CN113340056A - Hot air flow self-circulation drying system and method - Google Patents
Hot air flow self-circulation drying system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113340056A CN113340056A CN202110605920.6A CN202110605920A CN113340056A CN 113340056 A CN113340056 A CN 113340056A CN 202110605920 A CN202110605920 A CN 202110605920A CN 113340056 A CN113340056 A CN 113340056A
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000150 monocalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229940062672 calcium dihydrogen phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019700 dicalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012858 packaging process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B1/00—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids
- F26B1/005—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids by means of disintegrating, e.g. crushing, shredding, milling the materials to be dried
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/003—Supply-air or gas filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
- F26B25/002—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements for bulk goods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/04—Agitating, stirring, or scraping devices
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hot air flow self-circulation drying system and a hot air flow self-circulation drying method, wherein the hot air flow self-circulation drying system comprises an air inlet device, a dryer, a reversing valve and a bag-type dust collector, the air inlet device comprises a heater and a temperature distribution pipeline, the heater is used for heating air into hot air flow, and the temperature distribution pipeline is used for distributing the temperature of the hot air flow to a preset temperature; the drier is internally provided with a crushing area, an air separation area, a detention channel and a flow guide channel which are connected with the crushing area and the air separation area and are parallel, the crushing area is communicated with a temperature distribution pipeline, and the side wall of the detention channel is provided with a feeding hole; the reversing valve is provided with an inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet, and the inlet is communicated with the winnowing area; an upper cavity and a lower cavity are formed in the bag-type dust collector at intervals by the filter cloth, the upper cavity is divided into a left cavity and a right cavity, the left cavity and the right cavity are communicated with the first outlet and the second outlet respectively, and a discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the lower cavity. The invention improves the drying yield of the material and reduces the drying cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material processing, in particular to a hot air flow self-circulation drying system and a hot air flow self-circulation drying method.
Background
Many solid materials can involve a drying link in the production process, and some solid materials have the characteristics of higher moisture content, high viscosity, easiness in caking, difficulty in crushing and drying, low drying temperature and the like, so that the yield is low and the production cost is high during drying. Therefore, the Sichuan stirring type hot airflow drying system introduced firstly is high in power and prone to failure during production, a stirring shaft V-belt is prone to being burnt, materials are prone to settling to the bottom of a dryer, the accumulated amount is large, the materials are prone to being sticky and caking after being heated, a stirrer is halted, a stirring main shaft is damaged, the yield is extremely low, the coal consumption is high, the production cost is high, and the problems that the drying cost of the materials is high and the yield is low cannot be effectively solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a hot air flow self-circulation drying system and a hot air flow self-circulation drying method, and aims to solve the problems of low material drying yield and high drying cost of the conventional stirring type hot air flow drying system.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a hot air flow self-circulation drying system, comprising:
the air inlet device comprises a heater and a temperature distribution pipeline which are sequentially connected, the heater is used for heating air into hot airflow, and the temperature distribution pipeline is used for distributing the temperature of the hot airflow to a preset temperature;
the dryer is internally provided with a crushing area and an air separation area which are distributed along the vertical direction, and a detention channel and a diversion channel which are connected with the crushing area and the air separation area and are parallel, wherein the crushing area is communicated with the temperature distribution pipeline, and the side wall of the detention channel is provided with a feed inlet which is used for feeding solid materials to be dried;
the reversing valve is provided with an inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet, and the inlet is communicated with the air separation area; and the number of the first and second groups,
the bag-type dust collector, be equipped with the filter cloth in the bag-type dust collector, the bag-type dust collector quilt the filter cloth interval forms along last cavity and lower cavity of vertical distribution, last cavity becomes along the left cavity and the right cavity that the horizontal direction distributes by the interval, left side cavity and right cavity respectively with first export and second export intercommunication, the bottom of cavity is equipped with the discharge gate down.
Optionally, a plurality of retention plates are arranged in the retention channel and sequentially distributed in the vertical direction.
Optionally, the feed inlet is arranged in the middle of the retention channel.
Optionally, a cyclonic diffuser is provided in each of the left and right chambers.
