CN113337704B - Method for realizing alternating or pulse magnetic field effect through static magnetic field facility - Google Patents
Method for realizing alternating or pulse magnetic field effect through static magnetic field facility Download PDFInfo
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- CN113337704B CN113337704B CN202110598281.5A CN202110598281A CN113337704B CN 113337704 B CN113337704 B CN 113337704B CN 202110598281 A CN202110598281 A CN 202110598281A CN 113337704 B CN113337704 B CN 113337704B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for realizing alternating or pulse magnetic field effect through static magnetic field facilities, which relates to the technical field of material processing. Solves the problem that the alternating or pulse magnetic field can not be effectively applied to the material stress and performance regulation in the continuous production line in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material processing, in particular to a method for realizing alternating or pulse magnetic field effect through a static magnetic field facility, which is applied to a continuous production line.
Background
The magnetic field can regulate and control the surface stress, processing and using performance of the material, and becomes the consensus of the fields of material processing and modification, so that the application of the magnetic field in industrial production is gradually increased. In the application process, it has been found that alternating magnetic fields or pulsed magnetic fields have better effects than static magnetic fields. However, the alternating magnetic field or the pulsed magnetic field is more difficult to generate than the static magnetic field, the requirements on generating equipment are higher, the production cost is increased, and the coupling with the traditional production line is not easy.
Taking a common steel rolling production line widely applied as an example, if alternating/pulse magnetic field generating equipment is directly arranged on the steel rolling line, a higher rolling speed can lead a steel plate to pass through an area covered by the alternating/pulse magnetic field generating equipment instantly, and the effective magnetic field treatment effect cannot be achieved due to too short acting time. However, if the alternating/pulse magnetic field generating device is continuously arranged on the production line, the device is complex, the power consumption is too high, the space occupation is extremely large, and the defect that uniform and effective treatment of steel rolling cannot be realized still exists.
For continuous production lines with similar working conditions, such as drawing production lines, continuous extrusion production lines, continuous casting production lines and the like, fixed production equipment and higher moving speed of produced materials, when the produced materials are subjected to magnetic field treatment, the problems similar to those of a common steel rolling production line exist, the effect of regulating and controlling the stress state and the performance of the materials cannot be achieved by common alternating/pulse magnetic field generating equipment due to the fact that the acting time is too short, the alternating/pulse magnetic field cannot be well coupled with the conventional production line, and the equipment cost is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for realizing alternating or pulse magnetic field effect through static magnetic field facilities, which solves the problem that the alternating or pulse magnetic field cannot be effectively applied to material stress and performance regulation in a continuous production line in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for achieving alternating or pulsed magnetic field effect by means of a static magnetic field installation is provided, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, acquiring an original alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform and waveform parameters which are required by products on a production line and take time as a horizontal axis;
s2, converting the original alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform and waveform parameters into reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveforms and waveform parameters distributed along the length direction of the production line according to the conveying speed of the production line;
s3, arranging a plurality of static magnetic field facilities along the length direction of the production line, and adjusting magnetic field parameters of the static magnetic field facilities according to the waveform parameters of the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field to enable the static magnetic field waveform generated by the static magnetic field facilities along the length direction of the production line to be completely consistent with or approximate to the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform to the greatest extent;
s4, controlling the product to pass through the production line according to a preset speed.
Further, the method for acquiring the waveform parameters of the original alternating or pulsed magnetic field in the step S1 specifically includes:
if the product needs a sine-wave alternating magnetic field, the corresponding waveform parameters comprise amplitude, angular velocity and duration;
if the product needs unidirectional pulse magnetic field, the corresponding magnetic field parameters are pulse width, peak intensity, pulse interval and total pulse number.
