CN113338899A - Drainage and mining control method based on dynamic change rule of permeability of coal reservoir in drainage and mining process - Google Patents
Drainage and mining control method based on dynamic change rule of permeability of coal reservoir in drainage and mining process Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
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- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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Abstract
A drainage and mining control method based on a dynamic change rule of coal reservoir permeability in a drainage and mining process is characterized in that a reservoir pressure reduction speed trial interpretation analysis method is adopted, different bottom hole flowing pressure reduction speeds are designed, data in the drainage and mining process are collected, and the permeability of the coal reservoir in the drainage and mining process is inverted. And determining the optimal drainage and production control method of the coal-bed gas well by comparing and analyzing the damage degree of the permeability of the coal reservoir under different bottom hole flowing pressure depressurization rates. The method has the characteristics of less adopted parameters, simple and convenient operation, real and reliable data and contribution to quick field implementation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas drainage and production engineering, and particularly relates to a drainage and production control method based on a dynamic change rule of coal reservoir permeability in a drainage and production process.
Background
Compared with the conventional natural gas reservoir, the particularity of the coal bed gas reservoir is concentrated in a gas reservoir mechanism (mainly absorbing gas) and a gas reservoir development mechanism. Along with continuous drainage and depressurization, reservoir parameters such as permeability, reservoir pressure, gas content and the like in the coal seam show continuous dynamic changes, and great difficulty is brought to stable production of coal seam gas. Particularly, the permeability of a coal reservoir in the drainage and mining process is extremely sensitive and is comprehensively controlled by effective stress, coal matrix shrinkage effect and Kelinkeberg effect 3 geological effect, and the change rule is complex. At the initial stage of coal bed gas drainage and mining, the coal reservoir is only acted by an effective force, along with the continuous reduction of reservoir pressure, the effective stress borne by a coal matrix is gradually increased, the compression effect of the stress on pore space is enhanced, the reduction range of permeability is increased, and the damage of the effective stress to the permeability of the coal reservoir is irreversible. The positive effect influence of the matrix shrinkage and the Kllincoln Berger effect on the permeability is generated after desorption of a large amount of methane gas, namely the high-yield steady production period and the decay period of the drainage and production of the coal bed gas well. If the pressure-sensitive effect is caused by improper drainage and mining rate in the initial drainage and mining stage, irreversible damage is caused to the permeability of a reservoir, the coal matrix shrinkage and the Kelincolnberg effect lose the significance of the positive effect on the permeability, and the phenomena of short expansion of a pressure drop funnel, quick-sensitive effect, proppant inlaying of a coal bed, quick closing of cracks and the like are caused due to the high drainage and mining rate, so that the productivity of a coal bed gas well is low. The drainage and mining speed is slow, the economic cost of development is increased, and the arrival of the gas production peak of the coal bed gas is delayed. Through the development of nearly 10 years, the drainage and production system of the coal-bed gas well in China mainly forms a continuous, gradual change, stable and long-term drainage and production working principle. However, the existing drainage and mining management and control method still has the following problems:
firstly, the drainage and mining control method established based on simulation software historical inversion and capacity simulation needs to continuously adjust parameters in the simulation process so as to obtain the permeability after modification, the operation process is complex, the accuracy is difficult to guarantee, and the method is not beneficial to rapid implementation on site. Secondly, the coal bed gas drainage and extraction system established by the existing mathematical model has more parameters, and in the calculation process, the permeability of the adopted coal reservoir is not the permeability data after fracturing, so that the fitting result has a larger difference with the actual capacity.
In the existing patent document, for example, CN111027789A discloses a calculation method for quantitative optimization of a working system of a coal-bed gas well, which starts from a pressure propagation rule and a permeability dynamic change rule, and optimizes a drainage and production degree, but only in an actual drainage and production process, optimization of the drainage and production degree is performed on bottom hole flow pressure and permeability data which change in real time, and there are many parameters, and only reservoir permeability is collected, and an error from an actual operation is large.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, aiming at the problems of redundancy, difficult operation, more required parameters and inconvenience for quick field implementation of the existing drainage and mining control method, the invention adopts an oil reservoir pressure drop well testing analysis method, utilizes the data of the initial drainage and mining stage of the coal-bed gas well, and establishes a scientific, simple and convenient and strong-operability drainage and mining control method based on the dynamic change rule of the permeability of the coal reservoir in the drainage and mining process so as to provide a constructive suggestion for the efficient development of the coal-bed gas.
A drainage and mining control method based on dynamic change rules of coal reservoir permeability in a drainage and mining process comprises the following steps:
and 6, comprehensively analyzing the damage degree of the dynamic permeability of the coal reservoir under the conditions of different depressurization rates, and determining an optimal drainage control mode suitable for the coal-bed gas well.
