CN113338329A - Suction type anchor pile combined structure and installation and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Suction type anchor pile combined structure and installation and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113338329A CN113338329A CN202110731664.5A CN202110731664A CN113338329A CN 113338329 A CN113338329 A CN 113338329A CN 202110731664 A CN202110731664 A CN 202110731664A CN 113338329 A CN113338329 A CN 113338329A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 241001061260 Emmelichthys struhsakeri Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/44—Foundations for machines, engines or ordnance
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/12—Pile foundations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
- E02D5/46—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making in situ by forcing bonding agents into gravel fillings or the soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
- E02D5/76—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
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- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
A suction anchor pile combined structure and an installation construction method thereof are disclosed, the combined structure comprises a suction anchor device and a steel pipe pile, the suction anchor device at least comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, an annular top cover, a water pumping hole, a water pumping and draining pipe, a water pumping pump, a suspension hook, an inner rib plate and an outer rib plate, the inner cylinder is arranged in the center of the outer cylinder, and the annular top cover, the outer cylinder and the top end of the inner cylinder are welded in a seamless mode to form a semi-closed annular cylinder; one end of the water pumping and draining pipe is hermetically connected with the two water pumping holes, and the other end of the water pumping and draining pipe is connected with the water pumping pump; the hanging hook is welded on the edge of the annular top cover; the inner rib plate is welded at the joint of the inner barrel and the annular top cover, and the outer rib plate is welded at the joint of the outer barrel and the annular top cover; the steel pipe pile penetrates through the inner cylinder static pressure pile sinking to a preset depth and is coupled with the suction anchor device through high-pressure jet grouting. The invention couples the suction anchor device and the steel pipe pile together to reinforce the marine pile foundation, and the combined structure is convenient for transportation and installation, has stronger scour resistance and horizontal deformation resistance, and saves the engineering cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fan foundation model selection, design and construction, and particularly relates to a suction type anchor pile combined structure and an installation construction method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of wind power engineering, the requirements on wind turbine foundations are higher and higher, however, the offshore wind turbine foundation is greatly different from the onshore foundation, and has the following characteristics: firstly, the vertical load from the upper structure is borne, and horizontal dynamic loads such as wind, wave, flow and the like also need to be resisted; wind, wave and flow are unstable, and the horizontal load acting on the upper structure of the pile foundation changes constantly; the requirement on stability is high, and the inclination angle of the upper fan is strictly ensured to be within a safety range; fourthly, the construction is inconvenient, and the economic cost is high; the marine geological environment of the foundation is complex, a scouring pit is easy to form, and the stability of the fan is seriously influenced. Therefore, the wind turbine foundation must be reasonably selected and designed to meet the actual engineering bearing requirements and economic requirements.
At present, the international common basic forms of the wind turbine all have certain defects, such as: (1) the diameter of the single-pile steel pipe foundation is large, so that large economic consumption is caused, the pile driving is difficult, a scouring pit is easily formed around the pile, high-pressure grouting is needed, and the environmental pollution is serious; (2) the gravity type foundation needs seabed preparation in advance, and the construction period is long; the volume and the weight are large, the installation and transportation cost is high, and the applicable water depth is narrow; (3) the floating foundation is unstable, is only suitable for sea areas with small storms, has high possibility of installation failure and short service life; (4) the multi-pile foundation is high in construction cost, special equipment is needed for installation, construction cost is high, and the multi-pile foundation is difficult to move and recover after the years are reached.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that aiming at the defects of the existing offshore wind turbine foundation form, the invention provides a suction type anchor pile combined structure and an installation construction method thereof, wherein the combined structure is convenient to transport and install, has stronger scour resistance and horizontal deformation resistance, and saves the engineering cost.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a suction anchor pile combined structure comprises a suction anchor device and a steel pipe pile, wherein the suction anchor device at least comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, an annular top cover, a water pumping hole, a water pumping and draining pipe, a water pumping pump, a hanging hook, an inner rib plate and an outer rib plate, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are both open cylinders, the inner cylinder is arranged at the center of the outer cylinder, the centers of the two open cylinders are superposed, the annular top cover is arranged above the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the annular top cover, the top ends of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are welded in a seamless mode to form a semi-closed annular cylinder; two water pumping holes are reserved and symmetrically arranged on the annular top cover, one end of the water pumping and discharging pipe is hermetically connected with the two water pumping holes, and the other end of the water pumping and discharging pipe is connected with a water pumping pump; the hanging hook is welded on the edge of the annular top cover and is used for hoisting a sinking suction anchor device by a crane; the inner rib plate is welded at the joint of the inner barrel and the annular top cover, and the outer rib plate is welded at the joint of the outer barrel and the annular top cover (the outer rib plate and the inner rib plate are used for reinforcing the integral structure); the steel pipe pile penetrates through the inner cylinder static pressure pile sinking to a preset depth and is coupled with the suction anchor device through high-pressure jet grouting.
