CN113337763B - Al-Mg-Zn-Zr aluminum extruded section and production process thereof - Google Patents
Al-Mg-Zn-Zr aluminum extruded section and production process thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an Al-Mg-Zn-Zr aluminum extruded section and a production process thereof, and relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy. The invention discloses an Al-Mg-Zn-Zr aluminum extrusion section, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: zn5.0-6.5%, mg0.6-2.6%, zr0.1-0.2%, ti0.01-0.06%, cu less than 0.05%, mn less than or equal to 0.05%, cr less than or equal to 0.10%, fe less than 0.1%, S i less than 0.05%, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities; the production process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of material mixing, aluminum bar smelting, homogenization treatment, extrusion forming, aging treatment and the like. The aluminum extruded section provided by the invention has high comprehensive performance, namely high strength, excellent stress cracking resistance, corrosion resistance and extrusion processing performance, improves the production efficiency and reduces the production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy, and particularly relates to an Al-Mg-Zn-Zr aluminum extruded section and a production process thereof.
Background
In order to obtain higher mechanical property, the content of alloy elements such as zinc, magnesium and the like in alloy components is improved in the existing 7-series aluminum alloy, so that the extrusion processing performance of the 7-series aluminum alloy is poorer than that of pure aluminum and 6-series aluminum, the extrusion speed is extremely slow in the extrusion forming process, the production efficiency is too low, the extrusion defects such as obvious stripes, fine and rough surfaces, cracking and the like are very easy to occur, the production efficiency is very low, the yield is low, and the production cost is higher. In the processing process, the reasonable deformation temperature and the proper deformation window of the 7-series aluminum alloy are narrow, and the main reason for limiting the lower cost is also the reason. As the 7-series aluminum alloy is mainly applied to important industrial fields of aerospace, national defense and military industry, transportation, electronics, electrics, computers, mobile phones and the like, the service conditions are relatively harsh, the high requirements are provided for the comprehensive properties of the aluminum alloy, such as strength, toughness, stress corrosion resistance and the like, and the aluminum alloy also requires good anodic oxidation performance, so that a smooth, thin and uniform surface can be made. Therefore, the current research on 7-series aluminum alloys includes: 1. optimizing alloy elements; 2. optimizing a metallurgical process; 3. optimizing an aging process; 4. shortening the production process flow and the like. On the basis of carrying out improvement research on 7 series traditional alloys, the core of the patent lies in that through optimizing the components of alloy elements, a proper smelting, casting, extruding and heat treatment process is found, and the problem that the production efficiency of 7 series high-strength alloys is low and the production cost is high is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an Al-Mg-Zn-Zr aluminum extruded section and a production process thereof, which have high comprehensive performance, namely high strength, excellent stress cracking resistance, corrosion resistance and extrusion processing performance, improve the production efficiency and reduce the production cost.
In order to realize the aim of the invention, the invention provides an Al-Mg-Zn-Zr fine grain structure aluminum extruded section, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: zn5.0-6.5%, mg 0.6-2.6%, zr 0.1-0.2%, ti 0.01-0.06%, cu less than 0.05%, mn less than or equal to 0.05%, cr less than or equal to 0.10%, fe less than 0.1%, si less than 0.05%, and the balance Al and inevitable impurities.
The production process of the Al-Mg-Zn-Zr aluminum extruded section comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing materials: weighing the required raw materials of the aluminum extruded section according to the mass percentage.
(2) Smelting an aluminum bar: adding the weighed raw materials into a smelting furnace, smelting at the temperature of 740-760 ℃, preserving heat for 0.5-1.0 h, removing floating slag on the surface, casting at the temperature of 710-720 ℃, carrying out on-line dehydrogenation on filtrate in Haidelu vacuum through a launder, filtering through a ceramic plate, and carrying out hot top disc casting to obtain the aluminum bar.
(3) Homogenizing: after hot top casting, removing heads and tails of aluminum bars according to the technological requirements, carrying out homogenization treatment, wherein the homogenization temperature is 460-490 ℃, preserving heat for 16-20 h, spraying water mist to cool the aluminum bars to 350-300 ℃ after the aluminum bars are homogenized, and then air cooling the aluminum bars to normal temperature to obtain homogenized aluminum bars.
