CN113340008B

CN113340008B - Multi-connection supply system based on solar energy and biomass energy

Info

Publication number: CN113340008B
Application number: CN202110613351.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗坚; 谭轶童
Original assignee: Shanghai Yiwei New Energy Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Yiwei New Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-02
Filing date: 2021-06-02
Publication date: 2022-11-11
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-02
Also published as: CN113340008A

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-connected power supply system based on solar energy and biomass energy, which comprises a solar heat collection device, a gasification device and a steam turbine subsystem which are connected in sequence; the solar heat collection device is used for heating air; the gasification device is used for gasifying biomass to form synthesis gas; and the steam turbine subsystem is used for generating power after the synthesis gas is combusted. The system also comprises an electrolytic hydrogen production subsystem, an ammonia reaction subsystem, a Rankine cycle subsystem, an organic Rankine cycle subsystem, a cooling device, a drying device and a heating device, so that a multi-supply system with multiple energy utilization modes of power generation, hydrogen production, ammonia production, cold and heat sources, drying, hot water and the like is provided, the energy utilization efficiency of the system is improved, and the carbon dioxide emission is reduced.

Description

Multi-connection supply system based on solar energy and biomass energy

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of renewable energy utilization, particularly relates to a multi-connected system based on solar energy and biomass energy, and particularly relates to a multi-connected system based on solar energy and biomass energy and containing hydrogen production and ammonia production.

Background

The new energy has randomness and volatility. Therefore, to construct a new power system mainly based on new energy, energy storage is considered as the most important tool for solving the instability of new energy power generation. Because of the advantages of portability and large-scale long-term storage of gases such as hydrogen, ammonia and the like, the hydrogen, ammonia and the like are one of the most promising energy storage media at present.

With the development of technology, energy production systems designed to meet the increasing energy demand are being researched more and more. In research, these systems are designed with particular consideration to the efficiency and environmental impact of the power generation system. The use of renewable energy sources helps to increase the efficiency of the power generation system and minimize environmental impact. Increasing global warming requires countries to more clearly specify the environmental design of energy production systems in environmental policies. This is also a performance criterion that designers consider when designing energy generation systems to function more efficiently with less investment and more useful products. Renewable energy utilization technologies such as photovoltaic hydrogen production and biomass ammonia production have great advantages in reducing environmental impact. However, there is room for improvement in the energy cascade efficiency in the photovoltaic hydrogen production technology, and the biomass ammonia production technology is just beginning. Among the renewable energy based fuels, ammonia costs the least. Ammonia is cheaper to store and distribute than hydrogen, while having no carbon dioxide emissions. However, efficient energy cascade utilization techniques in solar and biomass energy based hydrogen and ammonia production multi-cogeneration systems have not been reported.

In order to improve the utilization efficiency of renewable energy, researchers have proposed some corresponding methods and systems, but certain disadvantages exist.

Patent document with application number 201910909419.1 proposes a photovoltaic and fuel cell integrated power generation system based on photovoltaic hydrogen production and energy storage, which comprises a photovoltaic array, a photovoltaic-fuel cell integrated inverter, a proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer, hydrogen storage equipment, a hydrogen fuel cell, a load, an electric network, a current sensor and an EMS management system, and is characterized in that: the photovoltaic-fuel cell integrated inverter comprises an MPPT control circuit, an inverter circuit and a direct current conversion circuit, wherein the input end of the MPPT control circuit is connected with the photovoltaic array. The invention takes a photovoltaic hydrogen production energy storage mode as an energy storage link, and the control method is that when the photovoltaic power generation meets the load power utilization and generates surplus energy, the surplus energy is stored by the hydrogen production through water electrolysis; when the photovoltaic power generation can not meet the requirement of load power utilization, the stored hydrogen is converted into electric energy through the fuel cell and even jointly supplied with power to the load together with the power grid, so that the continuity of system power supply is ensured, and the utilization rate of solar energy is further improved. The patent is a general idea of photovoltaic hydrogen production and then fuel cell power generation, only considers the energy conversion between light-electricity-hydrogen-electricity, and does not fully utilize the heat generated in the conversion process.

Patent document with application number 201310208147.5 provides a household photovoltaic hydrogen production and fuel cell cogeneration all-in-one machine, which is structurally characterized in that an intelligent controller is respectively connected with a solar module array, a system safety feedback sensor, a visual operation panel, an electrolytic cell and a fuel cell, the electrolytic cell is respectively connected with a hydrogen storage device and an oxygen/air storage device, the hydrogen storage device and the oxygen/air storage device are respectively connected with the fuel cell, the fuel cell is respectively connected with a heat exchanger, an electric energy output control device and a purified water storage device, the heat exchanger supplies hot water to the outside, and the electric energy output control device supplies power to a power utilization terminal. The solar cell module array converts solar energy into electric energy, the electric energy is converted into constant-voltage direct current output through the intelligent controller, a direct current power supply is provided for the electrolytic bath, hydrogen and oxygen are generated through electrolyzing purified water and are stored by the storage devices respectively and finally transmitted to the fuel cell stack, and the energy is converted into heat energy and electric energy through chemical reaction for use by a user end. This patent considers the use of electrical and thermal energy from the fuel cell power generation process, but the release of hydrogen from the hydrogen storage device requires electricity, but is powered by the fuel cell, and thus may create a conflict of egg production versus egg production.

