic site protection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 1, the stage of collecting the ancient sites is respectively an ancient site geographic information processing stage, an ancient body excavation and exploration stage, an ancient protection engineering stage, an ancient display engineering stage and an ancient daily maintenance information stage.
4. The BIM-based historic site protection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the BIM historic site model filing database comprises a BIM historic site terrain information model library, a BIM historic site survey information model library, a BIM historic site protection engineering model library, a BIM historic site display engineering model library and a BIM historic site daily maintenance model library.
5. A BIM-based historic site protection system, the system comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the historic site information data of each stage;
the data extraction module is used for extracting the collected data from the historic site collection database;
the data judgment module is used for removing unavailable data in the historic site acquisition database;
the data processing module is used for processing the data in the historic site acquisition database;
the data analysis module is used for eliminating irrelevant data in the historic site acquisition database;
the data classification module is used for classifying the data in the analyzed historical data acquisition database;
the data processing module is used for processing and determining the precision of the classified data in the historical data acquisition database;
the data recombination module is used for recombining the data in the historic site acquisition database;
the data BIM module is used for converting and outputting data in the historic site acquisition database into data which can be recognized by a BIM system;
the BIM data comparison module is used for comparing historical data in the original historic site acquisition and processing database to obtain the change of the historic site in the protection process;
the BIM data modeling module is used for modeling according to the change of the historic site in the protection process;
the BIM model definition module is used for performing data definition on the modeled component;
the BIM model time module is used for defining time periods of the modeled components;
the BIM model laminating module is used for overlapping different time periods of the modeled components;
and the BIM model recombination module is used for recombining the defined modeling components to form a complete model.
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