(4) Extrusion molding: cutting the homogenized aluminum bar into required short aluminum bars, and heating the aluminum bars at a gradient temperature by adopting a gas type single-bar furnace, wherein the temperature difference between the front end and the rear end is 20 ℃, the temperature of the tail part of the aluminum bar is 460-490 ℃, and the temperature of the head part of the aluminum bar is 480-500 ℃. And discharging the heated aluminum bar out of the furnace, thermally scalping the aluminum bar by a thermal scalping machine, removing about 1.5-3mm of segregation layer on each side of the aluminum bar, and then sending the aluminum bar into a die of an extruder for extrusion. And (3) at the outlet of the extruder, setting a water-cooling drainage groove at a position away from a discharge port of the die (not more than one meter away from the discharge port of the die), performing first-step quick cooling on the high-temperature aluminum material, enabling the high-temperature aluminum material to penetrate into a water cooling tank immediately, ensuring that the water temperature is not more than 30 ℃, ensuring large-flow water circulation, quickly cooling the high-temperature aluminum material in the water tank to the water temperature, and preventing the high-temperature tissue from recrystallizing and growing up. And (3) stretching the cooled aluminum material by a sliding-out table and a cooling bed, adopting an elongation of 0.5-2%, removing residual stress, and then sawing to obtain the aluminum alloy base material.
(5) Aging treatment: RAA treatment is carried out on the aluminum alloy base material, and the aging treatment system is first-stage 120 ℃ multiplied by 24-48 h preaging; the second-stage 200 ℃ multiplied (8-10 min) regression treatment causes intermittent and coarse particles to appear in the grain boundary, but the dissolution of the intragranular transition phase reduces the alloy strength; the third level is 120 ℃ multiplied by (24-36 h), fine semi-coherent disperse phases are precipitated in the crystal grains, and the crystal grain boundaries are discontinuous non-coherent phases, so that the RRA integrates the advantages of peak value and overaging, the obtained alloy has high strength and good SCC, and the aluminum extruded section is prepared by the process.
Further, in the extrusion process of the step (4), the hot extrusion temperature is 460-480 ℃, the extrusion rate is 3-12 m/min, and the outlet temperature of the extruder is 480-500 ℃.
Further, the RAA treatment process in step (5) is as follows: the first stage is preaging at 120 ℃ for 24h, the second stage is regression treatment at 200 ℃ for 8min, and the third stage is regression treatment at 120 ℃ for 24h.
The invention achieves the following beneficial effects:
1. on the basis of the traditional 7-series alloy process, the invention optimizes the alloy components: the high zinc-magnesium alloy content is adopted, and the use of copper element is reduced, so that the alloy has higher strength and lower cost compared with the similar alloy.
2. The invention increases the use of a small amount of zirconium element under the condition of higher zinc-magnesium alloy elements, improves the recrystallization temperature and the hardenability of the alloy, so that on an extrusion production line, an on-line quenching mode can be adopted, the recrystallization structure is cooled in time at high temperature under the condition of higher extrusion temperature, crystal grains do not grow up, and the fine crystal structure is obtained while the production cost is reduced. In addition, the process flow is shortened, and the production cost is saved.
3. The invention adopts RRA heat treatment process, integrates the advantages of peak value and overaging, and the obtained alloy has high strength and good SCC.
4. The invention strictly controls the content of the iron and silicon elements in the alloy and obviously improves the fracture toughness of the high alloy.