Patent document with application number 201810243941.6 provides a biomass energy fermenting installation who continuously makes ammonia, including feed arrangement and fermenting installation, the feed arrangement lower extreme is provided with the inlet pipe, inlet pipe one end sets up first rotation motor, and first rotation motor is connected first rotation pole, and has helical tooth on, the inboard side of fermenting installation is provided with agitating unit, and agitating unit one side is provided with annular heating rod on the fermenting installation inner wall, and is provided with density alarm device above the agitating unit, and its top is provided with the discharge gate, and is provided with the sprue on the fermenting installation lower extreme is provided with the discharge gate sprue, and the fourth rotation motor of connecting the fermenting installation upper end is rotated to the sprue. According to the invention, the air pressure in the fermentation device is detected through the density alarm device, and when the air pressure is still too high after stirring, the biomass energy is discharged and the material is added, so that automatic feeding is realized, and the continuous production of ammonia gas is realized. The patent also does not take full advantage of the heat generated by the conversion process.

Patent document with application number 201811213956.4 provides a novel solar energy assisted biomass energy power generation system, including biomass boiler, steam turbine, condenser, low pressure heater group, oxygen-eliminating device, high pressure heater group, the air heater who establishes ties in proper order, the desiccator is linked together with biomass boiler's the afterbody of discharging fume, tower solar energy collection field and air heater are parallelly connected, and the steam turbine links to each other with the generator and provides the drive for the generator. The invention generates electricity by using two renewable energy sources of solar energy and biomass, heats biomass fuel by using smoke at the tail part of a biomass boiler, adopts a tower-type solar heat collection field to be connected with an air preheater in parallel, dries the biomass fuel by using the smoke flowing out of smoke cold air, heats the air preheater adjustably according to the illumination intensity of the solar energy, avoids environmental pollution caused by burning straws, fully utilizes the biomass energy, and improves the utilization efficiency of energy. Although this patent considers cascade utilization of energy, it does not utilize energy utilization such as rankine cycle, does not maximize cascade utilization of energy, and does not consider production of clean gas energy such as hydrogen production and ammonia production.

Patent document with application number 201010199847.9 provides a solar biomass energy power generation, refrigeration and heat supply device, which comprises: the device comprises a solar energy absorption device, a power generation device and a biomass high-temperature heating furnace (7), wherein an exhaust pipe of a high-energy heat accumulator (2) of the solar energy absorption device is communicated with an inlet of a first disc-shaped or spiral heating pipe (7.1) arranged in the biomass high-temperature heating furnace (7), and an outlet of the first disc-shaped or spiral heating pipe (7.1) is communicated with an air inlet pipe of an expander of a medium-temperature expansion-compression engine (4) of the power generation device. The advantages are that: the system enables heat energy to be efficiently utilized, and emission of carbon dioxide is reduced; meanwhile, the investment and the electric energy consumption of the refrigeration equipment are saved; when sunlight is insufficient, the biomass high-temperature heating furnace is connected in parallel, so that heat can be effectively supplemented, and the unit can continuously work; the solar biomass energy power generation, refrigeration and heat supply device has high energy conversion efficiency and is suitable for popularization and use. However, this patent does not use energy utilization methods such as rankine cycle, does not maximize the energy cascade utilization, and does not consider the production of clean gas energy such as hydrogen production and ammonia production.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a multi-supply system based on solar energy and biomass energy.

The general literature indicates that the integration of renewable energy sources (e.g., biomass and solar) can improve the performance of power generation systems while also reducing the emission of harmful gases, such as NO _x 、SO ₂ CO and CO ₂ . Therefore, the multi-supply system based on biomass energy and solar energy provides various energy utilization modes such as power generation, hydrogen generation, ammonia generation, cold and heat sources, drying, hot water and the like, and the multi-supply system is subjected to energy and fire utilization evaluation. The main purpose of this patent is to improve the fire performance and the electric energy, heat energy, cold energy, ammonia and hydrogen output of supplying the system more based on solar energy and living beings ability to reduce carbon dioxide's emission. And taking the carbon dioxide emission level as an ecological index for evaluating the power generation system.

The invention has the innovative points that a novel multi-supply system scheme based on solar energy and biomass energy is provided, and clean hydrogen and ammonia are produced by utilizing the multi-supply system of solar energy and biomass energy; and secondly, recovering waste gas energy at the outlet of the steam turbine subsystem by using the Rankine cycle subsystem and the ORC subsystem, and improving the energy utilization efficiency of the multi-connected system and reducing the emission of carbon dioxide by improving components, improving the system work and innovating the system arrangement.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that:

the invention provides a multi-connected power supply system based on solar energy and biomass energy, which comprises a solar heat collection device, a gasification device and a steam turbine subsystem which are sequentially connected;

the solar heat collection device is used for heating air;

the gasification device is used for gasifying biomass to form synthesis gas;

and the steam turbine subsystem is used for generating power after the synthesis gas is combusted.

Preferably, the steam turbine subsystem comprises an air compressor, a combustor, and a first turbine; the combustion chamber is respectively connected with the gasification device, the air compressor and the first turbine;

the solar heat collection device is also connected with a fan, and the fan is used for collecting air and conveying the air into the solar heat collection device; the solar heat collecting device is a parabolic dish-shaped heat collector;

a synthetic gas storage tank is also arranged between the gasification device and the steam turbine subsystem; the gasification device is a gasification furnace.

The biomass comprises the following components in percentage by weight on a dry basis: c:46.30%, H:5.39%, O:34.45%, N:0.57%, S:0.12 percent of tar and 13.12 percent of tar; the moisture content of the biomass is 15% based on a wet basis; the calorific value of the biomass was 18.68MJ/kg.