Further, the method for adjusting the magnetic field parameters of the static magnetic field facility in the step S3 specifically includes:
the simulation software is utilized to obtain the static magnetic field vector sum of a plurality of static magnetic field facilities at space points through simulation analysis, whether the magnitude and the direction of the static magnetic field vector sum are the same as or the maximum approach to the magnitude and the direction of the magnetic field of the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field wave at the space points is judged,
if not, the width a of the static magnetic field facility itself, the width b of the static magnetic field generated by the single static magnetic field facility and/or the distance c between adjacent static magnetic field facilities are adjusted.
Further, the static magnetic field strength generated by the single static magnetic field device in the step S3 is equal to the peak strength of the reference alternating or pulsed magnetic field waveform.
Further, in the step S3, if there is a sudden change in the reference alternating or pulsed magnetic field waveform, a magnetic shield is used at a corresponding position of the static magnetic field to block the magnetic field effect of the adjacent static magnetic field facilities.
Further, in the step S3,
if the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform is a continuous alternating magnetic field and the peak magnetic field intensity is smaller than 1T, the static magnetic field facility is a permanent magnet;
if the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform is a discontinuous waveform or the peak magnetic field intensity is not less than 1T, the static magnetic field facility is an electromagnet, and a switch and a time controller are connected to the electromagnet.
Further, in the step S3, the geometric center of the product on the production line is located within the magnetic field stability range of the static magnetic field.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: through ingenious arrangement of a plurality of static magnetic field facilities along the production line, adjust magnetic field intensity and the magnetic field direction that every static magnetic field facility produced, reach and distribute the alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform that originally distributes on the time length in the production line length direction, cooperate the removal of product to reach the equal effect of carrying out alternating or pulse magnetic field treatment to the product, improve the material property of product.
When the alternating or pulse magnetic field is used for treating products on a production line, the moving speed of the products is a main factor causing poor treatment effect, but by the method in the scheme, the moving speed of the products is a necessary condition, and the treatment effect of generating the alternating or pulse magnetic field in the static magnetic field can be realized only by moving the products, so the conception is ingenious. Meanwhile, the equipment is simpler, the power consumption is low, the space occupation is small, the equipment can be well coupled with the existing production line, and the application cost is greatly saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of static magnetic field facilities along a production line in example 1.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of static magnetic field facilities along a production line in example 2.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of static magnetic field facilities along a production line in example 3.
Wherein, 1, copper strips; 2. a roller; 3. an N pole permanent magnet; 4. an S-pole permanent magnet; 5. a shielding plate; 6. an upper electromagnetic coil; 7. and a lower electromagnetic coil.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and all the inventions which make use of the inventive concept are protected by the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined in the appended claims to those skilled in the art.
The method for realizing the alternating or pulse magnetic field effect through the static magnetic field facility comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring an original alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform and waveform parameters which are required by products on a production line and take time as a horizontal axis;
s2, converting the original alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform and waveform parameters into reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveforms and waveform parameters distributed along the length direction of the production line according to the conveying speed of the production line;
s3, arranging a plurality of static magnetic field facilities along the length direction of the production line, and adjusting magnetic field parameters of the static magnetic field facilities according to the waveform parameters of the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field to enable the static magnetic field waveform generated by the static magnetic field facilities along the length direction of the production line to be completely consistent with or approximate to the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform to the greatest extent;
s4, controlling the product to pass through the production line according to a preset speed.
The working principle is as follows:
the atoms are basic constitution units of the product material, each metal atom has own magnetic moment due to the fact that the atom rotation and the out-of-core electron magnetic moment cancellation are not thorough enough, the atoms in the material deflect under the action of a magnetic field according to the magnetic properties (ferromagnetism, paramagnetism and diamagnetism) of different materials, and the collective deflection of the atoms under the microcosmic condition tends to influence the lattice structure of the material.
