CN113338654A

CN113338654A - Structure for reinforcing ancient tomb room and construction method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113338654A
Application number: CN202110645302.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋利民; 张小龙; 谷伟平
Original assignee: Guangzhou Luban Architectural Technology Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Luban Architectural Technology Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-09
Filing date: 2021-06-09
Publication date: 2021-09-03

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ancient tomb chamber protection, and particularly discloses a structure for reinforcing an ancient tomb chamber and a construction method thereof, wherein the structure comprises a plurality of arch supporting pieces which are arranged in the ancient tomb chamber and used for supporting an arch crown in the ancient tomb chamber, the bottom of each arch supporting piece is provided with a stand column used for supporting the arch supporting piece, a rubber pad is arranged between contact surfaces of the arch supporting pieces and the arch crown in the ancient tomb chamber, the bottom of each stand column is provided with a base plate used for protecting an indoor walkway of the ancient tomb, and a height adjusting assembly used for adjusting the height of the arch supporting pieces is arranged between each arch supporting piece and the stand column; the construction steps include dismantling the temporary supports, making the arch-shaped support members, erecting columns of the plank frame, and installing and adjusting the arch-shaped support members. Through the mode, the ancient coffin chamber can ensure the safety of permanent arrangement after the integral displacement of the ancient coffin chamber, and meanwhile, a space which is convenient for people to freely enter and exit is provided, so that the ancient coffin chamber is protected to the greatest extent.

Description

Structure for reinforcing ancient tomb room and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ancient tomb room protection, in particular to a structure for reinforcing an ancient tomb room and a construction method thereof.

Background

With the continuous development of cities, some old buildings need to be dismantled or shifted to facilitate the expansion of new roads, the construction of new buildings and the like. For valuable buildings such as historical relics, historic buildings and the like, in order to not destroy the original appearance of old buildings, the method of displacing the whole buildings to be outside the range of reconstruction and extension is generally adopted for treatment.

The ancient coffin chamber is discovered and wholly shifted through the rescue, the ancient coffin chamber and the peripheral soil body are disturbed, the stress state of the ancient coffin chamber is changed, the current situation investigation result is aimed at, the related requirements of cultural relic protection are considered at the same time, the protection is taken as the main point, the first rescue is carried out, the reasonable utilization and the management enhancement are carried out, the ancient coffin chamber is firstly reinforced, the safety of the cultural relic structure is ensured, and then the ancient coffin chamber is integrally repaired.

In many types of ancient coffin chambers, a typical brick chamber coffin is constructed by digging a pit from the ground downwards, making a hole transversely at the bottom of the pit, building the coffin chamber in the transverse hole, and placing the coffin in the coffin. Some brick chamber graves are built with slope grave paths, and some brick chambers are built at the bottom of the vertical cave, so that the graves of the brick chamber graves can be developed into quite complicated forms due to the fact that transverse caves are not opened any more and brick laying methods are used. The ancient graves have two structural forms, one is built by large-scale hollow bricks, the other is built by small-scale rectangular bricks, and the ancient graves generally comprise a grave door, a rain channel, a grave room and the like. The building of the brick house grave is characterized in that no bonding material is used between bricks, and an irregular, stable and huge underground building space is built completely depending on the acting force of the building structure.

Since the brick cemetery is built by bricks, the roof structure in the brick cemetery is usually an arch structure to bear the stress generated above the brick cemetery. At present, the related art for reinforcing a brick house tomb in the market is still in a blank stage, and in order to ensure the safety of the permanent installation of the brick house tomb and provide an accessible space inside the brick house tomb, a reinforcing structure and a corresponding construction method which can replace a temporary support structure before the displacement of the brick house tomb and can be permanently reserved are required to be designed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the technical defects, the invention provides a structure for reinforcing a ancient coffin chamber and a construction method thereof, which can ensure the safety of permanent arrangement of the ancient coffin chamber after the integral displacement, provide a space convenient for people to freely enter and exit and protect the ancient coffin chamber to the greatest extent.

