CN113337961A - Heat insulation felt for fire-fighting protective clothing and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Heat insulation felt for fire-fighting protective clothing and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113337961A CN113337961A CN202110770455.1A CN202110770455A CN113337961A CN 113337961 A CN113337961 A CN 113337961A CN 202110770455 A CN202110770455 A CN 202110770455A CN 113337961 A CN113337961 A CN 113337961A
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- heat insulation
- felt
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- protective clothing
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43835—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
- D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat insulation felt for fire-fighting protective clothing and a preparation method thereof. The heat insulation felt comprises the following three materials in percentage by weight: 35-60% of pre-oxidized fiber, 10-60% of alpha-hydroxyl acrylic and 5-30% of flame-retardant acrylic. The heat insulation felt is prepared by mixing, opening and carding the three different materials according to a certain weight percentage and then carrying out a spunlace process. The heat insulation felt prepared by the invention has good heat insulation performance, the flame retardant performance is superior to that of a commercially available aramid felt, various test indexes meet the fire-fighting clothing standard (GA10-2014), and the heat insulation felt is simple in production process, very low in price and good in market application and popularization prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fire-fighting products, in particular to a heat insulation felt for fire-fighting protective clothing and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of social economy and urban construction, various fires frequently occur and the rescue difficulty is gradually complicated. The fire-fighting clothing is an important barrier for protecting the life safety of firefighters when encountering various fires, and the improvement of the overall thermal protection performance of the fire-fighting clothing is of great importance. Firefighter uniform is generally composed of multiple layers of fabric, from outside to inside: outer layer, waterproof ventilative layer, insulating layer and comfortable layer. The fire scene generally has strong heat conduction, heat convection and heat radiation, and the heat insulation layer is used as a heat protection material and is arranged between a heat source and human skin, so that the damage of high temperature and radiant heat generated by the heat source to the human body can be reduced to the minimum, and the heat insulation layer plays an important role in the comprehensive heat protection performance of the firefighter uniform, and therefore the fire-fighting uniform has good heat protection performance, such as flame retardance, heat insulation, thermal stability and the like. The literature mentions that fire-fighting suit thermal insulation layers often use flame-retardant cotton fibers, aramid fibers, polysulfonamide fibers, polyester amide fibers, polyimide fibers (PI), carbon fibers, flame-retardant viscose, or the like. At present, aramid fibers 1313 and aramid fibers 1414 are commonly blended in the heat insulation felt in the market, and although the requirement of a fire-fighting suit heat insulation layer can be met, the cost is high, for example, the price of the aramid fibers 1313 is about 130 yuan/kg, and the price of the aramid fibers 1414 is about 300 yuan/kg; the heat insulation layer researched by Jiayannan uses polysulfonamide fiber with low price, but the spinnability of polysulfonamide is poor, so that the polysulfonamide fiber still needs to be blended with aramid fiber 1313 and aramid fiber 1414 to improve the uniformity of the product, and the cost is still high; the heat insulation layer made of carbon fiber or flame-retardant viscose has large weight and poor heat insulation effect, and can greatly reduce the rescue efficiency of firemen and even harm the life safety of the firemen.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the heat insulation felt for the fire-fighting protective clothing and the preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the design is a heat insulation felt for fire-fighting protective clothing, which is characterized in that the three materials and the weight percentage of the three materials forming the heat insulation felt are as follows: 35-60% of pre-oxidized fiber, 10-60% of alpha-hydroxyl acrylic and 5-30% of flame-retardant acrylic.
Further, the invention designs a preparation method of a heat insulation felt for fire-fighting protective clothing, which is characterized in that the method adopts the three materials and the weight percentage thereof, and adopts the following specific steps:
step 1: opening or shredding
Respectively opening the three fiber materials, wherein the cotton feeding linear speed is 0.96m/min, and the cylinder rotating speed is 837r/min, so that large fiber blocks are gradually loosened into small fiber bundles; and sequentially spreading and flatly paving the opened three fibers from bottom to top, placing the fibers on an opener in a stacking mode, and opening for 2 times.
