CN113339029A - Anchor cable and channel steel beam cross-connection combined integral roof supporting structure and method through annular connecting disc - Google Patents
Anchor cable and channel steel beam cross-connection combined integral roof supporting structure and method through annular connecting disc Download PDFInfo
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- CN113339029A CN113339029A CN202110659415.XA CN202110659415A CN113339029A CN 113339029 A CN113339029 A CN 113339029A CN 202110659415 A CN202110659415 A CN 202110659415A CN 113339029 A CN113339029 A CN 113339029A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 178
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 178
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000761557 Lamina Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003631 expected effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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Abstract
The invention relates to an anchor cable and channel steel beam cross-connected combined integral roof supporting structure and a method, belonging to the field of coal mine safety supporting, wherein the anchor cable and channel steel beam cross-connected combined integral roof supporting structure comprises an anchor cable, a ring-shaped connecting disc and a channel steel beam, wherein the ring-shaped connecting disc comprises a middle ring structure and four sections of connecting channel steel, and the ring structure and the four sections of connecting channel steel are integrated; a plurality of circular connecting discs are longitudinally distributed along the length of the roadway; the two connecting channel steels in the transverse direction of each circular connecting plate are respectively connected with one end of a short channel steel, and the other end of the short channel steel is connected with an anchor rope and is driven into a rock body; the connecting channel steels in two longitudinal directions of the circular ring-shaped connecting discs are respectively connected with one end of the long channel steel, the other end of the long channel steel is connected with the end part of one longitudinal connecting channel steel of the adjacent circular ring-shaped connecting disc, and the circular ring-shaped connecting discs are connected into a whole through the long channel steel. The invention has good integrity, can quickly realize timely support in a stoping roadway, and obviously improves the support quality of the roadway and the efficiency of tunneling operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an anchor cable and channel steel beam cross-connection combined integral roof supporting structure and method, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine safety supporting.
Background
After coal mining enters deep parts, roof disaster accidents easily occur in mining roadways under the combined action of the advanced supporting pressure of a working face and the original stress. At the moment of roof pressure, a large amount of elastic impact energy can be released in the form of waves, and the impact energy can cause the roof of the mining roadway to be broken, delaminated and even unstable, so that the vibration and damage of coal and rock bodies, the damage of supports and equipment, serious casualties and partial collapse of the roadway are caused. Roadway roof management is the important factor in mine safety production, and how to manage a roof becomes a major problem to be solved urgently.
The conventional anchor rod support cannot meet the requirement of unstable roof support, the conventional anchor (rod) cable support mode is point load, the support range is small, and the conventional anchor rod support cannot be suitable for deformation damage caused by horizontal movement of a roadway roof to a certain extent; the combined support of anchor net belt (beam) spraying and the like and the secondary or repeated reinforcing and reinforcing support of the anchor cable are not obvious in effect.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an anchor cable and channel steel beam cross-connected combined integral roof supporting structure and a method, which have good integrity, can quickly realize timely support in a stoping roadway, and obviously improve the supporting quality of the roadway and the efficiency of tunneling operation.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the anchor cable and channel steel beam cross-connected and combined integral roof supporting structure comprises an anchor cable, a circular connecting disc and a channel steel beam, wherein the circular connecting disc comprises a circular ring structure at the middle part and four sections of externally-connected channel steel at the periphery of the circular ring structure, the circular ring structure and the four sections of connected channel steel are of an integrated structure, and the circular connecting disc is of a circular connecting disc structure
Molding;
the number of the circular connecting discs is multiple, and the multiple circular connecting discs are longitudinally distributed along the length of the roadway;
the channel steel beam comprises a short channel steel and an elongated channel steel, the two connecting channel steels in the transverse directions of each circular connecting disc are respectively connected with one end of the short channel steel, and the other end of the short channel steel is matched with the anchor cable to be connected and driven into a rock body; the connecting channel steels in two longitudinal directions of the circular ring-shaped connecting discs are respectively connected with one end of the long channel steel, the other end of the long channel steel is connected with the end part of one longitudinal connecting channel steel of the adjacent circular ring-shaped connecting discs, and the circular ring-shaped connecting discs are connected into a whole through the long channel steel.