In order to solve the problems, the invention is realized according to the following technical scheme:

the invention relates to a structure for reinforcing an ancient tomb chamber, which comprises a plurality of arch-shaped supporting pieces which are arranged in the ancient tomb chamber and used for supporting an arch crown in the ancient tomb chamber, wherein the bottom of each arch-shaped supporting piece is provided with a stand column used for supporting the arch-shaped supporting piece, a rubber pad is arranged between the arch-shaped supporting piece and the contact surface of the arch crown in the ancient tomb chamber, the bottom of each stand column is provided with a base plate used for protecting an indoor walkway of the ancient tomb, and a height adjusting assembly used for adjusting the height of the arch-shaped supporting piece is arranged between the arch-shaped supporting piece and the stand column.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the height adjusting assembly comprises a split bolt and a steel cushion block, the split bolt is in threaded connection with the bottom of the arch-shaped support piece and the top of the upright post, and the steel cushion block is installed in a gap between the arch-shaped support piece and the upright post.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the arched support piece and the upright post are respectively provided with a connecting plate, and two ends of the split bolt respectively penetrate through the arched support piece and the connecting plate arranged on the upright post so as to connect the arched support piece and the upright post.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the arch-shaped supporting piece, the upright post and the base plate are all made of H-shaped steel.

As the further improvement of the scheme, two ends of the bottom of each arch-shaped support piece are respectively provided with a stand column, and a first cross beam used for enhancing the stability is arranged between the two stand columns.

As a further improvement of the scheme, a second cross beam for enhancing the stability is arranged between the two arch-shaped supporting pieces.

According to another aspect of the invention, the invention also provides a construction method for reinforcing the ancient coffin chamber, which comprises the following steps:

s1, surveying the overall displacement condition of the ancient tomb chamber, defining the position to be reinforced in the ancient tomb chamber, and dismantling the temporary support structure in the ancient tomb chamber from inside to outside in sections;

s2, carrying out curve fitting and marking on the vault at each position needing to be reinforced in the ancient tomb room by using a corresponding tool, and manufacturing an arch support according to the result of the curve fitting;

s3, laying a cushion plate as a foundation along the arrangement direction of the arch-shaped supporting pieces, erecting an upright post by taking the cushion plate as the foundation, and additionally arranging a first cross beam according to the erection position of the upright post;

s4, connecting the manufactured arch support piece with the upright post by using a split bolt, and paving a rubber pad between the arch support piece and the indoor vault of the historic tomb;

s5, adjusting the split bolt to make the arch support member tightly prop against the arch crown in the ancient tomb chamber, and embedding a steel cushion block in the gap between the arch support member and the upright post.

In a further improvement of this embodiment, the number of segments and the segment distance for the segment removal in step S1 are respectively equal to the number of trusses and the pitch of the arched support members to be erected.

As a further improvement of the scheme, in step S2, an electronic level gauge is combined with an O-shaped aluminum plate to perform curve fitting on the vault of each position needing to be reinforced in the ancient tomb room.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention relates to a structure for reinforcing an ancient tomb chamber and a construction method thereof, wherein an arch support piece, a stand column and a base plate have simple structures, are easy to manufacture and process, have low production cost, are simple and convenient to install, improve the installation efficiency and shorten the construction period, a height adjusting component is arranged between the arch support piece and the stand column to ensure that the arch support piece is tightly propped against an indoor vault of the ancient tomb to achieve the effect of tight support, a rubber pad is arranged between the arch support piece and the indoor vault of the ancient tomb to protect the indoor vault of the ancient tomb and increase the tightness of the support of the arch support piece at the same time, the safety of permanent arrangement after the whole displacement of the ancient tomb chamber can be ensured, meanwhile, a space which is convenient for people to freely pass in and out is provided, the authenticity and integrity of cultural relics are furthest preserved, the protection effect is better, and the blank of the technical field of supporting and reinforcing the ancient tomb chamber is effectively filled, has good application value.

