CN113338080A - System and process for preparing fiberboard from sludge and textile industry waste - Google Patents
System and process for preparing fiberboard from sludge and textile industry waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN113338080A CN113338080A CN202110600451.9A CN202110600451A CN113338080A CN 113338080 A CN113338080 A CN 113338080A CN 202110600451 A CN202110600451 A CN 202110600451A CN 113338080 A CN113338080 A CN 113338080A
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 293
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 32
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
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Images
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21J—FIBREBOARD; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM CELLULOSIC FIBROUS SUSPENSIONS OR FROM PAPIER-MACHE
- D21J1/00—Fibreboard
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/004—Sludge detoxification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/127—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering by centrifugation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/15—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by treatment with electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields; by treatment with ultrasonic waves
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/26—Reducing the size of particles, liquid droplets or bubbles, e.g. by crushing, grinding, spraying, creation of microbubbles or nanobubbles
Abstract
A system for preparing a fiberboard from sludge and textile industry waste comprises a rack, a sludge storage bin, a medicament bin, a conditioning tank, a first closed material conveying bin, an oscillating screen, a magnetic separation system, a rotational flow ultrasonic cracking device, a sludge cache tank, a paddle type drier, a crusher, a textile industry waste fiber storage bin, a mixing stirrer and a plate press, wherein the sludge storage bin, the medicament bin, the conditioning tank, the first closed material conveying bin, the oscillating screen, the magnetic separation system, the rotational flow ultrasonic cracking device, the sludge cache tank, the paddle type drier, the crusher, the textile industry waste fiber storage bin, the mixing stirrer and the plate press are arranged on the rack; the process for preparing the fiberboard mainly comprises five parts, namely sludge conditioning, sludge impurity removal, sludge rotational flow ultrasonic disintegration and drying, sludge and textile industry waste mixing and compression molding. The invention provides a system and a process for preparing a fiberboard from sludge and textile industry waste, realizes the maximum utilization of resources, better utilizes the resources and provides a new idea for carbon emission reduction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sludge harmless and resource utilization, in particular to a system and a process for preparing a fiberboard from sludge and textile industry waste.
Background
With the rapid development of socioeconomic and the continuous improvement of urbanization level in China, the discharge amount of industrial wastewater and domestic sewage is increased year by year, the yield of dry sludge in the country in 2016 is about 800 ten thousand tons, and the yield is reduced to about 4000 ten thousand tons of dewatered sludge with 80% water content. Compared with the rapid improvement of the sewage treatment rate, the treatment and disposal of the sludge in China are very severe.
How to resource-utilize the sludge with huge yield becomes the key content of sludge treatment and disposal attention in China. Sludge treatment is a series of processes of concentration, conditioning, dehydration, stabilization and the like of sludge, and sludge treatment is the final arrangement of sludge. The complex variability of the sludge structure determines that certain difficulty exists in efficient disposal of the sludge, and the disposal mode of the sludge mainly comprises sanitary landfill, land utilization, building material utilization and incineration.
Landfill is a mature disposal technology, has the advantages of no need of high dehydration (natural drying), less investment, quick effect, large capacity, strong adaptability and the like, is beneficial to popularization, and has a plurality of problems. For example, the land is seriously invaded, and suitable sites are difficult to select; toxic and harmful components can permeate into the ground, and the waste water and odor of the landfill site can cause secondary pollution to underground water, soil and surrounding environment; the nutrient substances contained in the sludge can also cause a large amount of pathogenic bacteria to propagate; the sludge landfill gas is not properly collected, which may cause explosion and the like. Therefore, these problems limit the development of sludge landfills.
The land utilization has the advantages of low energy consumption, low investment, low operating cost and the like, and the treated sludge can be used as a soil conditioner to replace part of artificial fertilizers which are produced by consuming a large amount of energy. However, considering whether the heavy metals in the sludge can cause secondary pollution to soil and crops and then enter human bodies through food chains, whether parasitic ova and virus pathogens in the sludge can influence public environmental sanitation, whether underground water can be polluted and the like, the land utilization of the sludge, particularly the agriculture of the sludge, is controversial.
The anaerobic digestion technology of the sludge has long been used and is widely applied, namely anaerobic biochemical reaction is carried out on the sludge by using anaerobic bacteria and facultative bacteria, and organic matters in the sludge are finally changed into CO2、CH4And water, etc., and CH generated in the process4Can participate in the heating process of anaerobic digestion reaction. The anaerobic digestion treatment process has the advantages of relatively low energy consumption, obvious reduction and high biological stability, and is a sludge treatment process with optimal cost performance. However, the method has many process flows, expensive equipment depends on import, and the generated CH4The potential safety hazard exists, and because the urban sludge in China generally has low organic matter content, high sand content and poor biodegradability of the sludge, the traditional sludge anaerobic digestion process can not be directly applied to obtain good effect.