Preferably, all through the pin junction between connection channel-section steel and the short channel steel and between connection channel-section steel and the long slot steel, it is specific, respectively wash a rectangular pinhole A on the two pterygoid laminas of tip of connection channel-section steel, respectively wash a rectangular pinhole B on the one end of short channel-section steel and the two pterygoid laminas in both ends of long channel-section steel, this rectangular pinhole B's size is the same with rectangular pinhole A's size, and, space width W1 between the two pterygoid laminas of connection channel-section steel is greater than the width W2 of short channel-section steel/long slot steel web, during the connection, in the short channel-section steel/long slot steel embedding connection channel-section steel, after the connection, the rectangular pinhole A of connection channel-section steel corresponds with the rectangular pinhole B position of short channel-section steel/long channel steel to insert through a rectangular round pin.
Preferably, a circular hole is punched in a web plate at one end, where the short channel steel is in fit connection with the anchor cable, of the anchor cable, the anchor cable penetrates through the circular hole and is driven into the rock body, namely, the circular ring-shaped connecting disc is matched with the anchor cable applying prestress through the two short channel steels, so that the circular ring-shaped connecting disc is tightly attached to the rock wall and is fixed.
Preferably, the central anchor cable is driven into the center of the circular ring-shaped connecting disc through the prepared anchor cable hole, the central anchor cable is further reinforced by matching with the tray, the tray is used as an important part in a supporting system, and the performance of the tray directly influences the supporting effect. The tray is used for transmitting thrust generated by the nut locking torque to the top wall to generate initial anchoring force, and simultaneously transmitting pressure of the roadway top wall to the anchor rod (cable) to generate working resistance to jointly reinforce surrounding rocks and prevent displacement of the roadway top wall.
In the invention, the central anchor cable is arranged in the vertical direction of the roadway top plate, and the anchor cables connected with the short channel steel at two sides are arranged at a position deviating from the vertical direction by 30-40 degrees.
Preferably, the plurality of longitudinally distributed annular connecting discs are connected into a whole through long-slot steel to form a row, a plurality of rows are distributed at intervals along the cross section of the roadway at certain row spacing, the row spacing can be determined according to the surrounding rock condition of the roadway, the row spacing can be properly shortened due to the weak surrounding rock, the row spacing can be properly increased due to the high strength of the surrounding rock.
Preferably, the circular ring structure of the circular ring-shaped connecting disc is made of miner steel, and the miner steel is used for supporting steel structures in coal mines and is used for strong supporting.
A supporting method of an integral top plate supporting structure formed by connecting and combining an anchor cable and a channel steel beam in a cross mode through a circular connecting disc comprises the following steps:
(1) drilling a drill hole on two sides of a top plate of the roadway, which is located on the same section, and respectively anchoring two anchor cables in the two drill holes;
(2) jacking the circular connecting disc to a roof of the attaching roadway;
(3) connecting the connecting channel steels on the two transverse sides of the circular connecting disc with the short channel steel in a manual operation mode, enabling a long strip pin hole A and a long strip pin hole B on the wing plate to correspond to each other, inserting a long strip pin for fixing, and meanwhile, enabling the end of the anchor cable in the step (1) to penetrate through a circular hole in the other side of the short channel steel;
(4) mounting a base plate and a tray, applying prestress on the anchor cable by using a nut, fixing a circular connecting disc and short channel steel on a roadway top plate under the prestress of the anchor cable, and finishing mounting;
(5) a plurality of circular connecting discs are longitudinally arranged along the roadway according to the lithological property and geological conditions of the top plate of the roadway, the circular connecting discs are longitudinally connected, long-strip steel is respectively connected with longitudinal connecting channel steel of the circular connecting discs adjacent to the front and the back, a long-strip pin hole A and a long-strip pin hole B on the wing plate correspond to each other, and a long-strip pin is inserted for fixing;
(6) and repeating the steps (1) to (5) according to a certain row spacing to obtain multiple rows.