Drawings

Embodiments of the invention are described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating an overall structure of a structure for reinforcing an ancient coffin chamber and a construction method thereof according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at B;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at C;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an arch support and its connection structure in a structure for reinforcing an ancient coffin chamber according to the present invention;

in the figure: 1. an arch support; 2. a column; 3. a rubber pad; 4. a base plate; 5. a height adjustment assembly; 51. oppositely pulling the bolts; 52. a steel cushion block; 6. a connecting plate; 7. a first cross member; 8. a second cross member; 9. and (7) mounting the plate.

Detailed Description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.

Before the brick-room tomb is integrally shifted, a temporary supporting structure is built in the brick-room tomb for protecting the brick-room tomb from being damaged, the temporary supporting structure is a steel pipe scaffold structure and supports the top and the side faces inside the brick-room tomb, but the temporary supporting structure is dense, so that tourists can enter the brick-room tomb to visit after the brick-room tomb is integrally shifted, the temporary supporting structure needs to be detached and replaced to support and reinforce the brick-room tomb, and the follow-up tourists can conveniently enter the brick-room tomb to visit and investigate. The inner side wall of the integrally displaced brick house grave is relatively stable, so that the arched top surface in the brick house grave is mainly supported and reinforced.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the structure for reinforcing an ancient tomb chamber according to the present invention includes a plurality of arch supports 1 installed in the ancient tomb chamber for supporting an arch of the ancient tomb chamber, the size of the arch of each position in the ancient tomb chamber is different, and the arch supports 1 are made in different sizes so that the arch supports 1 can be attached to the arch of each position. Specifically, the arch-shaped supporting member 1, the upright post 2 and the backing plate 4 are all made of H-shaped steel. The H-shaped steel is an economic section efficient section with more optimized section area distribution and more reasonable strength-to-weight ratio, and is named because the section is the same as the English letter H. Because each part of the H-shaped steel is arranged at a right angle, the H-shaped steel has the advantages of strong bending resistance, simple construction, cost saving, light structure weight and the like in each direction. In the present embodiment, the dimensions of the H-section steel used for the arched supporting members 1, the columns 2, and the backing plates 4 are all 100 × 100mm (height x width), and the strength rating is Q235.

The upright post 2 used for supporting the arched support members 1 is installed at the bottom of each arched support member 1, the end portions, close to each other, of the arched support members 1 and the upright posts 2 are respectively provided with a connecting plate 6, the connecting plates 6 are fixedly connected with the arched support members 1 or the upright posts 2 in a welding mode, the welding connection mode is simple and convenient, the connection strength is high, the connecting plates 6 are rectangular thin plates, the specific specification size is 100x100x20mm (long x wide x thick), through holes which are symmetrical in pairs are formed in the connecting plates 6, the distance between the left through hole and the right through hole or the distance between the left through hole and the front through hole and the distance between the right through hole and the front through hole are 50mm, the through holes are symmetrical about the central line of the connecting plates 6, the through holes can be penetrated by counter bolts 51, the diameter of the through holes is phi 16.5, and the two ends of the counter bolts 51 respectively penetrate through the arched support members 1 and the connecting plates 6 installed on the upright posts 2 so that the arched support members 1 and the upright posts 2 are connected.

A rubber pad 3 is arranged between the contact surface of the arch support 1 and the indoor vault of the historic tomb, and the rubber pad 3 has excellent elasticity, so that the contact tightness between the arch support 1 and the indoor vault of the historic tomb can be enhanced, and the support of the arch support 1 is more uniform; the hardness of rubber pad 3 is lower, can not cause the harm to the indoor top of ancient tomb, has protected ancient tomb room and arch support piece 1 well when supporting the reinforcement. In the present embodiment, the rubber pad 3 has a size of 150 × 20mm (width x thickness).