5. The aluminum alloy material provided by the invention is easy in process operation, shortens the production flow, has excellent hot-working performance, high comprehensive performance, low production cost and wide application range, and is worthy of popularization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural view of an aluminum bar cast according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structure view of the homogenized aluminum bar of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a structure diagram after extrusion molding in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The Al-Mg-Zn-Zr aluminum extrudate and the production process of the present invention will be described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The production process of the Al-Mg-Zn-Zr aluminum extruded section comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing materials: weighing the required alloy components of the aluminum extruded section according to the mass percentage, wherein the alloy components comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 6.2 percent of Zn, 2.3 percent of Mg2.18 percent of Zr0.18 percent of Ti0.01 to 0.06 percent of TiAl, less than 0.05 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Cr, less than 0.1 percent of Fe, less than 0.05 percent of Si, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
(2) Smelting an aluminum bar: adding the weighed raw materials into a smelting furnace, smelting at the temperature of 740-760 ℃, preserving heat for 0.5-1.0 h, removing floating slag on the surface, casting at the temperature of 710-720 ℃, carrying out online dehydrogenation on aluminum liquid in a vacuum environment (Haide Lu Zhenkong) through a launder, filtering through a ceramic plate, and carrying out hot top disc casting to obtain the aluminum bar. As shown in FIG. 1, the aluminum bar cast structure diagram is shown.
(3) Homogenizing: after hot top casting, removing heads and tails of aluminum bars according to the technological requirements, carrying out homogenization treatment, wherein the homogenization temperature is 460-490 ℃, keeping the temperature for 16-20 h, spraying water mist to cool the aluminum bars to 300-350 ℃ after the aluminum bars are homogenized, and then air cooling the aluminum bars to normal temperature to obtain homogenized aluminum bars. FIG. 2 shows the structure of the homogenized aluminum bar.
(4) Extrusion molding: cutting the homogenized aluminum bar into required short aluminum bars, and heating the aluminum bars at a gradient temperature by adopting a gas type single-bar furnace, wherein the temperature difference between the front end and the rear end is 20 ℃, the temperature of the tail part of the aluminum bar is 460-490 ℃, and the temperature of the head part of the aluminum bar is 480-500 ℃. And (3) discharging the heated aluminum bar out of the furnace, thermally scalping the aluminum bar by a thermal scalping machine, removing about 1.5-3mm of segregation layer on each side, and then sending the aluminum bar into a die of an extruder for extrusion, wherein the extrusion speed is 3-12 m/min, the thermal extrusion temperature is ensured to be 460-480 ℃, and the outlet temperature of the extruder is kept between 480-500 ℃. And (3) at the outlet of the extruder, setting a water-cooling drainage groove at a position away from a discharge port of the die (not more than one meter away from the discharge port of the die), performing first-step quick cooling on the high-temperature aluminum material, enabling the high-temperature aluminum material to penetrate into a water cooling tank immediately, ensuring that the water temperature is not more than 30 ℃, ensuring large-flow water circulation, quickly cooling the high-temperature aluminum material in the water tank to the water temperature, and preventing the high-temperature tissue from recrystallizing and growing up. And (3) stretching the cooled aluminum material by a sliding-out table and a cooling bed, adopting an elongation of 0.5-2%, removing residual stress, and then sawing to obtain the aluminum alloy base material. As shown in FIG. 3, the microstructure of the aluminum alloy substrate after extrusion molding is shown.
(5) Aging treatment: RRA treatment is carried out on the aluminum alloy base material, and the aging treatment system is first-stage 120 ℃ multiplied by 24h pre-aging; the second stage is regression treatment at 200 ℃ for 8min, and discontinuous coarse particles appear in the grain boundary, but the dissolution of the intragranular transition phase reduces the alloy strength; the third pole is 120 ℃ multiplied by 24h, fine semi-coherent disperse phases are precipitated in the crystal, and the crystal boundary is still an intermittent non-coherent phase, so that the RRA integrates the advantages of peak value and overaging, and the obtained alloy has high strength and good SCC. An aluminum extruded profile is produced by this process.
The mechanical properties of the aluminum extruded profile are as follows: tensile strength 506MPa, yield strength 484MPa, elongation 14.4 percent and hardness 152HV.
As can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 3, the aluminum bar of this example has undergone reasonable homogenization treatment to obtain a structure with very small segregation, and after extrusion molding, a uniform and fine recrystallized structure is obtained.
Comparing the corrosion resistance of the aluminum extruded section prepared in the embodiment 1 with that of the 7055 alloy which is commercially available in a comparative example, it can be seen that few peeling and corrosion pits occur in the spalling corrosion test, and the 7055 alloy surface has a serious delamination phenomenon. Correspondingly, the 7055 alloy has obviously excellent intergranular corrosion resistance.