In contrast, recycling and energy utilization of sludge are the main direction and target of sludge disposal at present. According to the property of the sludge, inorganic impurities in the sludge are removed in a certain proportion, the sludge is dehydrated to a certain water content, and the mixed textile industry waste is pressed to prepare a fiberboard, so that the fiberboard can replace wood and straw pulp medium-density boards in the market and can be widely applied to inner plates of packing boxes of clothes, artware and the like. The method for producing the fiberboard by using the sludge creates an economic and environment-friendly treatment and disposal mode for the disposal of the sludge, thereby not only solving the environmental problem caused by the sludge, but also realizing the regeneration and the utilization of resources.
In the currently published and granted patent (CN103711041A), paper sludge is deodorized and then mixed with waste fibers to obtain a mixed slurry, and then the mixed slurry is subjected to compression molding and finally dried to obtain a fiberboard with certain hardness. In the patent (101949105A) paper sludge paperboard and preparation thereof, a large amount of textile short fibers need to be combined with paper sludge, the treatment cost of the textile short fibers is high, and the treatment cost is obviously increased in the large-scale treatment process. In the patent (CN102493287A), the fiber board is prepared by pretreating textile sludge and fibers to prepare pulp, storing the pulp, dredging the pulp again, making a board, drying and shaping and the like, but the suitability of the sludge containing no fibers is not high. These patents open new ideas and ways for the resource utilization of sludge, have certain efficiency and convenience, but also have some respective disadvantages and shortcomings. For example, the requirements on the types of sludge are strict, the applicability to municipal sludge, industrial sludge or river sludge is not high, certain energy waste is caused, and the treatment cost is increased in the large-scale treatment process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a system and a process for preparing a fiberboard from sludge and textile industry waste, so that the resource is utilized to the maximum extent, the resource is utilized better, and a new idea is provided for carbon emission reduction.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a system for preparing a fiberboard by sludge and textile industry waste comprises a rack, a sludge storage bin, a medicament bin, a conditioning tank, a first closed material conveying bin, an oscillating screen, a magnetic separation system, a rotational flow ultrasonic breaking device, a sludge cache tank, a paddle type drier, a crusher, a textile industry waste fiber storage bin, a mixing stirrer and a plate press, wherein the sludge storage bin, the conditioning tank, the first closed material conveying bin, the oscillating screen, the magnetic separation system, the rotational flow ultrasonic breaking device, the sludge cache tank, the paddle type drier, the crusher, the textile industry waste fiber storage bin, the mixing stirrer and the plate press are arranged on the rack, the sludge storage bin and the medicament bin are both positioned above the conditioning tank and are respectively connected with two feed inlets of the conditioning tank through a valve, a stirring device is arranged in the conditioning tank and is driven by a motor, the motor is arranged above the conditioning tank, a discharge outlet of the conditioning tank is connected with a feed end of the first closed material conveying bin, the sludge and hydrogen peroxide solution are fully mixed and are conveyed to the oscillating screen after conditioning, the vibrating screen is positioned below the discharge end of the first closed material conveying bin, a particle sundry discharge port of the vibrating screen is connected with a sundry collecting box, a sludge outlet of the vibrating screen is connected with a magnetic separation system through a baffle plate, and the screened sludge enters the magnetic separation system, the magnetic separation system comprises a material conveying device, a magnetic separator and a magnetic sundry collecting box, the feed end of the material conveying device is positioned below the sludge outlet of the vibrating screen, the baffle plate is arranged on the feed end of the material conveying device, the discharge end of the material conveying device is provided with the sludge collecting box, the magnetic separator is positioned above the material conveying device, and the magnetic sundry collecting box is positioned below the discharge end of the magnetic separator; the sludge collecting box is connected with the rotational flow ultrasonic cracking device through a first sludge pump, the discharge end of the rotational flow ultrasonic cracking device is connected with the feed inlet of a sludge buffer tank through a second sludge pump, the discharge outlet of the sludge buffer tank is connected with the feed inlet of a paddle type drier through a third sludge pump, the air inlet of the paddle type drier is connected with a steam tank, the discharge outlet of the paddle type drier is connected with the feed end of a first bucket type lifter, the discharge end of the first bucket type lifter is positioned above the feed inlet of a crusher, the discharge outlet of the crusher is connected with the feed end of a second bucket type lifter, the discharge end of the second bucket type lifter is positioned above the feed inlet of a mixing stirrer, the discharge outlet of a textile industry waste fiber storage bin is connected with the feed inlet of the mixing stirrer through a valve, and the sludge subjected to magnetic separation, combined cracking, drying and crushing is mixed with textile industry waste fiber powder in the mixing stirrer, the discharge port of the mixing stirrer is connected with the feed end of the second closed material conveying bin, the discharge end of the second closed material conveying bin is connected with the board pressing machine, and the mixed materials are pressed into a fiberboard through the board pressing machine.
