CN113334761A - Extrusion molding-photocuring integrated three-dimensional printer and printing method thereof - Google Patents

Extrusion molding-photocuring integrated three-dimensional printer and printing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113334761A
CN113334761A CN202110792894.2A CN202110792894A CN113334761A CN 113334761 A CN113334761 A CN 113334761A CN 202110792894 A CN202110792894 A CN 202110792894A CN 113334761 A CN113334761 A CN 113334761A
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China
Prior art keywords
platform
photocuring
axis
molding
composite deposition
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Pending
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CN202110792894.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
许燕
陈宇彤
王森森
印治涛
金文阳
于永波
张旭婧
杨蒙蒙
海几哲
周建平
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Xinjiang University
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Xinjiang University
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Priority to CN202110792894.2A priority Critical patent/CN113334761A/en
Publication of CN113334761A publication Critical patent/CN113334761A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/16—Perforating by tool or tools of the drill type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/227—Driving means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/227—Driving means
    • B29C64/232—Driving means for motion along the axis orthogonal to the plane of a layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/227—Driving means
    • B29C64/236—Driving means for motion in a direction within the plane of a layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/245—Platforms or substrates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/255—Enclosures for the building material, e.g. powder containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/264—Arrangements for irradiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/295—Heating elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/321—Feeding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling

Abstract

The invention discloses an extrusion molding-photocuring integrated three-dimensional printer and a printing method thereof, wherein the printing method comprises the following steps: a frame; the photocuring molding trough module is fixedly arranged on the X, Y shaft movement mechanism; the composite forming platform module is fixedly arranged on the Z-axis movement mechanism; the non-interference switching device controls the reverse motion of the extrusion molding platform and the photocuring molding platform by utilizing a gear meshing principle; the light processing device is positioned at the bottom end of the material groove module, is fixedly arranged on the X, Y shaft moving mechanism and is used for projecting a pattern formed by photocuring onto the composite deposition platform; the X-axis system driving motor is fixed on the X-axis movement mechanism and drives a screw rod of the X-axis system motor to drive the composite deposition platform to turn over. According to the invention, the personalized and customized high-precision three-dimensional structure is printed by a photocuring technology, and then the biological material is printed by an extrusion molding technology, so that the high-precision personalized rapid printing of various materials is realized.

Description

Extrusion molding-photocuring integrated three-dimensional printer and printing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of 3D printing of biological materials, in particular to a composite three-dimensional printer combining a nozzle extrusion molding technology and a digital light processing technology and a printing method thereof.
Background
The biological 3D printing is based on the principle of discrete-stacking forming, and a personalized in-vitro three-dimensional structure model or in-vitro three-dimensional organism is manufactured by a biological material or a biological unit by a three-dimensional printing technical means under a specific environment according to the bionic morphology, the biological structure or the organism function. The technology is a new subject which is born by engineering manufacturing, material science and life science.
Digital Light Processing (DLP) stereolithography is an important type of stereolithography technology, which is based on DMD (Digital Micromirror Device) developed by texas instruments, usa to implement a visual Digital information display technology. The basic principle of the DLP three-dimensional printing technology is that a digital light source is projected on the surface of a liquid photosensitive material, whether incident light energy is reflected to a light absorber to be absorbed is controlled by controlling the switching angles of different lenses in a DMD, masks with different patterns are formed by the switching combination of a lens array and are used for curing a specific area of each layer of material, and then all layers are stacked to form a complete material rapid prototyping sample. The DLP three-dimensional printing technology has the advantages of good formability, high precision, diversified printing structures and the like, but can not print non-photosensitive materials or biological materials containing cells and high-viscosity biological materials, and can only use a single material for curing. At present, a method for converting a plurality of hydraulic cylinders to realize liquid change so as to carry out multi-material photocuring is researched, but the method needs to immerse a printed structure in another liquid, so that the problem of material pollution cannot be avoided.
The extrusion deposition type biological printing technology comprises pneumatic extrusion, mechanical extrusion and screw extrusion, and the basic principle of the technology is that hot-melt or hot-melt biological materials are put into a charging barrel to be heated to form a semi-flow state, the materials are extruded under stress and cooled to be formed on a bottom plate, and the materials are formed layer by layer according to a specified track and are stacked layer by layer. The extrusion deposition type biological printing is wide in application range of biological materials, easy in control of the temperature of a spray head and high in printing speed compared with a DLP printing technology, but the printing formability is poor, the forming structure is easy to collapse, the printing structure is single, and the personalized customization of a model is not facilitated.