According to the scheme, the three suspension hooks are welded on the edge of the annular top cover at equal intervals, and the included angle between every two three suspension hooks and the center of the annular top cover is 120 degrees.
According to the scheme, the inner rib plates are made of steel materials and are at least three, and the three inner rib plates are welded at the joint of the inner barrel and the annular top cover at equal intervals; the outer rib plate is made of steel materials and is at least three, and the three outer rib plates are welded at the joint of the outer barrel and the annular top cover at equal intervals (the outer rib plates and the inner rib plates are used for reinforcing the integral structure).
According to the scheme, the novel energy-saving cylinder also comprises a plurality of rows of reinforcing ribs which are equally distributed along the length direction of the outer cylinder, the reinforcing ribs are made of steel, at least three reinforcing ribs are arranged in each row and are uniformly welded between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder at equal intervals, one end of each reinforcing rib is welded on the outer surface of the inner cylinder, the other end of each reinforcing rib is welded on the inner surface of the outer cylinder, and each row of reinforcing ribs is parallel to the annular top cover.
According to the above scheme, still include interim closing device, interim closing device connects in the inner tube bottom, interim closing device is including the cylindrical steel sheet that is located upper portion and the obconic steel casing that is located the lower part, the external diameter of cylindrical steel sheet slightly is less than the internal diameter of inner tube, the outside level of top surface a week of obconic steel casing is outwards extended an annular border (similar flower shape) and the external diameter at annular border the same with the external diameter of inner tube, the top surface of obconic steel casing is in the same place with the bottom surface welding of cylindrical steel sheet, the inner tube bobbin base is passed cylindrical steel sheet and cover and is established on the annular border of obconic steel casing.
According to the scheme, the inner cylinder, the outer cylinder and the annular top cover are all made of steel, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are cylindrical, and the roundness is ensured by adopting the split symmetrical welding; the annular top cover is in a circular ring shape, the diameter of the outer circle of the annular top cover is the same as that of the outer cylinder, and the diameter of the inner circle of the annular top cover is the same as that of the inner cylinder.
The invention also provides an installation and construction method of the suction type anchor pile combined structure, which comprises the following steps:
1) performing seabed investigation, namely arriving at a planned construction sea area before design construction to perform seabed investigation, and finding out the soil property of the seabed and the environmental conditions of the planned construction sea area;
2) designing and prefabricating a suction anchor device and a steel pipe pile, after finding out the soil property of a seabed and the environmental conditions of a planned construction sea area, designing the suction anchor device and the steel pipe pile with reasonable sizes according to the engineering load required by the environment of the planned construction sea area, and performing factory prefabrication strictly according to relevant standard standards;
3) shipping, fixing and transporting, namely shipping and fixing the suction anchor device and the steel pipe pile prefabricated in a factory at a nearby wharf, and transporting to a planned construction sea area;
4) positioning by a GPS-RTK positioning method, arranging a reference station at an open place of a ship body, continuously transmitting all satellite information and observation information received by the reference station to a rover by a radio station on a crane hook, and calculating by software according to carrier phase observation data of the received reference station by the rover to obtain a three-dimensional coordinate of the rover in real time so as to realize accurate positioning;
5) after the lower guide rod is accurately positioned, inserting a guide rod at the center of the steel pipe pile to be inserted, and controlling the verticality when the steel pipe pile and the suction anchor device are sunk;
6) the sinking suction anchor device is lifted by a crane ship and then is put into seawater, and sinks into the seabed for a certain depth under the self-weight action of the suction anchor device, so that the water in the anchor cylinder forms a closed state, the water pumping hole is closed before sinking, and the verticality of the suction anchor device is ensured by referring to the guide rod in the sinking process;