Step 2: carding machine
And feeding the opened material into a carding machine for carding twice, wherein the first time is carding at a feeding angle, and the second time is carding by integrally horizontally rotating for 90 degrees at the feeding angle during the first time, so as to form a fiber felt.
And step 3: spunlace
The carded fiber felt is placed on a spunlace machine, and the front surface and the back surface of the fiber felt are respectively subjected to 2 spunlace treatments under different spunlace pressures in a mode of matching a water needle of a spunlace head with a water needle plate.
And 4, step 4: drying and rolling
And drying the fiber felt subjected to the spunlace treatment at 100 ℃, and calendering the fiber felt by using a hot rolling mill to obtain the heat insulation felt for the fire-fighting protective clothing.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the heat insulation felt prepared by the invention has good heat insulation performance, and the flame retardant property is superior to that of the aramid felt sold in the market: the heat conductivity coefficient of the commercial aramid fiber felt is 0.051W/m.K, the heat conductivity coefficient of the self-made heat insulation felt is close to that of the commercial aramid fiber felt, and the gram weight of the self-made heat insulation felt is 120g/m2The thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.047-0.056W/m.K, which shows that the self-made heat insulation felt has the heat insulation performance similar to the commercially available aramid felt; the limit oxygen index of the self-made heat insulation felt is higher than 30 percent, while the limit oxygen index of the commercially available aramid fiber felt is 28.5 percent; after vertical burning test, self-madeThe damage length of the heat insulation felt is less than 50mm, the damage length of the aramid fiber felt sold in the market reaches 75mm, and although the damage length of the aramid fiber felt meets the fire-fighting suit standard (GA10-2014), the self-made heat insulation felt has more excellent flame retardant property; through a thermal stability test, the shrinkage rate of the self-made heat insulation layer is less than 10%; the shrinkage is less than 5 percent, meets the fire-fighting clothing standard (GA10-2014), has simple production process and very low price, and has good market application and popularization prospect.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
The invention provides a heat insulation felt for fire-fighting protective clothing, which comprises the following three materials in percentage by weight: 35-60% of pre-oxidized fiber (polyacrylonitrile pre-oxidized fiber), 10-60% of antofilan (polyphenylene sulfide fiber) and 5-30% of flame-retardant acrylic fiber.
The linear density of the pre-oxidized fiber is 1.7D, and the length of the pre-oxidized fiber is 51 mm; the linear density of the Ampilan is 1.6D, and the length of the Ampilan is 51 mm; the linear density of the flame-retardant acrylic fibers was 6.5D, and the length was 51 mm.
Further, the invention provides a preparation method of a heat insulation felt for fire-fighting protective clothing, which is characterized in that the method adopts the three materials and the weight percentage thereof, and adopts the following specific steps:
step 1: opening or shredding
Respectively opening the three fiber materials, wherein the cotton feeding linear speed is 0.96m/min, and the cylinder rotating speed is 837r/min, so that large fiber blocks are gradually loosened into small fiber bundles; and sequentially spreading and flatly paving the opened three fibers from bottom to top, placing the fibers on an opener in a stacking mode, and opening for 2 times.
Step 2: carding machine
And feeding the opened material into a carding machine for carding twice, wherein the first time is carding at a feeding angle, and the second time is carding by integrally horizontally rotating for 90 degrees at the feeding angle during the first time, so as to form a fiber felt.
And step 3: spunlace
And (3) placing the carded fiber felt on a spunlace machine, and carrying out 2 spunlace treatments on the front surface and the back surface of the fiber felt in a way that a water needle plate of a spunlace head is matched with the water needle plate with the diameter of 0.15mm and the pitch of the needle holes of 0.4mm, wherein the orifice type of the water needle hole is conical, and the spunlace pressure is respectively 9MPa and 10 MPa.
And 4, step 4: drying and rolling
And drying the fiber felt subjected to the spunlace treatment at 100 ℃, and calendering the fiber felt by using a hot rolling mill to obtain the heat insulation felt for the fire-fighting protective clothing.
