CN113340270A - Sedimentation measurement method for working well - Google Patents
Sedimentation measurement method for working well Download PDFInfo
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- CN113340270A CN113340270A CN202110725814.1A CN202110725814A CN113340270A CN 113340270 A CN113340270 A CN 113340270A CN 202110725814 A CN202110725814 A CN 202110725814A CN 113340270 A CN113340270 A CN 113340270A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
Abstract
The invention discloses a settlement measuring method for a working well, and belongs to the technical field of building construction measurement. The method comprises the steps of selecting an observation datum point and a quasi-calibration base point, placing a calibration device, measuring an initial relative elevation, measuring a sedimentation relative elevation, selecting the calibration base point, and calculating a sedimentation value according to a measurement result. The invention has the advantages of simplicity, convenience, convenient operation, high measurement accuracy and small error.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a settlement measuring method for a working well, and belongs to the technical field of building construction measurement.
Background
In the process of municipal construction, the pipe jacking construction does not need to be dismantled due to the fact that the ground is not excavated, buildings on the ground are not damaged, the environment is not damaged, section difference deformation of the pipeline is not influenced, and the method has the advantages of time saving, high efficiency, safety, low comprehensive manufacturing cost and the like, and is widely applied. Before pipe jacking construction, working well construction needs to be carried out, the depth of a common working well needing to be excavated is deep, and working well settlement observation needs to be carried out in the excavation process.
The existing working well settlement measurement mode mainly adopts a level gauge for measurement, and the measurement mode has the following defects: 1. a fixed rear viewpoint needs to be set, the rear viewpoint is very easy to damage in the subsequent test point construction process, the point needs to be set again after the damage, and the set point is easy to generate an error with the previous rear viewpoint; 2. the two persons are required to cooperate to work, which wastes time and labor during the settlement measurement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the sedimentation measuring method of the working well, which is easy to operate and has high measuring precision.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method of measuring settlement of a working well, comprising the steps of:
and S1, selecting an observation reference point on the periphery of the well body, and selecting at least three quasi-calibration base points by taking the observation reference point as the center.
S2, placing a correcting device with a horizontal detection on the quasi-correction base point, keeping the correcting device in a horizontal state at the quasi-correction base point, and measuring the length L of the correcting device.
S3, measuring the initial relative elevation H of the observation datum point and the edge of the well bodyaMeasuring the initial relative elevation H of the quasi-calibration base point and the observation reference point1、H2、……HnAnd n is the number of the quasi-calibration base points.
S4, measuring the settlement relative elevation H of the observation datum point and the edge of the well bodya 'Selecting the ith calibration base point, which is closest to the horizontal state of the calibration device, from the calibration base points as the calibration base point, wherein i is a positive integer between 1 and n, adjusting the lifting height of the calibration device at the calibration base point to be in the horizontal state to be delta H, and measuring the distance L between the calibration base point and the observation reference pointiMeasuring the relative height H of settlement between the calibration base point and the observation reference pointi '。
S5, calculating a correction compensation value h, h = Li*ΔH/L+( Hi '-Hi) (ii) a Calculating a sedimentation value X, X = Ha '- Ha+h。
Furthermore, the quasi-calibration base points are distributed along an arc line with the observation reference point as a circle center, and the quasi-calibration base points are located on one side of the observation reference point, which is far away from the well body.
Further, correcting unit includes the level bar, level bar central authorities fixedly connected with air level, the tip of level bar articulates there is the dipperstick, dipperstick and level bar sliding connection.
Further, the level bar is provided with the articulated shaft with the junction of dipperstick, the articulated shaft is provided with carries out the fastener fixed to the dipperstick, follow its length direction on the dipperstick and seted up the spout with articulated shaft matched with.
Further, the tip of level bar is provided with restriction dipperstick pivoted locating part, when dipperstick and locating part butt, level bar and dipperstick mutually perpendicular.