Preferably, the multi-couple supply system further comprises a first heat exchanger and an electrolytic hydrogen production subsystem; the electrolytic hydrogen production subsystem comprises a proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell and a hydrogen compression subsystem; the first heat exchanger is arranged between the gasification device and the steam turbine subsystem and used for transferring heat between the synthesis gas and water so as to heat the water to a temperature suitable for electrolysis; the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell is used for electrolyzing the heated water; the hydrogen compression subsystem is used for compressing and collecting the electrolyzed hydrogen.

More preferably, the gasification apparatus, the first heat exchanger, the syngas storage tank, and the combustion chamber are connected in sequence.

Preferably, the hydrogen compression subsystem comprises a first hydrogen compressor, an intercooler and a compressed air storage tank which are connected in sequence, and the first hydrogen compressor is connected with the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell; when the first hydrogen compressor and the intercooler are multiple, the first hydrogen compressor and the intercooler are connected at intervals.

Preferably, the multi-combined supply system further comprises an ammonia reaction subsystem, wherein the ammonia reaction subsystem comprises an ammonia reactor, an ammonia gas storage tank, a second hydrogen compressor and a nitrogen gas compressor; one end of the second hydrogen compressor is connected with the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell, and the other end of the second hydrogen compressor is connected with the ammonia reactor; the nitrogen compressor is connected with the ammonia reactor, and the ammonia reactor is also connected with an ammonia storage tank.

The invention also provides a multi-connected power supply system based on solar energy and biomass energy, which comprises 10 subsystems, wherein the subsystems are as follows: the system comprises a solar heat collection device, a gasification device, a steam turbine subsystem, an electrolytic hydrogen production subsystem, an ammonia reaction subsystem, a Rankine cycle subsystem, an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) subsystem, a cooling device, a drying device and a heat supply device;

the solar heat collection device, the gasification device and the steam turbine subsystem are sequentially connected; the solar heat collection device is used for heating air; the gasification device is used for gasifying the biomass and mixing the biomass with the heated air to form synthesis gas; the steam turbine subsystem is used for generating power after the synthesis gas is combusted;

a first heat exchanger is arranged between the gasification device and the steam turbine subsystem and used for transferring heat between the synthesis gas and water so as to heat the water to a temperature suitable for electrolysis;

the electrolytic hydrogen production subsystem comprises a proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell and a hydrogen compression subsystem; the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell is used for electrolyzing the heated water, and the hydrogen compression subsystem is used for compressing and collecting the electrolyzed hydrogen;

the ammonia reaction subsystem comprises an ammonia reactor, an ammonia gas storage tank, a second hydrogen compressor and a nitrogen compressor; one end of the second hydrogen compressor is connected with the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell, and the other end of the second hydrogen compressor is connected with the ammonia reactor; the nitrogen compressor is connected with the ammonia reactor, and the ammonia reactor is also connected with an ammonia storage tank;

the Rankine cycle subsystem is connected with the steam turbine subsystem through a second heat exchanger; the second heat exchanger is used for conducting heat transfer on the low-pressure fluid from the first turbine and the working fluid of the Rankine cycle subsystem so as to heat the working fluid of the Rankine cycle subsystem;

the second heat exchanger is also connected with a fifth heat exchanger; the organic Rankine cycle subsystem comprises an organic Rankine cycle steam turbine, a fourth heat exchanger and a second pump which are connected with a fifth heat exchanger in a closed-loop mode;

the cooling device is connected with the fourth heat exchanger, the drying device is connected with the fifth heat exchanger, and the heating device is connected with the drying device.

Preferably, the steam turbine subsystem comprises an air compressor, a combustor and a first turbine; the combustion chamber is respectively connected with the gasification device, the air compressor and the first turbine;

a synthetic gas storage tank is also arranged between the gasification device and the steam turbine subsystem; the gasification device is a gasification furnace;

the gasification device, the first heat exchanger, the synthetic gas storage tank and the combustion chamber are connected in sequence.

Preferably, the hydrogen compression subsystem comprises a first hydrogen compressor, an intercooler and a compressed air storage tank which are connected in sequence, and the first hydrogen compressor is connected with the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell; when the number of the first hydrogen compressors and the number of the intercoolers are multiple, the first hydrogen compressors are connected with the intercoolers at intervals;

and the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell is connected with the first hydrogen compressor and the second hydrogen compressor through a three-way valve.

Preferably, the rankine cycle subsystem includes a second turbine in closed-loop connection with a second heat exchanger, a condenser, and a first pump.

Preferably, the cooling device comprises an ejector, a third heat exchanger and a third pump, wherein the ejector, the third heat exchanger and the third pump are connected with the fourth heat exchanger in a closed loop mode, the third heat exchanger is connected with the third pump and the evaporator through a three-way valve, a valve is further arranged between the third pump and the evaporator, and the other end of the evaporator is connected with the ejector.

Preferably, the drying device is a dryer, and the heat supply device is a hot water storage tank.

The operation of the multi-supply system of the invention is as follows:

1) 1 st subsystem: a solar heat collection device. First the air enters the fan (path 1) and then the solar collector (path 2) to obtain a certain amount of heat energy.

2) The 2 nd subsystem: a gasification device. The heated air enters the gasification device (path 3). The biomass is also transferred to the gasification device (path 4) and gasified by the heated air to generate synthesis gas, and the synthesis gas enters the first heat exchanger (path 6). The remaining ash is discharged from the gasification unit (path 5). In the first heat exchanger, heat transfer takes place between the syngas exiting the gasification unit and the water entering the system for electrolysis. The synthesis gas after heat exchange by the first heat exchanger is then sent to a synthesis gas storage tank (path 7). So far, the storage of the synthesis gas is completed, and the water temperature entering the electrolytic hydrogen production subsystem is also raised to the temperature required by electrolysis. The syngas storage tank is a pressure tank equipped with safety valves, level regulation, pressure and temperature regulation and all other designs meet the relevant specifications.