The alternating magnetic field or the pulse magnetic field and other magnetic fields with oscillation property can activate the movement of the microstructure of the material in the forms of magnetostriction, magneto vibration and the like, so that the stress in the material is released and homogenized through the micro-deformation of an unbalanced lattice in the direction of low potential energy and the oscillation of the whole structure, and the fatigue life of the material is prolonged. Meanwhile, the microstructure determines the performance, and the change process of the microstructure can lead to the change of the macroscopic performance of the material, so that the proper alternating or pulse magnetic field treatment process can effectively adjust the service performance of the material. The material lattice can be changed and oscillated according to a certain frequency by a plurality of static magnetic fields with different intensities and directions which are generated by a plurality of static magnetic field facilities arranged along the production line according to the waveforms and waveform parameters of alternating or pulse magnetic fields in coordination with the high-speed movement of the material, so that the same effect can be achieved by only achieving the same magnetic field impact of the material in the same time, no matter the alternating/pulse magnetic field effect generated by the static magnetic field facilities or the traditional alternating/pulse magnetic field.
The technical solutions in the present application are further described below by specific embodiments:
example 1
Taking a copper strip rolling production line as an example, the continuous rolling speed of the copper strip 1 is 100m/s, and the speed is not adjustable; the purpose of the magnetic field treatment is to reduce and homogenize the stress of the rolled copper strip and reduce the difficulty of plate shape adjustment.
S1, acquiring original alternating or pulse magnetic field waveforms and waveform parameters which are required by products on a production line and take time as a horizontal axis. Specifically, according to theoretical deduction and combined with experimental production experience, the required magnetic field waveform is a unidirectional pulse magnetic field waveform, wherein waveform parameters are as follows: the peak magnetic field strength was 0.5T, the pulse width was about 5. Mu.s, the pulse interval was about 25. Mu.s, and the total number of pulses was 20.
S2, converting the original alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform and waveform parameters into reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveforms and waveform parameters distributed along the length direction of the production line according to the conveying speed of the production line. Specifically, the continuous rolling speed of the copper strip is 100m/s, namely, the moving distance of 1 mu s of any position of the copper strip is 0.1m, so that the pulse magnetic field treatment effect with the pulse width of about 5 mu s is required to be obtained, the magnetic field intensity in the width range of 0.5m is required to be 0.5T in the length direction of the production line, namely, one pulse with the pulse width of about 5 mu s of the original pulse magnetic field waveform and the magnetic field intensity of 0.5T corresponds to the magnetic field intensity of 0.5m width and 0.5T on the production line; the magnetic pulse spacing of the original pulsed magnetic field was 25 mus, corresponding to a spacing of 2.5m on the production line. The reference pulse magnetic field waveform and waveform parameters obtained are: the peak magnetic field strength is 0.5T, the pulse width is 0.5m, the pulse interval is 2.5m, and the total pulse number is 20.
S3, arranging a plurality of static magnetic field facilities along the length direction of the production line, and adjusting magnetic field parameters of the static magnetic field facilities according to the waveform parameters of the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field, so that the static magnetic field waveform generated by the static magnetic field facilities along the length direction of the production line is completely consistent with or is approximate to the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform to the greatest extent.
The method comprises the following steps: since the peak magnetic field strength is 0.5T <1T, both permanent magnets and electromagnets can be achieved. If the post-modification pulse magnetic field treatment process is not considered, a permanent magnet with lower cost is selected to construct a static magnetic field. If the pulse magnetic field treatment process is possibly changed in the later stage, an electromagnet with higher parameter adjustability is selected to construct a static magnetic field. In this embodiment, a permanent magnet is used to construct the static magnetic field.
The pulse width of the reference pulse magnetic field is 0.5m, and the magnetic field width b generated by a single-group static magnetic field facility is 0.5m; the pulse interval is 2.5m, and the distance c between the edges of static magnetic fields generated by adjacent static magnetic field facilities is required to be 2.5m; since the number of magnetic pulses is 20, 20 sets of static magnetic field facilities are required, as shown in fig. 1.