Example 1
This embodiment provides a thermal insulation felt for fire-fighting protective clothing, and the grammage of this thermal insulation felt is 120g/m2The three materials for forming the heat insulation felt and the weight percentage thereof are as follows: pre-oxidation wire: 35%, amfillon: 60 percent, flame-retardant acrylic fiber: 5 percent;
further, the embodiment provides a preparation method of a heat insulation felt for fire-fighting protective clothing, which is characterized in that the method adopts the three materials and the weight percentages thereof, and adopts the following specific steps:
step 1: opening or shredding
Respectively opening the three fiber materials, wherein the cotton feeding linear speed is 0.96m/min, and the cylinder rotating speed is 837r/min, so that large fiber blocks are gradually loosened into small fiber bundles; and sequentially spreading and flatly paving the opened three fibers from bottom to top, placing the fibers on an opener in a stacking mode, and opening for 2 times.
Step 2: carding machine
And feeding the opened material into a carding machine for carding twice, wherein the first time is carding at a feeding angle, and the second time is carding by integrally horizontally rotating for 90 degrees at the feeding angle during the first time, so as to form a fiber felt.
And step 3: spunlace
And (3) placing the carded fiber felt on a spunlace machine, and carrying out 2 spunlace treatments on the front surface and the back surface of the fiber felt in a way that a water needle plate of a spunlace head is matched with the water needle plate with the diameter of 0.15mm and the pitch of the needle holes of 0.4mm, wherein the orifice type of the water needle hole is conical, and the spunlace pressure is respectively 9MPa and 10 MPa.
And 4, step 4: drying and rolling
And drying the fiber felt subjected to the spunlace treatment at 100 ℃, and calendering the fiber felt by using a hot rolling mill to obtain the heat insulation felt for the fire-fighting protective clothing.
After a vertical combustion test, the transverse, longitudinal after-combustion and smoldering time of the heat insulation felt are all 0 s; the transverse damage length is 17mm, the longitudinal damage length is 23mm, and no melting and dripping phenomena occur in the combustion process; all meet the standard of fire-fighting clothing; the thermal conductivity is only 0.0515W/m.K, and the heat insulation performance is good; the air permeability is 1995mm/s, and the heat insulation felt has excellent air permeability; after the thermal stability test, the longitudinal shrinkage of the heat insulation felt is 2.8 percent, the transverse shrinkage is 1.8 percent and is far less than 10 percent, namely the standard of fire-extinguishing protective clothing for firemen; the longitudinal shrinkage rate of the heat insulation felt is 0.95%, the transverse shrinkage rate is 0, and the fire-extinguishing protective clothing meets the standard of fire-fighting protective clothing for firemen.
Example 2
This embodiment provides a thermal insulation felt for fire-fighting protective clothing, and the grammage of this thermal insulation felt is 120g/m2The three materials for forming the heat insulation felt and the weight percentage thereof are as follows: pre-oxidation wire: 45%, amfillon: 40 percent, flame-retardant acrylic fiber: 15 percent;
further, the embodiment provides a preparation method of a heat insulation felt for fire-fighting protective clothing, which is characterized in that the method adopts the three materials and the weight percentages thereof, and adopts the following specific steps:
step 1: opening or shredding
Respectively opening the three fiber materials, wherein the cotton feeding linear speed is 0.96m/min, and the cylinder rotating speed is 837r/min, so that large fiber blocks are gradually loosened into small fiber bundles; and sequentially spreading and flatly paving the opened three fibers from bottom to top, placing the fibers on an opener in a stacking mode, and opening for 2 times.
Step 2: carding machine
And feeding the opened material into a carding machine for carding twice, wherein the first time is carding at a feeding angle, and the second time is carding by integrally horizontally rotating for 90 degrees at the feeding angle during the first time, so as to form a fiber felt.