3) The 3 rd subsystem: and an electrolytic hydrogen production subsystem. 4, subsystem: an ammonia reaction subsystem. The preferred subsystems in a multi-fed system are those that produce hydrogen and ammonia. To produce hydrogen and ammonia, water is first electrolyzed. The water required by the electrolytic hydrogen production subsystem is first delivered to the first heat exchanger (path 17). In the first heat exchanger, the water temperature is heated to a temperature suitable for electrolysis. The energy required here is provided by the heat energy in the synthesis gas produced by the gasification unit. Water suitable for electrolysis is delivered to a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolyzer (path 18). The power required for the electrolysis process in the PEM electrolyser is provided by the power generated by the steam turbine subsystem. The oxygen generated in the PEM electrolyser is discharged (path 19) and used in subsequent processes. Hydrogen gas produced by the electrolysis process enters the three-way valve at a certain flow rate. A portion of the hydrogen produced is diverted to the hydrogen compression subsystem for storage (path 21). Hydrogen entering the hydrogen compression subsystem is first delivered to the second hydrogen compressor (path 21) and then to the intercooler (path 22). This portion of the gas is again subjected to multiple compression and cooling by the second hydrogen compressor, the intercooler, the second hydrogen compressor, and the intercooler, and the resulting compressed hydrogen is sent to the compressed hydrogen storage tank (path 27). While the fluid from the external compressor used to cool the hydrogen enters the intercooler (path 28, path 30, path 32) and then exits the intercooler (path 29, path 31, path 33).

The remaining hydrogen produced in the PEM electrolyzer is sent to the ammonia reaction subsystem for ammonia production. The hydrogen is sent through a three-way valve to a second hydrogen compressor (path 34) where the compressed hydrogen is sent to an ammonia reactor (path 35). The nitrogen required for ammonia production is also fed to the nitrogen compressor (path 36). The nitrogen at elevated pressure in the nitrogen compressor is then fed to the ammonia reactor (path 37). The ammonia obtained by reacting hydrogen with nitrogen in the ammonia reactor is then transferred to the ammonia storage tank (path 38).

4) The 5 th subsystem: and a steam turbine subsystem. The power generation part in the multi-combined supply system is performed in a steam turbine subsystem. In this cycle, air is drawn from a quiescent state and delivered to the air compressor (path 9), where it is compressed and the pressure rises. The resulting high-pressure air is delivered to the combustion chamber (path 10). The syngas generated and stored in the previously described sub-system will be simultaneously delivered to the combustor (path 8). The fluid, which obtains a certain amount of energy through the combustion reaction, is sent to a first turbine (path 11), where it is expanded to produce work (path 12). The low pressure fluid, still having some thermal energy, exiting the first turbine, is sent to a second heat exchanger (path 12) for heating the working fluid used in the rankine cycle. The low pressure fluid from the second heat exchanger, which also has some thermal energy, is delivered to the fifth heat exchanger (path 13) for heating the working fluid of the ORC subsystem. The fluid coming out of the fifth heat exchanger is sent to the drying device (path 14) and to the heating unit (path 15), providing them with energy. Finally, it is discharged out of the system as exhaust gas (path 16).

5) The 6 th subsystem: a Rankine cycle subsystem. One power generation subsystem in the multi-cogeneration system is a rankine cycle subsystem. The power required by the Rankine cycle subsystem is provided by low-pressure fluid from the steam turbine subsystem after circulation. In the second heat exchanger, heat transfer occurs between the working fluid in the rankine substitute and the low pressure fluid from the gas turbine. The working fluid in the rankine cycle subsystem is delivered to the second turbine (path 39) after obtaining some energy in the second heat exchanger. Power is generated by expansion of the working fluid in a second turbine (path 39, path 40). Working fluid working medium having a heating value from the second turbine is reduced but is delivered to the condenser (path 40) for cooling and then discharged from the outlet and then delivered to the first pump (path 41) to raise its pressure. The cooling medium in the condenser enters the condenser through a path 43 and is discharged through a path 44. The elevated pressure working fluid is routed to the second heat exchanger (path 42) to raise the temperature, thereby circulating.

6) 7 th subsystem: an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) subsystem. Yet another power generation subsystem in a multi-fed system is the ORC subsystem. The power required by the ORC subsystem is provided by the low pressure fluid from the second heat exchanger. The low pressure fluid after heat transfer through the second heat exchanger is delivered to a fifth heat exchanger (path 13) where heat transfer occurs between the working fluid in the ORC subsystem and the low pressure fluid from the second heat exchanger. After the working fluid in the ORC subsystem reaches a certain energy level in the fifth heat exchanger, it is sent to an ORC turbine (i.e., an organic rankine cycle turbine, path 45). Power is generated by expansion of the working fluid (path 45, path 46) in the ORC subsystem. The working fluid with a heating value is delivered from the ORC turbine to a fourth heat exchanger (path 46) to provide energy for the cooling device. The working fluid discharged from the fourth heat exchanger is then sent to a second pump (path 47) to raise the pressure. The working fluid at the increased pressure in the second pump enters the fifth heat exchanger (path 48) to raise the temperature, thereby circulating.

