CN113006270B - Construction method of overhanging balcony - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a construction method of a cantilever balcony, which comprises the steps of S1, additionally arranging a bottom plate; s1-1, constructing an anti-overturning structure, namely, penetrating a plurality of anchoring rods on a ring beam and an inner beam, wherein the plurality of anchoring rods are distributed in parallel to the length direction of the inner beam, one end of each anchoring rod is provided with a locking piece for restraining the anchoring rod to move away from the inner beam, and the other end, opposite to the anchoring rod, of each anchoring rod is arranged in a cantilever manner; s1-2, installing a switching block, sleeving the switching block on the anchoring rod, and connecting the switching block with one side of the ring beam, which is far away from the inner beam; s1-3, pouring a bottom plate, fixedly connecting distributed steel bars on the anchoring rods, and then pouring concrete to form the bottom plate; and S2, applying prestress, tensioning the anchor rods positioned at the two ends of the bottom plate in the length direction, and then fixedly connecting the tensioned anchor rods to the inner beam. This application has the balcony structure that reduces to install additional and encroaches on below floor area's effect.

Description

Construction method of overhanging balcony

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a construction method for an overhanging balcony.

Background

At present, along with social development, people also have higher and higher requirements on the living comfort level of buildings, especially old rural self-built houses, and more owners adopt floors with two floors and above to install balconies additionally so as to improve the use function and the use comfort level of the additionally installed floors.

Referring to fig. 1, the existing added balcony structure generally comprises a balcony body 4 and a supporting column 5 arranged at the bottom of the balcony body 4 for supporting, wherein the balcony body comprises a bottom plate 6 and an additional facility for preventing falling, and the bottom plate 6 is fixedly connected with a ring beam 2 of a building and a floor slab 1 by means of planting bars. The support column 5 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of one side of the bottom of the balcony body 4, which is away from the building, and one end of the support column 5, which is away from the balcony body 4, is fixedly connected with a support foundation embedded in the soil layer.

With respect to the related art in the above, the inventors consider that: the support column of balcony will encroach on the road of balcony below, especially when the building installs balcony side additional and is the road, the support column will reduce road width and even directly influence the normal use of road.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to reduce the invasion of the balcony to the floor area below the balcony, the application provides a construction method of a cantilever balcony.

The application provides a construction method of overhanging balcony adopts following technical scheme:

a construction method of a cantilever balcony comprises the steps of S1, additionally arranging a bottom plate; s1-1, constructing an anti-overturning structure, namely, penetrating a plurality of anchoring rods on a ring beam and an inner beam, wherein the plurality of anchoring rods are distributed in parallel to the length direction of the inner beam, one end of each anchoring rod is provided with a locking piece for restraining the anchoring rod to move away from the inner beam, and the other end, opposite to the anchoring rod, of each anchoring rod is arranged in a cantilever manner; s1-2, installing a switching block, sleeving the switching block on the anchoring rod, and connecting the switching block with one side of the ring beam, which is far away from the inner beam; s1-3, pouring a bottom plate, fixedly connecting distributed steel bars on the anchoring rods, and then pouring concrete to form the bottom plate; and S2, applying prestress, tensioning the anchor rods positioned at the two ends of the bottom plate in the length direction, and then fixedly connecting the tensioned anchor rods to the inner beam.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the anchor pole of antidumping structure is on for circle roof beam and inside roof beam as main load transmission structure, the overturning load transmission that bears the bottom plate to the support column structure of bottom plate bottom has been reduced, the probability of encroaching on balcony below floor area is reduced. Simultaneously, the bottom plate is connected with the ring beam through the switching piece in an offsetting manner, the fixed connection with the ring beam is formed when concrete is poured on the bottom plate, and the switching piece can also play a role in increasing the contact area with the ring beam. Prestress is applied to the anchoring rods, so that the connection performance between the bottom plate and the inner beam can be improved, and the connection stability of the overhanging balcony is improved.