And step 3: spunlace
And (3) placing the carded fiber felt on a spunlace machine, and carrying out 2 spunlace treatments on the front surface and the back surface of the fiber felt in a way that a water needle plate of a spunlace head is matched with the water needle plate with the diameter of 0.15mm and the pitch of the needle holes of 0.4mm, wherein the orifice type of the water needle hole is conical, and the spunlace pressure is respectively 9MPa and 10 MPa.
And 4, step 4: drying and rolling
And drying the fiber felt subjected to the spunlace treatment at 100 ℃, and calendering the fiber felt by using a hot rolling mill to obtain the heat insulation felt for the fire-fighting protective clothing.
After a vertical combustion test, the transverse afterflame time of the heat insulation felt is 0s, and the smoldering time is 1 s; the longitudinal continuous combustion time is 0s, and the smoldering time is 2 s; the transverse damage length is 24mm, the longitudinal damage length is 35mm, and no melting and dripping phenomena occur in the combustion process; all meet the standard of fire-fighting clothing; the heat conductivity is only 0.0561W/m.K, and the heat insulation performance is good; the air permeability is 2245mm/s, and the heat insulation felt has excellent air permeability; after the thermal stability test, the longitudinal shrinkage of the heat insulation felt is 2.7 percent, the transverse shrinkage is 3.6 percent and is far less than 10 percent, namely the standard of fire-extinguishing protective clothing for firemen; the longitudinal shrinkage rate of the heat insulation felt is 1.16%, the transverse shrinkage rate is 0, and the fire-extinguishing protective clothing meets the standard of fire-fighting protective clothing for firemen.
Example 3
This embodiment provides a thermal insulation felt for fire-fighting protective clothing, and the grammage of this thermal insulation felt is 120g/m2The three materials for forming the heat insulation felt and the weight percentage thereof are as follows: pre-oxidation wire: 55%, amfillon: 20%, flame-retardant acrylic fiber: 25 percent;
further, the embodiment provides a preparation method of a heat insulation felt for fire-fighting protective clothing, which is characterized in that the method adopts the three materials and the weight percentages thereof, and adopts the following specific steps:
step 1: opening or shredding
Respectively opening the three fiber materials, wherein the cotton feeding linear speed is 0.96m/min, and the cylinder rotating speed is 837r/min, so that large fiber blocks are gradually loosened into small fiber bundles; and sequentially spreading and flatly paving the opened three fibers from bottom to top, placing the fibers on an opener in a stacking mode, and opening for 2 times.
Step 2: carding machine
And feeding the opened material into a carding machine for carding twice, wherein the first time is carding at a feeding angle, and the second time is carding by integrally horizontally rotating for 90 degrees at the feeding angle during the first time, so as to form a fiber felt.
And step 3: spunlace
And (3) placing the carded fiber felt on a spunlace machine, and carrying out 2 spunlace treatments on the front surface and the back surface of the fiber felt in a way that a water needle plate of a spunlace head is matched with the water needle plate with the diameter of 0.15mm and the pitch of the needle holes of 0.4mm, wherein the orifice type of the water needle hole is conical, and the spunlace pressure is respectively 9MPa and 10 MPa.
And 4, step 4: drying and rolling
And drying the fiber felt subjected to the spunlace treatment at 100 ℃, and calendering the fiber felt by using a hot rolling mill to obtain the heat insulation felt for the fire-fighting protective clothing.
After a vertical combustion test, the transverse after-burning time of the heat-insulating felt is 0s, the smoldering time is 2s, the longitudinal after-burning time is 0s, and the smoldering time is only 2.5 s; the transverse damage length is 29mm, the longitudinal damage length is 34mm, and no melting or dripping phenomenon exists in the combustion process; all meet the standard of fire-fighting clothing; the heat conductivity is only 0.0546W/m.K, and the heat insulation performance is good; the air permeability is 2338mm/s, and the heat insulation felt has excellent air permeability; after the thermal stability test, the longitudinal shrinkage of the heat insulation felt is 5.9 percent, the transverse shrinkage is 7.2 percent and is less than 10 percent, namely the standard of fire-extinguishing protective clothing for firemen; the longitudinal shrinkage rate of the heat insulation felt is 1.11%, the transverse shrinkage rate is 0, and the fire-extinguishing protective clothing meets the standard of fire-fighting protective clothing for firemen.