7) The 8 th subsystem: and (6) a cooling device. The cooling device is a place where cooling output is generated in the multi-supply system. The energy required to generate the cooling output during the injector cooling process is provided by the heating value of the working fluid in the ORC subsystem. In addition, working fluid from the ejector is delivered to the third heat exchanger (path 49). And heating output power is obtained through the thermal power conversion of the third heat exchanger. Then, the working fluid from the third heat exchanger is sent to the three-way valve at a certain flow rate. Some of the working fluid enters the valve (path 51). By using the valve, the pressure of the working fluid is reduced. The reduced pressure working fluid is delivered to the evaporator (path 52). With the evaporator, heat is absorbed from the reference environment and evaporates the circulating fluid, in such a way that a cooling output is obtained. The working fluid evaporated in the evaporator is then transferred to the ejector (path 53). The remainder of the working fluid entering the three-way valve is delivered to the third pump (path 54) to raise its pressure. The working fluid at elevated pressure is then sent to the fourth heat exchanger (path 55). In the fourth heat exchanger, heat exchange occurs between the circulating fluid (i.e., the working fluid at elevated pressure) in the cooling device and the working fluid in the ORC subsystem. The circulating fluid from the cooling device of the fourth heat exchanger is also diverted to the ejector (path 56). The circulation in the cooling device is performed in this manner.

8) The 9 th subsystem: and (7) a drying device. The heat energy required by the drying means in the multi-fed system during the drying process is met by the energy in the fluid from the fifth heat exchanger. The low pressure fluid after heat transfer through the fifth heat exchanger is delivered to the drying apparatus (path 14) to provide energy to the drying apparatus to dry the wet product through the drying apparatus to obtain the final dry product (path 61, path 62).

9) The 10 th subsystem: a heat supply unit. Another useful output produced in the multi-supply system is hot water. The heating value required by the heating device to obtain hot water is provided by the heating value in the fluid from the drying device. The low-pressure fluid flowing out after passing through the drying device is sent to the heating device (path 15), and the cold water is heated by the heating device to obtain hot water (path 63, path 64). And the resulting fluid is discharged as exhaust gas (path 16).

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention provides a novel multi-connected system scheme based on solar energy and biomass energy, which improves the energy utilization efficiency of a system and reduces the emission of carbon dioxide while providing various energy utilization modes such as power generation, hydrogen production, ammonia production, cold and heat sources, drying, hot water and the like.

Drawings

The invention may be better understood from the detailed description of non-limiting exemplary embodiments thereof, and by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is a multi-supply system based on solar energy and biomass energy provided by an embodiment of the invention;

wherein: 100-a fan; 101-a heat collector; 102-a gasification furnace; 103-an air compressor; 104-a combustion chamber; 105-a first turbine; 106 — a first heat exchanger; 107-a syngas storage tank; 108-proton exchange membrane electrolyzer; 109-a first hydrogen compressor; 110-an intercooler; 111-compressed hydrogen storage tank; 112-a second hydrogen compressor; 113-ammonia reactor, 114-nitrogen compressor; 115-ammonia storage tank; 116-a second heat exchanger; 117-second turbine; 118-a condenser; 119-a first pump; 120-a fifth heat exchanger; 121-an organic rankine cycle turbine; 122-a fourth heat exchanger; 123-a second pump; 124-an ejector; 125-a third heat exchanger; 126-an evaporator; 127-a valve; 128-three-way valve; 129-a third pump; 130-a dryer; 131-hot water storage tank.

Detailed Description

Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the specification and claims should have the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. All numerical values recited herein as between the lowest value and the highest value are intended to mean all values between the lowest value and the highest value in increments of one unit when there is more than two units difference between the lowest value and the highest value.

While specific embodiments of the present application will be described below, it should be noted that in the course of describing these embodiments in detail, it is not possible for the specification to describe in detail all of the features of an actual embodiment in order to provide a concise description. Modifications and substitutions may be made to the embodiments of the present application by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and the resulting embodiments are within the scope of the present application.

Examples

The following examples will be described in detail, which are carried out on the premise of the technical scheme of the present application, and the detailed implementation mode and the specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a multi-supply system based on solar energy and biomass energy, and as shown in fig. 1, there are 10 subsystems. Respectively as follows: the system comprises a solar heat collection device, a gasification device, a steam turbine subsystem, an electrolytic hydrogen production subsystem, an ammonia reaction subsystem, a Rankine cycle subsystem, an organic Rankine cycle subsystem, a cooling device, a drying device and a heat supply device.

The solar heat collection device, the gasification device and the steam turbine subsystem are sequentially connected; the solar heat collection device is used for heating air; the gasification device is used for gasifying biomass to form synthesis gas; the steam turbine subsystem is used for generating power after the synthesis gas is combusted;

a first heat exchanger 106 is arranged between the gasification device and the steam turbine subsystem, and the first heat exchanger 106 is used for conducting heat transfer on the synthesis gas and water so that the water is heated to a temperature suitable for electrolysis;

the electrolytic hydrogen production subsystem comprises a proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell 108 and a hydrogen compression subsystem; the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell 108 is used for electrolyzing the heated water, and the hydrogen compression subsystem is used for compressing and collecting the electrolyzed hydrogen;

the ammonia reaction subsystem comprises an ammonia reactor 113, an ammonia gas storage tank 115, a second hydrogen compressor 112 and a nitrogen gas compressor 114; one end of the second hydrogen compressor 112 is connected with the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell 108, and the other end is connected with the ammonia reactor 113; the nitrogen compressor 114 is connected with the ammonia reactor 113, and the ammonia reactor 113 is also connected with an ammonia gas storage tank 115;

the Rankine cycle subsystem is connected with the steam turbine subsystem through a second heat exchanger 116; the second heat exchanger 116 is used for transferring heat between the low-pressure fluid from the first turbine 105 and the working fluid of the rankine cycle subsystem to heat the working fluid of the rankine cycle subsystem;

the second heat exchanger 116 is also connected to a fifth heat exchanger 120; the organic Rankine cycle subsystem comprises an organic Rankine cycle turbine 121, a fourth heat exchanger 122 and a second pump 123 which are connected with the fifth heat exchanger 120 in a closed loop mode;

the cooling device is connected to the fourth heat exchanger 122, the drying device is connected to the fifth heat exchanger 120, and the heating device is connected to the drying device.

