CN113340981A - Method for judging stress corrosion cracking tendency and predicting threat degree of inconel based on magnetic signal - Google Patents
Method for judging stress corrosion cracking tendency and predicting threat degree of inconel based on magnetic signal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for judging stress corrosion cracking tendency and predicting threat degree of a chromium-nickel-iron alloy based on magnetic signals, which comprises the following steps of: carrying out coercive force in-situ detection on the part of the inconel, which is only stressed by the thin film, so as to obtain the magnetic characteristic data of the base point; carrying out coercive force in-situ detection on the suspected high-stress part of the inconel to obtain measured magnetic characteristic data; subtracting the base point magnetic characteristic data from the measured magnetic characteristic data to obtain magnetic characteristic incremental data; and calculating and utilizing the statistical mean value of the magnetic characteristic increment data to judge whether the suspected high-stress part has the stress corrosion cracking tendency, and determining the stress corrosion cracking threat degree of each part by comparing the size of the statistical mean value of the magnetic characteristic increment of each part having the stress corrosion cracking tendency. The method can judge the stress corrosion cracking tendency and the threat degree of the alloy material, and furthest reduce the safety risk brought by the stress corrosion cracking.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for judging the stress corrosion cracking tendency and predicting the threat degree of a chromium-nickel-iron alloy based on a magnetic signal, belonging to the technical field of judging the stress corrosion cracking tendency and evaluating the threat degree of a material.
Background
Many process links of petroleum and petrochemical industry generally adopt the chromium-nickel-iron alloy to deal with the corrosion problem, while the corrosion problem can be effectively controlled, the stress corrosion cracking problem of the alloy is increasingly prominent, even becomes one of the most important factors causing the failure of equipment, a pipeline body and a welding seam, and because the early prediction and the maintenance are difficult, the serious accident or economic loss is often caused.
In terms of the inconel stress corrosion cracking, the stress magnitude is one of important factors determining the threat degree, and for a certain specific process environment, the stress magnitude is the only factor determining the threat degree, so that in practical application, in order to realize effective judgment of the stress corrosion cracking sensitivity and the threat degree and ensure continuous long-period operation, a technology and a method capable of judging the sensitivity and the threat degree are necessary, so that the rapid in-situ identification and the threat degree judgment of the potential risk of the material stress corrosion cracking are realized, production personnel are reminded to make a reasonable inspection and maintenance plan or a replacement plan in advance, and the safety risk caused by the stress corrosion cracking failure is reduced to the maximum extent.
In practical application, a process medium in a flow is basically in a stable state, so that the total section stress of an alloy plate or a welding seam becomes an important parameter for dominating stress corrosion cracking sensitivity and threat degree, generally, a critical stress exists, the sensitivity is realized above the stress, the threat degree is higher if the stress is higher, and conversely, the sensitivity is not realized, and the threat is certainly not realized. However, in practical application, in order to avoid production loss, the measurement environment is actually a special environment with frequent personnel exchange and limited operation space, so the problems of personal safety, operability, near-field effect, long-term service and the like are considered. The requirements are difficult to meet the requirements of safety and measurement by adopting the conventional ultrasonic, electromagnetic and ray technologies.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a method for judging the stress corrosion cracking tendency and predicting the threat degree of a ferrochrome alloy based on a magnetic signal, which can judge the stress corrosion cracking tendency and the threat degree of an alloy material and furthest reduce the safety risk caused by the failure of the alloy material due to stress corrosion cracking.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for judging the stress corrosion cracking tendency and predicting the threat degree of a chromium-nickel-iron alloy based on a magnetic signal, which comprises the following steps:
carrying out coercive force in-situ detection on the part of the inconel, which is only stressed by the thin film, so as to obtain the magnetic characteristic data of the base point;
carrying out coercive force in-situ detection on the suspected high-stress part of the inconel to obtain measured magnetic characteristic data;
subtracting the base point magnetic characteristic data from the measured magnetic characteristic data to obtain magnetic characteristic incremental data;
and calculating a statistical mean value of the magnetic characteristic increment data, judging whether the suspected high-stress part has the stress corrosion cracking tendency or not by using the statistical mean value of the magnetic characteristic increment data, and determining the stress corrosion cracking threat degree of each part according to the size of the statistical mean value of the magnetic characteristic increment of each part having the stress corrosion cracking tendency if the suspected high-stress part has the stress corrosion cracking tendency.