Preferably, in the step (5), the distance between two adjacent longitudinal circular connecting discs, namely the row spacing, is generally 2-3 m, and can be specifically selected according to the surrounding rock condition of a roadway or the stability of a top plate, and the method is selected according to the following principle:
stage I: the rock stratum is complete, the integrity coefficient is 0.95, the joint clearance is more than 3 meters, the bedding interval is more than 2 meters, and the row spacing is 5 meters;
and II, stage: the rock stratum is relatively complete, the integrity coefficient is 0.85, the joint clearance is 1-3 meters, the bedding interval is 1-2 meters, and the row spacing is 4 meters;
grade III: the integrity coefficient of the rock stratum is generally 0.75, the joint clearance is 0.4-1 m, the bedding interval is 0.3-1 m, the row spacing is 2-3 m, and a reinforcing mesh is hung to prevent broken stones from falling off.
IV stage: the rock stratum is broken, the integrity factor is 0.65, the joint clearance is 0.1-0.4 m, the bedding interval is 0.05-0.3 m, the row spacing is 1.5 m, and a reinforcing mesh is hung to prevent broken stones from falling off.
And V stage: the broken stone is broken, the integrity coefficient is 0.55, the joint clearance is less than 0.1 m, the bedding interval is less than 0.05 m, the row spacing is 1 m, and a reinforcing mesh is hung to prevent the broken stone from falling off.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the annular connecting disc is connected with the anchor cable into a whole in the transverse direction through the short channel steel and the long strip pin, and then is longitudinally connected, namely, the connected adjacent transverse structures are connected through the long channel steel and the long strip pin to form a cross-shaped structure, so that the cross-shaped structure is coordinated and deformed, the pressure of an overlying rock stratum is jointly borne, and the stability of a top plate of the roadway is obviously improved;
the connection mode of the invention is that the anchor cable and the anchor cable in the rock mass form a three-dimensional space together after the anchor cable is transversely and longitudinally arranged to form a supporting whole with strong deformation resistance; the anchor cables are driven into the stable rock stratum at the two sides and the center of the top plate, so that the overall strength is greatly improved.
According to the combined beam structure, the short channel steel and the annular connecting disc are connected through the long strip pin in the cross section direction of the roadway to form the combined beam structure, then the combined beam structure and surrounding rocks of a top plate of the roadway are integrated through the anchor rope, and finally the combined beam structure in the cross section direction of the roadway and a single-row integrated supporting structure formed by the anchor rope are connected through the long channel steel in the longitudinal direction of the roadway, so that the integrity is greatly improved, and the integral bearing effect of a plurality of single-row integrated supporting structures can be realized when the top plate is pressed;
in addition, webs of the long channel steel and the short channel steel are in contact with a top plate rock stratum, so that the stress area is increased; according to the invention, the central anchor cable is also arranged at the midpoint of the top plate, so that softer and weaker rocks of the roadway top plate can be suspended on the upper stable rock stratum, and the supporting effect is greatly improved.
The invention is not described in detail in the prior art.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention starts from the integral idea, the surrounding rock and the support of the roadway are regarded as an organic whole and are kept to be tightly attached to the top plate of the roadway, the self-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock and the bearing capacity of a support system are fully exerted, and when the surrounding rock and the support system are influenced by mining, the surrounding rock of the roadway is not broken and can play a good role in stabilizing.
(2) The invention has wide application, particularly in a deep roadway with weak surrounding rocks and poor stability, a central anchor cable can be driven into the center of the circular ring connecting disc to connect two or more stable rock strata in the surrounding rocks together (because the length of the driven rock mass is longer, the soft rock of the roadway roof is suspended on the two or more stable rock strata on the upper part), the bearing capacity can be greatly increased, the bending resistance of the roof rock stratum is increased, and the further stabilizing effect on the roof surrounding rocks is achieved.