The specific method for arranging the static magnetic field facilities comprises the following steps: the N pole permanent magnet 3 and the S pole permanent magnet 4 are respectively used and are arranged at a certain distance relatively to form a group of static magnetic field facilities, the distance h between the N pole permanent magnet 3 and the S pole permanent magnet 4 is as small as possible on the premise of ensuring that smooth passing of a rolled copper strip is not interfered, so that equipment load is reduced, and the embodiment adopts h=0.3m. The other 19 sets of static magnetic field facilities are arranged in the same manner. Because the required pulse magnetic field is a unidirectional pulse magnetic field, static magnetic field facilities are arranged in the same direction, so that the directions of static magnetic fields generated by the static magnetic field facilities are the same.
Since the pulse interval is 2.5m, a zero magnetic field region with the width of 2.5m is required between two adjacent pulses, and therefore, a magnetic shielding baffle plate is required to be arranged for magnetic shielding, so that the magnetic field strength of the region without the magnetic field is reduced as much as possible. In this embodiment, high-permeability silicon steel plates are used as shielding plates 5 to be mounted on both sides of each set of static magnetic field facilities, and the static magnetic fields generated by each static magnetic field facility are bundled in a region having a width of 0.5 m.
Determining a static magnetic field facility installation position: the pulse magnetic field treatment aims to reduce and homogenize rolling stress so as to improve the subsequent plate shape finishing efficiency and effect. 20 static magnetic field facilities and related facilities serving the 20 static magnetic field facilities are installed in a portion of the copper strip 1 where rolling reduction is completed, that is, side by side along a production line after the roll 2. When installed, the copper strips were determined to be in the magnetic field stabilizing region of each set of static magnetic field facilities, and the present embodiment had copper strip 1 in the middle of each set of static magnetic field facilities.
S4, controlling the product to pass through the production line according to a preset speed. Specifically, the copper strip rolling production line starts to produce the copper strip at the speed of 100m/s, and the pulsed magnetic field treatment work of the copper strip can be completed at the same time of production.
Example 2
Taking a hard alloy cutter production line as an example, the speed of conveying products by the production line can be adjusted according to the requirement. The aim of the magnetic field treatment is to realize batch pulse magnetic field treatment of the hard alloy cutter, thereby improving the cutting performance and service life of the hard alloy cutter. (in the following description, only the differences from example 1 are described, and other points can be recognized by those skilled in the art by conventional means)
According to theoretical deduction and combined with experimental production experience, the needed magnetic field waveform is a unidirectional pulse magnetic field waveform, wherein waveform parameters are as follows: the peak magnetic field strength was 1.5T, the pulse width was about 2. Mu.s, the pulse interval was about 10. Mu.s, and the total number of pulses was 5.
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the peak magnetic field strength is 1.5T, which is difficult to achieve by the permanent magnet, so electromagnetic coils are used as static magnetic field facilities. The specific method is that an upper electromagnetic coil 6 and a lower electromagnetic coil 7 are paired to form a group of static magnetic field facilities, and a static magnetic field is generated on a continuous production line by inputting direct current. The distance h between the upper electromagnetic coil 6 and the lower electromagnetic coil 7 is determined in terms of allowing the continuous production line to pass smoothly, and if the space around the continuous production line for installing static magnetic field facilities is insufficient, only the upper electromagnetic coil 6 or the lower electromagnetic coil 7 may be installed.
Because the conveying speed of the hard alloy cutter production line can be adjusted, the width b of the magnetic field generated by the single-group static magnetic field facility can be reasonably set according to the manufacturing difficulty of the current static magnetic field facility, and the b is selected to be 0.2m in the embodiment. Since the pulse width of the original pulse magnetic field is 2 mus, the cemented carbide tool needs to be moved 0.2m within 2 mus, that is, the moving speed v is 100m/s, and the pulse interval is 10 mus, so the distance c between the edges of the static magnetic fields generated by adjacent static magnetic field facilities needs to be set to 1m, and 5 groups of static magnetic field facilities are required in total. As shown in fig. 2.