Optionally, the hot gas flow self-circulation drying system further comprises a purification treatment device, the purification treatment device comprising:
the air inlet of the induced draft fan is communicated with the left chamber and the right chamber;
the tail gas cleaner is provided with a gas inlet, a first air outlet and a second air outlet, and the gas inlet is communicated with the air outlet of the induced draft fan; and the number of the first and second groups,
and one end of the circulating pump is communicated with the first air outlet, and the other end of the circulating pump is communicated with the air inlet.
Optionally, the hot gas flow self-circulation drying system further comprises a cooling and separating device, the cooling and separating device comprising:
the pressure valve is arranged at the discharge port and is opened downwards after the materials in the lower chamber are accumulated to a preset weight;
the air cooler is internally provided with a cooling bin, a buffer bin and a finished product bin which are sequentially communicated, and the cooling bin is communicated with the discharge hole through the pressure valve.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a hot air flow self-circulation drying method, comprising the following steps:
providing a hot gas flow self-circulation drying system as described above;
the air inlet device provides hot air flow heated to a preset temperature for the dryer and the bag-type dust collector;
and the solid materials to be dried enter the retention channel, then the materials with the particle size of more than 0.5mm circulate among the crushing area, the retention channel, the air separation area and the flow guide channel under the action of the hot air flow, and the materials with the particle size of less than 0.5mm enter the bag-type dust collector through the air separation area to be filtered and settled.
Optionally, the solid material to be dried is monocalcium phosphate.
Optionally, the preset temperature is 140-180 ℃.
Optionally, the particle size of the solid material to be dried is not more than 30 mm;
the speed of the hot air flow entering the crushing area is not lower than 30m/s, and the running linear speed of a crusher in the crushing area is not lower than 45 m/s;
the wind speed of hot air flow entering the air separation area is not lower than 20m/s, and the wind speed reduction speed in the air separation area is 3-5 m/s;
the air speed of hot air flow entering the left cavity and the right cavity is not higher than 0.3m/s, and the temperature of tail gas exhausted from the left cavity and the right cavity is 55-65 ℃.
According to the technical scheme, the hot air flow self-circulation drying system comprises an air inlet device, a dryer, a reversing valve and a bag-type dust remover, hot air flow heated to a preset temperature is provided for the dryer and the bag-type dust remover by the air inlet device, then materials enter from a retention channel in the dryer and are subjected to suspension heating in the dryer, meanwhile, the materials are subjected to circulation drying between an area and an air selection area through the retention channel and a flow guide channel in the dryer, the materials are fully contacted with the hot air flow to complete drying, then the dried materials enter the bag-type dust remover under the action of the hot air flow to realize solid-gas separation, and solid materials after drying treatment are obtained. The method for drying the materials by utilizing the hot air flow self-circulation drying system provided by the invention changes the stirring type contact heating of the materials into suspension type heating, and circularly flows in the dryer, so that the drying time is prolonged, the materials are fully and closely contacted with the thermal current, the full and thorough drying of the materials is ensured, the drying efficiency and the drying yield are improved, and the drying cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hot gas flow self-circulation drying system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dryer of FIG. 1 and the flow of material within the dryer;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a hot air self-circulation drying method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
| reference numerals | Name (R) | Reference numerals | Name (R) |
| 100 | Hot air flow self- |
421 | |
| 11 | |
422 | |
| 12 | |
43 | |
| 13 | |
51 | Draught |
| 20 | |
52 | |
| 21 | |
53 | Circulating |
| 22 | |
61 | |
| 23 | |
62 | |
| 231 | |
63 | |
| 232 | |
64 | |
| 233 | Short- |
65 | Finished |
| 24 | |
66 | |
| 25 | Crushing machine | 67 | |
| 30 | |
68 | |
| 41 | |
70 | Packaging machine |
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the movement situation, and the like in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" appearing throughout includes three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B" including either A or B or both A and B. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the drying treatment process of the solid materials, part of the solid materials have the characteristics of higher moisture content, high viscosity, easiness in caking, difficulty in crushing and drying, low drying temperature and the like, so that the yield is low and the production cost is high during drying. In order to solve the problems, a Sichuan stirring type hot airflow drying system is introduced firstly, the system is high in power and easy to break down during production, a stirring shaft V-belt is easy to burn, materials are easy to settle to the bottom of a dryer, the accumulated amount is large, the materials are easy to stick and agglomerate after being heated, a stirrer is halted, a stirring main shaft is damaged, the yield is extremely low, the coal consumption is high, and therefore the problems of high drying cost and low yield of the materials cannot be effectively solved. The inventors have subsequently discovered, in the course of continuing improvements in the drying mode, that, in view of the fundamental characteristics of the above-mentioned types of material, it is desirable to first modify the drying time of the material in the drying system so that the material is exposed to the hot gas stream repeatedly and sufficiently for a prolonged period of time in order to increase the production and reduce the costs. Therefore, the present invention provides a hot air flow self-circulation drying system, and fig. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of a hot air flow self-circulation drying system 100 provided by the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the hot air self-circulation drying system 100 includes an air intake device, a dryer 20, a reversing valve, and a bag-type dust collector, wherein the air intake device 10 includes a heater 11 and a temperature distribution pipeline 12 connected in sequence, the heater 11 is configured to heat air into hot air, and the temperature distribution pipeline 12 is configured to distribute temperature of the hot air to a preset temperature; a crushing area 21 and a wind separation area 22 which are distributed along the vertical direction, a detention channel 23 which is connected with the crushing area 21 and the wind separation area 22 and is parallel to the crushing area 21 and the wind separation area 22, and a flow guide channel 24 are arranged in the dryer 20, wherein the crushing area 21 is communicated with the temperature distribution pipeline 12, and a feed port is arranged on the side wall of the detention channel 23 and used for feeding solid materials to be dried; the reversing valve is provided with an inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet, and the inlet is communicated with the wind separation area 22; be equipped with filter cloth 41 in the sack cleaner, the sack cleaner quilt filter cloth 41 interval forms along upper and lower cavity 43 of vertical distribution, upper cavity is become along left cavity 421 and right cavity 422 of horizontal distribution by the interval, left cavity 421 and right cavity 422 respectively with first export and second export intercommunication, the bottom of cavity 43 is equipped with the discharge gate down.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, a hot air flow self-circulation drying system 100 comprises an air inlet device, a dryer 20, a reversing valve and a bag-type dust remover, hot air flow heated to a preset temperature is provided for the dryer 20 and the bag-type dust remover by the air inlet device, then materials enter from a retention channel 23 in the dryer 20 and are subjected to suspension heating in the dryer 20, meanwhile, the materials are subjected to circulation drying between a crushing area 21 and an air separation area 22 through the retention channel 23 and a flow guide channel 24 in the dryer 20 and are fully contacted with the hot air flow to complete drying, and then the dried materials enter the bag-type dust remover under the action of the hot air flow to realize solid-gas separation, so that solid materials after drying treatment are obtained. The method for drying the materials by using the hot air flow self-circulation drying system 100 provided by the invention changes the stirring type contact heating of the materials into suspension type heating, and circularly flows in the dryer, so that the drying time is prolonged, the materials are fully and closely contacted with the thermal current, the full and thorough drying of the materials is ensured, the drying efficiency and the drying yield are improved, and the drying cost is reduced.
The heater 11 may be, for example, a hot blast stove, and the like, in addition, an air purifier 13 may be further disposed between the heater 11 and the temperature distribution pipeline 12 to purify hot air heated by the heater 11, remove a part of impurities, and then perform temperature distribution through the temperature distribution pipeline 12, in addition, an air inlet device may be further disposed downstream of the temperature distribution pipeline 12, and hot air after temperature distribution enters the dryer 20 through the air inlet device. In addition, crushing district 21 is equipped with breaker 25, breaker 25 sets up to chain crusher, can make the material granularity fall to below 5mm fast, and the material surface area increases, is favorable to improving and is heated, evaporation efficiency.
Referring to fig. 2, the flow guide channel 23 and the retention channel 23 are formed in parallel in the dryer 20 in such a manner that a guide tube extending in an up-down direction is disposed in the middle of the dryer 20, the flow guide channel 23 is formed in the guide tube, the retention channel 24 is formed by enclosing an outer wall surface of the guide tube and an inner wall surface of the dryer, that is, the retention channel 23 is enclosed at the periphery of the flow guide channel 23. Furthermore, a plurality of retention plates 231 are arranged in the retention channel 23 and are sequentially distributed along the vertical direction, the angle of the retention plates 231 is larger than the repose angle of the powdery material, the angle of the retention plates 231 is generally set to be not less than 45 degrees, the number of the retention plates 231 is not limited, and the number of the retention plates 231 can be increased or decreased according to the initial drying temperature of the material. In addition, the retention channel 23 is also internally provided with a guide plate 232 and a short circuit ring 233, under the action of the guide plate 232 and the short circuit ring 233, the hot air flow carries the materials to selectively suspend in the retention channel 23, the moving speed of the materials lags behind the wind speed, and the retention time in a retention space formed by each retention plate 231 is more than or equal to 1s.