As a preferred embodiment, N of the positions only stressed by the thin film are selected for carrying out coercivity in-situ detection, and N times of measurement are carried out on each position; recording the jth measurement result of the ith film stress-only part of the Inconel alloy as bijN, j 1, 2, 3.
As a preferred implementationSelecting M suspected high-stress parts to carry out coercive force in-situ detection, and carrying out M-time measurement on each part; recording the first measurement result of the k suspected high-stress part of the Inconel alloy as dklWherein, k is 1, 2, 3.
As a preferred embodiment, the magnetic characteristic increment result of the kth part of the inconel is recorded as deltadksThe calculation formula is as follows:
Δdks＝dkl-bij (1)
in the formula, s is 1, 2, 3.
In a preferred embodiment, the statistical mean value of the increase in magnetic characteristic at the kth site of the inconel alloy is represented as Δ dkThe calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula, s is 1, 2, 3.
As a preferred embodiment, the statistical mean result Δ d of the increment of the magnetic characteristic of the k-th suspected high-stress sitekNot less than 0.05A/cm or delta dkWhen the stress corrosion cracking tendency is less than or equal to-0.05A/cm, the k-th suspected high-stress part has the stress corrosion cracking tendency.
In a preferred embodiment, if u measured portions of the portions suspected to have high stress have a stress corrosion cracking tendency, the stress corrosion cracking tendency portion is denoted as v, where v is 1, 2, 3v＜Δdv+1And judging that the stress corrosion cracking threat degree of the v-th position is smaller than that of the v + 1-th position, and realizing the risk degree sequencing of the positions with the stress corrosion cracking tendency through pairwise comparison.
As a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention,when Δ dv+q＝max{ΔdvWhen v is 1, 2, 3.. u }, the v + q th site is the site most threatened by stress corrosion cracking.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a method for judging the stress corrosion cracking tendency and predicting the threat degree of a chromium-nickel-iron alloy based on a magnetic signal, which comprises the following steps: carrying out coercive force in-situ detection on the part of the inconel, which is only stressed by the thin film, so as to obtain the magnetic characteristic data of the base point; carrying out coercive force in-situ detection on the suspected high-stress part of the inconel to obtain measured magnetic characteristic data; subtracting the base point magnetic characteristic data from the measured magnetic characteristic data to obtain magnetic characteristic incremental data; and calculating and utilizing the statistical mean value of the magnetic characteristic increment data to judge whether the suspected high-stress part has the stress corrosion cracking tendency, and determining the stress corrosion cracking threat degree of each part by comparing the size of the statistical mean value of the magnetic characteristic increment of each part having the stress corrosion cracking tendency. The method can judge the stress corrosion cracking tendency and the threat degree of the alloy material so as to remind production personnel to make a reasonable maintenance plan or a replacement plan in advance, and reduce the safety risk caused by the failure of the alloy material due to the stress corrosion cracking to the maximum extent.
2. The method for judging the stress corrosion cracking tendency and predicting the threat degree of the inconel based on the magnetic signal can carry out in-situ detection on the inconel element in production and operation under the condition of not damaging a detected unit, thereby obtaining the coercive force data of each suspected high-stress part and the part only stressed by a thin film, determining whether the alloy element has the stress corrosion cracking tendency or not according to the data increment ratio and the critical coercive force increment threshold value, further determining the threat degree of each stress corrosion cracking of the part with the stress corrosion cracking tendency, guiding subsequent inspection strategy selection according to the threat degree, and meeting the requirements of judging the stress corrosion cracking tendency and predicting the threat degree of the alloy material in practical application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining stress corrosion cracking tendency and predicting threat level of inconel based on magnetic signals according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a characteristic relation curve of stress and coercive force in the method for judging stress corrosion cracking tendency and predicting threat degree of inconel based on magnetic signals, wherein the abscissa is coercive force A/cm, and the ordinate is stress in MPa;
in the figure: the position 1 is a coercive force characteristic signal of the critical stress of the stress corrosion cracking of the inconel; 2, the linear relation between the stress and the coercive force of the inconel in a stress corrosion cracking sensitive state is shown; and the tensile limit of the inconel is shown at the position 3.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
The invention provides a method for judging the stress corrosion cracking tendency and predicting the threat degree of a chromium-nickel-iron alloy based on a magnetic signal, please refer to figure 1, comprising the following steps,
step 1, carrying out coercive force in-situ detection on the ferrochrome alloy under the influence of the environment of stress corrosion cracking medium, detecting the part only stressed by a thin film, obtaining coercive force measurement data in a working stress state, taking the coercive force measurement data as reference base point magnetic characteristic data,
preferably, N positions only stressed by the thin film are selected for carrying out in-situ detection on the coercive force, and each position is measured for N times; recording the jth measurement result of the ith film stress-only part of the Inconel alloy as bijN, j 1, 2, 3.