Optionally, in S1-3, the concrete is light concrete prepared from light tuff or ceramsite.

By adopting the technical scheme, the light tuff or ceramsite is adopted as the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate, the water and the cement to be configured to form the light concrete, so that the weight of the hardened bottom plate is lighter than that of the concrete configured by the rock block, the load of the anchor rod is reduced, and the ultimate tensile strength of the bottom plate concrete can be improved.

Optionally, in S1-2, the outer side wall of the anchor rod between the inner beam and the ring beam is coated with corrosion-resistant paint.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, corrosion resistant coating can reduce the probability that the anchor rod is located to take place the corrosion between inside roof beam and the circle roof beam, improves the life of anchor rod to the structural safety performance of guarantee bottom plate.

Optionally, in S1-2, the transfer block is pre-drilled with additional holes, the reinforced holes are drilled along the axial direction of the additional holes toward the extending direction of the floor slab, additional ribs are inserted into the reinforced holes and the additional holes, and additional nuts for locking the transfer block are screwed on the additional ribs.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the switching piece offsets with the circle roof beam, along the axial in additional hole, set up the bar planting hole on the circle roof beam to adopt the mode of chemistry bar planting to plant the additional muscle in bar planting hole and additional hole, improve the connection performance between switching piece and the circle roof beam.

Optionally, in S2, a plurality of reaction rods are installed between the ring beam and the inner beam.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through the additional stock of stretch-draw will produce the prestressing force that is close to in opposite directions through the elastic deformation of self between to bottom plate and the inside roof beam, the prestressing force that the bottom plate bore will transmit for the collar tie beam, the collar tie beam can be regarded as to the reaction rod to will transmit the horizontal load to collar tie beam and inside roof beam through the reaction rod, and make collar tie beam and inside roof beam form wholly through the reaction rod, improve the stable in structure performance of collar tie beam and inside roof beam.

Optionally, the reaction rod includes a first rod and a second rod, one end of the first rod abuts against one side of the ring beam close to the inner beam, and the first rod is fixedly connected with the ring beam; one end of the second rod piece is sleeved at one end of the first rod piece, which is far away from the ring beam, the other end, which is opposite to the second rod piece, is abutted against and fixedly connected with one side, which is close to the ring beam, of the inner beam, and the first rod piece and the second rod piece are in coaxial threaded fit.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, rotate through making the relative first member of second member, the length size of extension or shortening the counter-force pole to improve the adaptability to length size between different girds and the inside roof beam, simultaneously, through the extension of counter-force pole, make first member and second member carry on the back both ends mutually respectively the butt on inside roof beam and gird both sides in opposite directions, can improve the load transmission performance of counter-force pole.

Optionally, step S3 is further included, in which the shielding component is installed; and a plurality of baffles used for shielding the anchoring rods and the reaction rods are connected between the ring beam and the inner beam, and one side of each baffle, which is close to the floor slab, is connected to the reaction rod through a fastening piece.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, shelter from the shielding plate of subassembly and can shield the anchor rod between inside roof beam and the collar tie beam, improve interior decoration effect.

Optionally, the fastening piece is annular, the fastening piece has elasticity, and a through hole for the reaction rod to pass through and enter the fastening piece is formed in one side of the fastening piece, which is far away from the baffle plate.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, make the through-hole vertical alignment reaction rod of fastener, through vertical removal baffle for in the reaction rod passed the fastener and enters into the fastener, thereby realize the quick assembly disassembly of baffle.

Optionally, an embedding groove for a human finger to extend into is formed in the lower surface of the baffle, and a force application groove is formed in one side of the groove wall of the embedding groove.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, on-the-spot personnel's finger passes the caulking groove and stretches into to the application of force inslot to on-the-spot personnel gripping baffle, and be convenient for on-the-spot personnel to apply vertical load to the baffle, make things convenient for the installation and the dismantlement of baffle.