7) the suction anchor device sinks after pumping water, a water pump is utilized to pump water outwards from two water pumping holes at the top end of the suction anchor device, the same water pumping speed of the two water pumps is ensured during pumping water, the total water pumping amount in unit time is larger than the water amount seeped from the bottom of the suction anchor device, so that internal and external pressure difference, namely negative pressure, is formed in a closed anchor cylinder, the negative pressure generates downward pressure on the suction anchor device, the pressure generated along with the increase of the water pumping amount is gradually increased, when the pressure is larger than the sum of the side friction resistance and the end resistance of an anchor body, the suction anchor device sinks again, until the top of the suction anchor device is contacted with a soil body, the water pumping is stopped, and the water pumping holes are closed; the verticality of the suction anchor device is ensured by always referring to the guide rod in the sinking process;
8) the method comprises the following steps of (1) statically sinking a pile, namely conveying a steel pipe pile into an inner cylinder of a suction anchor device by using a static pile sinking device, and statically sinking the pile to a preset depth;
9) and (3) grouting construction, namely performing high-pressure jet grouting in a gap between the steel pipe pile and the cylindrical wall of the inner cylinder of the suction anchor device to couple the steel pipe pile and the suction anchor device into an integral structure.
According to the scheme, in the step 5), if in the soft clay with poor soil quality, the bottom of the inner cylinder of the suction anchor device is provided with the temporary sealing device, and the outer layer of the suction anchor device is uniformly provided with three guide rods to control the verticality.
According to the scheme, in step 8), if in the soft clay that soil texture is poor, the inner tube bottom of suction anchor device has interim closing device, when the suction anchor sinks into the seabed, soil body pressure from outside upwards acts on the obround steel casing for interim closing device is inseparabler with the inner tube gomphosis, the soil body does not get into the inner tube, directly sinks the steel-pipe pile, the interim closing device is not taken out to the pile sinking in-process, pile body sinking pressure from inside downwards acts on the obround steel casing, make interim closing device break away from the inner tube gradually, until pushing interim closing device into in the soil body.
According to the scheme, in the step 8), if the bottom of the inner cylinder of the suction anchor device is not provided with the temporary sealing device in the soft clay with good soil quality, in the sinking process of the suction anchor device, holes are drilled in the soil mass of the soil plug entering the inner cylinder to take out soil, so that the stress among particles in the soil mass is dissipated (pile sinking is facilitated).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the suction anchor device and the steel pipe pile are coupled together, so that the marine pile foundation can be reinforced, the scouring resistance and the horizontal deformation resistance of the suction anchor device are fully utilized, the pile body at the seabed mud surface is effectively protected, and the horizontal bearing capacity of the pile body is increased;
2. in soft clay with poor soil quality, the suction type anchor pile combined structure can prevent the soft clay from flowing into the inner cylinder through the additionally arranged temporary sealing device, so that the inner cylinder is prevented from being blocked, and the problem of difficulty in subsequent pile sinking is greatly improved;
3. the combined structure is convenient to transport and install, particularly in shallow sea areas, the suction type anchor pile combined structure is sunk under negative pressure through a press-mounting machine, the construction progress is accelerated, the foundation stability can be realized quickly, and gap construction in severe weather on the sea is facilitated;
4. the suction anchor device can also greatly reduce the diameter of a pile body used in the engineering, the material and manufacturing cost is low, and the cost of steel consumption is greatly saved;
5. the construction is accurate in position, and the possibility of interference and conflict with other platforms or other operation activities is reduced; not only is applicable to the steel pipe pile, but also is applicable to most other pile types and soil texture.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a suction type anchor pile assembly suitable for poor soil quality according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a suction type anchor pile composite structure suitable for poor soil quality according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a suction type anchor pile assembly suitable for use in high soil quality according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a suction type anchor pile assembly structure suitable for use in high soil quality according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a temporary sealing device for a suction anchor pile composite structure with poor soil quality according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a temporary sealing device of a suction type anchor pile combined structure suitable for poor soil quality according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of another temporary closure device suitable for soil deterioration in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: the method comprises the following steps of 1-outer cylinder, 2-inner cylinder, 3-hanging hook, 4-outer rib plate, 5-water pumping hole, 6-reinforcing rib, 7-inner rib plate, 8-temporary sealing device, 9-annular top cover, 10-cylindrical steel plate, 11-annular edge and 12-inverted cone-shaped steel shell.