(3) The invention can achieve the expected effect by using relatively less anchor cables, uses less parts and brings great convenience to underground installation operation, transportation and storage.
(4) The annular connecting disc and the channel steel beam can be recovered, the anchor cable can be recovered by an anchor withdrawing device, and the disassembling steps are as follows: firstly, the nuts of which two sides apply pretightening force to the anchor cable are unscrewed, the base plate and the tray are disassembled, and meanwhile, the strip pins at the connecting parts of the transverse and longitudinal components are pulled out, so that the disassembly is completed. The invention has high recovery rate, can be reused for many times, saves a large amount of economic cost, is easy and quick to mount and dismount, and can improve the tunneling operation efficiency.
In conclusion, the invention can quickly realize timely support in a mining roadway, has reasonable design, reliable longitudinal connection of a roof support structure and enhanced integrity of the support structure, and obviously improves the support quality of the roadway and the efficiency of tunneling operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an anchor cable and channel steel beam cross-connected combined integral roof supporting structure of the invention through a circular connecting disc;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a circular connecting disc;
FIG. 3(a) is a schematic view of the connection relationship between the circular ring-shaped connecting disc and the short channel steel;
FIG. 3(b) is a schematic view of the connection relationship between the circular connecting disc and the elongated steel;
FIG. 3(c) is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the circular connecting discs;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the support principle of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a joint of a connecting channel steel and a long channel steel of the circular connecting disc;
the anchor cable fixing device comprises a connecting disc, a connecting channel, a connecting pin, a connecting channel, a connecting plate and a tray, wherein the connecting disc is 1-circular, the connecting channel is 2-long channel steel, the connecting pin is 3-short channel steel, the connecting pin is 4-long, the connecting hole is 5-circular, the connecting pin hole is 6-long, the connecting channel steel is 7-8-prepared anchor cable hole, the connecting cable hole is 9-anchor cable, the connecting channel steel is 10-central anchor cable, and the tray is 11-tray.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, but not limited thereto, and the present invention is not described in detail and is in accordance with the conventional techniques in the art.
Example 1:
the utility model provides an anchor rope and channel steel roof beam are through whole roof supporting construction of ring shape connection pad cross connection combination, as shown in figure 1 ~ 5, including anchor rope, ring shape connection pad 1 and channel steel beam, ring shape connection pad 1 includes the ring structure at middle part and the peripheral external four sections channel-section steel 7 of connecting of ring structure, and ring structure and four sections channel-section steel 7 are structure as an organic whole, and ring shape connection pad 1 is and is
Molding;
the number of the circular connecting discs 1 is multiple, and the circular connecting discs 1 are longitudinally distributed along the length of the roadway;
the channel steel beam comprises a short channel steel 3 and a long channel steel 2, two connecting channel steels in the two transverse directions of each circular connecting disc 1 are respectively connected with one end of the short channel steel 3, and the other end of the short channel steel 3 is matched with an anchor cable 9 to be connected and driven into a rock body; the two longitudinal direction connecting channel steels of the circular ring-shaped connecting discs 1 are respectively connected with one end of the long channel steel 2, the other end of the long channel steel 2 is connected with the end part of one longitudinal connecting channel steel of the adjacent circular ring-shaped connecting discs 1, namely, the circular ring-shaped connecting discs are connected into a whole through the long channel steel 2.
Example 2:
a supporting structure of an integral top plate formed by connecting and combining an anchor cable and a channel steel beam in a cross mode through a circular connecting disc is characterized in that a connecting channel steel 7 and a short channel steel 3 and a connecting channel steel 7 and a long channel steel 2 are connected through pins, specifically, a long pin hole A6 is punched in each of two wing plates at the end part of the connecting channel steel 7, a long pin hole B is punched in each of two wing plates at one end of the short channel steel 3 and two wing plates at the two ends of the long channel steel 2, the size of each long pin hole B is the same as that of the long pin hole A6, the width W1 of a gap between the two wing plates of the connecting channel steel 7 is larger than the width W2 of a web plate of the short channel steel/the long channel steel (refer to the size of an enlarged cross section of figure 5), when the short channel steel/the long channel steel is connected, the long pin hole A of the connecting channel steel corresponds to the position of the long pin hole B of the short channel steel/the long channel steel after the connection, and inserted through a long pin 4.