The bottom of the upright post 2 is provided with a backing plate 4 for protecting the indoor walkway of the ancient tomb, the upright post 2 bears the stress of the arch-shaped supporting piece 1 and the indoor vault of the ancient tomb, the stress borne by the upright post 2 is further transmitted to the indoor ground of the ancient tomb, the upright post 2 is made of H-shaped steel, the contact area between the bottom end and the indoor ground of the ancient tomb is small, and the indoor ground of the ancient tomb can be damaged due to stress concentration, therefore, the backing plate 4 is arranged between the contact surfaces of the upright post 2 and the ground, the backing plate 4 and the upright post 2 are fixedly connected in a welding way, a welding method of spot welding can be adopted during welding, an overlong welding seam is not needed, the contact surface between the backing plate 4 and the indoor ground of the ancient tomb is far larger than the contact surface between the upright post 2 and the indoor ground of the ancient tomb, therefore, the backing plate 4 can disperse the stress at the bottom end of the upright post 2 and transmit the indoor ground of the ancient tomb to protect the ground, the backing plate 4, the length is set according to the span of the upright post 2, when a plurality of upright posts 2 need to be supported at intervals on the arch crown in the same area of the ancient tomb room, a base plate 4 can be arranged at the bottoms of the upright posts 2 which are distributed at intervals to simultaneously support the upright posts 2; the upright posts 2 supported on the arch tops of different areas in the historic tomb chamber are respectively provided with a base plate 4 under the upright posts 2 and are not connected. Further, because of backing plate 4 makes for H shaped steel, intensity is great and coefficient of friction is lower, therefore lays the cushion at backing plate 4 and the indoor ground spare of ancient tomb, firstly can protect the indoor ground of ancient tomb by backing plate 4 scraping, secondly can strengthen the frictional force of backing plate 4 and the indoor ground of ancient tomb, prevents that backing plate 4 from skidding on the indoor ground of ancient tomb. When the backing plate 4 is prefabricated, the rubber mat can be glued to the bottom of the backing plate 4 in advance, so that the installation is more convenient.

Install between arch support piece 1 and the stand 2 and be used for adjusting the altitude mixture control subassembly 5 of arch support piece 1 height, altitude mixture control subassembly 5's effect is used for connecting arch support piece 1 and stand 2 on one hand, and on the other hand is used for making arch support piece 1 top tight ancient tomb indoor top through altitude mixture control after arch support piece 1 is connected with stand 2, plays the effect of closely supporting.

The height adjusting assembly 5 comprises a split bolt 51 and a steel cushion block 52, the split bolt 51 is connected with the bottom of the arched support 1 and the top of the upright post 2 in a threaded manner, and the steel cushion block 52 is installed at the gap between the arched support 1 and the upright post 2. The split bolt 51 is a stud bolt, in this embodiment, the specification size of the split bolt 51 is M16, so that the height positions of the two ends of the split bolt 51 can be adjusted respectively, the adjustment is performed by matching nuts, the operation is flexible and convenient, the stud bolt penetrates through the connecting plates 6 on the arch-shaped supporting piece 1 and the upright post 2, the nuts are correspondingly connected at the upper end and the lower end of each connecting plate 6, and the distance between the arch-shaped supporting piece 1 and the upright post 2 is indirectly adjusted by adjusting the positions of the nuts on the stud bolt. After the position of the arch support 1 is adjusted, a steel cushion block 52 is embedded between the arch support 1 and the upright post 2, the steel cushion block 52 is a thin plate with a specification thickness, and the specification size of the steel cushion block 52 is 100x70x20mm (length x width x thickness). A plurality of steel backing plates 4 are embedded in a stacked manner to tightly press against the connecting plate 6 on the arch-shaped support 1, and the prestress can be increased. The steel cushion block 52 is fixedly connected with the nut in a welding mode after being embedded, and the nut is prevented from loosening in the subsequent use process.

The stand 2 is installed respectively at each arch support piece 1 bottom both ends, installs the first crossbeam 7 that is used for strengthening stability between the coexistence post 2 of same arch support piece 1, and the vault structure in some regions is relatively stable in ancient tomb indoor, installs arch support piece 1 back for the convenience of pedestrian's visit, can not install first crossbeam 7 between coexistence post 2. In the embodiment, the first beam 7 is made of 10# channel steel, and the first beam 7 is fixedly connected with the upright 2 or the cushion plate 4 below the upright 2 by a welding connection mode.