Step 2, carrying out coercive force in-situ detection on suspected high-stress parts of the inconel to obtain coercive force measurement data of the parts, and taking the coercive force measurement data as measurement magnetic characteristic data;
optionally, M parts suspected of high stress are selected for coercivity in-situ detection, and each part is subjected to coercivity in-situ detectionPerforming m measurements of each of said sites; recording the first measurement result of the k suspected high-stress part of the Inconel alloy as dklWherein, k is 1, 2, 3.
Step 3, subtracting the base point magnetic characteristic data from the measured magnetic characteristic data to obtain magnetic characteristic incremental data; in detail, the s-th magnetic characteristic increment result of the k-th part of the inconel is recorded as deltadksThe calculation formula is as follows:
Δdks＝dkl-bij (1)
in formula (1), s is 1, 2, 3.. N × m, i is 1, 2, 3.. N, j is 1, 2, 3.. N, l is 1, 2, 3.. N, and l is 1, 2, 3.. m;
step 4, calculating a statistical mean value of the magnetic characteristic increment data, judging whether a suspected high-stress part has a stress corrosion cracking tendency by using the statistical mean value of the magnetic characteristic increment data, and concretely, recording a statistical mean value result of the magnetic characteristic increment of the kth part of the ferrochrome as delta dk，ΔdkThe statistical mean value of the magnetic characteristic increment of the kth position is obtained, and the calculation formula is as follows:
in formula (2), s is 1, 2, 3.
When the statistical mean value result delta d of the magnetic characteristic increment of the k-th suspected high-stress partkNot less than 0.05A/cm or delta dkIf the k suspected high-stress part is less than or equal to-0.05A/cm, the k suspected high-stress part has a stress corrosion cracking tendency; let k be k +1, repeatedly calculate the k +1 th suspected high-stress part statistical mean value Δ dkAnd judging the stress corrosion cracking tendency until N detected parts are all finished.
If the suspected high-stress part has the stress corrosion cracking tendency, determining the threat level of the stress corrosion cracking of each part according to the size of the statistical average value of the magnetic characteristic increment of each part having the stress corrosion cracking tendency.
Specifically, if u measured parts among the parts suspected of high stress have a stress corrosion cracking tendency, the parts having the stress corrosion cracking tendency are denoted as v, where v is 1, 2, 3v＜Δdv+1And judging that the stress corrosion cracking threat degree of the v-th position is smaller than that of the v + 1-th position, and realizing the risk degree sequencing of the positions with the stress corrosion cracking tendency through pairwise comparison.
When Δ dv+q＝max{ΔdvU } and the v + q site is the site with the greatest threat of stress corrosion cracking, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that when the detected value Δ d is the greatestv+qAnd when the stress corrosion cracking is the maximum value, the v + q position is threatened to the maximum extent by the stress corrosion cracking.
Fig. 2 is a characteristic relationship curve of stress and coercive force in the magnetic signal-based inconel stress corrosion cracking tendency judgment and threat degree prediction method provided by the invention, wherein the abscissa is coercive force, the ordinate is stress, 1 is a coercive force characteristic signal of inconel stress corrosion cracking critical stress, 2 is a linear relationship of stress and coercive force in a inconel stress corrosion cracking sensitive state, and 3 is a tensile limit of the inconel.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the coercive force is related to the inclusions in the interior of the material, that is, the inclusions in the alloy material are different and have a large influence on material dislocations, etc., and it can be seen from the figure that when the inconel is at position 1, the inconel is just in a region near the yield limit, the lower stress limit of the region exactly corresponds to the critical stress of stress corrosion cracking, at this time, the inconel material in the region starts to be plastically deformed, the dislocations just start to proliferate but at a slow rate, and at the same time, because of plastic flow, the original dislocations between grains are annihilated or merged due to plastic flow, so that the dislocation density is reduced overall, the coercive force is reduced, and then because of the plastic deformation continuing to increase, the dislocation proliferation rate continues to increase, exceeding the dislocation annihilation rate, at this time, the inconel alloy overall dislocation density continues to increase, the coercivity also increases and is ultimately characterized by a sharp rise in coercivity near the yield limit, i.e., the region where the stress corrosion cracking critical stress is located.