Example 2
The production process of the Al-Mg-Zn-Zr aluminum extruded section comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing materials: weighing the required alloy components of the aluminum extruded section according to the mass percentage, wherein the alloy components comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 6.1 percent of Zn, 0.85 percent of Mg0.85 percent of Zr0.15 percent of Ti0.01 to 0.06 percent of TiB, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Cr, less than 0.1 percent of Fe, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
(2) Smelting an aluminum bar: adding the weighed raw materials into a smelting furnace, smelting at the temperature of 740-760 ℃, preserving heat for 0.5-1.0 h, removing floating slag on the surface, casting at the temperature of 710-720 ℃, carrying out on-line dehydrogenation on aluminum liquid in Haidelu vacuum through a launder, filtering through a ceramic plate, and carrying out hot top disc casting to obtain the aluminum rod.
(3) Homogenizing: after hot top casting, removing heads and tails of aluminum bars according to the technological requirements, carrying out homogenization treatment, wherein the homogenization temperature is 460-490 ℃, preserving heat for 16-20 h, spraying water mist to cool the aluminum bars to 300-350 ℃ after the aluminum bars are homogenized, and then carrying out air cooling to normal temperature to obtain homogenized aluminum bars.
(4) Extrusion molding: cutting the homogenized aluminum bar into required short aluminum bars, and heating the aluminum bars at a gradient temperature by adopting a gas type single-bar furnace, wherein the temperature difference between the front end and the rear end is 20 ℃, the temperature of the tail part of the aluminum bar is 460-490 ℃, and the temperature of the head part of the aluminum bar is 480-500 ℃. And (3) discharging the heated aluminum bar out of the furnace, thermally scalping the aluminum bar by a thermal scalping machine, removing about 1.5-3mm of segregation layer on each side, and then sending the aluminum bar into a die of an extruder for extrusion, wherein the thermal extrusion temperature is ensured to be 460-480 ℃, and the outlet temperature of the extruder is kept between 480-500 ℃. And (3) at the outlet of the extruder, setting a water-cooling drainage groove at a position away from a discharge port of the die (not more than one meter away from the discharge port of the die), performing first-step quick cooling on the high-temperature aluminum material, enabling the high-temperature aluminum material to penetrate into a water cooling tank immediately, ensuring that the water temperature is not more than 30 ℃, ensuring large-flow water circulation, quickly cooling the high-temperature aluminum material in the water tank to the water temperature, and preventing the high-temperature tissue from recrystallizing and growing up. And (3) stretching the cooled aluminum material by a sliding-out table and a cooling bed, adopting an elongation of 0.5-2%, removing residual stress, and then sawing to obtain the aluminum alloy base material.
(5) Aging treatment: RRA treatment is carried out on the aluminum alloy base material, and the aging treatment system is first-stage 120 ℃ multiplied by 48h pre-aging; the second stage is regression treatment at 200 ℃ for 8min, and discontinuous coarse particles appear in the grain boundary, but the dissolution of the intragranular transition phase reduces the alloy strength; the third pole is 120 ℃ multiplied by 24h, fine semi-coherent disperse phases are precipitated in the crystal, and the crystal boundary is still an intermittent non-coherent phase, so that the RRA integrates the advantages of peak value and overaging, and the obtained alloy has high strength and good SCC. An aluminum extruded profile is produced by this process.
The mechanical properties of the aluminum extruded profile are as follows: the tensile strength is 350MPa, the yield strength is 320MPa, the elongation is 20 percent, and the extrusion speed can reach 11mm/s.
Example 3
The production process of the Al-Mg-Zn-Zr aluminum extruded section comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing materials: weighing the required alloy components of the aluminum extruded section according to the mass percentage, wherein the alloy components comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 5.8 percent of Zn, 2.0 percent of Mg2.0 percent, 0.10 percent of Zr0.01 to 0.06 percent of Ti0.1 percent of Fe, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
(2) Smelting an aluminum bar: adding the weighed raw materials into a smelting furnace, smelting at the temperature of 740-760 ℃, preserving heat for 0.5-1.0 h, removing floating slag on the surface, casting at the temperature of 710-720 ℃, carrying out on-line dehydrogenation on aluminum liquid in Haidelu vacuum through a launder, filtering through a ceramic plate, and carrying out hot top disc casting to obtain the aluminum rod.