Furthermore, two stages of screening nets are arranged in the oscillating screen separator, and the inclination angle of the screening nets is 30 degrees; the cyclone ultrasonic cracking equipment comprises a cyclone and ultrasonic processing equipment, and the ultrasonic processing equipment is arranged below the cyclone.
A process for preparing a fiberboard from sludge and textile industry waste comprises the following steps:
(1) sludge tempering: the method comprises the following steps that dehydrated sludge with the water content of about 95% firstly enters a sludge storage bin, the sludge is conveyed into a conditioning tank from the sludge storage bin through a conditioning valve, a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 20% -30% is added into the conditioning tank to perform conditioning and sterilization treatment on the sludge for 60min, and the valve is closed when the volume of a mixed solution of the sludge and the hydrogen peroxide solution reaches three-fourths of the volume of the conditioning tank; then a motor arranged above the conditioning tank drives an internal stirring device to stir the mixed liquid of the sludge and the hydrogen peroxide solution for 10min, so that the sludge and the hydrogen peroxide solution are fully mixed; the sludge after the tempering is conveyed to the next processing link by a first closed material conveying bin;
(2) removing impurities from sludge
(3) Sludge rotational flow ultrasonic disintegration and drying: pumping the sludge after impurity removal into a cyclone by a first sludge pump, setting cyclone shearing time of the cyclone at normal pressure to be 5-10min, and feeding the sludge subjected to cyclone shearing treatment into ultrasonic treatment equipment, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 20-40KHz, the power density is 0.01-0.1W/mL, and the treatment time is 10-15 min;
the method comprises the following steps that ultrasonically treated sludge enters a sludge cache tank through a second sludge pump, and then is pumped into an externally heated indirectly heated paddle type dryer through a third sludge pump, wherein the paddle type dryer dries the sludge by using waste steam of a power plant as a heat source, the steam temperature is 150 ℃ and 250 ℃, an intermediate shaft and a paddle of the paddle type dryer are of a hollow structure, the steam enters the shaft and exchanges heat with the inside of the paddle, the intermediate shaft and the paddle continuously rotate to stir the sludge during heat exchange, a heated surface is continuously renovated, and drying efficiency is improved; the flow directions of steam and sludge in the paddle type drier are from left to right, the steam is discharged out of the paddle type drier after heat exchange, and the moisture content of the sludge after drying is 30-40%, and the sludge can be discharged from a discharge hole at the right side of the paddle type drier;
(4) mixing sludge and textile industry waste: dried sludge enters the crusher through a first bucket elevator, a storage bin is arranged in the bucket elevator, the sludge enters the storage bin to avoid slipping, feeding is stopped when the sludge reaches two thirds of the volume of the crusher, and at the moment, a discharge port of the paddle type dryer is closed and the sludge is not conveyed outwards; after crushing, automatically opening a discharge port below the crusher, enabling sludge particles to enter a subsequent mixing stirrer through a second bucket elevator, enabling a textile industry waste fiber storage bin to be arranged above the mixing stirrer, enabling textile industry waste fiber powder to enter the mixing stirrer through a control valve, starting an inner stirring blade of the mixing stirrer to stir the mixed material, wherein the stirring time is 8-10min, and after stirring is completed, automatically opening the discharge port of the mixing stirrer to convey the material to a second closed material conveying bin of a next link;
(5) and (3) pressing and forming: and (3) entering a feeding bin of the plate pressing machine from the second closed material conveying bin, then feeding the materials into a crawler belt below the plate pressing machine through the feeding bin, driving the pressing plate to slowly move downwards by a hydraulic rod above the plate pressing machine, and finally pressing the mixed materials into a fiberboard with the thickness of 5 cm.
Further, the step (1) further comprises the following steps: the volume ratio of the hydrogen peroxide solution to the sludge is controlled by controlling the opening time of the two valves, and the liquid-solid ratio is generally 1: 6.