The steam turbine subsystem comprises an air compressor 103, a combustion chamber 104 and a first steam turbine 105; the combustion chamber is respectively connected with the gasification device, the air compressor and the first turbine;

the solar heat collection device is also connected with a fan 100, and the fan 100 is used for collecting air and conveying the air to the solar heat collection device; the solar heat collecting device is a parabolic dish-shaped heat collector 101;

a synthetic gas storage tank 107 is also arranged between the gasification device and the steam turbine subsystem; the gasification device is a gasification furnace 102;

the gasification apparatus, the first heat exchanger 106, the syngas storage tank 107 and the combustion chamber 104 are connected in sequence.

The hydrogen compression subsystem comprises a first hydrogen compressor 109, an intercooler 110 and a compressed air storage tank 111 which are connected in sequence, wherein the first hydrogen compressor 109 is connected with the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell 108; when the number of the first hydrogen compressors 109 and the intercoolers 110 is plural, the first hydrogen compressors 109 and the intercoolers 110 are connected at intervals;

the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 108 is connected to the first hydrogen compressor 109 and the second hydrogen compressor 112 by a three-way valve 128.

The rankine cycle subsystem includes a second turbine 117 in closed-loop connection with a second heat exchanger 116, a condenser 118, and a first pump 119.

The cooling device comprises an ejector 124 connected with the fourth heat exchanger 122 in a closed loop mode, a third heat exchanger 125 and a third pump 129, the third heat exchanger 125 is connected with the third pump 129 and the evaporator 126 through a three-way valve 128, a valve 127 is further arranged between the third pump 129 and the evaporator 126, and the other end of the evaporator 126 is connected with the ejector 124.

The drying device is a dryer 130, and the heat supply device is a hot water storage tank 131.

The multi-supply system of the present invention operates as follows (the numerals 1 to 64 marked by respective solid arrows in fig. 1 represent the following paths 1 to 64):

(1) 1 st subsystem: a solar heat collection device. The solar heat collector in this embodiment is a parabolic dish-shaped heat collector 101, but is not limited thereto. In a multi-supply system, air enters the fan 100 of the system first (path 1) via a fan and then enters the collector 101 (path 2) to obtain a certain amount of heat energy. The choice of collector 101 may vary depending on the characteristics of the amount of energy expected by the system, the initial investment cost, etc., as determined by the designer or investor wishing to install the system.

(2) The 2 nd subsystem: a gasification device. The gasification apparatus used in the present embodiment is a gasification furnace 102. With the parabolic dish shaped collector 102, heated air enters the gasifier 102 (path 3). And the biomass will also be transferred into furnace 102 (path 4) for syngas production. The biomass composition and characteristics used in the system are shown in table 1. The fluid obtained after gasification of the biomass (i.e. syngas) enters the first heat exchanger 106 (path 6). In the first heat exchanger 106, heat transfer occurs between the fluid exiting the gasifier 102 and the water entering the system for electrolysis. The syngas after heat exchange by the first heat exchanger 106 is then sent to the syngas storage tank 107 (path 7). At this point, the storage of the synthesis gas is completed and the temperature of the water entering the electrolysis subsystem is also raised to the temperature required for electrolysis. The syngas storage tank 107 is a pressure tank equipped with relief valves, level regulation, pressure and temperature regulation, and all other design compliance specifications. The design pressure and temperature were chosen to be 524 ℃ and 130kPa, respectively.

Table 1 biomass composition (% dry fuel)

Composition (I)	Weight percent (%)
		Water content (% wet base biomass)	15
High calorific value (MJ/kg)	18.68
		C	46.30
H	5.39
		O	34.45
N	0.57
		S	0.12
Tar oil	13.12

(3) The 3 rd subsystem: and an electrolytic hydrogen production subsystem. 4 th subsystem: an ammonia reaction subsystem. A preferred subsystem in a multi-fed system is the subsystem that produces hydrogen and ammonia. To produce hydrogen and ammonia, water is first electrolyzed. The water required by the electrolytic hydrogen production subsystem is first delivered to first heat exchanger 106 (path 17). In the first heat exchanger 106, the water temperature is heated to a temperature suitable for electrolysis. The energy required here is provided by the thermal energy in the syngas produced by the gasifier 102. Water suitable for electrolysis is delivered to a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolyzer 108 (path 18). The power required for the electrolysis process in the PEM electrolyser is provided by the power generated by the steam turbine subsystem. The oxygen produced in the PEM electrolyser is discharged (path 19) and used in subsequent processes. Hydrogen gas generated by the electrolysis process was at 20m ³ A flow rate/h into the three-way valve 128. A portion of the hydrogen produced is diverted to the hydrogen compression subsystem for storage (path 21). Hydrogen entering the hydrogen compression subsystem is first delivered to the first hydrogen compressor 109 (path 21) and then to the intercooler 110 (path 22). This part of the gas is again subjected to multiple compression and cooling by the next first hydrogen compressor 109, intercooler 110, second hydrogen compressor 109, intercooler 110, and the resulting compressed hydrogen gas is sent to the compressed hydrogen gas storage tank 111 (path 27). While the fluid from the external compressor used to cool the hydrogen enters the intercooler 110 (path 28, path 30, path 32) and then exits the intercooler 110 (path 29, path 31, path 33).