(3) Homogenizing: after hot top casting, removing heads and tails of aluminum bars according to the technological requirements, carrying out homogenization treatment, wherein the homogenization temperature is 460-490 ℃, keeping the temperature for 16-20 h, spraying water mist to cool the aluminum bars to 300-350 ℃ after the aluminum bars are homogenized, and then air cooling the aluminum bars to normal temperature to obtain homogenized aluminum bars.
(4) Extrusion molding: cutting the homogenized aluminum bar into required short aluminum bars, and heating the aluminum bars at a gradient temperature by adopting a gas type single-bar furnace, wherein the temperature difference between the front end and the rear end is 20 ℃, the temperature of the tail part of the aluminum bar is 460-490 ℃, and the temperature of the head part of the aluminum bar is 480-500 ℃. And (3) discharging the heated aluminum bar out of the furnace, thermally scalping the aluminum bar by a thermal scalping machine, removing about 1.5-3mm of segregation layer on each side, and then sending the aluminum bar into a die of an extruder for extrusion, wherein the thermal extrusion temperature is ensured to be 460-480 ℃, and the outlet temperature of the extruder is kept between 480-500 ℃. And (3) at the outlet of the extruder, setting a water-cooling drainage groove at a position away from a discharge port of the die (not more than one meter away from the discharge port of the die), performing first-step quick cooling on the high-temperature aluminum material, enabling the high-temperature aluminum material to penetrate into a water cooling tank immediately, ensuring that the water temperature is not more than 30 ℃, ensuring large-flow water circulation, quickly cooling the high-temperature aluminum material in the water tank to the water temperature, and preventing the high-temperature tissue from recrystallizing and growing up. And (3) stretching the cooled aluminum material by a sliding-out table and a cooling bed, adopting an elongation of 0.5-2%, removing residual stress, and then sawing to obtain the aluminum alloy base material.
(5) And (3) aging treatment: RRA treatment is carried out on the aluminum alloy base material, and the aging treatment system is first-stage 120 ℃ multiplied by 24h pre-aging; the second stage is regression treatment at 200 ℃ for 8min, and discontinuous coarse particles appear in the grain boundary, but the dissolution of the intragranular transition phase reduces the alloy strength; the third pole is 120 ℃ multiplied by 36h, fine semi-coherent disperse phases are precipitated in the crystal, and the crystal boundary is still an intermittent non-coherent phase, so that RRA integrates the advantages of peak value and overaging, and the obtained alloy has high strength and good SCC. An aluminum extruded profile is produced by this process.
The mechanical properties of the aluminum extruded profile are as follows: the tensile strength is 454MPa, the yield strength is 421MPa, the elongation is 8 percent, and the extrusion speed can reach 8mm/s.
Example 4
A production process of an Al-Mg-Zn-Zr aluminum extruded section comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing materials: weighing the required alloy components of the aluminum extruded section according to the mass percentage, wherein the alloy components comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 5.0 percent of Zn, 2.6 percent of Mg, 0.13 percent of ZrZrC, 0.01 to 0.06 percent of TiTi, less than 0.05 percent of Cu, less than 0.1 percent of Fe, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
(2) Smelting an aluminum bar: adding the weighed raw materials into a smelting furnace, smelting at the temperature of 740-760 ℃, preserving heat for 0.5-1.0 h, removing floating slag on the surface, casting at the temperature of 710-720 ℃, carrying out on-line dehydrogenation on aluminum liquid in Haidelu vacuum through a launder, filtering through a ceramic plate, and carrying out hot top disc casting to obtain the aluminum rod.