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The suction type anchor pile combined structure in the embodiment 1 of the invention is suitable for soft clay with poor soil quality, the suction anchor device comprises a suction anchor device and a steel pipe pile, the suction anchor device is shown in figures 1-2 and comprises an outer cylinder 1, an inner cylinder 2, an annular top cover 9, a water pumping hole 5, a water pumping and draining pipe, a water pumping pump, a hanging hook 3, an inner ribbed plate 7, an outer ribbed plate 4, a reinforcing rib 6 and a temporary sealing device 8, wherein the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2 are both open cylinders and are cylindrical, the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2 are made of steel materials and are symmetrically welded in a split mode to ensure the roundness of the cylinders, the inner cylinder 2 is arranged at the center of the outer cylinder 1, the centers of the two open cylinders are superposed, the annular top cover 9 is arranged above the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2, the annular top cover 9 is annular, the outer diameter of the annular top cover 9 is the same as the diameter of the outer cylinder 1, the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 2 is the same as the diameter of the inner cylinder 2, and the annular top end of the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2 are welded in a seamless mode to form a semi-closed annular cylinder; the two water pumping holes 5 are reserved on the annular top cover 9 and are symmetrically distributed, one end of a water pumping and draining pipe is connected with the two water pumping holes 5, the other end of the water pumping and draining pipe is connected with a water pumping pump, and the joint of each water pumping hole 5 and the water pumping and draining pipe is sealed by butyl rubber (medical infusion bottle plug material) or other watertight materials; the three suspension hooks 3 are welded at the edge of the annular top cover 9 at equal intervals (the included angle between every two three suspension hooks 3 and the center of the annular top cover 9 is 120 degrees), and the suspension hooks 3 are used for lifting a sinking suction anchor device by a crane; the inner rib plates 7 are made of steel materials, namely steel plates, at least three inner rib plates 7 are arranged, the three inner rib plates 7 are welded at the joint of the inner barrel 2 and the annular top cover 9 at equal intervals, and the included angle between every two inner rib plates and the center of the inner barrel 2 is 120 degrees; the outer rib plates 4 are made of steel materials, namely steel plates, at least three outer rib plates 4 are arranged, the three outer rib plates 4 are welded at the joint of the outer barrel 1 and the annular top cover 9 at equal intervals, and the included angle between each two outer rib plates and the center of the outer barrel 1 is 120 degrees (the outer rib plates 4 and the inner rib plates 7 are used for reinforcing the integral structure); the reinforcing ribs 6 are arranged in a plurality of rows in equal intervals along the length direction of the outer barrel 1 by adopting steel bars, at least three reinforcing ribs 6 in each row are uniformly welded between the outer barrel 1 and the inner barrel 2 at equal intervals, one end of each reinforcing rib 6 is welded on the outer surface of the inner barrel 2, the other end of each reinforcing rib is welded on the inner surface of the outer barrel 1, each row of reinforcing ribs 6 is parallel to the annular top cover 9, and the reinforcing ribs 6 are used for enhancing the overall rigidity of the suction anchor device, preventing soil bodies from permeating into and damaging the structure of the suction anchor device in the later period and ensuring the stability of the suction anchor device in the service period; the temporary sealing device 8 is connected to the bottom of the inner cylinder 2, as shown in fig. 5-6, the temporary sealing device 8 comprises a cylindrical steel plate 10 positioned at the upper part and an inverted conical steel shell 12 positioned at the lower part, the outer diameter of the cylindrical steel plate 10 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 2 (it is only required to ensure that the inner cylinder 2 can be sleeved into the cylindrical steel plate 10), an annular edge 11 (similar to a flower shape) extends outwards and horizontally from the top surface of the inverted conical steel shell 12, the outer diameter of the annular edge 11 is the same as that of the inner cylinder 2, the top surface of the inverted conical steel shell 12 is welded with the bottom surface of the cylindrical steel plate 10, and the bottom of the inner cylinder 2 penetrates through the cylindrical steel plate 10 and is; the steel pipe pile penetrates through the inner cylinder 2 to be statically sunk to a preset depth and is coupled with the suction anchor device through high-pressure jet grouting.