The remaining hydrogen produced in the PEM electrolyzer is sent to the ammonia reaction subsystem for ammonia production. The hydrogen is delivered to the second hydrogen compressor 112 through the three-way valve 128 (path 34), and the hydrogen compressed in the second hydrogen compressor 112 is delivered to the ammonia reactor 113 (path 35). The nitrogen required for ammonia production is also fed to nitrogen compressor 114 (path 36). The elevated pressure nitrogen from the nitrogen compressor 114 is then fed to the ammonia reactor 113 (path 37). The ammonia obtained by reacting hydrogen with nitrogen in the ammonia reactor 113 is then transferred to the ammonia gas storage tank 115 (path 38).

(4) The 5 th subsystem: and (4) a steam turbine subsystem. The power generation portion of the multi-generation system is accomplished in the gas turbine cycle system (i.e., the steam turbine subsystem) via the gas turbine (i.e., the first turbine 105). In this cycle, air is drawn from a quiescent state and delivered to the air compressor 103 (path 9), where it is compressed and the pressure rises. The high pressure air is delivered to the combustion chamber 104 (path 10). The syngas generated and stored in the previously described sub-system will be simultaneously delivered to the combustor 104 (path 8). The fluid, which obtains a certain amount of energy through the combustion reaction, is sent to the gas turbine (path 11) and expanded to produce work (path 12). The low pressure fluid exiting the gas turbine, still having some thermal energy, is delivered to a second heat exchanger 116 (path 12) for heating the working fluid used in the rankine cycle. The low pressure fluid exiting the second heat exchanger 116, also having a certain amount of thermal energy, is sent to the fifth heat exchanger 120 (path 13) for heating the working fluid of the ORC subsystem. The fluid exiting the fifth heat exchanger 120 is sent to the dryer 130 (path 14) and the hot water storage tank 131 (path 15) to provide energy to them. Finally, it is discharged out of the system as exhaust gas (path 16).

(5) The 6 th subsystem: a Rankine cycle subsystem. One power generation subsystem in the multi-cogeneration system is a rankine cycle subsystem. The power required by the rankine cycle is provided by the low pressure fluid from the turbine subsystem cycle. In the second heat exchanger 116, heat transfer occurs between the working fluid in the rankine cycle subsystem and the low pressure fluid from the gas turbine. The working fluid of the rankine cycle subsystem employed in this embodiment is water, but the working fluid is not limited thereto. The working fluid in the rankine cycle subsystem is delivered to the second turbine 117 (path 39) after obtaining some energy in the second heat exchanger 116. Power is generated in the second turbine 117 by the expansion of the working fluid (path 39, path 40). Working fluid having a heating value from the second turbine 117 is reduced but delivered to the condenser 118 (path 40) for cooling and then discharged from the outlet. The working fluid, which causes the condenser 118 to produce a heat output, is then delivered to a first pump 119 (path 41) to raise its pressure. The cooling medium in the condenser 118 enters the condenser 118 through the path 43 and is discharged through the path 44. The elevated pressure working fluid is routed to the second heat exchanger 116 (path 42) to increase the temperature, thereby circulating.

(6) 7 th subsystem: an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) subsystem. Yet another power generation subsystem in a multi-fed system is the ORC subsystem. The power required by the ORC subsystem is provided by the low pressure fluid from the second heat exchanger 116. In the present example, 1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (R245 FA) organic working fluid is used as the working fluid of ORC, but the working fluid is not limited to R245FA. In the fifth heat exchanger 120, heat transfer occurs between the working fluid in the ORC subsystem and the fluid from the second heat exchanger 116. The R245FA reaches a certain energy level in the fifth heat exchanger 120 and is sent to the ORC turbine (i.e. organic rankine cycle turbine 121, path 45). The power is generated by expansion of R245FA (path 45, path 46) in the ORC subsystem. The R245FA with a heating value is sent from the ORC turbine to the fourth heat exchanger 122 (path 46) to power the ejector 124 in the cooling device. Then, the R245FA discharged from the fourth heat exchanger 122 is sent to the second pump 123 (path 47) to raise the pressure. The elevated pressure R245FA in the second pump 123 enters the fifth heat exchanger 120 (path 48) to raise the temperature, thereby circulating.

(7) The 8 th subsystem: and (6) a cooling device. The cooling device is where the cooling output is generated in the multi-supply system. The energy required to produce a cooling output during cooling of the ejector 124 is satisfied by the thermal power of the working fluid R245FA in the ORC subsystem. In the cooling device, this embodiment employs isobutane as the working fluid of the cooling device, but is not limited to isobutane. Further, isobutane from the ejector 124 is sent to the third heat exchanger 125 (path 49). Through a third heat exchanger 125And (4) converting the thermal power to obtain heating output power. Then, isobutane from the third heat exchanger 125 was 50m ³ The flow rate of/h is delivered to the three-way valve 128. Some of the working fluid enters valve 127 (path 51). By using the valve 127, the pressure of isobutane was reduced. The reduced pressure isobutane is sent to evaporator 126 (path 52). The cooling output is obtained in this manner by the evaporator 126 absorbing heat from the reference environment and evaporating the circulating fluid. The isobutane evaporated in evaporator 126 is then transferred to ejector 124 (path 53). The remaining portion of the isobutane entering the three-way valve 128 is sent to a third pump 129 (path 54) to raise its pressure. Subsequently, the isobutane, which has risen in pressure, is sent to the fourth heat exchanger 122 (path 55). In the fourth heat exchanger 122, heat transfer occurs between the isobutane in the chiller and the working fluid R245FA in the ORC subsystem. The circulating fluid isobutane from the cooling means of the fourth heat exchanger 122 is also diverted to the ejector 124 (path 56). The circulation in the cooling device is performed in this manner.