Further, the limiting part is rotatably connected to the end of the level.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the observation reference point and the correction base point are arranged near the working well, the correction device at the correction base point is utilized to analyze and compensate the settlement of the correction base point and the observation reference point, a correction compensation value for the observation reference point is obtained, and the correction compensation value is added during settlement measurement, so that the accuracy of a settlement result is improved, and the measurement error caused by the settlement of the observation reference point and the correction base point is reduced. Meanwhile, the observation datum point and the calibration base point are arranged on the ground near the working well, are not easy to damage in the construction process, are convenient to operate, and can finish the whole measurement process by one person.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a calibration device used in the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of the calibration device of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a horizontal ruler; 2. a leveling tube; 3. measuring a scale; 4. hinging a shaft; 5. a fastener; 6. a chute; 7. and a limiting member.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that: a method of measuring settlement of a working well, comprising the steps of:
and S1, selecting an observation reference point on the periphery of the well body, and selecting at least three quasi-calibration base points by taking the observation reference point as the center. The observation reference point and the quasi-alignment reference point may be selected from the ground-leveling points near the working well, or may be surface-leveling concrete blocks or other blocks made near the working well, and the surface of the observation reference point or the quasi-alignment reference point is ensured to be level. The number of the quasi calibration base points may be three, five or more, the quasi calibration base points of this embodiment are three, and the selection method is to select different directions or angles on an arc line with the observation reference point as a center, and select the quasi calibration base points on a side of the observation reference point away from the well body.
S2, placing a correcting device with a level detection at the quasi-correction base point, keeping the correcting device at the quasi-correction base point in a horizontal state, and measuring the length L of the correcting device. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the correction device used in the present embodiment includes a level for being placed on the quasi-correction base point, where the length L of the correction device refers to the length of the level. A leveling tube is fixedly connected to the center of the leveling rod, and the leveling tube is used for monitoring the horizontal state of the leveling rod so as to ensure that the correcting device is horizontally placed on a quasi-correction base point. Articulated at the tip of level have the dipperstick, dipperstick and level sliding connection, and the dipperstick both can rotate the level relatively promptly, also can slide the level relatively. The concrete connection mode is as follows: the position on the level bar, which is close to the end part, is provided with an articulated shaft in a penetrating way, and the measuring scale is provided with a sliding chute matched with the articulated shaft along the length direction, wherein the matching means that the inner diameter of the sliding chute is consistent with the outer diameter of the articulated shaft, so that the measuring scale can rotate around the articulated shaft and can also slide up and down relative to the level bar along the sliding chute.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a fastening member for fixing the measuring scale is further provided on the hinge shaft, the hinge shaft of the present embodiment is a nut fixedly connected to one end, an external thread is circumferentially provided on the other end, and the fastening member is a nut capable of being screwed on the external thread. Correcting unit is not using or when placing at accurate correction basic point department, can rotate the dipperstick to parallel with the level bar, and convenient storage when will measuring, unscrews the nut, rotates ninety degrees with the relative level bar of dipperstick, keeps mutually perpendicular between them, and slip level bar tip makes it screw up the nut after reaching the horizontality again, and the record reading can. The end of the level bar is provided with a limiting part for limiting the rotation of the measuring scale, the limiting part can be a lug structure which is connected with the end of the level bar in a rotating way, and before the measuring scale is rotated, the limiting part is rotated to the end face extending out of the level bar, so that the measuring scale is abutted against the limiting part after being rotated by ninety degrees, and the two mutually perpendicular are kept. When the surface of the quasi-correction base point is not level, the leveling ruler can be adjusted to be in a horizontal state by sliding the measuring ruler up and down, and the initial reading H of the measuring ruler is recorded01、H02、H03。
S3, measuring the initial relative elevation H of the observation datum point and the edge of the well bodyaMeasuring the initial relative elevation H of the quasi-calibration base point and the observation reference point1、H2、H3The relative elevation between the observation datum point and the well body edge and between the quasi-correction base points can be measured by adopting a correction device, a large-specification correction device with a longer horizontal rule length can be adopted, the left end of the horizontal rule is placed at the point with a higher horizontal height in the two points, the measuring scale is placed at the point with a lower horizontal height, the nut is unscrewed, the end part of the horizontal rule is slid until the horizontal rule moves to a horizontal state, the nut is screwed down, and the reading on the measuring scale is recorded as the initial relative elevation.