Further, in step 3, the calculation step of the dynamic permeability of the coal reservoir is as follows:
first calculated as the bottom hole pressure differential Δ P at time twf(t)：
In the formula, pwf＝pwf(r, t) is the coal reservoir pressure at time t from the well r, MPa; p is a radical ofiThe original coal reservoir pressure is MPa; r iswIs the wellbore radius, m; t is the time from well opening, h; k is dynamic permeability of coal reservoir, mu m2(ii) a h is the thickness of the coal seam, m; μ is the fluid viscosity of water, mPa · s; q is the daily water yield, m3D; b is the volume coefficient of water, m3/m3The value is 1; phi is the porosity of the coal bed and decimal; ctIs the comprehensive compression coefficient of coal bed, MPa-1(ii) a S is the skin coefficient of the coal bed;
with Pwf(t) or Δ Pwf(t) is ordinate and lgt is abscissa, the pressure drop for this flow phase is linear, the slope of the straight line segment is:
and (3) solving the dynamic permeability of the coal reservoir according to the slope | m | of the straight line segment:
further, in step 4, the damage degree calculation formula is:
in the formula, K0The calculated permeability, mD, was calculated for day 1 from the start of drainage.
Further, in the step 5, the pressure reduction rate of different bottom hole flowing pressures is set to be 0.02MPa/d, 0.03MPa/d, 0.04MPa/d and 0.05 MPa/d.
Further, in step 6, when the stress sensitivity damage rate is not more than 5%, no stress damage is indicated, and when the stress sensitivity damage degree is not more than 30%, the damage degree is weaker; when the stress sensitivity damage degree does not exceed 30%, a discharge and production system with a large pressure reduction rate is preferred, and the reduction rate of the bottom hole flow pressure is controlled by adjusting the stroke and the frequency of stroke of the beam pumping unit; the larger the stroke and stroke times, the more water produced, the greater the rate of bottom hole flow pressure drop.
The invention achieves the following beneficial effects: the method has the characteristics of less adopted parameters, simple and convenient operation, real and reliable data and contribution to quick field implementation; the problems that parameters need to be adjusted continuously, the operation process is complex, and accuracy is difficult to guarantee in the current common discharging and mining management and control method are solved, and the method is more convenient to real-time compared with the traditional discharging and mining management and control method; the use parameters are few, meanwhile, permeability data under different bottom hole flowing pressure conditions are adopted in the parameters, then, the permeability in the drainage and mining process is reversely deduced, the final fitting result is in accordance with the actual productivity, and a constructive suggestion is provided for the efficient development of the coal bed gas.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a drainage management and control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph of pressure drop for a coal bed gas well in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a table showing evaluation indexes of stress-sensitive damage degrees in examples of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the drawings in the specification.
The invention adopts an oil reservoir pressure reduction speed trial analysis method, designs different bottom hole flowing pressure reduction speeds (0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05MPa/d), collects data in the drainage and production process and inverts the permeability of the coal reservoir in the drainage and production process. And determining the optimal drainage and production control method of the coal-bed gas well by comparing and analyzing the damage degree of the permeability of the coal reservoir under different bottom hole flowing pressure depressurization rates. The specific operation flow comprises the following 6 steps (fig. 1):
And 2, collecting the drainage and production data of the coal bed gas well, wherein the data comprises bottom hole flowing pressure, daily water yield and drainage and production time.
And 3, calculating the dynamic permeability of the coal reservoir in the 3d drainage and production process based on an oil reservoir pressure drop well testing analysis method.
In the formula, delta Pwf(t) is the bottom hole pressure differential at time t; p is a radical ofwf＝pwf(r, t) is the coal reservoir pressure at time t from the well r, MPa; p is a radical ofiThe original coal reservoir pressure is MPa; r iswIs the wellbore radius, m; t is the time from well opening, h; k is dynamic permeability of coal reservoir, mu m2(ii) a h is the thickness of the coal seam, m; μ is the fluid viscosity of water, mPa · s; q is the daily water production of the well, m3D; b is the volume coefficient of water, m3/m3The value of this embodiment is 1; phi is the porosity of the coal bed and decimal; ctIs the comprehensive compression coefficient of coal bed, MPa-1(ii) a And S is the skin coefficient of the coal bed.
Therefore, if P is usedwf(t) or Δ Pwf(t) is ordinate and lgt is abscissa, the pressure drop for this flow phase is linear (fig. 2), the slope of the straight line segment is:
and (3) obtaining the dynamic permeability of the coal reservoir according to the slope | m | of the straight line segment:
and 4, calculating the damage degree of the dynamic permeability of the coal reservoir in the drainage and mining process based on the permeability calculated by the formulas (1) to (3).
In the formula, K0The calculated permeability, mD, was calculated for day 1 from the start of drainage.
And 5, after maintaining the bottom hole flowing pressure depressurization rate of 0.01MPa/d for 3d, respectively setting the bottom hole flowing pressure depressurization rates to be 0.02MPa/d, 0.03MPa/d, 0.04MPa/d and 0.05MPa/d, wherein the maintenance time of each depressurization rate is 3d, and then sequentially repeating the steps (2) - (5).