Optionally, the locking piece comprises a locking nut coaxially screwed on the anchoring rod and a backing plate abutted between the locking nut and the ring beam, and the locking nut is positioned on one side of the inner beam, which faces away from the ring beam.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the bottom plate is fixed in on the inside roof beam through the lock nut of locking piece, dismantles screw nut and backing plate for the anchor rod can be taken out from the building, thereby makes the balcony of encorbelmenting separate from the building, so that change, recycle of the balcony of encorbelmenting.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the load born by the bottom plate is transferred to the inner beam relatively positioned in the middle of the building through the anchoring rods, and meanwhile, the anchoring rods positioned at the two ends of the bottom plate in the length direction are tensioned to generate prestress, so that the connection stability of the bottom plate is improved, and the supporting column structure below the bottom plate is reduced, thereby reducing the encroachment of the additionally-installed balcony structure on the ground area below a balcony;

2. the shielding plate of the shielding assembly can shield the anchoring rod between the inner beam and the ring beam, so that the indoor decoration effect is improved;

3. through dismantling screw nut and backing plate for the anchor rod can be taken out from the building, thereby makes the balcony of encorbelmenting separate from the building on, so that change, recycle of the balcony of encorbelmenting.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a balcony structure in the related art.

Fig. 2 is a schematic overall structure diagram after the bottom plate is poured according to the embodiment of the application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line a-a in fig. 2.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a working condition structure of the shielding assembly after the shielding assembly is installed in the embodiment of the application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a shielding plate according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view at B-B in fig. 5.

Description of the reference numerals: 1. a floor slab; 2. a ring beam; 3. an inner beam; 4. a balcony body; 5. a support pillar; 6. a base plate; 7. an anchoring rod; 8. inserting holes; 9. a locking member; 10. cushion blocks; 11. a locking nut; 12. an additional aperture; 13. a transfer block; 14. a mating hole; 15. planting tendon holes; 16. an additional nut; 17. a reaction rod; 18. a first bar member; 19. a second bar member; 20. a threaded hole; 21. a baffle plate; 22. a side plate; 23. a sealing strip; 24. a fastener; 25. a through port; 26. caulking grooves; 27. a force application groove; 28. and adding ribs.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-6.

The building related to the application is an independent self-building house which has two layers. Referring to fig. 2, the thickness of the second floor 1 is 0.1m, the lower surface of the second floor 1 is integrally connected to a ring beam 2, the width of the ring beam 2 is 0.24m, and the height of the ring beam is 0.3 m. The lower surface of the two-layer floor slab 1 is also integrally connected with an inner beam 3, the width of the inner beam 3 is 0.4m, and the height of the inner beam 3 is 0.6 m.

The embodiment of the application discloses a construction method of an overhanging balcony. Referring to fig. 2 to 3, the construction method of cantilever installation includes the steps of: and S1, adding the bottom plate 6. And (4) pre-arranging a scaffold for supporting, and then positioning and lofting out of the position of the overhanging balcony.

S1-1, constructing an anti-overturning structure, wherein the anti-overturning structure comprises a plurality of anchor rods 7, and six anchor rods are distributed at intervals in the application. According to the position of the overhanging balcony, the insertion holes 8 are formed in the ring beam 2 and the inner beam 3 in the positions of the anchoring rods 7 which are correspondingly positioned and lofted. Then, wear to establish anchor rod 7 on spliced eye 8, the one end level of anchor rod 7 passes collar tie beam 2, inside roof beam 3 and adopts locking piece 9 can dismantle fixed connection on inside roof beam 3. The other end that anchor rod 7 is relative is encorbelmented and is set up and the one side that deviates from inside roof beam 3 with collar tie beam 2, and anchor rod 7 encorbelments partly length size and is not less than 95 cm.

External threads are arranged on the peripheral side wall of the anchoring rod 7.

The locking piece 9 comprises a cushion block 10 coaxially sleeved on the anchoring rod 7 and a locking nut 11 screwed on the anchoring rod 7.