Based on the above contradiction, in combination with the strong demand in the current orthopedic medical field, it is urgently needed to develop a 3D printing device combining the DLP technology and the extrusion molding technology, and solve the problems of single printing material, low printing speed and the like of the photocuring device, and the problems of difficult molding fine structure, difficult personalized customization, low printing precision and the like of the extrusion molding device.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a novel extrusion molding-photocuring integrated three-dimensional printer and a printing method thereof, which combine an extrusion molding process and a photocuring process, solve the problem of personalized printing of various materials (including biological materials, photosensitive materials and the like) in the three-dimensional printing process, and realize high-precision personalized rapid printing of the various materials.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, and an extrusion-photocuring integrated three-dimensional printer is characterized by comprising: a frame;
x, Y axle moving mechanism fixed on the frame;
the photocuring forming trough module is fixedly arranged on the X, Y shaft movement mechanism and comprises a drilling hole, an X-axis system driving motor, an X-axis system motor lead screw, an X-axis motor base and a light processing device;
the two drill holes are symmetrically distributed;
the Z-axis movement mechanism is fixedly arranged on the rack;
the Z-axis system driving motor is fixedly arranged on the Z-axis movement mechanism;
preferably, the composite molding platform module is fixedly arranged on the Z-axis movement mechanism, and includes an extrusion molding platform, a photocuring molding platform, and an interference-free switching device, and is used for controlling the movement of the extrusion molding platform and the photocuring molding platform along the Z-axis through the meshing of a motor driving gear.
The light processing device is positioned at the bottom end of the material groove module, is fixedly arranged on the X, Y shaft moving mechanism and is used for projecting a pattern formed by photocuring onto the composite deposition platform;
preferably, the light processing apparatus employs a projection device, and the projection device includes:
a curing light source, a light emitting screen composed of a plurality of light emitting devices;
and the projection panel is used for fixing the curing light source.
Preferably, the extrusion molding platform comprises an L-shaped mounting plate, a feeding driving motor, a ball screw, a feeding driving motor, a torque limiting clamp, a U-shaped clamping groove, a needle tube and a temperature control system;
the L-shaped mounting plate is used for fixing the feeding driving motor on the extrusion molding gear plate and correcting the offset generated by the ball screw of the feeding driving motor in the movement process respectively;
preferably, the torque-limiting clamp is in threaded connection with a ball screw of a feeding driving motor and comprises a ball bearing and a steel ball bearing movable head;
ball bearings for reducing friction;
the steel ball bearing movable head is used for eliminating torque generated in the feeding process of the ball screw of the feeding driving motor;
the U-shaped clamping groove is fixed at the tail of the needle tube, and the contact surface of the U-shaped clamping groove and the movable head of the steel ball bearing is a hemispherical groove, so that the problem that a piston shaft of the needle tube is stressed and deviated in the moving process of the movable head of the steel ball bearing is avoided, and the needle tube can be uniformly fed;
the temperature control system comprises a cooling fan, a cooling hole and a needle tube hole;
the cooling fan is used for dissipating the waste heat in the temperature control system to realize rapid cooling;
the heat dissipation holes are used for uniformly dissipating waste heat in the temperature control system and preventing local overheating;
the needle tube hole is internally embedded with a polyimide heating film, so that the needle tube is uniformly heated in a large area.
The light curing forming platform comprises a light curing forming fixing module and a composite deposition platform;
preferably, the light-curing molding fixing module is used for fixing the light-curing molding platform on the light-curing molding gear plate and connecting the composite deposition platform, and is characterized by further comprising a sucker type electromagnet embedded in the light-curing molding fixing module;
preferably, the sucker type electromagnet is electrified to connect the photocuring molding module and the composite deposition platform, and the two are separated when the power is off;
the size and the thickness of the composite deposition platform are reasonably designed based on the movement of the subsequent platform and the size of the material groove opening, and the problems of friction, collision and the like with the material groove do not exist.