In specific engineering application, each assembling part is designed to have a proper size according to load requirements under different working conditions. The annular rim 11 of the temporary sealing device may also be formed by extending from the bottom of the cylindrical steel plate 10 and then welding with the inverted conical steel shell 12, as shown in fig. 7.
The suction type anchor pile combined structure disclosed by the embodiment 1 of the invention is suitable for application of a suction anchor device with poor soil quality, and the installation and construction method comprises the following steps:
1) performing seabed investigation, namely arriving at a planned construction sea area before design construction to perform seabed investigation, and finding out the soil property of the seabed and the environmental conditions of the planned construction sea area;
2) designing and prefabricating a steel pipe pile and a suction anchor device, after finding out the soil property of a seabed and the environmental conditions of a planned construction sea area, designing the suction anchor device and the steel pipe pile with reasonable sizes according to the engineering load required by the environment of the planned construction sea area, and performing factory prefabrication strictly according to relevant standard standards;
3) shipping, fixing and transporting, namely shipping and fixing the steel pipe piles and the suction anchor devices prefabricated in a factory at a wharf, and transporting to a planned construction sea area;
4) positioning by a GPS-RTK positioning method, arranging a reference station at an open place of a ship body, continuously transmitting all satellite information and observation information received by the reference station to a rover by a radio station on a crane hook, and calculating by software according to carrier phase observation data of the received reference station by the rover to obtain a three-dimensional coordinate of the rover in real time so as to realize accurate positioning; positioning the center of a circle to be inserted and the position coordinates of three points with equal intervals on the circumference of 0.2m outside the circle to be inserted, wherein the included angle between each two points of the three points on the circumference is 120 degrees;
5) after the lower guide rod is accurately positioned, inserting a guide rod at the center of the steel pipe pile to be inserted, and controlling the verticality when the steel pipe pile and the suction anchor device are sunk;
6) the sinking suction anchor device is lifted by a crane ship and then is put into seawater, and sinks into the seabed for a certain depth under the self-weight action of the suction anchor device, so that the water in the anchor cylinder forms a closed state, the water pumping hole is closed before sinking, and the verticality of the suction anchor device is ensured by referring to the guide rod in the sinking process;
7) the suction anchor device sinks after pumping water, a water pump is utilized to pump water outwards from two water pumping holes at the top end of the suction anchor device, the same water pumping speed of the two water pumps is ensured during pumping water, the total water pumping amount in unit time is larger than the water amount seeped from the bottom of the suction anchor device, so that internal and external pressure difference, namely negative pressure, is formed in a closed anchor cylinder, the negative pressure generates downward pressure on the suction anchor device, the pressure generated along with the increase of the water pumping amount is gradually increased, when the pressure is larger than the sum of the side friction resistance and the end resistance of an anchor body, the suction anchor device sinks again, until the top of the suction anchor device is contacted with a soil body, the water pumping is stopped, and the water pumping holes are closed; the verticality of the suction anchor device is ensured by always referring to the guide rod in the sinking process; drilling holes in the soil body entering the inner cylinder in the sinking process of the suction anchor device to take out the soil, so that the stress among the particles in the soil body is dissipated, and pile sinking is facilitated;
8) the method comprises the following steps of (1) statically sinking a pile, namely conveying a steel pipe pile into an inner cylinder of a suction anchor device by using a static pile sinking device, and statically sinking the pile to a preset depth; the bottom of the inner cylinder 2 of the suction anchor device is provided with a temporary sealing device 8, when the suction anchor is sunk into the seabed, the pressure of a soil body acts on the inverted cone-shaped steel shell 12 from the outside upwards, so that the temporary sealing device 8 is more tightly embedded with the inner cylinder 2, the soil body does not enter the inner cylinder 2, the steel pipe pile is directly sunk, the temporary sealing device 8 does not need to be taken out in the pile sinking process, the pile sinking pressure of the pile body acts on the inverted cone-shaped steel shell 12 from the inside downwards, and the temporary sealing device 8 is gradually separated from the inner cylinder 2 until the temporary sealing device 8 is pushed into the soil body;
9) and (3) grouting construction, namely performing high-pressure jet grouting in a gap between the steel pipe pile and the cylindrical wall of the inner cylinder of the suction anchor device to couple the steel pipe pile and the suction anchor device into an integral structure.