Before drilling, carbon fiber plates (not shown in the figure) are adhered below the lofting plug-in holes 8 in the height direction, and the carbon fibers are distributed in parallel to the length direction of the inner beam 3. Adopt carbon fiber plate reinforcement circle roof beam 2 and inside roof beam 3, the stability ability of the 3 structures of guarantee circle roof beam 2 and inside roof beam.

And S1-2, installing the adapter block 13. The switching block 13 is a rectangular block, a through matching hole 14 is formed in the lower portion of the switching block 13 in the height direction in advance, and the matching hole 14 is arranged corresponding to the inserting hole 8. The upper part of the transfer block 13 in the height direction is provided with a plurality of through additional holes 12 in advance. When the transfer blocks 13 are installed, the matching holes 14 are aligned to the anchoring rods 7 coaxially one by one, then the transfer blocks 13 are moved slowly, and the transfer blocks 13 are moved on the anchoring rods 7 until the transfer blocks 13 abut against one side, away from the inner beam 3, of the ring beam 2.

And drilling equipment is adopted, a horizontal bar planting hole 15 is drilled into the ring beam 2 along the axis of the additional hole 12, and the bottom of the bar planting hole 15 extends into the floor slab 1. Then, the bar planting glue is poured into the bar planting holes 15, the additional bars 28 coaxially penetrate through the bar planting holes 15, and the additional bars 28 are anchored in the floor slab 1 through the bar planting glue. An end of the additional rib 28, which faces away from the floor slab 1, is coaxially screwed with an additional nut 16, and the additional nut 16 abuts against a side of the transfer block 13, which faces away from the ring beam 2. The connection performance of the transfer block 13 and the ring beam 2 is improved by the additional rib 28 and the additional nut 16.

And S1-3, pouring the bottom plate 6. Firstly, a formwork is arranged on a scaffold.

Then, a plurality of distributed reinforcing steel bars are sequentially and fixedly connected to the anchoring rod 7, the distributed reinforcing steel bars and the anchoring rod 7 form a reinforcing steel bar mesh, and the anchoring rod 7 serves as a stressed reinforcing steel bar of the reinforcing steel bar mesh.

And finally, pouring concrete, wherein the concrete is light concrete formed by stirring light coarse aggregates, water, cement and fine aggregates. The light coarse aggregate can be ceramsite or light tuff, and the light coarse aggregate is ceramsite. The light coarse aggregate can reduce the dead weight of the bottom plate and improve the ultimate tensile strength of concrete compared with a coarse aggregate structure adopting pebbles or stones, so that the load borne by the anchoring rod is reduced, and the service life of the bottom plate is prolonged.

And (5) after the concrete pouring is finished, removing the template.

And S2, applying prestress. Referring to fig. 3, 4, S2-1, the reaction force lever 17 is mounted. The reaction rod 17 comprises a first rod 18 and a second rod 19, and a threaded hole 20 is formed at one axial end of the second rod 19. One end of the first rod piece 18 coaxially extends into the threaded hole 20, the first rod piece 18 is in threaded fit with the second rod piece 19, the first rod piece 18 and the second rod piece 19 rotate relatively, so that the distance between the two ends of the first rod piece 18 and the two ends of the second rod piece 19 which are opposite to each other is adjusted until one end of the first rod piece 18, which is far away from the second rod piece 19, is abutted against one side, close to the inner beam 3, of the ring beam 2, and one end, which is far away from the first rod piece 18, of the second rod piece 19 is abutted against one side, close to the ring beam 2, of the inner beam 3. The two ends of the first rod piece 18 and the second rod piece 19 which are opposite to each other are coaxially and fixedly connected with flat plates, connecting bolts penetrate through the flat plates and extend into the ring beam 2 or the inner beam 3.

And S2-2, tensioning. A scaffold will be set up in the room of one floor. Then, the tensioning equipment is connected to the anchoring rods 7 located at the two ends of the bottom plate 6 in the length direction, and when the anchoring rods 7 are tensioned, the locking nuts 11 of the tensioned anchoring rods 7 are manually rotated, so that the base plate located at one indoor end can be abutted against the inner beam 3.