Preferably, the composite deposition platform further comprises: the screw thread interface, the slide block, the support rod and the rubber ring;
the threaded interface, the sliding block and the supporting rod are integrated, embedded in the composite deposition platform and capable of translating along the X axis;
the rubber ring is wrapped at the right port of the supporting rod and used for preventing the printing material in the material groove from immersing into the composite deposition platform, and meanwhile, the rubber ring is tightly matched with the supporting rod when the supporting rod is pushed to the drilling (right) end so as to prevent the composite deposition platform from shaking in the printing process;
the screwed joint is movable interface, inlays inside the slider left side shell, can realize following 360 rotations of X axle direction.
Preferably, the interference-free switching device includes: extruding and molding a gear plate, a gear motor and a light-cured gear plate;
the gear motor is fixedly arranged on the Z-axis movement mechanism;
the extrusion molding gear plate, the gear and the light curing type gear plate are mutually meshed, and the extrusion molding platform and the light curing type platform are controlled to move reversely along the Z-axis direction through the rotation of a threaded rod of a gear motor.
Preferably, the rack is built by adopting an aluminum alloy pipe, a light shading hood is arranged outside the rack, and a control system for controlling the whole three-dimensional printer to operate comprises a single chip microcomputer component and an external PC (personal computer) electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer component and is arranged on the right side of the rack.
The invention also provides a printing method based on the extrusion molding-photocuring integrated three-dimensional printer, which comprises the following steps of:
1) carrying out photocuring molding: through the movement of the non-interference switching device, the Z-axis movement mechanism and the X, Y-axis movement mechanism, a composite deposition platform in the photocuring molding platform enters a trough module and is immersed in a printing material, light emitted by the light processing device is projected to the photocuring molding platform, and meanwhile, the Z-axis movement mechanism moves upwards along the Z-axis direction, so that the printing material is rapidly molded;
2) positioning the composite deposition platform: after the photocuring forming is completed, the Z-axis movement mechanism moves the composite deposition platform downwards along the Z axis to the same height as the drill hole (left), the X-axis system driving motor is electrified, so that the motor lead screw of the X-axis system rotates clockwise to feed along the X axis direction to pass through the drill hole, enters the threaded interface of the composite deposition platform until contacting with the sliding block, the sliding block moves along the X axis direction, pushes the support rod to penetrate out of the composite deposition platform and penetrate into the drill hole (right) to realize tight fit with the support rod, and the positioning is completed;
3) forward overturning of the composite deposition platform: after the composite deposition platform is positioned, the sucker type electromagnet is powered off, the photocuring molding module is separated from the composite deposition platform, and the motor lead screw of the X-axis system continuously rotates clockwise to drive the composite deposition platform to turn 180 degrees relative to the initial position and then stop rotating;
4) carrying out extrusion molding: controlling a gear motor in the non-interference switching device to rotate reversely, enabling the extrusion molding platform to descend along the Z axis, and enabling the needle tube head of the needle tube to reach the three-dimensional model after curing molding through the movement of the Z axis movement mechanism and the X, Y axis movement mechanism to perform extrusion-curing molding reprocessing;
5) and (3) restoring the initial position: after extrusion molding is completed, the printing sample is taken down, the X-axis system driving motor drives the X-axis system motor screw rod to continue rotating along the anticlockwise direction, the composite deposition platform stops rotating after being turned for 180 degrees, and the X-axis system motor screw rod reversely drags the sliding block connected with the threaded interface and the supporting rod to the initial position along the X-axis direction in the turning process.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the model printed by the invention contains both photosensitive material and biological material, thus solving the problem of printing of various materials in the three-dimensional printing process;
2. according to the invention, the model is printed by combining extrusion molding and photocuring, so that the printing speed is increased, the mechanical property and the moldability of the model are improved, the uniform slow release of the medicine in the model is facilitated, and the phenomenon of sudden release of the medicine is avoided;
3. the invention can print the model individually according to different characteristics of the focus, which is convenient for doctors to analyze the state of an illness and the model to release medicine accurately;
4. the combined type deposition platform adopts an extrusion molding-photocuring integrated deposition platform, so that the printing precision is greatly improved, the printing errors caused by a conversion platform and replacement of printing equipment are reduced, and meanwhile, the space occupation ratio of the equipment is greatly reduced by the integrated design;
5. the composite deposition platform adopts the slide block to control the extension of the support rod, simplifies the mechanical structure of the support piece, and meanwhile, the rubber ring at the edge of the support rod prevents printing materials from permeating, thereby greatly prolonging the service life of the composite deposition platform;