Still further, the step (2) further comprises the following steps: the sludge impurity removal is divided into the following two parts:
the first part is mainly used for removing large-particle inorganic impurities or flaky impurities in the tempered sludge, firstly, the tempered sludge enters an oscillating screen separator, a primary screening net and a secondary screening net are arranged in the oscillating screen separator, the sludge firstly leaves large-particle substances on the primary screening net through the primary screening net, the sludge screened by the primary screening net enters the secondary screening net to remove other relatively large-size impurities which are not screened, and the large-particle inorganic impurities or flaky impurities enter a impurity collecting box at the lower part under the action of angle inclination and oscillation;
the second part mainly aims at removing magnetic metal substances in sludge, the sludge discharged from the oscillating screen enters a magnetic separation system, the magnetic separator is arranged above the material conveying device and keeps a distance of 10-15cm with the material conveying device, the material conveying device and the conveying devices of the two parts of the magnetic separator rotate in the same direction, the magnetic separator attracts the magnetic substances in the sludge and conveys the magnetic substances to a magnetic impurity collecting box in the rotating process, and the sludge after magnetic removal is conveyed to the sludge collecting box by the material conveying device to finish the removal of the magnetic metal substances.
Further, the step (4) further comprises the following steps: the mixing mass ratio of the waste fiber powder and the sludge in the textile industry is 1:3, and when the volume of the mixing stirrer reaches two thirds, the feeding hole of the mixing stirrer is closed.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the application range of the sludge is wide, and the sludge can be municipal sludge, industrial sludge or river sludge;
(2) the sludge is crushed by using rotational flow ultrasonic cracking equipment, and the floc structure of the sludge is damaged by using ultrasonic equipment, so that the sludge has better fluidity;
(3) the sludge is dried by using waste steam generated by a power plant, so that the waste of the steam is avoided, and the maximum utilization of resources is realized;
(4) the fiberboard is prepared by mixing and pressing the sludge and the textile industry waste, so that resources are better utilized, and a new idea is provided for carbon emission reduction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a system for preparing a fiberboard from sludge and textile industry waste comprises a frame, a sludge storage bin 1 mounted on the frame, a chemical bin 4 for containing hydrogen peroxide solution, a conditioning tank 2, a first closed material conveying bin, an oscillating screen 8, a magnetic separation system, a rotational flow ultrasonic cracking device, a sludge cache tank 21, a paddle type drier 23, a crusher 25, a textile industry waste fiber storage bin 27, a mixing stirrer 28 and a plate press, wherein the sludge storage bin 1 and the chemical bin 4 are both located above the conditioning tank 2 and are respectively connected with two feed inlets of the conditioning tank 2 through a valve, a stirring device is arranged in the conditioning tank 2 and is driven by a motor 5, the motor 5 is mounted above the conditioning tank 2, and a discharge port of the conditioning tank 2 is connected with a feed end of the first closed material conveying bin, the sludge and the hydrogen peroxide solution are fully mixed and are conveyed to an oscillating screen 8 after being modified, the oscillating screen 8 is positioned below the discharge end of a first closed material conveying bin, a particle impurity discharge port of the oscillating screen 8 is connected with an impurity collecting box 12, a sludge outlet of the oscillating screen 8 is connected with a magnetic separation system through a material baffle 13, the screened sludge enters the magnetic separation system, the magnetic separation system comprises a material conveying device 14, a magnetic separator 15 and a magnetic sundry collecting box 16, wherein the feed end of the material conveying device 14 is positioned below the sludge outlet of the oscillating screen 8, a material baffle 13 is arranged on the feed end of the material conveying device 14, the discharge end of the material conveying device 14 is provided with a sludge collecting box 17, the magnetic separator 15 is positioned above the material conveying device 14, and the magnetic sundry collecting box 16 is positioned below the discharge end of the magnetic separator 15; the sludge collection box 17 is connected with the rotational flow ultrasonic cracking equipment through a first sludge pump, the discharge end of the rotational flow ultrasonic cracking equipment is connected with the feed inlet of the sludge cache tank 21 through a second sludge pump, the discharge port of the sludge cache tank 21 is connected with the feed inlet of the paddle type drier 23 through a third sludge pump, the air inlet of the paddle type drier 23 is connected with the steam tank 22, the discharge port of the paddle type drier 23 is connected with the feed end of the first bucket type lifter, the discharge end of the first bucket type lifter is positioned above the feed inlet of the crusher 25, the discharge port of the crusher is connected with the feed end of the second bucket type lifter, the discharge end of the second bucket type lifter is positioned above the feed inlet of the mixing stirrer 28, the discharge port of the textile industry waste fiber storage 27 bin is connected with the feed inlet of the mixing stirrer 28 through a valve 3, and the magnetic separation and the combined cracking are carried out, The dried and crushed sludge and the waste fiber powder in the textile industry are mixed in a mixing stirrer 28, a discharge port of the mixing stirrer 28 is connected with a feed end of a second closed material conveying bin, a discharge end of the second closed material conveying bin is connected with a plate pressing machine, and the mixed material is pressed into a fiber plate through the plate pressing machine.