Furthermore, the position of the feed inlet on the side wall of the retention channel 23 is not limited, and preferably, the feed inlet is arranged in the middle of the retention channel 23, so that the material can be suspended in the retention channel 23 and can be fully contacted with the hot air flow. Specifically, in some embodiments provided by the present invention, the number of the retention plates is set to 9, thereby dividing the retention passages 23 into 10 stages of retention spaces, and preferably the 10 stages of retention spaces are divided by the feed inlet into 6 stages of upper retention spaces and 4 stages of lower retention spaces. In addition, the hot gas flow self-circulation drying system 100 may further comprise a feeder 30 for conveying the solid material to be dried into the dryer 20 via the feed opening.
The left chamber 421 and the right chamber 422 are communicated with the air separation area 22 through the reversing valve, so that the left chamber 421 and the right chamber 422 intermittently and alternately work through the control of the reversing valve, and when one chamber is in an intermittent state, the wind speed in the lower space of the chamber is almost reduced to be close to a standstill, so that the micro powder is settled in enough intermittent time. The filtering area of the filter cloth 41 arranged in the bag-type dust collector should meet the production requirement, and the air permeability speed of the filter cloth 41 is less than or equal to 0.02 m/s. Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the cyclone diffusers are disposed in the left chamber 421 and the right chamber 422, and the cyclone diffusers are disposed to uniformly diffuse and decelerate the wind speed, so that the wind speed is reduced to less than or equal to about 0.3m.s, and the stirring of the material by the wind force of the airflow is slowed down, so that the material can be rapidly settled to the bottom of the bag-type dust collector.
Referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, the hot air self-circulation drying system 100 further includes a purification processing device, the purification processing device includes an induced draft fan 51, a tail gas cleaner 52 and a circulation pump 53, wherein an air inlet of the induced draft fan 51 is communicated with the left chamber 421 and the right chamber 422; the tail gas cleaner 52 is provided with a gas inlet, a first air outlet and a second air outlet, and the gas inlet is communicated with the air outlet of the induced draft fan 51; one end of the circulating pump 53 is communicated with the first air outlet, and the other end of the circulating pump is communicated with the air inlet. So, through purification unit's setting is right the tail gas that the sack cleaner separates carries out purification treatment, has reduced the pollution of dry tail gas to the environment, simultaneously, through circulating pump 53's setting can increase the tail gas process the number of times that tail gas cleaner 52 handled is favorable to the purification treatment effect of guarantee tail gas.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the hot air self-circulation drying system 100 further includes a cooling and separating device for post-processing the dried and separated powder material, specifically, the cooling and separating device includes a first pressure valve 61, an air cooler 62 and a storage bin, the storage bin includes a cooling bin 63, a buffer storage bin 64 and a finished product storage bin 65, the first pressure valve 61 is disposed at the discharge port to open downwards after the material in the lower chamber 43 is accumulated to a preset weight; the air cooler intercommunication the export of first pressure valve 61 with cooling bin 63, cooling bin 63 supplies with cold wind through cold wind pipeline 66, buffer bin 64 is located cooling bin 63's below, finished product storehouse 65 is located buffer bin 64's below, and through second pressure valve 67 with buffer bin 64 intercommunication, finished product storehouse 65's bottom is equipped with third pressure valve 68. After the dry materials at the bottom of the bag-type dust collector are accumulated to a certain amount, the first pressure valve 61 is gradually opened under the action of gravity for discharging, the materials directly fall into the cooling bin 63, are cooled to a temperature of less than or equal to 45 ℃ through the cold air cooling effect of the air cooler 62, enter the buffer bin 64, stand until the temperature of the materials is close to the normal temperature, enter the finished product bin 65, enter the packaging process, and are packaged by the packaging machine 70. In addition, cold air for air-cooling the material enters the inlet of the heater 11 through the air distribution pipe and is recycled.