6. the invention skillfully utilizes the interference-free switching device to control the movement of the extrusion molding module and the photocuring module along the Z-axis direction, thereby avoiding the problem that the extrusion molding module and the photocuring module collide and interfere in the printing process to damage the printing model;
7. the polyimide heating film is adopted in the temperature control system to increase the heating area, so that the spray head is uniformly heated, and the fan and the heat dissipation holes are adopted outside the temperature control system to uniformly and quickly dissipate heat;
8. the invention mostly adopts modularized installation, and is convenient for later maintenance and replacement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an extrusion molding platform of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a temperature control system of the present invention
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a stereolithography platform of the present invention
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a light-curing molding fixing module according to the present invention
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a composite deposition platform of the present invention
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an interference-free switching device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples. It is to be understood, however, that the drawings are provided solely for the purposes of promoting an understanding of the invention and that they are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides an extrusion-photocuring integrated three-dimensional printer, which includes a frame 1;
x, Y axle moving mechanism 2 fixed on the frame 1;
the light-curing molding trough module 3 is fixedly arranged on the X, Y shaft movement mechanism 2 and comprises a drilling hole 31, an X-axis system driving motor 32, an X-axis system motor lead screw 33, a motor base 34 and a light processing device 35;
the two boreholes 31 are symmetrically distributed;
the Z-axis movement mechanism 4 is fixedly arranged on the rack 1;
the Z-axis system driving motor 5 is fixedly arranged on the Z-axis movement mechanism 4;
the composite molding platform module 6 is fixedly arranged on the Z-axis movement mechanism 4, comprises an extrusion molding platform 61, a photocuring molding platform 62 and a non-interference switching device 63, and is used for controlling the movement of the extrusion molding platform 61 and the photocuring molding platform 62 along the Z axis through the meshing of a motor driving gear;
and the light processing device 35 is positioned at the bottom end of the trough module 3, is fixedly arranged on the X, Y shaft moving mechanism 2, and is used for projecting the photocuring formed pattern onto the composite deposition platform 622.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the light processing device 35 is a projection apparatus including:
a curing light source, a light emitting screen composed of a plurality of light emitting devices;
and the projection panel is used for fixing the curing light source.
In the above embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the extrusion platform 61 includes L-shaped mounting plates 611 and 612, a feed driving motor ball screw 613, a feed driving motor 614, a torque limiting clamp 615, a U-shaped slot 616, a needle 617, and a temperature control system 618.
In the above embodiment, preferably, L-shaped mounting plates 611, 612 are used to fix the feed drive motor 614 to the extrusion gear plate 631 and to correct the offset of the feed drive motor ball screw 613 during movement, respectively;
the torque limiting clamp 615 is connected with a feed driving motor ball screw 613 through threads and comprises a ball bearing 6151 and a steel ball bearing movable head 6152;
a ball bearing 6151 for reducing friction;
a ball bearing movable head 6152 for eliminating the torque generated in the feeding process of the feeding driving motor ball screw 613;
the U-shaped slot 616 is fixed at the tail of the needle tube 617, and the contact surface between the U-shaped slot 616 and the ball bearing movable head 6152 is a hemispherical groove, so as to avoid the problem that the ball bearing movable head 6152 causes the piston shaft of the needle tube 617 to be stressed and deviated in the moving process, and facilitate the uniform feeding of the needle tube 617.
In the above embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 3, temperature control system 618 includes cooling fan 6181, cooling hole 6182, needle tube hole 6183;
the cooling fan 6181 is used for dissipating the waste heat in the temperature control system 618 to achieve rapid cooling;
the heat dissipation holes 6182 are used for uniformly dissipating waste heat in the temperature control system 618 and preventing local overheating;
the needle tube hole 6183 is embedded with a polyimide heating film, so that the needle tube 617 is uniformly heated in a large area.
In the above embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 4, 5, and 6, the photo-curing molding platform 62 includes a photo-curing molding fixing module 621, a composite deposition platform 622;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps: a light-curing molding fixing module 621, configured to fix the light-curing molding platform 62 to the light-curing molding gear plate 632 and connect the composite deposition platform 622, and further including a suction cup type electromagnet 6211 embedded inside the light-curing molding fixing module 621;
a sucker type electromagnet 6211, which is electrically connected with the photocuring molding module 621 and the composite deposition platform 622, and is separated from the two by power failure;
the size and thickness of the composite deposition platform 622 are reasonably designed based on the movement of the subsequent platform and the size of the material groove opening, and the problems of friction, collision and the like with the material groove do not exist.