The suction type anchor pile combined structure in embodiment 2 of the invention is suitable for soft clay with good soil quality, and as shown in fig. 3 to 4, a suction anchor device suitable for good soil quality is substantially the same as a suction anchor device suitable for poor soil quality, and the only difference is that a temporary sealing device 8 is not assembled at the bottom end of an inner cylinder.
In concrete engineering application, the suction type anchor pile combined structure described in embodiment 2 is suitable for application of a suction anchor device with good soil quality, and the installation and construction method comprises the following steps:
1) performing seabed investigation, namely arriving at a planned construction sea area before design construction to perform seabed investigation, and finding out the soil property of the seabed and the environmental conditions of the planned construction sea area;
2) designing and prefabricating a steel pipe pile and a suction anchor device, after finding out the soil property of a seabed and the environmental conditions of a planned construction sea area, designing the suction anchor device and the steel pipe pile with reasonable sizes according to the engineering load required by the environment of the planned construction sea area, and performing factory prefabrication strictly according to relevant standard standards;
3) shipping, fixing and transporting, namely shipping and fixing the steel pipe piles and the suction anchor devices prefabricated in a factory at a wharf, and transporting to a planned construction sea area;
4) positioning by a GPS-RTK positioning method, arranging a reference station at an open place of a ship body, continuously transmitting all satellite information and observation information received by the reference station to a rover by a radio station on a crane hook, and calculating by software according to carrier phase observation data of the received reference station by the rover to obtain a three-dimensional coordinate of the rover in real time so as to realize accurate positioning;
5) after the lower guide rod is accurately positioned, inserting a guide rod at the center of the steel pipe pile to be inserted, and controlling the verticality when the steel pipe pile and the suction anchor device are sunk;
6) the sinking suction anchor device is lifted by a crane ship and then is put into seawater, and sinks into the seabed for a certain depth under the self-weight action of the suction anchor device, so that the water in the anchor cylinder forms a closed state, the water pumping hole is closed before sinking, and the verticality of the suction anchor device is ensured by referring to the guide rod in the sinking process;
7) the suction anchor device sinks after pumping water, a water pump is utilized to pump water outwards from two water pumping holes at the top end of the suction anchor device, the same water pumping speed of the two water pumps is ensured during pumping water, the total water pumping amount in unit time is larger than the water amount seeped from the bottom of the suction anchor device, so that internal and external pressure difference, namely negative pressure, is formed in a closed anchor cylinder, the negative pressure generates downward pressure on the suction anchor device, the pressure generated along with the increase of the water pumping amount is gradually increased, when the pressure is larger than the sum of the side friction resistance and the end resistance of an anchor body, the suction anchor device sinks again, until the top of the suction anchor device is contacted with a soil body, the water pumping is stopped, and the water pumping holes are closed; the verticality of the suction anchor device is ensured by always referring to the guide rod in the sinking process; drilling holes in the soil body entering the inner cylinder in the sinking process of the suction anchor device to take out the soil, so that the stress among the particles in the soil body is dissipated, and pile sinking is facilitated;
(8) the temporary sealing device is arranged at the bottom of the inner cylinder of the suction anchor, so that a soil plug is formed in the inner cylinder in the sinking process of the anchor body to block the steel pipe pile from sinking, and therefore, in the sinking process of the suction anchor device, the soil is drilled and taken in the soil mass of the soil plug entering the inner cylinder, so that the stress among particles in the soil mass is dissipated, and the pile sinking is facilitated;
9) the method comprises the following steps of (1) statically sinking a pile, namely conveying a steel pipe pile into an inner cylinder of a suction anchor device by using a static pile sinking device, and statically sinking the pile to a preset depth;
10) and (3) grouting construction, namely performing high-pressure jet grouting in a gap between the steel pipe pile and the cylindrical wall of the inner cylinder of the suction anchor device to couple the steel pipe pile and the suction anchor device into an integral structure.