In combination with the above embodiments, the hot gas flow self-circulation system 100 provided by the present invention mainly makes the following innovative designs according to the production requirements and the production practice: (1) the stirring type contact heating of the materials is changed into suspension heating, so that the materials are contacted with hot air flow more fully and closely; (2) the stirring type crushed aggregates are changed into chain type crushed aggregates, so that the granularity of the materials can be quickly reduced to be below 5mm, the surface area of the materials is increased, and the heating and evaporation efficiency is improved; (3) the internal structure of the system dryer is changed, the heating space of the dryer is increased, the material heating time is prolonged, and the preheating and evaporation efficiency is improved; (4) the functions and the structures of all parts of the drying system are optimized, the system is simpler and more economical, and due to the particularity of low-temperature drying of materials, a cyclone dust collector is omitted, an intermediate transmission air pipe is simplified, the heat loss of the system is reduced, and the phenomenon that the air flow in the dust collector has too low temperature and the temperature is too low to condense water vapor is avoided; the bag-type dust collector directly completes the solid-gas separation function in one step; (5) according to the characteristic that hot finished product packages are stacked and easy to agglomerate, an air-cooling self-circulation part is added; (6) according to the free falling characteristic of the object, the space height is fully utilized to enable the connection among all links of the whole system to form a closed circuit without intermediate connection equipment.
The hot air flow self-circulation system 100 provided by the invention mainly aims at the solid materials with the characteristics of higher water content, high viscosity, easiness in caking, difficulty in crushing and drying, low drying temperature and the like, the forms of the solid materials include but are not limited to block, particle, powder and the like, in addition, the hot air flow self-circulation system can also be suitable for drying the solid materials with other characteristics, and only the preset temperature of the hot air flow entering the system and the lengths of some pipelines are required to be adjusted according to the actual drying requirement, so that the bag is prevented from being damaged due to overhigh temperature in the bag-type dust collector. Preferably, the hot air flow self-circulation system 100 provided by the present invention is particularly suitable for drying calcium dihydrogen phosphate when calcium hydrogen phosphate and hot phosphoric acid are used as raw materials to produce calcium dihydrogen phosphate, and at this time, the process for drying materials by using the hot air flow self-circulation drying system 100 provided by the present invention is as follows:
firstly, hot air flow operation process:
firstly, the air is heated into hot air flow by the heater 11, then the hot air flow enters the temperature distribution pipeline 12 for temperature distribution after being processed by the air purifier 13, then the hot air flow after temperature distribution enters the dryer 20 through the air inlet device, the hot air flow enters the crushing area in a rotating mode at the speed of more than or equal to 30m/s under the action of the air inlet device, and the linear speed of the crusher 25 is operated at the speed of more than or equal to 45 m/s. After entering the crushing area, the hot air flows pass through two channels (the split flow is 1:1) in a split mode, respectively pass through the guide channel 24 and the retention channel 23, rise through the retention area and reach the wind separation area 22, and the wind speed is more than or equal to 20 m/s. The wind speed of the wind selection area 22 is reduced by about 4m/s, then the hot air is diffused to the bag-type dust remover through the cyclone diffuser, the wind speed is reduced and uniformly diffused to the whole space of the dust remover, and the wind speed is reduced to be less than or equal to about 0.3m/s after buffering. The hot gas is filtered by the dust remover, and is discharged after being treated by the purifier under the action of the induced draft fan 51.