At the longer vault position department of same region in ancient tomb indoor (ancient tomb room antechamber in this embodiment), install arch support piece 1 respectively at vault length direction's both ends and support, partly do not install arch support piece 1 between two arch support piece 1, at this moment, install between two arch support piece 1 and many with the second crossbeam 8 that is used for strengthening stability, second crossbeam 8 is through two arch support piece 1 of welded connected mode fixed connection, second crossbeam 8 distributes around the equal arc length of arch support piece 1's arc length, in order to form stable support system, in this embodiment, second crossbeam 8 also uses 10# channel-section steel to make. In addition, a plurality of arch support pieces 1 are installed at the longer vault position (the back room of the ancient tomb room in the embodiment) of the same region in the ancient tomb room at intervals, at this moment, a second cross beam 8 does not need to be installed on the two arch support pieces 1, channel steel is directly connected at the middle height position of the two spaced upright posts 2 to strengthen the supporting stability, the channel steel is not connected with the upright posts 2 in a welding mode, the channel steel is fixedly connected on the two upright posts 2 by adopting a method of screwing bolts by using a mounting plate 9, and the mounting plate 9 is a thin plate with a T-shaped cross section.

Furthermore, in order to increase the safety of the arch-shaped support piece 1, the upright post 2, the base plate 4, the first beam 7 and the second beam 8, the exterior of each part is coated with fireproof paint, the fireproof paint is made of ultrathin steel structure fireproof paint with the thickness of 2mm, the fire resistance limit reaches 2 hours, and the coating is carried out for three times. And then, coating anti-rust paint on the exterior of each part to prevent the parts from being corroded and damaged.

The embodiment provides a construction method for reinforcing an ancient coffin chamber, which comprises the following steps:

in this embodiment, the interior of the ancient cemetery is composed of an anterior chamber, a posterior chamber, an ear chamber, a passageway, a first channel and a second channel, the ear chamber is distributed at two ends of the anterior chamber, and the first channels are sequentially arranged in the ancient cemetery from the direction close to the outlet to the direction far away from the outlet. A second channel, a front chamber, a passageway and a rear chamber. The device comprises a first channel, a second channel, an ear chamber and a passage, wherein the first channel, the second channel, the ear chamber and the passage are respectively provided with an arch support member 1 for supporting and reinforcing, the arch tops of a front chamber and a rear chamber are respectively provided with more than two arch support members 1 for supporting and reinforcing, the axes of the arch tops of the front chamber and the rear chamber are mutually vertical, the axis of the arch top of the front chamber is mutually parallel to the axes of the arch tops of the passage, the first channel and the second channel, and the axis of the arch top of the ear chamber is mutually parallel to the front chamber.

Before the temporary support in the ancient tomb chamber is dismantled, soil bodies on the side of the graveyard need to be tamped, the dismantling of the temporary support in the ancient tomb chamber is started from a rear chamber, and the number and the distance of the segments during the segment dismantling are respectively consistent with the number and the distance of the trusses for erecting the arch-shaped support members 1.

S2, carrying out curve fitting and marking on the vault at each position needing to be reinforced in the ancient tomb room by using a corresponding tool, and manufacturing an arch support 1 according to the result of curve fitting;

and (3) carrying out curve fitting on all vaults needing to be reinforced in the ancient tomb chamber by using an electronic level meter in combination with an O-state aluminum plate. Wherein, the O-state aluminum plate is 3-5mm thick, has better plasticity, and can be bent adaptively according to the shape of the indoor vault of the ancient tomb to manufacture the template. And marking the O-state aluminum plate curve at each position in a numbering mode after fitting so as to conveniently manufacture the arch-shaped supporting piece 1 at the corresponding position according to the fitting curve. The curve fitting should guarantee the precision, and it is related to whether arch support piece 1 can accurately laminate with the indoor vault of ancient tomb, if there is the deviation, when embedding steel cushion 52 and applying prestressing force on arch support piece 1, local stress concentration can lead to the indoor secondary damage of ancient tomb.