Nothing in this specification is said to apply to the prior art.
Claims (7)
1. The heat insulation felt for the fire-fighting protective clothing is characterized by comprising the following three materials in percentage by weight: 35-60% of pre-oxidized fiber, 10-60% of alpha-hydroxyl acrylic and 5-30% of flame-retardant acrylic.
2. A thermal insulation blanket for fire fighting protective clothing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pre-oxidized fiber has a linear density of 1.7D and a length of 51 mm.
3. The thermal insulation felt for fire-fighting protective clothing according to claim 1, wherein the linear density of the Achelon is 1.6D, and the length of the Achelon is 51 mm.
4. The heat insulation felt for fire-fighting protective clothing according to claim 1, wherein the flame retardant acrylic fiber has a linear density of 6.5D and a length of 51 mm.
5. A method for preparing a heat insulation felt for fire-fighting protective clothing, which is characterized in that the method adopts the three materials and the weight percentage thereof as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, and adopts the following specific steps:
step 1: opening or shredding
Respectively opening the three fiber materials, wherein the cotton feeding linear speed is 0.96m/min, and the cylinder rotating speed is 837r/min, so that large fiber blocks are gradually loosened into small fiber bundles; and sequentially spreading and flatly paving the opened three fibers from bottom to top, placing the fibers on an opener in a stacking mode, and opening for 2 times.
Step 2: carding machine
And feeding the opened material into a carding machine for carding twice, wherein the first time is carding at a feeding angle, and the second time is carding by integrally horizontally rotating for 90 degrees at the feeding angle during the first time, so as to form a fiber felt.
And step 3: spunlace
The carded fiber felt is placed on a spunlace machine, and the front surface and the back surface of the fiber felt are respectively subjected to 2 spunlace treatments under different spunlace pressures in a mode of matching a water needle of a spunlace head with a water needle plate.
And 4, step 4: drying and rolling
And drying the fiber felt subjected to the spunlace treatment at 100 ℃, and calendering the fiber felt by using a hot rolling mill to obtain the heat insulation felt for the fire-fighting protective clothing.
6. The method for preparing the thermal insulation felt for the fire-fighting protective clothing according to claim 5, wherein the diameter of the water needle head is 0.15mm and the pitch of the water needle plate is 0.4mm in the water needle process.
7. The preparation method of the heat insulation felt for the fire-fighting protective clothing, as recited in claim 5, wherein the two water punching processes respectively have water punching pressures of 9MPa and 10 MPa.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110770455.1A CN113337961A (en) | 2021-07-09 | 2021-07-09 | Heat insulation felt for fire-fighting protective clothing and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110770455.1A CN113337961A (en) | 2021-07-09 | 2021-07-09 | Heat insulation felt for fire-fighting protective clothing and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113337961A true CN113337961A (en) | 2021-09-03 |
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| CN111394886A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-07-10 | 常熟市宏远无纺制品有限公司 | Non-woven fabric processing technology and processing equipment thereof |
| CN111772255A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-10-16 | 应急管理部天津消防研究所 | Fire-fighting protective clothing with anti-icing and warm-keeping performances for firemen |
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2021
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| US6521373B1 (en) * | 1999-08-27 | 2003-02-18 | Toshiba Battery Co., Ltd. | Flat non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell |
| CN1762697A (en) * | 2005-11-11 | 2006-04-26 | 北京英特莱特种纺织有限公司 | Environment-friendly covering-yarn face fabric for heat-insulation suit |
| CN101220899A (en) * | 2008-01-10 | 2008-07-16 | 绍兴市恒盛新材料技术发展有限公司 | Aramid fiber fire-resistant and heat-insulation material for fire suit and its processing technique |
| CN202319169U (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2012-07-11 | 北京英特莱科技有限公司 | Protective clothes fabric capable of producing air heat insulation layer |
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