In the above embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 6, the composite deposition platform 622 further includes: a screw interface 6221, a sliding block 6222, a supporting rod 6223 and a rubber ring 6224;
the threaded interface 6221, the sliding block 6222 and the supporting rod 6223 are integrated, embedded in the composite deposition platform 622 and can translate along the X axis;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps: a rubber ring 6224 is wrapped at the right end of the supporting rod 6223 to prevent the printing material in the trough from immersing inside the composite deposition platform 622, and at the same time, when the supporting rod is pushed to the right 31 end of the drilled hole, the supporting rod is tightly matched with the drilled hole to prevent the composite deposition platform 622 from shaking in the printing process;
the threaded interface 6221 is a movable interface, is embedded in the housing on the left side of the sliding block 6222, and can rotate 360 degrees along the X-axis direction.
In the above embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 7, the non-interference switching device 63 includes: an extrusion molding gear plate 631, a gear 632, a gear motor 633, a light curing type gear plate 634;
the gear motor 633 is fixedly arranged on the Z-axis movement mechanism 4;
the extrusion gear plate 631, the gear 632 and the light curing gear plate 634 are engaged with each other, and the extrusion molding platform and the light curing platform are controlled to move in the reverse direction along the Z-axis direction by the rotation of the threaded rod 6331 of the gear motor 633.
Further, a rack 1 is built by adopting an aluminum alloy pipe, a light shading hood is arranged outside the rack 1, and a control system for controlling the whole three-dimensional printer to operate comprises a single chip microcomputer component and an external PC (personal computer) electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer component and is arranged on the right side of the rack 1.
On the other hand, based on the extrusion-photocuring integrated three-dimensional printer, the invention also provides an extrusion-photocuring integrated three-dimensional printing method, which comprises the following steps:
1) carrying out photocuring molding: through the movement of the non-interference switching device 63 and the Z-axis movement mechanisms 4 and X, Y, the composite deposition platform 622 in the photocuring molding platform 62 enters the trough module 3 and is immersed in the printing material, the light emitted by the light processing device 35 is projected to the photocuring molding platform 62, and meanwhile, the Z-axis movement mechanism 4 moves upwards along the Z-axis direction, so that the printing material is rapidly molded;
2) positioning of composite deposition platform 622: after the photocuring molding is finished, the Z-axis movement mechanism 4 moves the composite deposition platform 622 downwards along the Z axis to be as high as the left 31 of the drilled hole, the X-axis system driving motor 32 is electrified, so that the X-axis system motor lead screw 33 rotates clockwise to feed along the X axis direction to pass through the drilled hole 31, enters the threaded interface 6221 of the composite deposition platform 622 until contacting with the sliding block 6222, the sliding block 6222 moves along the X axis direction, the supporting rod 6223 is pushed to penetrate out of the composite deposition platform 622 and penetrate into the right 31 of the drilled hole to realize tight fit with the drilled hole, and the positioning is finished;
3) forward overturning of the composite deposition platform: after the composite deposition platform 622 is positioned, the suction cup type electromagnet 6211 is powered off, the photocuring molding module 621 is separated from the composite deposition platform 622, and the motor lead screw 33 of the X-axis system continues to rotate clockwise to drive the composite deposition platform 622 to turn 180 degrees relative to the initial position and then stop rotating;
4) carrying out extrusion molding: controlling a gear motor 633 in the non-interference switching device 63 to rotate reversely, so that the extrusion molding platform 61 descends along the Z axis, and the needle head of the needle tube 617 reaches the three-dimensional model after curing molding through the movement of the Z axis movement mechanism 4 and the X, Y axis movement mechanism to perform extrusion-curing molding reprocessing;
5) and (3) restoring the initial position: after extrusion molding is completed, the printing sample is taken down, the X-axis system driving motor 32 drives the X-axis system motor screw 33 to continue to rotate along the anticlockwise direction, the composite deposition platform 622 stops rotating after being turned for 180 degrees, and the X-axis system motor screw 33 pulls the sliding block 6222 connected with the threaded interface 6221 and the supporting rod 6223 back to the initial position along the X-axis direction in the opposite direction in the turning process.