Example 3:
the utility model provides an anchor rope and channel steel roof beam are through whole roof supporting construction of ring shape connection pad cross connection combination, as example 2 shows, the difference is that a circular port 5 has been punched on the one end web that short channel steel 3 and anchor rope cooperation are connected, and the anchor rope passes this circular port 5 and squeezes into inside the rock mass, and ring shape connection pad 1 cooperates with anchor rope 9 that exerts prestressing force through two short channel steels 3 promptly for it is fixed that ring shape connection pad hugs closely the rock wall.
Example 4:
a supporting structure of an integral top plate formed by connecting and combining an anchor rope and a channel steel beam in a cross mode through a circular ring-shaped connecting disc is characterized in that a central anchor rope 10 is driven into the center of a circular ring of the circular ring-shaped connecting disc 1 through a prepared anchor rope hole 8 (the prepared anchor rope hole is a hole in the center of the circular ring structure) and is matched with a tray 11 for further reinforcement, the tray 11 serves as an important part in a supporting system, and the performance of the tray directly influences the supporting effect. The tray is used for transmitting thrust generated by the nut locking torque to the top wall to generate initial anchoring force, and simultaneously transmitting pressure of the roadway top wall to the anchor rod (cable) to generate working resistance to jointly reinforce surrounding rocks and prevent displacement of the roadway top wall.
Example 5:
the anchor cable and channel steel beam cross connection combined integral roof supporting structure is characterized in that, as shown in embodiment 4, a central anchor cable 10 is installed in the vertical direction of a roadway roof, and anchor cables 9 connected with short channel steel on two sides are installed at an angle of 30-40 degrees deviated from the vertical direction, as shown in fig. 4.
Example 6:
the utility model provides an anchor rope and channel steel roof beam are through whole roof supporting construction of ring shape connection pad cross connection combination, as shown in embodiment 5, the difference is that a plurality of ring shape connection pads 1 of longitudinal distribution are connected as an organic whole through long channel-section steel 2, form one, and certain row spacing distributes along the tunnel cross section has the multiseriate, and the row spacing can be decided according to tunnel country rock condition, and the weak row spacing that can suitably shorten of country rock, and country rock intensity height can suitably increase the row spacing.
Example 7:
the utility model provides an anchor rope and channel steel roof beam cross connect the whole roof supporting construction of combination, as shown in example 6, the difference is that the ring structure of ring shape connection pad 1 is the miner's steel, and the miner's steel is used for colliery supporting steel structure, is used for the powerful support.
Example 8:
a supporting method of an integral top plate supporting structure formed by connecting and combining an anchor cable and a channel steel beam in a cross mode through a circular connecting disc comprises the following steps:
(1) drilling a drill hole on two sides of a top plate of the roadway, which is located on the same section, and respectively anchoring two anchor cables 9 in the two drill holes;
(2) jacking the circular connecting disc 1 to a roof of the attached roadway;
(3) connecting the connecting channel steels 7 on the two transverse sides of the circular connecting disc 1 with the short channel steel 3 in a manual operation mode, enabling the long strip pin hole A6 on the wing plate to correspond to the long strip pin hole B, inserting the long strip pin 4 for fixing, and meanwhile, enabling the end of the anchor cable 9 in the step (1) to penetrate through a circular hole in the other side of the short channel steel;
(4) mounting a base plate and a tray, applying prestress on the anchor cable by using a nut, fixing a circular connecting disc and short channel steel on a roadway top plate under the prestress of the anchor cable, and finishing mounting;
(5) a plurality of circular connecting discs 1 are longitudinally arranged along the roadway according to the lithological property and geological conditions of the top plate of the roadway, the circular connecting discs 1 are longitudinally connected, long channel steel 2 is respectively connected with longitudinal connecting channel steel of the circular connecting discs adjacent to the front and the back, a long pin hole A and a long pin hole B on the wing plate correspond to each other, and a long pin 4 is inserted for fixing;
(6) and repeating the steps (1) to (5) according to a certain row spacing to obtain multiple rows.