And 6, comprehensively analyzing the damage degree of the dynamic permeability of the coal reservoir under different depressurization rates (0.01MPa/d, 0.02MPa/d, 0.03MPa/d, 0.04MPa/d and 0.05MPa/d), and determining the optimal drainage and production control method suitable for the coal-bed gas well.
According to the oil and gas industry standard SY/T5358-2010 (reservoir sensitivity flow experiment evaluation method) (figure 3) of the people's republic of China, when the stress sensitivity damage rate does not exceed 5 percent, no stress damage is shown, and when the stress sensitivity damage degree does not exceed 30 percent, the damage degree is weak. The production of the coal bed gas needs to go through drainage → pressure reduction → desorption → diffusion → seepage → production, the smaller the pressure drop rate is, the longer the drainage cycle time is, the longer the gas needs to go through, and the higher the coal bed gas exploitation cost is. In consideration of the development cost of the coal-bed gas well, a drainage system having a large depressurization rate is preferable when the degree of stress-sensitive damage does not exceed 30%. The descending speed of the bottom hole flow pressure is controlled by adjusting the stroke and the frequency of stroke of the beam pumping unit. The larger the stroke and stroke times, the more water produced, the greater the rate of bottom hole flow pressure drop.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art according to the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the present invention as set forth in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A drainage and mining control method based on dynamic change rules of coal reservoir permeability in a drainage and mining process is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, controlling the bottom hole flowing pressure decompression rate of an initial drainage and production stage to be 0.01MPa/d and the production time to be 3 d;
step 2, collecting the drainage and production data of the coal bed gas well, wherein the data comprises bottom hole flowing pressure, daily water yield and drainage and production time;
step 3, calculating the dynamic permeability of the coal reservoir in the 3d drainage and production process based on an oil reservoir pressure drop well testing analysis method;
step 4, calculating the damage degree of the dynamic permeability of the coal reservoir in the drainage and mining process according to the dynamic permeability of the coal reservoir obtained in the step 3;
step 5, after maintaining the bottom hole flowing pressure depressurization rate of 0.01MPa/d for 3d, starting to set different bottom hole flowing pressure depressurization rates, wherein the maintenance time of each depressurization rate is 3d, and then sequentially repeating the steps 2-5;
and 6, calculating the damage degree of the dynamic permeability of the coal reservoir under the conditions of different depressurization rates, and determining an optimal drainage control mode suitable for the coal-bed gas well according to the damage degree.
2. The drainage and mining control method based on the dynamic change rule of the permeability of the coal reservoir in the drainage and mining process according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step 3, the calculation steps of the dynamic permeability of the coal reservoir are as follows:
first calculated as the bottom hole pressure differential Δ P at time twf(t)：
In the formula, pwf＝pwf(r, t) is the coal reservoir pressure at time t from the well r, MPa; p is a radical ofiThe original coal reservoir pressure is MPa; r iswIs the wellbore radius, m; t is the time from well opening, h; k is dynamic permeability of coal reservoir, mu m2(ii) a h is the thickness of the coal seam, m; μ is the fluid viscosity of water, mPa · s; q is the daily water production of the well, m3D; b is the volume coefficient of water, m3/m3The value is 1; phi is the porosity of the coal bed and decimal; ctIs the comprehensive compression coefficient of coal bed, MPa-1(ii) a S is the skin coefficient of the coal bed;
with Pwf(t) or Δ Pwf(t) is ordinate and lgt is abscissa, the pressure drop for this flow phase is linear, the slope of the straight line segment is:
and (3) solving the dynamic permeability of the coal reservoir according to the slope | m | of the straight line segment:
3. the drainage and mining control method based on the dynamic change rule of the permeability of the coal reservoir in the drainage and mining process according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in step 4, the damage degree calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula, K0Calculated for day 1 from drainagePermeability, mD.
4. The drainage and mining control method based on the dynamic change rule of the permeability of the coal reservoir in the drainage and mining process according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step 5, the pressure reduction rate of different bottom hole flowing pressure is set to be 0.02MPa/d, 0.03MPa/d, 0.04MPa/d and 0.05 MPa/d.
5. The drainage and mining control method based on the dynamic change rule of the permeability of the coal reservoir in the drainage and mining process according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in step 6, when the stress sensitivity damage rate is not more than 5 percent, no stress damage is shown, and when the stress sensitivity damage degree is not more than 30 percent, the damage degree is weaker; when the stress sensitivity damage degree does not exceed 30%, a discharge and production system with a large pressure reduction rate is preferred, and the reduction rate of the bottom hole flow pressure is controlled by adjusting the stroke and the frequency of stroke of the beam pumping unit; the larger the stroke and stroke times, the more water produced, the greater the rate of bottom hole flow pressure drop.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115492562A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-12-20 | 山西焦煤集团有限责任公司 | Method for quantitatively optimizing hydraulic fracturing process of coal-bed gas well |
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| CN115492562A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-12-20 | 山西焦煤集团有限责任公司 | Method for quantitatively optimizing hydraulic fracturing process of coal-bed gas well |
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