(3) Homogenizing: after hot top casting, removing the head and the tail of the aluminum bar according to the process requirements, carrying out homogenization treatment, cooling to room temperature after the aluminum bar is homogenized, and obtaining a homogenized aluminum bar;
(4) Extrusion molding: cutting the homogenized aluminum bar into required short aluminum bars, heating the aluminum bars at a gradient temperature by adopting a gas type single bar furnace, wherein the temperature difference between the front end and the rear end is 20 ℃, discharging the heated aluminum bars out of the furnace, thermally peeling the aluminum bars by using a hot peeling machine, conveying the aluminum bars into a die of an extruder for extrusion, rapidly cooling the aluminum bars by water, cooling the cooled aluminum bars, sliding out of the die and a cooling bed for a stretching process, stretching the aluminum bars by adopting an elongation rate of 0.5-2%, removing residual stress, and sawing to obtain an aluminum alloy substrate;
(5) And (3) aging treatment: RAA treatment is carried out on the aluminum alloy base material, and the aging treatment system is first-stage 120 ℃ multiplied by 32h pre-aging; the second stage is regression treatment at 200 ℃ for 10min, and discontinuous coarse particles appear in the grain boundary, but the dissolution of the intragranular transition phase reduces the alloy strength; the third pole is 120 ℃ multiplied by 30h, fine semi-coherent disperse phases are precipitated in the crystal, and the crystal boundary is still an intermittent non-coherent phase, so that the RRA integrates the advantages of peak value and overaging, and the obtained alloy has high strength and good SCC. An aluminum extruded profile is produced by this process.
The mechanical properties of the aluminum extruded profile are as follows: tensile strength of 475MPa, yield strength of 450MPa, elongation of 10.2 percent and extrusion speed of 7mm/s.
Example 5
The production process of the Al-Mg-Zn-Zr aluminum extruded section comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing materials: weighing the required alloy components of the aluminum extruded section according to the mass percentage, wherein the alloy components comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 6.5 percent of Zn, 0.6 percent of Mg, 0.2 percent of Zr, 0.01 to 0.06 percent of Tis, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Cr, less than 0.1 percent of Fe, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
(2) Smelting an aluminum bar: adding the weighed raw materials into a smelting furnace, smelting at the temperature of 740-760 ℃, preserving heat for 0.5-1.0 h, removing floating slag on the surface, casting at the temperature of 710-720 ℃, carrying out on-line dehydrogenation on aluminum liquid in Haidelu vacuum through a launder, filtering through a ceramic plate, and carrying out hot top disc casting to obtain the aluminum rod.
(3) Homogenizing: after hot top casting, removing the head and the tail of the aluminum bar according to the process requirements, carrying out homogenization treatment, cooling to room temperature after the aluminum bar is homogenized, and obtaining a homogenized aluminum bar;
(4) Extrusion molding: cutting the homogenized aluminum bar into required short aluminum bars, heating the aluminum bars at a gradient temperature by adopting a gas type single-bar furnace, wherein the temperature difference between the front end and the rear end is 20 ℃, discharging the heated aluminum bars out of the furnace, thermally peeling the aluminum bars by using a hot peeling machine, conveying the aluminum bars into a die of an extruder for extrusion, rapidly cooling the aluminum bars by water, cooling the cooled aluminum bars, sliding out of the die and a cooling bed for a stretching process, stretching the aluminum bars by adopting an elongation rate of 2%, removing residual stress, and sawing to obtain an aluminum alloy substrate;
(5) Aging treatment: RAA treatment is carried out on the aluminum alloy base material, and the aging treatment system is that the first-stage 120 ℃ is multiplied by 24h for preaging; the second stage is regression treatment at 200 ℃ for 10min, and discontinuous coarse particles appear in the grain boundary, but the dissolution of the intragranular transition phase reduces the alloy strength; the third pole is 120 ℃ multiplied by 36h, fine semi-coherent disperse phases are precipitated in the crystal, and the crystal boundary is still an intermittent non-coherent phase, so that the RRA integrates the advantages of peak value and overaging, and the obtained alloy has high strength and good SCC. An aluminum extruded profile is produced by this process.
The mechanical properties of the aluminum extruded profile are as follows: the tensile strength is 370MPa, the yield strength is 335MPa, the elongation is 11.8 percent, and the extrusion speed can reach 6mm/s.