Further, a two-stage screening net is arranged in the oscillating screen 8, the rotational flow ultrasonic cracking device comprises a rotational flow 19 and an ultrasonic processing device 20, and the ultrasonic processing device 20 is arranged below the rotational flow 19.
As shown in fig. 1, the stirring device includes a stirring shaft and a stirring blade 6, the two-stage sieving net is a first-stage sieving net 9 and a second-stage sieving net 10, the closed material conveying bin 7 includes a first closed material conveying bin and a second closed material conveying bin, the paddle type drying machine 23 includes an outer shell, an intermediate shaft 23-1 and a paddle 23-2 arranged on the intermediate shaft, the intermediate shaft and the paddle are hollow structures, a crushing gear 26 is arranged in the crusher 25, the bucket elevator 24 includes a first bucket elevator and a second bucket elevator, a stirring blade 29 is arranged in the mixing stirrer 28, and the plate pressing machine includes a hydraulic rod 31, a pressing plate 32 and a crawler 33.
The working process of the fiberboard preparation system comprises the following steps:
mud at first gets into mud storage storehouse 1, is carried to quenching and tempering jar 2 in through opening the left valve by the slope pipeline in mud storage storehouse 1, and the hydrogen peroxide solution in medicament storehouse 4 gets into quenching and tempering jar 2 through the regulation of the valve on right side, and quenching and tempering jar 2 outside is equipped with motor 5 and drives inside agitating unit and carry out intensive mixing to mud and hydrogen peroxide solution, dilutes and deodorization to mud. The sludge after the tempering is conveyed into an oscillating screening device 8 by a closed conveying bin 7, and larger impurities in the sludge are removed through a two-stage screening net and enter an impurity collecting box 12. After screening, the sludge enters a magnetic separation system, the magnetic separation system is composed of a material conveying device 14 and a magnetic separator 15, the material conveying device 14 and the magnetic separator 15 rotate in the same direction, and magnetic metal impurities in the sludge can be removed to a magnetic impurity collecting box. The sludge treated by the magnetic separation system is pumped into a rotational flow ultrasonic cracking device by a first sludge pump, and the organic floc structure in the sludge is treated by the combined cracking action of the shearing force of the rotational flow device 19 and the ultrasonic wave of the ultrasonic treatment device 20, so that the cell walls of microorganisms are cracked, extracellular polymers and intracellular organic matters are fully released and transferred to a liquid phase, and finally the fluidity and the dehydration property of the sludge are improved. The treated sludge enters a sludge cache tank 21 through a second sludge pump, and is pumped into a paddle type drier 23 through a third sludge pump, and the drier dries the sludge by waste steam generated by a power plant, generally to a corresponding water content as required. The dried sludge enters a crusher 25 through a first bucket elevator to further crush the sludge, the sludge can enter a storage bin in the bucket elevator, the crushed sludge particles enter a mixing stirrer 28 through a second bucket elevator, a textile industry waste storage bin 27 is arranged at the upper part of the mixing stirrer 28, textile industry waste fiber powder can be added into the mixing stirrer 28, and the sludge particles and the textile industry waste fiber powder and the like are fully mixed through the rotation of a stirring blade 29. And (3) conveying the mixed materials into a plate pressing machine through a closed material conveying bin 7 for pressing to obtain the fiberboard.
The process for preparing the fiberboard mainly comprises five parts, namely sludge conditioning, sludge impurity removal, sludge rotational flow ultrasonic disintegration and drying, sludge and textile industry waste mixing and compression molding.
(5) Sludge tempering: the dewatered sludge with the water content of about 95 percent firstly enters the sludge storage bin 1, the valve 3 is assembled on the right lower pipeline of the sludge storage bin 1, and the sludge can be conveyed to the tempering tank 2 from the sludge storage bin 1 through the adjusting valve 3. The right upper part of the conditioning tank 2 is connected with a medicament bin 4 through a pipeline provided with a valve, and the size of the bin pipeline is the same as that of a sludge storage bin pipeline. The sludge is subjected to conditioning and sterilization treatment for about 60min by adding hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 20-30% into the conditioning tank 2, the volume ratio of the hydrogen peroxide solution to the sludge is controlled by controlling the opening time of the two valves 3, the general liquid-solid ratio can be 1:6, and the valves are closed when the volume of the mixed liquid of the sludge and the hydrogen peroxide solution reaches three-fourths of the volume of the conditioning tank 2. Then a motor 5 arranged above the conditioning tank 2 drives an internal stirring blade 6 to stir the mixed liquid of the sludge and the hydrogen peroxide solution for about 10min, so that the sludge and the hydrogen peroxide solution are fully mixed. The bacteria and microorganisms in the sludge are completely inactivated, the generation of foul gas in the subsequent treatment process is avoided, and extracellular polymers and other substances in the sludge lose the viscosity effect during sterilization, so that the optimal flowing condition is created for the subsequent sand removal and sludge dehydration of the sludge. And conveying the conditioned sludge to the next treatment link by adopting a first closed material conveying bin.