The invention is not limited to the use as set forth in the description and the embodiments, but various corresponding modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the present invention, all falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A suction anchor pile combined structure is characterized by comprising a suction anchor device and a steel pipe pile, wherein the suction anchor device at least comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, an annular top cover, a water pumping hole, a water pumping and draining pipe, a water pumping pump, a suspension hook, an inner rib plate and an outer rib plate; two water pumping holes are reserved and symmetrically arranged on the annular top cover, one end of the water pumping and discharging pipe is hermetically connected with the two water pumping holes, and the other end of the water pumping and discharging pipe is connected with a water pumping pump; the hanging hook is welded on the edge of the annular top cover and is used for hoisting a sinking suction anchor device by a crane; the inner ribbed plate is welded at the joint of the inner barrel and the annular top cover, and the outer ribbed plate is welded at the joint of the outer barrel and the annular top cover; the steel pipe pile penetrates through the inner cylinder static pressure pile sinking to a preset depth and is coupled with the suction anchor device through high-pressure jet grouting.
2. The suction type anchor pile combined structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hanging hooks are provided with three and equidistantly welded at the edge of the annular top cover, and the included angle between every two hanging hooks and the center of the annular top cover is 120 degrees.
3. The suction type anchor pile combined structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner rib plates are made of steel, at least three inner rib plates are arranged, and the three inner rib plates are welded at the joint of the inner cylinder and the annular top cover at equal intervals; the outer rib plate is made of steel and is at least three, and the three outer rib plates are welded at the joint of the outer barrel and the annular top cover at equal intervals.
4. The suction type anchor pile combined structure as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a plurality of rows of reinforcing ribs equally spaced along the length direction of the outer cylinder, wherein the reinforcing ribs are made of steel, each row of reinforcing ribs is provided with at least three reinforcing ribs, the reinforcing ribs are uniformly welded between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder at equal intervals, one end of each reinforcing rib is welded on the outer surface of the inner cylinder, the other end of each reinforcing rib is welded on the inner surface of the outer cylinder, and each row of reinforcing ribs is parallel to the annular top cover.
5. The suction type anchor pile combined structure according to claim 1, further comprising a temporary sealing device, wherein the temporary sealing device is connected to the bottom of the inner cylinder, the temporary sealing device comprises a cylindrical steel plate located at the upper part and an inverted conical steel shell located at the lower part, the outer diameter of the cylindrical steel plate is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the inner cylinder, an annular edge extends outwards from the top surface of the inverted conical steel shell, the outer diameter of the annular edge is the same as the outer diameter of the inner cylinder, the top surface of the inverted conical steel shell is welded with the bottom surface of the cylindrical steel plate, and the bottom of the inner cylinder penetrates through the cylindrical steel plate and is sleeved on the annular edge of the inverted conical steel shell.
6. The suction type anchor pile combined structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner cylinder, the outer cylinder and the annular top cover are all made of steel, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are cylindrical, and are symmetrically welded in a split manner to ensure roundness; the annular top cover is in a circular ring shape, the diameter of the outer circle of the annular top cover is the same as that of the outer cylinder, and the diameter of the inner circle of the annular top cover is the same as that of the inner cylinder.