The present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, and the structure, arrangement, and connection of the respective members may be changed. On the basis of the technical scheme of the invention, the improvement or equivalent transformation of the individual components according to the principle of the invention is not excluded from the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. An extrusion-photocuring integrated three-dimensional printer, comprising: a frame (1);
x, Y shaft moving mechanism (2) fixed on the frame (1);
the light curing molding trough module (3) is fixedly arranged on the X, Y shaft movement mechanism (2) and comprises a drilling hole (31), an X-axis system driving motor (32), an X-axis system motor lead screw (33), an X-axis motor base (34) and a light processing device (35);
the two drill holes (31) are symmetrically distributed;
the Z-axis movement mechanism (4) is fixedly arranged on the rack (1);
the Z-axis system driving motor (5) is fixedly arranged on the Z-axis movement mechanism (4);
the composite molding platform module (6) is fixedly arranged on the Z-axis movement mechanism (4), comprises an extrusion molding platform (61), a photocuring molding platform (62) and an interference-free switching device (63), and is used for controlling the extrusion molding platform (61) and the photocuring molding platform (62) to move along the Z axis through meshing of a motor driving gear;
and the light processing device (35) is positioned at the bottom end of the material groove module (3), is fixedly arranged on the X, Y shaft moving mechanism (2), and is used for projecting the photocuring formed pattern onto the composite deposition platform (622).
2. The extrusion-photocuring integrated three-dimensional printer of claim 1, wherein the light processing device (35) is a projection device comprising:
a curing light source, a light emitting screen composed of a plurality of light emitting devices;
and the projection panel is used for fixing the curing light source.
3. The extrusion-photocuring integrated three-dimensional printer of claim 1, wherein: the extrusion molding platform (61) comprises L-shaped mounting plates (611) and (612), a feeding driving motor ball screw (613), a feeding driving motor (614), a torque limiting clamp (615), a U-shaped clamping groove (616), a needle tube (617) and a temperature control system (618);
the L-shaped mounting plates (611) and (612) are respectively used for fixing the feed driving motor (614) on the extrusion molding gear plate (631) and correcting the offset generated by the ball screw (613) of the fixed feed driving motor in the movement process;
the torque limiting clamp (615) is connected with a feed driving motor ball screw (613) through threads and comprises a ball bearing (6151) and a steel ball bearing movable head (6152);
a ball bearing (6151) for reducing friction;
the steel ball bearing movable head (6152) is used for eliminating torque generated in the feeding process of the feeding driving motor ball screw (613);
the U-shaped clamping groove (616) is fixed at the tail of the needle tube (617), the contact surface of the U-shaped clamping groove and the steel ball bearing movable head (6152) is a hemispherical groove, the U-shaped clamping groove is used for avoiding the problem that a piston shaft of the needle tube (617) is stressed and deviated in the moving process of the steel ball bearing movable head (6152), and meanwhile, the U-shaped clamping groove is beneficial to uniform feeding of the needle tube (617);
the temperature control system (618) comprises a cooling fan (6181), a cooling hole (6182) and a needle tube hole (6183);
the cooling fan (6181) is used for dissipating the waste heat in the temperature control system (618) to achieve rapid cooling;
the heat dissipation holes (6182) are used for uniformly dissipating the waste heat in the temperature control system (618) and preventing local overheating;
the needle tube hole (6183) is embedded with a polyimide heating film, so that the needle tube (617) is uniformly heated in a large area.
4. The integrated extrusion-stereolithography printer of claim 1 wherein said stereolithography platform (62) comprises a stereolithography fixture block (621), a composite deposition platform (622);
the light curing molding fixing module (621) is used for fixing the light curing molding platform (62) on the light curing molding gear plate (632) and connecting the composite deposition platform (622), and is characterized by further comprising a sucker type electromagnet (6211) embedded in the light curing molding fixing module (621);
the sucker type electromagnet (6211) is electrified to connect the photocuring molding module (621) and the composite deposition platform (622), and the two are separated by power failure;
the size and the thickness of the composite deposition platform (622) are reasonably designed based on the movement of the subsequent platform and the size of the material groove opening, and the problems of friction, collision and the like with the material groove do not exist;
the composite deposition platform (622) further comprises: the screw thread interface (6221), the sliding block (6222), the supporting rod (6223) and the rubber ring (6224);
the threaded interface (6221), the sliding block (6222) and the supporting rod (6223) are integrated, embedded in the composite deposition platform (622) and can translate along the X axis;
the rubber ring (6224) is wrapped at the right port of the supporting rod (6223) and used for preventing the printing material in the trough from immersing into the composite deposition platform (622), and meanwhile, the supporting rod is tightly matched with the drilling hole (right) (31) when being pushed to the drilling hole end, so that the composite deposition platform (622) is prevented from shaking in the printing process;
the threaded interface (6221) is a movable interface, is embedded in the shell at the left side of the sliding block (6222), and can rotate 360 degrees along the X-axis direction.