The technical features of the embodiments described above can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The Al-Mg-Zn-Zr aluminum extruded profile is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: zn5.0-6.5%, mg0.6-2.6%, zr0.1-0.2%, ti0.01-0.06%, cu < 0.05%, mn < 0.05%, cr < 0.10%, fe < 0.1%, si < 0.05%, and the balance Al and inevitable impurities;
the production process of the Al-Mg-Zn-Zr aluminum extruded section comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing materials: weighing required aluminum extruded section raw materials according to mass percentage;
(2) Smelting an aluminum bar: adding the weighed raw materials into a smelting furnace, smelting at 740-760 ℃, preserving heat for 0.5-1.0 h, removing floating slag on the surface, casting at 710-720 ℃, passing the filtrate through a launder, carrying out on-line dehydrogenation in a vacuum environment, filtering through a ceramic plate, and carrying out hot top disc casting to obtain an aluminum bar;
(3) Homogenization treatment: after hot top casting, removing heads and tails of aluminum bars according to the process requirements, and then carrying out homogenization treatment, wherein the homogenization treatment temperature is 460-490 ℃, the heat preservation time is 16-20 h, and after the aluminum bars are homogenized, cooling the aluminum bars to room temperature to obtain homogenized aluminum bars;
(4) Extrusion molding: cutting the homogenized aluminum bar into required short aluminum bars, heating the aluminum bars in a gradient temperature manner by using a gas type single-bar furnace, wherein the temperature difference between the front end and the rear end is 20 ℃, then taking the heated aluminum bars out of the furnace, thermally scalping the aluminum bars by using a hot scalping machine, conveying the aluminum bars into a die of an extruder for extrusion, wherein the hot extrusion temperature is 460-480 ℃, the extrusion speed is 3-12 m/min, the outlet temperature of the extruder is 480-500 ℃, rapidly cooling with water, drawing the cooled aluminum bar by using a sliding-out table and a cooling bed, drawing the aluminum bar by using the elongation percentage of 0.5-2%, removing the residual stress, and then sawing to obtain an aluminum alloy substrate;
(5) Aging treatment: RAA treatment is carried out on the aluminum alloy base material, wherein the RAA treatment is three-stage aging treatment, and the process comprises the following steps: the first stage is 120 ℃ multiplied by (24-48 h) for pre-aging, the second stage is 200 ℃ multiplied by (8-10 min) for regression, and the third stage is 120 ℃ multiplied by (24-36 h) for preparing the aluminum extruded section.
2. The Al-Mg-Zn-Zr aluminum extrusion profile according to claim 1, characterized in that said step of cooling treatment in step (3) is: firstly, the homogenized aluminum bar is cooled to 300-350 ℃ by water spray, and then the homogenized aluminum bar is cooled to normal temperature by air.
3. The Al-Mg-Zn-Zr aluminum extrudate according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the temperature of the tail of the aluminum bar is 460 to 490 ℃ and the temperature of the head of the aluminum bar is 480 to 500 ℃ during the gradient heating of the aluminum bar.
4. The Al-Mg-Zn-Zr aluminum extrusion profile according to claim 1, characterized in that said hot scalping treatment in step (4) is: the segregation layer is removed from each side of the aluminum bar by 1.5-3 mm.
5. The Al-Mg-Zn-Zr aluminum extrusion profile according to claim 1, wherein said rapid water cooling in step (4) is performed by: and a water-cooling drainage groove is arranged at the position, away from a die discharge port, of an outlet of the extruder, the high-temperature aluminum product is subjected to first-step quick cooling, the high-temperature aluminum product penetrates into a water-cooling tank immediately, the water temperature does not exceed 30 ℃, large-flow water circulation is ensured, the high-temperature profile is quickly cooled to the water temperature in the water tank by water, and the distance from the high-temperature aluminum product to the water temperature in the water tank after being cooled cannot exceed one meter.
6. The Al-Mg-Zn-Zr aluminum extrusion profile according to claim 1, wherein said RAA treatment process in step (5) is: the first stage is preaging at 120 ℃ for 24h, the second stage is regression treatment at 200 ℃ for 8min, and the third stage is regression treatment at 120 ℃ for 24h.
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