The conveyer belt carrying a plurality of hard alloy cutters passes through the static magnetic field coverage area at the speed of 100m/s, so that the pulse magnetic field treatment work of the hard alloy cutters can be finished in batches.
The other contents are the same as in example 1.
For the bidirectional pulse magnetic field, the magnetic field direction of the static magnetic field facilities at the corresponding position is adjusted.
Example 3
Taking a titanium alloy blade production line as an example, the conveying speed of the production line can be adjusted; the purpose of the magnetic field treatment is to adjust the microstructure of the part, optimize the processing stress state and improve the fatigue life of the titanium alloy blade. (in the following description, only the differences from example 1 are described, and other points can be recognized by those skilled in the art by conventional means)
According to the current magnetic field treatment process, one of the magnetic fields which can be used for improving the fatigue life of the titanium alloy blade is an alternating magnetic field with a sine waveform, wherein the waveform parameters are as follows: the peak magnetic field strength (amplitude) is 1.5T, the frequency is 50Hz, the duty cycle is absent, and the duration is 1s.
The peak magnetic field strength is 1.5T, an electromagnetic coil is selected as a static magnetic field facility, an upper electromagnetic coil and a lower electromagnetic coil form a group of static magnetic field facilities, and a static magnetic field is generated on a continuous production line by inputting direct current.
Since the conveying speed of the titanium alloy blade production line is adjustable, and the alternating magnetic field with sine wave waveform needs to have continuous change of intensity along the direction of the continuous production line, the magnetic field intensity and the attenuation of the titanium alloy blade receiving the magnetic field radiation along the direction of the production line need to be comprehensively considered, simulation analysis can be performed by means of computer software, such as comsol or ANSYS, and the magnetic field width b generated by a single group of static magnetic field facilities is 0.1m through simulation analysis of ANSYS software in the embodiment.
In order to ensure that the sine waveform acts on the titanium alloy blade well, the titanium alloy blade needs to be placed in the center of the magnetic field after the static magnetic field facility is integrally installed, so that the setting of the distance h between the upper electromagnetic coil and the lower electromagnetic coil needs to ensure that the strength of the magnetic field received by the titanium alloy blade is 1.5T, and in the embodiment, h is preferably 0.4m.
Since the required pulsed magnetic field is an alternating magnetic field, adjacent groups of static magnetic field facilities need to be arranged in a crossing manner in the direction of the generated magnetic field, that is, the directions of the magnetic fields generated by the adjacent static magnetic field facilities are reversed.
In order to ensure that the magnetic field simulated by the static magnetic field facilities has sine wave shape, the attenuation or the increase of the strength of the integrated magnetic field in the direction of the continuous production line is required to have continuity, so that the static magnetic fields with opposite adjacent directions are well connected, and the simulation and the establishment can be carried out by computer software.
Since the required alternating magnetic field frequency is 50Hz and the treatment time is 1s, a single blade is required to continuously receive the radiation of the alternating magnetic field of 50 cycles, and thus a static magnetic field facility 100 sets are required.
Since the alternating magnetic field is a continuous magnetic field, a continuous static magnetic field with different attenuation degrees of the magnetic field intensity is required to exist along the continuous production line, and therefore, a magnetic conductor is not required to be arranged as a shielding plate for shielding.
In the embodiment, the conveyor belt is made of non-magnetic materials and plastic which does not influence the distribution of static magnetic fields, and the titanium alloy blades are conveyed by the conveyor belt. Therefore, the installation of the static magnetic field facilities needs to contain the production line in the magnetic field and ensure that the hard alloy cutter is positioned at the center of each group of static magnetic field facilities. As shown in fig. 3.
The conveyer belt carrying a plurality of titanium alloy blades passes through the static magnetic field coverage area at the speed of 15m/s, so that the pulse magnetic field treatment work of the titanium alloy blades can be finished in batches.
For other alternating magnetic fields, such as waveforms in the form of sawtooth waves, spikes, etc., the embodiment is the same as a sinusoidal waveform.