7. The method for installing and constructing the suction type anchor pile combined structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) performing seabed investigation, namely arriving at a planned construction sea area before design construction to perform seabed investigation, and finding out the soil property of the seabed and the environmental conditions of the planned construction sea area;
2) designing and prefabricating a suction anchor device and a steel pipe pile, after finding out the soil property of a seabed and the environmental conditions of a planned construction sea area, designing the suction anchor device and the steel pipe pile with reasonable sizes according to the engineering load required by the environment of the planned construction sea area, and performing factory prefabrication strictly according to relevant standard standards;
3) shipping, fixing and transporting, namely shipping and fixing the suction anchor device and the steel pipe pile prefabricated in a factory at a nearby wharf, and transporting to a planned construction sea area;
4) positioning by a GPS-RTK positioning method, arranging a reference station at an open place of a ship body, continuously transmitting all satellite information and observation information received by the reference station to a rover by a radio station on a crane hook, and calculating by software according to carrier phase observation data of the received reference station by the rover to obtain a three-dimensional coordinate of the rover in real time so as to realize accurate positioning;
5) after the lower guide rod is accurately positioned, inserting a guide rod at the center of the steel pipe pile to be inserted, and controlling the verticality when the steel pipe pile and the suction anchor device are sunk;
6) the sinking suction anchor device is lifted by a crane ship and then is put into seawater, and sinks into the seabed for a certain depth under the self-weight action of the suction anchor device, so that the water in the anchor cylinder forms a closed state, the water pumping hole is closed before sinking, and the verticality of the suction anchor device is ensured by referring to the guide rod in the sinking process;
7) the suction anchor device sinks after pumping water, a water pump is utilized to pump water outwards from two water pumping holes at the top end of the suction anchor device, the same water pumping speed of the two water pumps is ensured during pumping water, the total water pumping amount in unit time is larger than the water amount seeped from the bottom of the suction anchor device, so that internal and external pressure difference, namely negative pressure, is formed in a closed anchor cylinder, the negative pressure generates downward pressure on the suction anchor device, the pressure generated along with the increase of the water pumping amount is gradually increased, when the pressure is larger than the sum of the side friction resistance and the end resistance of an anchor body, the suction anchor device sinks again, until the top of the suction anchor device is contacted with a soil body, the water pumping is stopped, and the water pumping holes are closed; the verticality of the suction anchor device is ensured by always referring to the guide rod in the sinking process;
8) the method comprises the following steps of (1) statically sinking a pile, namely conveying a steel pipe pile into an inner cylinder of a suction anchor device by using a static pile sinking device, and statically sinking the pile to a preset depth;
9) and (3) grouting construction, namely performing high-pressure jet grouting in a gap between the steel pipe pile and the cylindrical wall of the inner cylinder of the suction anchor device to couple the steel pipe pile and the suction anchor device into an integral structure.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein in step 5), if the soft clay has poor soil quality, the temporary sealing device is provided at the bottom of the inner cylinder of the suction anchor device, and three guide rods are uniformly arranged on the outer layer of the suction anchor device to control verticality.
9. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein in step 8), if the soil is soft clay with poor soil quality, the temporary sealing device is disposed at the bottom of the inner cylinder of the suction anchor device, and when the suction anchor is sunk into the seabed, the soil pressure acts on the inverted cone-shaped steel casing from outside to top, so that the temporary sealing device is more tightly embedded with the inner cylinder, the soil does not enter the inner cylinder, the steel pipe pile is directly sunk without removing the temporary sealing device, and the pile sinking pressure acts on the inverted cone-shaped steel casing from inside to bottom, so that the temporary sealing device gradually separates from the inner cylinder until the temporary sealing device is pushed into the soil.
10. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein in step 8), if the bottom of the inner cylinder of the suction anchor device is not provided with the temporary sealing device in the soft clay with good soil quality, during the sinking process of the suction anchor device, holes are drilled in the soil mass of the soil plug entering the inner cylinder to extract soil, so as to dissipate the stress between particles in the soil mass.
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| CN114000495A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-01 | 中交第一航务工程局有限公司 | Underwater vacuum preloading process |
| CN114439033A (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-05-06 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Reinforced concrete self-sinking umbrella-shaped mudflat wind power foundation and installation method thereof |
| CN114852256A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-05 | 交通运输部广州打捞局 | Suction anchor and use method thereof |
| CN115288135A (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2022-11-04 | 浙江交工集团股份有限公司 | Hydraulic pile sinking structure and construction method thereof |
| WO2022223059A3 (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2023-02-09 | 山东科技大学 | Ocean anchoring foundation and method for using same |
| CN116729555A (en) * | 2023-08-15 | 2023-09-12 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Resolidified suction anchor and use method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210903 |