(6) Removing impurities from sludge: the impurity removal of the sludge is divided into the following two parts,
in the impurity removal link, the first part is mainly used for removing large-particle inorganic impurities or flaky impurities in the tempered sludge. Firstly, the tempered sludge enters an oscillating screen 8, a primary screening net 9 and a secondary screening net 10 are arranged in the oscillating screen 8, the inclination angle of the screening nets is 30 degrees, and the oscillating screen is connected with a motor to have an oscillating effect. The sludge firstly passes through the primary screening net 9 to leave large particles on the primary screening net 9, and the sludge screened by the primary screening net 9 enters the secondary screening net 10 to remove other impurities with relatively large sizes which are not screened. The large-particle inorganic impurities or flaky impurities enter the impurity collecting box at the lower part under the action of inclination and oscillation of the angle.
The second part is mainly aimed at removing magnetic metal substances from the sludge. Because some sludge is from industrial sludge, metal waste in the industrial production process is mixed into sewage, so that the sludge contains certain magnetic metal. The sludge from the oscillating screen 8 enters a magnetic separation system, the magnetic separation system comprises a material conveying device 14 and a magnetic separator 15, the magnetic separator 15 is arranged above the material conveying device 14 and keeps a distance of 10-15cm with the material conveying device, the conveying devices of the material conveying device 14 and the magnetic separator 15 rotate in the same direction, and the magnetic separator 15 attracts magnetic substances in the sludge and conveys the magnetic substances to a magnetic impurity collecting box 16 in the rotating process. The demagnetized sludge is conveyed to the sludge collection box 17 by the conveying device of the material conveying device to complete the removal of the magnetic metal substances.
(7) Sludge rotational flow ultrasonic disintegration and drying: the sludge after impurity removal is pumped into a cyclone 19 by a first sludge pump, and the cyclone 19 is arranged under normal pressure for 5-10min in cyclone shearing time. The sludge flocs are cracked by using rotational flow shearing force, so that microbial cell walls in the flocs are cracked and organic substances in the cells are partially released, and the effect of cracking the sludge by using subsequent ultrasonic waves is enhanced. The sludge after the rotational flow shearing treatment enters ultrasonic treatment equipment 20, the ultrasonic frequency is 20-40KHz, the power density is 0.01-0.1W/mL, and the treatment time is 10-15 min. The sludge after the cyclone disruption is treated by the ultrasonic action, the microbial cell walls of the sludge are further disrupted, and the effects of breaking and reducing the sludge, improving the performances of sludge dehydration, flow and the like are achieved.
The sludge after ultrasonic treatment enters a sludge buffer tank 21 through a second sludge pump, and then is pumped into an externally heated indirectly heated paddle type drier 23 through a third sludge pump, wherein the paddle type drier 23 adopts waste steam of a power plant as a heat source to dry the sludge, and the steam temperature is 150-250 ℃. The intermediate shaft 23-1 and the blades 23-2 of the paddle type dryer 23 are of hollow structures, steam enters the shaft and the blades to exchange heat with sludge, the intermediate shaft and the blades continuously rotate to stir the sludge during heat exchange, a heated surface is continuously renewed, and drying efficiency is improved. The flow directions of the steam and the sludge in the paddle type drier 23 are from left to right, the steam is discharged out of the paddle type drier 23 after heat exchange, and the water content of the sludge after drying is 30-40%, and the sludge can be discharged from a discharge hole at the right side of the paddle type drier 23.
(8) Mixing sludge and textile industry waste: dried sludge enters the crusher 25 through the first bucket elevator, a bin is arranged in the bucket elevator 24, the sludge enters the bin to avoid sliding, feeding is stopped when the sludge reaches two thirds of the volume of the crusher 25, and at the moment, a discharge port of the paddle type dryer 23 is closed and does not convey the sludge outwards. Two crushing gears 26 rotating at high speed are arranged in the crusher 25 to crush the sludge, so that the dried sludge is mainly fragmented, the existing particle size of the dried sludge is reduced, and the dried sludge is convenient to mix with fiber powder subsequently. After crushing, a discharge port below the crusher 25 is automatically opened, sludge particles enter a subsequent mixing stirrer through a second bucket elevator, a textile industry waste fiber storage bin 27 is arranged above the mixing stirrer 28, textile industry waste fiber powder enters the mixing stirrer 28 through a control valve 3, the mixing mass ratio of the general textile industry waste fiber powder to the sludge is 1:3, and when the volume of the mixing stirrer 28 reaches two thirds, a feed port of the mixing stirrer 28 is closed. The mixing stirrer 28 starts the stirring blade 29 inside to stir the mixed material, the stirring time is 8-10min, and the tail end of the stirring blade 29 is provided with a hook design, so that the mixed material can be prevented from being adhered to the wall surface of the mixing stirrer 28. After the stirring is finished, the mixing stirrer 28 automatically opens the discharge port to convey the materials to the second closed material conveying bin in the next link.