(8) The 9 th subsystem: and (7) a drying device. The drying device used in this embodiment is a dryer 130, and the heat energy required for the drying process is satisfied by the energy in the fluid from the fifth heat exchanger 120. The low pressure fluid after heat transfer by the fifth heat exchanger 120 is delivered to the dryer 130 (path 14) to power the dryer 130, and the wet product is dried by the dryer 130 to obtain the final dry product (path 61, path 62).

(9) The 10 th subsystem: a heat supply unit. Another useful output produced in the multi-fed system is hot water. The heating value required by the heating device to obtain hot water is provided by the heating value in the fluid from the dryer 130. The heating unit used in this embodiment is a hot water tank 131, and a low-pressure fluid flowing out of the hot water tank 131 after passing through the dryer 130 is transferred to the hot water tank 131 (path 15), and hot water is obtained by heating cold water in the hot water tank 131 (path 63, path 64). And the resulting fluid is discharged as exhaust gas (path 16).

The electric power required by the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell 108, the first hydrogen compressor 109, the second hydrogen compressor 112, the nitrogen compressor 114 and the air compressor 103 is provided by the first turbine 105 for generating electricity. As indicated by the dashed arrows in fig. 1.

The present embodiment will operate the multi-cogeneration system based on the aforementioned solar and biomass energy in the following 4 modes, respectively:

1) The 1 st mode is that only a solar heat collection device, a gasification device and a steam turbine subsystem are connected in sequence, and the aim is only to generate electricity. The solar heat collection device is used for heating air; the gasification device is used for gasifying biomass to form synthesis gas; and the steam turbine subsystem is used for generating power after the synthesis gas is combusted.

2) And the 2 nd mode is that an electrolytic hydrogen production subsystem is added in the 1 st mode, the electrolytic hydrogen production subsystem comprises a proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell and a hydrogen compression subsystem, and the aim is to generate electricity and produce hydrogen.

3) The 3 rd mode is to add an ammonia reaction subsystem in the 2 nd mode with the goal of generating electricity, producing hydrogen, producing ammonia.

4) In the 4 th mode, in the 3 rd mode, a rankine cycle subsystem, an ORC subsystem, a cooling device, a drying device, and a heat supply unit, that is, the multi-supply system including the above-described 10 subsystems are added, and the purpose is to generate power, produce hydrogen, produce ammonia, cool, heat, dry, and supply hot water.

This example compares the energy use efficiency (energy efficiency, efficiency for combustion) and the carbon dioxide emission of the 4 operation modes, and the energy use efficiency is based on

The method is used for detecting the emission of carbon dioxide according to an integration datum line and a detection method under a clean development mechanism, and the result is shown in table 2. As can be seen from table 2, through the cascade utilization of energy such as power generation, hydrogen production, ammonia production, refrigeration, heating, drying, and hot water supply, the energy utilization efficiency of the multi-combined supply system of solar energy and biomass energy based on 10 subsystems is greatly improved, and the carbon dioxide emission is significantly reduced.

Table 2 energy utilization efficiency and carbon dioxide emission amount of multi-generation system based on solar energy and biomass energy in different operation modes

Evaluation index	Mode 1	Mode 2	Mode 3	Mode 4
					Energy efficiency/%)	39.72	41.08	43.17	58.76
Efficiency for fire/%)	36.18	37.94	39.12	55.64
					CO ₂ Discharge/g kWh ^-1	18.75	16.23	15.84	13.07

The invention has many applications, and the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that the above examples are only for illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these modifications should be construed as within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a many confession systems that ally oneself with based on solar energy and biomass energy which characterized in that, includes 10 subsystems, is respectively: the system comprises a solar heat collection device, a gasification device, a steam turbine subsystem, an electrolytic hydrogen production subsystem, an ammonia reaction subsystem, a Rankine cycle subsystem, an organic Rankine cycle subsystem, a cooling device, a drying device and a heat supply device;

2. A multi-generation solar and biomass energy based system according to claim 1, wherein the steam turbine subsystem comprises an air compressor, a combustor and a first steam turbine; the combustion chamber is respectively connected with the gasification device, the air compressor and the first turbine;

the solar heat collection device is also connected with a fan, and the fan is used for collecting air and conveying the air to the solar heat collection device; the solar heat collecting device is a parabolic dish-shaped heat collector;

a synthetic gas storage tank is also arranged between the gasification device and the steam turbine subsystem;

3. A multi-generation system based on solar energy and biomass energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrogen compression subsystem comprises a first hydrogen compressor, an intercooler and a compressed air storage tank which are connected in sequence, and the first hydrogen compressor is connected with the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer; when the number of the first hydrogen compressors and the plurality of the intercoolers are multiple, the first hydrogen compressors are connected with the intercoolers at intervals;

4. The solar and biomass energy-based multi-generation system as recited in claim 1, wherein the rankine cycle subsystem comprises a second turbine in closed-loop connection with a second heat exchanger, a condenser, and a first pump.

5. A multi-supply system based on solar energy and biomass energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cooling device comprises an ejector, a third heat exchanger and a third pump which are connected with a fourth heat exchanger in a closed loop manner, the third heat exchanger is connected with the third pump and an evaporator through a three-way valve, a valve is further arranged between the third pump and the evaporator, and the other end of the evaporator is connected with the ejector;

the drying device is a dryer, and the heat supply device is a hot water storage tank.