Claims (4)
1. A method for realizing alternating or pulsed magnetic field effect through static magnetic field facilities, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring an original alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform and waveform parameters which are required by products on a production line and take time as a horizontal axis;
s2, converting the original alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform and waveform parameters into reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveforms and waveform parameters distributed along the length direction of the production line according to the conveying speed of the production line;
s3, arranging a plurality of static magnetic field facilities along the length direction of the production line, and adjusting magnetic field parameters of the static magnetic field facilities according to the waveform parameters of the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field to enable the static magnetic field waveform generated by the static magnetic field facilities along the length direction of the production line to be completely consistent with or approximate to the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform to the greatest extent;
the method for adjusting the magnetic field parameters of the static magnetic field facility comprises the following steps:
the simulation software is utilized to obtain the static magnetic field vector sum of a plurality of static magnetic field facilities at space points through simulation analysis, whether the magnitude and the direction of the static magnetic field vector sum are the same as or the maximum approach to the magnitude and the direction of the magnetic field of the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field wave at the space points is judged,
if not, adjusting the width a of the static magnetic field facility, the width b of the static magnetic field generated by the single static magnetic field facility and/or the spacing c of the adjacent static magnetic field facilities;
the static magnetic field strength generated by a single static magnetic field facility is equal to the peak strength of a reference alternating or pulsed magnetic field waveform;
if the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform has an abrupt waveform, a magnetic shielding baffle plate is used at the corresponding position of the static magnetic field to block the magnetic field influence of adjacent static magnetic field facilities;
s4, controlling the product to pass through the production line according to a preset speed.
2. The method for achieving alternating or pulsed magnetic field effect through static magnetic field facility according to claim 1, wherein the method for obtaining waveform parameters of the original alternating or pulsed magnetic field in step S1 is specifically:
if the product needs a sine-wave alternating magnetic field, the corresponding waveform parameters comprise amplitude, angular velocity and duration;
if the product needs a pulse magnetic field, the corresponding magnetic field parameters are pulse width, peak intensity, pulse interval and total pulse number.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3,
if the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform is a continuous alternating magnetic field and the peak magnetic field intensity is smaller than 1T, the static magnetic field facility is a permanent magnet;
if the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform is a discontinuous waveform or the peak magnetic field intensity is not less than 1T, the static magnetic field facility is an electromagnet, and a switch and a time controller are connected to the electromagnet.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S3, the geometric center of the product on the production line is located within the magnetic field stability range of the static magnetic field.
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| US3911997A (en) * | 1972-12-20 | 1975-10-14 | Sumitomo Metal Ind | Magnetic apparatus for metal casting |
| CN101713021A (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2010-05-26 | 清华大学 | Method for reducing residual stress of ferromagnetic metal material |
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| FR2948688B1 (en) * | 2009-07-31 | 2012-02-03 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TREATING A MATERIAL UNDER THE EFFECT OF A MAGNETIC FIELD |
| US9442173B2 (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2016-09-13 | Hts—110 Limited | NMR assessment system and method |
| CN105032926B (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2017-03-01 | 江苏大学 | A kind of method of rolled metal wire and rod under magnetostatic field assosting effect |
| CN105132843B (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2018-04-24 | 江苏大学 | A kind of method of magnetically processing for improving metal material elastic deformability |
| CN108971460A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-12-11 | 上海大学 | A kind of method and device of pulse-couple electromagnetic field thinning metal solidification texture |
| CN110373534B (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2021-06-08 | 赵京晨 | Method for slowing crack generation and propagation of solid part |
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| US3911997A (en) * | 1972-12-20 | 1975-10-14 | Sumitomo Metal Ind | Magnetic apparatus for metal casting |
| CN101713021A (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2010-05-26 | 清华大学 | Method for reducing residual stress of ferromagnetic metal material |
| CN104209499A (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2014-12-17 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Low frequency pulsed magnet field fine-grain solidification method for causing melt oscillation through electromagnetic force |
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