Example 9:
the invention relates to a supporting method of an integral top plate supporting structure formed by connecting and combining an anchor cable and a channel steel beam in a cross mode through circular ring-shaped connecting discs, as shown in an embodiment 8, the difference is that in the step (5), the distance between two adjacent vertical circular ring-shaped connecting discs 1, namely the row distance, is generally 2-3 meters, and the distance can be specifically selected according to the surrounding rock conditions of a roadway or the stability of a top plate, and the supporting method is selected according to the following principles:
stage I: the rock stratum is complete, the integrity coefficient is 0.95, the joint clearance is more than 3 meters, the bedding interval is more than 2 meters, and the row spacing is 5 meters;
and II, stage: the rock stratum is relatively complete, the integrity coefficient is 0.85, the joint clearance is 1-3 meters, the bedding interval is 1-2 meters, and the row spacing is 4 meters;
grade III: the integrity coefficient of the rock stratum is generally 0.75, the joint clearance is 0.4-1 m, the bedding interval is 0.3-1 m, the row spacing is 2-3 m, and a reinforcing mesh is hung to prevent broken stones from falling off.
IV stage: the rock stratum is broken, the integrity factor is 0.65, the joint clearance is 0.1-0.4 m, the bedding interval is 0.05-0.3 m, the row spacing is 1.5 m, and a reinforcing mesh is hung to prevent broken stones from falling off.
And V stage: the broken stone is broken, the integrity coefficient is 0.55, the joint clearance is less than 0.1 m, the bedding interval is less than 0.05 m, the row spacing is 1 m, and a reinforcing mesh is hung to prevent the broken stone from falling off.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. An anchor cable and a channel steel beam are connected in a cross mode through a circular ring-shaped connecting disc to form an integral roof supporting structure, and the integral roof supporting structure is characterized by comprising the anchor cable, the circular ring-shaped connecting disc and the channel steel beam, wherein the circular ring-shaped connecting disc comprises a circular ring structure in the middle and four sections of connecting channel steel externally connected to the periphery of the circular ring structure, and the circular ring structure and the four sections of connecting channel steel form an integral structure;
the number of the circular connecting discs is multiple, and the multiple circular connecting discs are longitudinally distributed along the length of the roadway;
the channel steel beam comprises a short channel steel and an elongated channel steel, the two connecting channel steels in the transverse directions of each circular connecting disc are respectively connected with one end of the short channel steel, and the other end of the short channel steel is matched with the anchor cable to be connected and driven into a rock body; the connecting channel steels in two longitudinal directions of the circular ring-shaped connecting discs are respectively connected with one end of the long channel steel, the other end of the long channel steel is connected with the end part of one longitudinal connecting channel steel of the adjacent circular ring-shaped connecting discs, and the circular ring-shaped connecting discs are connected into a whole through the long channel steel.
2. The anchor cable and channel steel beam combined integral roof supporting structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anchor cable and channel steel beam are connected in a cross-connection manner through a circular ring-shaped connecting disc, it is characterized in that the connecting channel steel and the short channel steel and the connecting channel steel and the long channel steel are connected through pins, in particular, a strip pin hole A is punched on the two wing plates at the end part of the connecting channel steel, a strip pin hole B is punched on one end of the short channel steel and the two wing plates at the two ends of the long channel steel, the size of the long pin hole B is the same as that of the long pin hole A, the width W1 of the gap between the two wing plates of the connecting channel steel is larger than the width W2 of the short channel steel/long channel steel web plate, when in connection, and after the short channel steel/long channel steel is connected, the long pin hole A of the connecting channel steel corresponds to the long pin hole B of the short channel steel/long channel steel in position and is inserted through a long pin.