Secondly, the material operation process:
with reference to the schematic flow diagram of the material in the dryer provided in fig. 2, after the hot air flow enters the dryer 20 and the bag-type dust collector, the material to be dried enters the dryer 20 through the feeding machine 30 via the middle part of the retention channel 23 (total 10 stages, upper retention space 6 stages, and lower retention space 4 stages), and moves in suspension under the action of the hot air flow and the guide plate, the retention time in each retention space is about 1s, in general, most of the material is the wet material which just enters the system, and the material has a larger particle size, and falls along the retention plate arranged in the retention channel 23 (the particle material is shown as d in fig. 2), reaches the crushing zone 21 after being preheated for about 4s by 4 stages of sedimentation, is crushed into particles with a particle size of less than or equal to 5mm instantaneously under the action of the crusher 25, then rises along with the hot air flow, and flows to the pneumatic separation zone 22 (the particle material is shown as e in fig. 2) through the guide channel 24, and a small part of micro powder rises along with the hot air flow (the particle material is shown as c in figure 2), and reaches the air separation area 22 after staying in the retention channel 23 for about 6s, the material retention time of the air separation area 22 is more than or equal to 1s, and at the moment, the micro powder reaching the air separation area 22 is completely dried. Then, under the effect of air separation, the micro powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.5mm enters the bag-type dust collector through the reversing valve along with hot air flow (as a granular material shown in a figure 2), while the particles with the particle size of more than or equal to 0.5mm gradually settle (as a granular material shown in b in a figure 2), when reaching a certain saturation amount, the micro powder overcomes the thrust of the hot air flow to descend, and returns to the crushing area 21 (as a granular material shown in f in a figure 2) after settling through 10 stages of detention spaces, so that self-circulation in the dryer is formed through the detention channel 23 and the flow guide channel 24; after a plurality of times of self-circulation, the moisture of the returned material in the dryer 20 is obviously reduced, the quality reaches the maximum saturation, the moisture in the new material is also obviously reduced at the moment, the wall sticking phenomenon is avoided during crushing, the crushing effect is improved, the proportion of the powder particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.5mm is increased, the productivity is increased, the yield of the dried product is improved, and the drying cost is reduced.
When the dry materials at the bottom of the bag-type dust collector are accumulated to a certain amount, the first pressure valve 61 is gradually opened for discharging under the action of gravity, the materials directly fall into the cooling bin 63, are cooled to a temperature not higher than 45 ℃ by cold air of the air cooler 62, enter the buffer bin 64, stand until the temperature of the materials is close to normal temperature, enter the finished product bin 65, enter the packaging process, and are packaged by the packaging machine 70.
Based on the hot airflow self-circulation system 100 provided in the above embodiment, the present invention further provides a hot airflow self-circulation drying method, and fig. 3 shows an embodiment of the hot airflow self-circulation drying method provided in the present invention. Referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the hot air self-circulation drying method includes the following steps:
step S10, providing a hot air flow self-circulation drying system 100 as described above;
step S20, the air inlet device provides hot air flow heated to a preset temperature for the dryer 20 and the bag-type dust collector;
step S30, the solid material to be dried enters the retention channel 23, then the material with the particle size of more than 0.5mm circulates among the crushing area 21, the retention channel 23, the air separation area 22 and the guide channel 24 under the action of the hot air flow, and the material with the particle size of less than 0.5mm enters the bag-type dust collector through the air separation area 22 to be filtered and settled.
The hot air flow self-circulation drying method provided by the invention adopts the hot air flow self-circulation system 100, has the main effects of improving the drying yield of the material and reducing the drying cost, and also has other beneficial effects of the hot air flow self-circulation system 100, and is not repeated herein.
Similarly, the hot gas flow self-circulation method provided by the invention mainly aims at the solid materials with the characteristics of higher water content, high viscosity, easiness in caking, difficulty in crushing and drying, low drying temperature and the like, the forms of the solid materials include but are not limited to block, particle, powder and the like, in addition, the method can also be suitable for drying solid powder with other characteristics, and only needs to adjust the preset temperature of hot gas flow entering a system and the lengths of some pipelines according to the actual drying requirement so as to avoid damaging a cloth bag due to overhigh temperature in the cloth bag dust collector. Preferably, in some embodiments provided by the present invention, the solid material to be dried is calcium dihydrogen phosphate, and is particularly suitable for drying powdered calcium dihydrogen phosphate when calcium hydrogen phosphate and hot phosphoric acid are used as raw materials to produce calcium dihydrogen phosphate, and the specific process refers to the above hot air flow and the operation process of the material in the hot air flow self-circulation system 100, which is not described herein again.
Further, when the solid material to be dried is powdered monocalcium phosphate, the preset temperature in the step S20 is 140 to 180 ℃. Under this temperature condition, both can realize quick effective dry calcium dihydrogen phosphate, also can not be right simultaneously relevant equipment such as sack cleaner cause the damage, and the tail gas temperature that discharges out also is comparatively suitable, is difficult to appear scalding situations such as operating personnel.