(5) And (3) pressing and forming: the mixture material output from the mixing and stirring machine 28 enters a feeding bin 30 of the plate pressing machine through a second closed material conveying bin, then the material is fed into a crawler belt 33 below the plate pressing machine through the feeding bin 30, the crawler belt 33 can move back and forth and left and right to prevent the mixture of the sludge and the textile industry waste materials from being accumulated, and the mixture material can also be uniformly paved on the crawler belt 33, wherein the thickness of the mixture material is generally not more than 20 cm. The hydraulic rod 31 above the plate pressing machine drives the pressing plate 32 to slowly move downwards, the pressing plate 32 is made of a steel pressing plate, the mixed material is pressed, and finally the mixed material is pressed into a fiberboard with the thickness of 5 cm.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a system for mud and textile industry waste material preparation fibreboard which characterized in that: the system comprises a rack, a sludge storage bin, a medicament bin, a conditioning tank, a first closed material conveying bin, an oscillating screen, a magnetic separation system, rotational flow ultrasonic breaking equipment, a sludge cache tank, a paddle type drier, a crusher, a textile waste fiber storage bin, a mixing stirrer and a plate pressing machine, wherein the sludge storage bin, the conditioning tank, the paddle type drier, the crusher, the textile waste fiber storage bin, the mixing stirrer and the plate pressing machine are arranged on the rack, the sludge storage bin and the medicament bin are both positioned above the conditioning tank and are respectively connected with two feed inlets of the conditioning tank through a valve, a stirring device is arranged in the conditioning tank and is driven by a motor, the motor is arranged above the conditioning tank, a discharge outlet of the conditioning tank is connected with a feed end of the first closed material conveying bin, the sludge and the hydrogen peroxide solution are fully mixed and are conveyed to the oscillating screen after conditioning, and the oscillating screen is positioned below a discharge, the discharge port of particle sundries of the oscillating screen is connected with a sundry collecting box, the sludge outlet of the oscillating screen is connected with a magnetic separation system through a baffle plate, and the screened sludge enters the magnetic separation system; the sludge collecting box is connected with the rotational flow ultrasonic cracking device through a first sludge pump, the discharge end of the rotational flow ultrasonic cracking device is connected with the feed inlet of a sludge buffer tank through a second sludge pump, the discharge outlet of the sludge buffer tank is connected with the feed inlet of a paddle type drier through a third sludge pump, the air inlet of the paddle type drier is connected with a steam tank, the discharge outlet of the paddle type drier is connected with the feed end of a first bucket type lifter, the discharge end of the first bucket type lifter is positioned above the feed inlet of a crusher, the discharge outlet of the crusher is connected with the feed end of a second bucket type lifter, the discharge end of the second bucket type lifter is positioned above the feed inlet of a mixing stirrer, the discharge outlet of a textile industry waste fiber storage bin is connected with the feed inlet of the mixing stirrer through a valve, and the sludge subjected to magnetic separation, combined cracking, drying and crushing is mixed with textile industry waste fiber powder in the mixing stirrer, the discharge port of the mixing stirrer is connected with the feed end of the second closed material conveying bin, the discharge end of the second closed material conveying bin is connected with the board pressing machine, and the mixed materials are pressed into a fiberboard through the board pressing machine.
2. The system for preparing the fiber board by using the sludge and the textile industry waste material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: two stages of screening nets are arranged in the oscillating screen, and the inclination angle of the screening nets is 30 degrees; the cyclone ultrasonic cracking equipment comprises a cyclone and ultrasonic processing equipment, and the ultrasonic processing equipment is arranged below the cyclone.