S2-3, and preserving. And the outer side wall of the anchoring rod 7 between the inner beam 3 and the ring beam 2 is coated with corrosion-resistant paint to form a corrosion-resistant layer. Meanwhile, the locking piece 9 and the two ends of the anchoring rod 7 are also coated with corrosion-resistant paint to form a corrosion-resistant layer (not shown in the figure).

By stretching the anchoring rods 7 located at both ends of the bottom plate 6 in the length direction, the stretched anchoring rods 7 apply a load to the bottom plate 6 toward the loop beam 2, thereby improving the stability of the bottom plate 6.

Meanwhile, the reaction rod 17 between the ring beam 2 and the inner beam 3 can transmit the horizontal acting force born by the inner beam 3 to the ring beam 2, so that the probability of damage of the inner beam 3 during tensioning is reduced, and the utilization rate of the ring beam 2 is improved.

And S3, installing the shielding component. Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the screen assembly includes a plurality of screens 21 connected between the inner beam 3 and the ring beam 2 and fasteners 24 for connecting the screens 21 and the reaction rods 17. Five baffle plates 21 are sequentially distributed along the length direction of the bottom plate 6, and the baffle plates 21 are arranged corresponding to the reaction rods 17. The baffle plates 21 at the two ends along the length direction of the bottom plate 6 are fixedly connected with vertical side plates 22. The top ends of the side plates 22 are attached to the lower surface of the floor 1.

Referring to fig. 4 and 6, the fastening member 24 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the baffle 21, the fastening member 24 is C-shaped as a whole, and the fastening member 24 has elasticity. The side of the fastening piece 24 facing away from the stop plate 21 is provided with an open passage opening 25. The lower surface of the baffle 21 is further provided with an embedding groove 26, and a force application groove 27 is horizontally arranged on one side groove wall of the embedding groove 26. The palm of the field person can be inserted into the channel 26 with the fingers inserted into the force application slot 27 to facilitate removal of the flap 21 by the field person.

S3-1, the field personnel aligns the through-hole 25 with the reaction bar 17 and then drives the flap 21 slowly upward until the mouth-piece snaps onto the reaction bar 17.

S3-2, and the side faces of the baffle plate 21 and the side plate 22 parallel to the width direction of the bottom plate 6 are all bonded with fixed sealing strips. The sealing strips 23, the bottom plate 6, the side plates 22, the inner beam 3, the ring beam 2 and the floor slab 1 form a closed space, so that airflow flowing is reduced, and the probability of corrosion of the anchoring rod 7 is reduced. When the baffle 21 is detached, the sealing strip 23 is cut off.

S4, constructing additional facilities of the floor panel 6, and installing a shield assembly (not shown) on the upper surface of the floor panel 6. The protective component can be a protective railing or a breast board formed by building blocks.

The implementation principle of the construction method of the overhanging balcony in the embodiment of the application is as follows: compared with the existing balcony structure, the overhanging balcony formed by the construction method has the advantages that the load borne by the bottom plate 6 is transmitted to the inner beam 3 through the anchoring rods 7, the structure of the supporting columns 5 below the bottom plate 6 is reduced, and therefore the occupation of the ground area below the balcony is reduced.

Meanwhile, the load borne by the bottom plate 6 is shared by the additional ribs 28, the load is shared by the floor slab 1 and the ring beam 2, the load borne by the anchoring rods 7 is reduced, and the connection performance of the bottom plate 6 and the existing building structure is improved.

The tensioned anchor rods 7 will also exert a pre-stress on the base plate 6 that is directed horizontally towards the ring beam 2, thereby improving the anti-overturning properties of the base plate 6.