Further, the relevant process parameters in step S30 are set as: the particle size of the solid material to be dried is not more than 30 mm; the speed of the hot air flow entering the crushing area 21 is not lower than 30m/s, and the running linear speed of the crusher 25 in the crushing area 21 is not lower than 45 m/s; the wind speed of hot air flow entering the wind separation area 22 is not lower than 20m/s, and the wind speed reduction speed in the wind separation area 22 is 3-5 m/s; the wind speed of the hot air flow entering the left chamber 421 and the right chamber 422 is not higher than 0.3m/s, and the temperature of tail gas exhausted from the left chamber 421 and the right chamber 422 is 55-65 ℃. Through the setting of relevant technological parameters in each step, the drying efficiency and the drying yield of the monocalcium phosphate can be improved to the greatest extent, the drying cost is reduced, and the industrial production is favorably realized.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A hot gas flow self-circulating drying system, comprising:
the air inlet device comprises a heater and a temperature distribution pipeline which are sequentially connected, the heater is used for heating air into hot airflow, and the temperature distribution pipeline is used for distributing the temperature of the hot airflow to a preset temperature;
the dryer is internally provided with a crushing area and an air separation area which are distributed along the vertical direction, and a detention channel and a diversion channel which are connected with the crushing area and the air separation area and are parallel, wherein the crushing area is communicated with the temperature distribution pipeline, and the side wall of the detention channel is provided with a feed inlet which is used for feeding solid materials to be dried;
the reversing valve is provided with an inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet, and the inlet is communicated with the air separation area; and the number of the first and second groups,
the bag-type dust collector, be equipped with the filter cloth in the bag-type dust collector, the bag-type dust collector quilt the filter cloth interval forms along last cavity and lower cavity of vertical distribution, last cavity becomes along the left cavity and the right cavity that the horizontal direction distributes by the interval, left side cavity and right cavity respectively with first export and second export intercommunication, the bottom of cavity is equipped with the discharge gate down.
2. The hot gas flow self-circulation drying system of claim 1, wherein a plurality of retention plates are arranged in the retention channel and distributed in sequence along the vertical direction.
3. The hot gas flow self-circulation drying system of claim 1, wherein the feed inlet is disposed in the middle of the retention channel.
4. The hot gas flow self-circulating drying system of claim 1, wherein a cyclone diffuser is disposed in each of the left and right chambers.
5. The hot gas stream self-circulating drying system of claim 1, further comprising a purge treatment device, the purge treatment device comprising:
the air inlet of the induced draft fan is communicated with the left chamber and the right chamber;
the tail gas cleaner is provided with a gas inlet, a first air outlet and a second air outlet, and the gas inlet is communicated with the air outlet of the induced draft fan; and the number of the first and second groups,
and one end of the circulating pump is communicated with the first air outlet, and the other end of the circulating pump is communicated with the air inlet.
6. The hot gas stream self-circulating drying system of claim 1, further comprising a cooling separator device, said cooling separator device comprising:
the pressure valve is arranged at the discharge port and is opened downwards after the materials in the lower chamber are accumulated to a preset weight;
the air cooler is internally provided with a cooling bin, a buffer bin and a finished product bin which are sequentially communicated, and the cooling bin is communicated with the discharge hole through the pressure valve.
7. A hot air flow self-circulation drying method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
providing a hot gas stream self-circulating drying system according to any one of claims 1 to 6;
the air inlet device provides hot air flow heated to a preset temperature for the dryer and the bag-type dust collector;
and the solid materials to be dried enter the retention channel, then the materials with the particle size of more than 0.5mm circulate among the crushing area, the retention channel, the air separation area and the flow guide channel under the action of the hot air flow, and the materials with the particle size of less than 0.5mm enter the bag-type dust collector through the air separation area to be filtered and settled.
8. The hot gas stream self-circulation drying process of claim 7, wherein the solid material to be dried is monocalcium phosphate.
9. The hot air self-circulation drying method of claim 8, wherein the predetermined temperature is 140-180 ℃.
10. The hot gas flow self-circulation drying method of claim 8, characterized in that the particle size of the solid material to be dried is not more than 30 mm;
the speed of the hot air flow entering the crushing area is not lower than 30m/s, and the running linear speed of a crusher in the crushing area is not lower than 45 m/s;
the wind speed of hot air flow entering the air separation area is not lower than 20m/s, and the wind speed reduction speed in the air separation area is 3-5 m/s;
the air speed of hot air flow entering the left cavity and the right cavity is not higher than 0.3m/s, and the temperature of tail gas exhausted from the left cavity and the right cavity is 55-65 ℃.
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Application publication date: 20210903 |