3. The anchor cable and channel steel beam cross-connected combined integral roof support structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein a circular hole is punched on one end web plate of the short channel steel and the anchor cable, and the anchor cable penetrates through the circular hole and is driven into the rock body.
4. The anchor rope and channel steel beam combined integral roof supporting structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein the ring center of the ring-shaped connecting disc is provided with a central anchor rope through a prepared anchor rope hole, and the central anchor rope is matched with a tray for further reinforcement.
5. The anchor cable and channel steel beam cross-connected combined integral roof support structure of claim 4, wherein the central anchor cable is installed in a vertical direction of a roadway roof, and the anchor cables connected to the short channel steel at both sides are installed at an angle of 30-40 ° from the vertical direction.
6. The anchor cable and channel steel beam cross-connected combined integral roof support structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein the plurality of longitudinally distributed annular connecting discs are connected into an integral body by the elongated channel steel to form a row, and a plurality of rows are distributed along the cross section of the roadway at certain intervals.
7. The anchor cable and channel steel beam combined integral roof supporting structure as claimed in claim 6, wherein the ring structure of the ring-shaped connecting disc is made of miner steel.
8. A supporting method of an integral top plate supporting structure formed by connecting and combining an anchor cable and a channel steel beam in a cross mode through a circular ring-shaped connecting disc is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) drilling a drill hole on two sides of a top plate of the roadway, which is located on the same section, and respectively anchoring two anchor cables in the two drill holes;
(2) jacking the circular connecting disc to a roof of the attaching roadway;
(3) connecting the connecting channel steels on the two transverse sides of the circular connecting disc with the short channel steel in a manual operation mode, enabling a long strip pin hole A and a long strip pin hole B on the wing plate to correspond to each other, inserting a long strip pin for fixing, and meanwhile, enabling the end of the anchor cable in the step (1) to penetrate through a circular hole in the other side of the short channel steel;
(4) mounting a base plate and a tray, applying prestress on the anchor cable by using a nut, fixing a circular connecting disc and short channel steel on a roadway top plate under the prestress of the anchor cable, and finishing mounting;
(5) a plurality of circular connecting discs are longitudinally arranged along the roadway according to the lithological property and geological conditions of the top plate of the roadway, the circular connecting discs are longitudinally connected, long-strip steel is respectively connected with longitudinal connecting channel steel of the circular connecting discs adjacent to the front and the back, a long-strip pin hole A and a long-strip pin hole B on the wing plate correspond to each other, and a long-strip pin is inserted for fixing;
(6) and repeating the steps (1) to (5) according to a certain row spacing to obtain multiple rows.
9. The method for supporting the anchor cable and channel steel beam integrated roof supporting structure through the cross connection of the annular connecting discs, according to claim 8, wherein in the step (5), the distance between two adjacent longitudinal annular connecting discs, namely the row distance, is selected according to the following principle:
stage I: the rock stratum is complete, the integrity coefficient is 0.95, the joint clearance is more than 3 meters, the bedding interval is more than 2 meters, and the row spacing is 5 meters;
and II, stage: the rock stratum is relatively complete, the integrity coefficient is 0.85, the joint clearance is 1-3 meters, the bedding interval is 1-2 meters, and the row spacing is 4 meters;
grade III: the integrity coefficient of the rock stratum is generally 0.75, the joint clearance is 0.4-1 m, the bedding interval is 0.3-1 m, the row spacing is 2-3 m, and a reinforcing mesh is hung to prevent broken stones from falling off;
IV stage: the rock stratum is broken, the integrity coefficient is 0.65, the joint clearance is 0.1-0.4 m, the bedding interval is 0.05-0.3 m, the row spacing is 1.5 m, and a reinforcing mesh is hung to prevent broken stones from falling off;
and V stage: the broken stone is broken, the integrity coefficient is 0.55, the joint clearance is less than 0.1 m, the bedding interval is less than 0.05 m, the row spacing is 1 m, and a reinforcing mesh is hung to prevent the broken stone from falling off.
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