The locking piece 9 at one end of the anchoring rod 7 in the room is removed, and the additional nut 16 on the additional rib 28 is removed, so that the anchoring rod 7 can be separated from the insertion hole 8, and the switching block 13 can be separated from the additional rib 28. When the building reaches service life, the balcony structure of this application can also be dismantled, retrieve from the building.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. A construction method of an overhanging balcony is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises S1, additionally arranging a bottom plate (6); s1-1, constructing an anti-overturning structure, wherein a plurality of anchoring rods (7) penetrate through a ring beam (2) and an inner beam (3), the anchoring rods (7) are distributed in parallel to the length direction of the inner beam (3), one end of each anchoring rod (7) is provided with a locking piece (9) used for restraining the anchoring rod (7) to deviate from the inner beam (3) to move, and the other end, opposite to the anchoring rod (7), of each anchoring rod is arranged in a cantilever mode; s1-2, installing a switching block (13), sleeving the switching block (13) on the anchoring rod (7), and connecting the switching block (13) with one side of the ring beam (2) departing from the inner beam (3); s1-3, pouring the bottom plate (6), fixedly connecting distributed steel bars on the anchoring rods (7), and then pouring concrete to form the bottom plate (6); s2, applying prestress, tensioning the anchoring rods (7) at the two ends of the bottom plate (6) in the length direction, then fixedly connecting the tensioned anchoring rods (7) to the inner beam (3), and installing a plurality of reaction rods (17) distributed at intervals between the ring beam (2) and the inner beam (3);

the reaction rod (17) comprises a first rod piece (18) and a second rod piece (19), one end of the first rod piece (18) is abutted to one side, close to the inner beam (3), of the ring beam (2), and the first rod piece (18) is fixedly connected with the ring beam (2); one end of the second rod piece (19) is sleeved at one end, deviating from the ring beam (2), of the first rod piece (18), the other end, opposite to the second rod piece (19), of the second rod piece is abutted against one side, close to the ring beam (2), of the inner beam (3) and is fixedly connected with the inner beam, and the first rod piece (18) is in coaxial threaded fit with the second rod piece (19).

2. The construction method of an overhanging balcony according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S1-3, the concrete is light concrete prepared from light tuff or ceramsite.

3. The construction method of an overhanging balcony according to claim 1, wherein: in the S2, the outer side wall of the anchoring rod (7) between the inner beam (3) and the ring beam (2) is coated with corrosion-resistant paint.

4. The construction method of an overhanging balcony according to claim 1, wherein: in the S1-2, the adapter block (13) is provided with an additional hole (12) in advance, a rib planting hole (15) is formed in the extending direction of the floor (1) along the axis of the additional hole (12), an additional rib (28) penetrates through the rib planting hole (15) and the additional hole (12), and an additional nut (16) used for locking the adapter block (13) is screwed on the additional rib (28).

5. The construction method of an overhanging balcony according to claim 1, wherein: step S3, installing a shielding component; a plurality of baffles (21) used for shielding the anchoring rods (7) and the reaction rods (17) are further connected between the ring beam (2) and the inner beam (3), and one side, close to the floor (1), of each baffle (21) is connected to each reaction rod (17) through a fastening piece (24).

6. The construction method of an overhanging balcony according to claim 5, wherein: the buckling piece (24) is annular, the buckling piece (24) has elasticity, and one side of the buckling piece (24) departing from the baffle (21) is provided with a through hole (25) through which the reaction rod (17) penetrates into the buckling piece (24).

7. The construction method of an overhanging balcony according to claim 6, wherein: the lower surface of baffle (21) is seted up and is supplied caulking groove (26) that the people's palm stretched into, application of force groove (27) that supply the finger to stretch into are seted up to the cell wall one side of caulking groove (26).

8. The construction method of an overhanging balcony according to claim 1, wherein: the locking piece (9) comprises a locking nut (11) coaxially screwed on the anchoring rod (7) and a base plate abutted between the locking nut (11) and the ring beam (2), and the locking nut (11) is positioned on one side, away from the ring beam (2), of the inner beam (3).

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