S4, in the construction process, the settlement relative elevation H of the observation datum point and the edge of the well body is measured periodicallya 'During measurement, the base point of the three base points is selected as the base point which is closest to the horizontal state of the correction deviceIn the embodiment, when the calibration base point closest to the horizontal state is the second calibration base point, the calibration device at the calibration base point is adjusted to Δ H which is the lifting height when the calibration device is in the horizontal state (the reading of the measuring scale after the calibration level at the calibration base point is adjusted to the horizontal state again is H)20，ΔH= H20 - H02) Measuring the distance L between the calibration base point and the observation reference point2Measuring the relative height H of settlement between the calibration base point and the observation reference pointi '. The method for measuring the relative elevation of settlement is the same as the method for measuring the initial relative elevation.
S5, calculating a correction compensation value h and a settlement value X according to the data recorded in the steps, wherein h = L2*ΔH/L+( H2 '-H2)；X=Ha '- HaAnd + h, the settlement value obtained by calculation is the corrected actual settlement value, the measurement result precision is high, the measurement process is simple and convenient, the operation is easy, and the measurement can be realized by one person.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to other embodiments, and to various other combinations, modifications, and environments and may be modified within the scope of the inventive concept as expressed herein, by the teachings or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A settlement measuring method for a working well is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting an observation datum point on the periphery of the well body, and selecting at least three quasi-calibration base points by taking the observation datum point as a center;
s2, placing a correcting device with a horizontal detection function at the quasi-correction base point, keeping the correcting device in a horizontal state at the quasi-correction base point, and measuring the length L of the correcting device;
s3, measuring the observation datum point and the edge of the well bodyInitial relative elevation ofaMeasuring the initial relative elevation H of the quasi-calibration base point and the observation reference point1、H2、……HnN is the number of the quasi-calibration base points;
s4, measuring the settlement relative elevation H of the observation datum point and the edge of the well bodya 'Selecting the ith calibration base point, which is closest to the horizontal state of the calibration device, from the calibration base points as the calibration base point, wherein i is a positive integer between 1 and n, adjusting the lifting height of the calibration device at the calibration base point to be in the horizontal state to be delta H, and measuring the distance L between the calibration base point and the observation reference pointiMeasuring the relative height H of settlement between the calibration base point and the observation reference pointi '；
S5, calculating a correction compensation value h, h = Li*ΔH/L+( Hi '-Hi) (ii) a Calculating a sedimentation value X, X = Ha '- Ha+h。
2. A method of measuring the settlement of a working well according to claim 1, wherein: the quasi-correction base points are distributed on an arc line taking the observation reference point as the circle center, and are positioned on one side of the observation reference point, which is far away from the well body.
3. A method of measuring the settlement of a working well according to claim 1, wherein: the correcting device comprises a horizontal ruler, wherein the central part of the horizontal ruler is fixedly connected with a leveling pipe, the end part of the horizontal ruler is hinged with a measuring scale, and the measuring scale is connected with the horizontal ruler in a sliding manner.
4. A method of measuring the settlement of a working well according to claim 1, wherein: the junction of level bar and dipperstick is provided with the articulated shaft, the articulated shaft is provided with the fastener that carries out the fixing to the dipperstick, follow its length direction on the dipperstick and seted up the spout with articulated shaft matched with.
5. A method of measuring the settlement of a working well according to claim 1, wherein: the tip of spirit level is provided with restriction dipperstick pivoted locating part, when dipperstick and locating part butt, spirit level and dipperstick mutually perpendicular.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the limiting part is rotatably connected to the end part of the level bar.
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2021
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| US3938370A (en) * | 1973-02-28 | 1976-02-17 | Intermedicat Gmbh | Device for measuring sedimentation rates |
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| JP2014119360A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2014-06-30 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal | Device for measuring sediment in closed channel |
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