While the inconel is completely in the plastic deformation region after the yield limit at 2, the dislocation density in the region continuously increases until near the tensile limit at 3, the high density dislocations begin to merge, causing the coercivity to begin to drop again. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in actual use, the design loads are much below the tensile limit and therefore are not applied to the zone characteristics at 3, and the application goals set forth by the present invention can be achieved by applying only the characteristic rules in the zone at 2.
The invention provides a method for judging the stress corrosion cracking tendency and predicting the threat degree of a ferrochrome alloy based on a magnetic signal, which can carry out in-situ detection on a ferrochrome alloy element in production operation under the condition of not damaging a detected unit so as to obtain the coercive force data of each suspected high-stress part and a part only stressed by a thin film, determine whether the alloy material has the stress corrosion cracking tendency or not through a data increment ratio and a critical coercive force increment threshold value, further determine the respective stress corrosion cracking threat degree of the parts having the stress corrosion cracking tendency, guide subsequent inspection strategy selection according to the judgment and the threat degree prediction of the stress corrosion cracking tendency of the alloy material in practical application, and remind a producer to make a reasonable maintenance plan or a replacement plan in advance, the safety risk caused by the failure of alloy materials due to stress corrosion cracking is reduced to the maximum extent.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for judging stress corrosion cracking tendency and predicting threat degree of a chromium-nickel-iron alloy based on magnetic signals is characterized by comprising the following steps:
carrying out coercive force in-situ detection on the part of the inconel, which is only stressed by the thin film, so as to obtain the magnetic characteristic data of the base point;
carrying out coercive force in-situ detection on the suspected high-stress part of the inconel to obtain measured magnetic characteristic data;
subtracting the base point magnetic characteristic data from the measured magnetic characteristic data to obtain magnetic characteristic incremental data;
and calculating a statistical mean value of the magnetic characteristic increment data, judging whether the suspected high-stress part has the stress corrosion cracking tendency or not by using the statistical mean value of the magnetic characteristic increment data, and determining the stress corrosion cracking threat degree of each part according to the size of the statistical mean value of the magnetic characteristic increment of each part having the stress corrosion cracking tendency if the suspected high-stress part has the stress corrosion cracking tendency.
2. The magnetic signal-based inconel stress corrosion cracking tendency judgment and threat degree prediction method according to claim 1, wherein N parts subjected to film stress only are selected for coercivity in-situ detection, and N measurements are performed on each part; recording the jth measurement result of the ith film stress-only part of the Inconel alloy as bijN, j 1, 2, 3.
3. The magnetic signal-based inconel stress corrosion cracking tendency judgment and threat degree prediction method according to claim 2, characterized in that M of the suspected high-stress parts are selected for coercive force in-situ detection, and M measurements are performed on each of the parts; recording the first measurement result of the k suspected high-stress part of the Inconel alloy as dklWherein, k is 1, 2, 3.
4. Magnetic based message according to claim 3The method for judging stress corrosion cracking tendency and predicting the threat degree of the inconel is characterized in that the s magnetic characteristic increment result of the k part of the inconel is recorded as delta dksThe calculation formula is as follows:
Δdks＝dkl-bij (1)
in the formula, s is 1, 2, 3.
5. The magnetic signal-based Inconel stress corrosion cracking tendency judgment and threat degree prediction method according to claim 4, wherein the statistical mean result of the magnetic feature increment of the kth part of the Inconel is recorded as Δ dkThe calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula, s is 1, 2, 3.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the statistical mean result Δ d of the increment of the magnetic characteristic of the kth suspected high-stress portion is obtained by calculating the average value of the increment of the magnetic characteristic of the kth suspected high-stress portionkNot less than 0.05A/cm or delta dkWhen the stress corrosion cracking tendency is less than or equal to-0.05A/cm, the k-th suspected high-stress part has the stress corrosion cracking tendency.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein if there are u parts of the suspected high stress, there are stress corrosion cracking tendencies of the u parts, and the parts with stress corrosion cracking tendencies are denoted as v, where v is 1, 2, 3v＜Δdv+1Then, the stress at the v-th site is determinedThe threat degree of corrosion cracking is less than that of stress corrosion cracking at the (v + 1) th position, and the danger degree sequencing of the positions with the stress corrosion cracking tendency is realized through pairwise comparison.
8. The magnetic signal-based inconel stress corrosion cracking tendency judgment and threat level prediction method according to claim 7, wherein when Δ d isv+q＝max{ΔdvWhen v is 1, 2, 3.. u }, the v + q th site is the site most threatened by stress corrosion cracking.
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