S3, laying a backing plate 4 as a foundation along the arrangement direction of the arch-shaped supporting pieces 1, erecting the upright post 2 by taking the backing plate 4 as the foundation, and additionally arranging a first cross beam 7 according to the erection position of the upright post 2;

the backing plate 4 and the upright post 2 need to be tightly attached to the inner side wall of the ancient tomb room when being arranged so as to form a certain protection effect on the inner side wall of the ancient tomb room. The upright post 2 is installed at a middle position in the length direction of the backing plate 4.

S4, connecting the manufactured arch support 1 with the upright post 2 by using a split bolt 51, and paving a rubber pad 3 between the arch support 1 and the indoor vault of the historic tomb;

in order to facilitate the installation, paste rubber pad 3 on arch support 1's top face in advance, like this, arch support 1 only need with stand 2 be connected can, promote the installation effectiveness.

S5, adjusting the split bolt 51 to make the arch support 1 tightly prop the indoor vault of the ancient tomb, and embedding the steel pad 52 in the gap between the arch support 1 and the upright post 2.

When the embedded steel cushion block 52 applies prestress, corresponding monitoring measures are taken to ensure that the prestress is applied to fit the arch and the fastening of the ancient tomb indoor arch.

The temporary support replacement step in the ancient tomb chamber is as follows: after the temporary support at the entrance of the ancient coffin chamber is firstly removed by 1-1.5m, the support is replaced in the area where the temporary support is removed, and the like, and the support is replaced in the back chamber, the aisle, the front chamber, the ear chamber, the second channel and the first channel in the ancient coffin chamber in sequence.

It should be understood that the specific data described herein are suggested values, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and may be adjusted according to the actual situation, and the selected material parameters should meet the requirements of strength, bearing capacity, etc.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, so that any modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a structure of consolidating ancient tomb room which characterized in that: including installing in the indoor a plurality of arch support piece that is used for supporting the indoor vault of ancient tomb, each arch support piece bottom all installs and is used for supporting arch support piece's stand, install the rubber pad between the contact surface of the indoor vault of arch support piece and ancient tomb, the backing plate that is used for protecting the indoor walkways of ancient tomb is installed to the stand bottom, arch support piece with install between the stand and be used for adjusting the altitude mixture control subassembly of arch support piece height.

2. A structure for reinforcing an ancient coffin chamber as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the height adjusting assembly comprises a split bolt and a steel cushion block, the split bolt is connected to the bottom of the arch-shaped supporting piece and the top of the upright post in a threaded mode, and the steel cushion block is installed in a gap between the arch-shaped supporting piece and the upright post.

3. A structure for reinforcing an ancient coffin chamber as claimed in claim 2, wherein: connecting plates are respectively arranged on the arch support piece and the upright post, and two ends of the split bolt respectively penetrate through the connecting plates arranged on the arch support piece and the upright post so as to connect the arch support piece and the upright post.

4. A structure for reinforcing an ancient coffin chamber as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the arch-shaped supporting piece, the upright post and the base plate are all made of H-shaped steel.

5. A structure for reinforcing an ancient coffin chamber as claimed in claim 1, wherein: each arch support piece bottom both ends are installed the stand respectively, two install the first crossbeam that is used for strengthening stability between the stand.

6. A structure for reinforcing an ancient coffin chamber as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a second cross beam for enhancing the stability is arranged between the two arch-shaped supporting pieces.

7. A construction method for reinforcing an ancient coffin chamber is characterized by comprising the following steps:

8. The construction method for reinforcing an ancient tomb room as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the number of segments and the segment distance for segment removal in step S1 are equal to the number of trusses and the pitch of arch supports to be erected, respectively.

9. The construction method for reinforcing an ancient tomb room as claimed in claim 7, wherein: and in step S2, an electronic level gauge is combined with an O-state aluminum plate to perform curve fitting on the vault at each position needing to be reinforced in the historic tomb chamber.