3. A systematic process for preparing fiberboard based on the sludge and textile industry waste material of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the process comprises the following steps:
(1) sludge tempering: the method comprises the following steps that dehydrated sludge with the water content of about 95% firstly enters a sludge storage bin, the sludge is conveyed into a conditioning tank from the sludge storage bin through a conditioning valve, a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 20% -30% is added into the conditioning tank to perform conditioning and sterilization treatment on the sludge for 60min, and the valve is closed when the volume of a mixed solution of the sludge and the hydrogen peroxide solution reaches three-fourths of the volume of the conditioning tank; then a motor arranged above the conditioning tank drives an internal stirring device to stir the mixed liquid of the sludge and the hydrogen peroxide solution for 10min, so that the sludge and the hydrogen peroxide solution are fully mixed; the sludge after the tempering is conveyed to the next processing link by a first closed material conveying bin;
(2) removing impurities from sludge
(3) Sludge rotational flow ultrasonic disintegration and drying: pumping the sludge after impurity removal into a cyclone by a first sludge pump, setting cyclone shearing time of the cyclone at normal pressure to be 5-10min, and feeding the sludge subjected to cyclone shearing treatment into ultrasonic treatment equipment, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 20-40KHz, the power density is 0.01-0.1W/mL, and the treatment time is 10-15 min;
the method comprises the following steps that ultrasonically treated sludge enters a sludge cache tank through a second sludge pump, and then is pumped into an externally heated indirectly heated paddle type dryer through a third sludge pump, wherein the paddle type dryer dries the sludge by using waste steam of a power plant as a heat source, the steam temperature is 150 ℃ and 250 ℃, an intermediate shaft and a paddle of the paddle type dryer are of a hollow structure, the steam enters the shaft and exchanges heat with the inside of the paddle, the intermediate shaft and the paddle continuously rotate to stir the sludge during heat exchange, a heated surface is continuously renovated, and drying efficiency is improved; the flow directions of steam and sludge in the paddle type drier are from left to right, the steam is discharged out of the paddle type drier after heat exchange, and the moisture content of the sludge after drying is 30-40%, and the sludge can be discharged from a discharge hole at the right side of the paddle type drier;
(4) mixing sludge and textile industry waste: dried sludge enters the crusher through a first bucket elevator, a storage bin is arranged in the bucket elevator, the sludge enters the storage bin to avoid slipping, feeding is stopped when the sludge reaches two thirds of the volume of the crusher, and at the moment, a discharge port of the paddle type dryer is closed and the sludge is not conveyed outwards; after crushing, automatically opening a discharge port below the crusher, enabling sludge particles to enter a subsequent mixing stirrer through a second bucket elevator, enabling a textile industry waste fiber storage bin to be arranged above the mixing stirrer, enabling textile industry waste fiber powder to enter the mixing stirrer through a control valve, starting an inner stirring blade of the mixing stirrer to stir the mixed material, wherein the stirring time is 8-10min, and after stirring is completed, automatically opening the discharge port of the mixing stirrer to convey the material to a second closed material conveying bin of a next link;
(5) and (3) pressing and forming: and (3) entering a feeding bin of the plate pressing machine from the second closed material conveying bin, then feeding the materials into a crawler belt below the plate pressing machine through the feeding bin, driving the pressing plate to slowly move downwards by a hydraulic rod above the plate pressing machine, and finally pressing the mixed materials into a fiberboard with the thickness of 5 cm.
4. The process for preparing the fiber board by using the sludge and the textile industry waste material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the step (1) further comprises the following steps: the volume ratio of the hydrogen peroxide solution to the sludge is controlled by controlling the opening time of the two valves, and the liquid-solid ratio is generally 1: 6.
5. The process for preparing the fiber board by using the sludge and the textile industry waste material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the step (2) further comprises the following steps: the sludge impurity removal is divided into the following two parts:
the first part is mainly used for removing large-particle inorganic impurities or flaky impurities in the tempered sludge, firstly, the tempered sludge enters an oscillating screen separator, a primary screening net and a secondary screening net are arranged in the oscillating screen separator, the sludge firstly leaves large-particle substances on the primary screening net through the primary screening net, the sludge screened by the primary screening net enters the secondary screening net to remove other relatively large-size impurities which are not screened, and the large-particle inorganic impurities or flaky impurities enter a impurity collecting box at the lower part under the action of angle inclination and oscillation;
the second part mainly aims at removing magnetic metal substances in sludge, the sludge discharged from the oscillating screen enters a magnetic separation system, the magnetic separator is arranged above the material conveying device and keeps a distance of 10-15cm with the material conveying device, the material conveying device and the conveying devices of the two parts of the magnetic separator rotate in the same direction, the magnetic separator attracts the magnetic substances in the sludge and conveys the magnetic substances to a magnetic impurity collecting box in the rotating process, and the sludge after magnetic removal is conveyed to the sludge collecting box by the material conveying device to finish the removal of the magnetic metal substances.
6. The process for preparing the fiber board by using the sludge and the textile industry waste material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the step (4) further comprises the following steps: the mixing mass ratio of the waste fiber powder and the sludge in the textile industry is 1:3, and when the volume of the mixing stirrer reaches two thirds, the feeding hole of the mixing stirrer is closed.
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