5. The extrusion-photocuring integrated three-dimensional printer of claim 1, wherein the non-interference switching device (63) comprises: an extrusion molding gear plate (631), a gear (632), a gear motor (633), and a light curing type gear plate (634);
the gear motor (633) is fixedly arranged on the Z-axis movement mechanism (4);
the extrusion molding gear plate (631), the gear (632) and the light curing type gear plate (634) are meshed with each other, and the extrusion molding platform and the light curing type platform are controlled to move in the reverse direction along the Z-axis direction through rotation of a threaded rod (6331) of a gear motor (633).
6. The extrusion-photocuring integrated three-dimensional printer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the frame (1) is constructed by aluminum alloy pipes, a light shield cover is arranged outside the frame (1), and a control system for controlling the operation of the whole three-dimensional printer comprises a single chip microcomputer component and an external PC (personal computer) electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer component and is arranged on the right side of the frame (1).
7. A printing method based on the extrusion-photocuring integrated three-dimensional printer of any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps:
1) carrying out photocuring molding: through the movement of the non-interference switching device (63), the Z-axis movement mechanism (4) and the X, Y-axis movement mechanism, a composite deposition platform (622) in the photocuring molding platform (62) enters the trough module (3) and is immersed in the printing material, light emitted by the light processing device (35) is projected to the photocuring molding platform (62), and meanwhile, the Z-axis movement mechanism (4) moves upwards along the Z-axis direction, so that the printing material is rapidly molded;
2) positioning of the composite deposition platform (622) is performed: after the photocuring forming is completed, the Z-axis movement mechanism (4) moves the composite deposition platform (622) downwards along the Z axis to be as high as the drill hole (left) (31), the X-axis system driving motor (32) is electrified, so that the motor lead screw (33) of the X-axis system rotates along the clockwise direction to make the X-axis direction feed to pass through the drill hole (31), enter the threaded interface (6221) of the composite deposition platform (622) until contacting the sliding block (6222), the sliding block (6222) moves along the X axis direction, the supporting rod (6223) is pushed to penetrate out of the composite deposition platform (622) and penetrate through the drill hole (right) (31) to realize tight fit with the drill hole (right) (31), and the positioning is completed;
3) forward overturning of the composite deposition platform: after the composite deposition platform (622) is positioned, the suction cup type electromagnet (6211) is powered off, the photocuring molding module (621) is separated from the composite deposition platform (622), and the motor lead screw (33) of the X-axis system continuously rotates clockwise to drive the composite deposition platform (622) to turn 180 degrees relative to the initial position and then stop rotating;
4) carrying out extrusion molding: controlling a gear motor (633) in the non-interference switching device (63) to rotate reversely, enabling the extrusion molding platform (61) to descend along the Z axis, and enabling the needle head of the needle tube (617) to reach the solidified and molded three-dimensional model through the movement of the Z axis movement mechanism (4) and the X, Y axis movement mechanism to be subjected to extrusion-solidification molding reprocessing;
5) and (3) restoring the initial position: after extrusion molding is finished, a printing sample is taken down, the X-axis system driving motor (32) drives the motor lead screw (33) of the X-axis system to continuously rotate along the anticlockwise direction, the composite deposition platform (622) stops rotating after being turned for 180 degrees, and the motor lead screw (33) of the X-axis system reversely drags the sliding block (6222) connected with the threaded interface (6221) and the supporting rod (6223) to the initial position along the X-axis direction in the turning process.
CN202110792894.2A 2021-07-14 2021-07-14 Extrusion molding-photocuring integrated three-dimensional printer and printing method thereof Pending CN113334761A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115366412A (en) * 2022-08-23 2022-11-22 湖南大学 Multi-material component composite printing forming method and system
CN116572525A (en) * 2023-04-13 2023-08-11 合肥中健三维科技有限公司 Biological 3D printer of integrated biological cultivation function

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115366412A (en) * 2022-08-23 2022-11-22 湖南大学 Multi-material component composite printing forming method and system
CN115366412B (en) * 2022-08-23 2024-05-07 湖南大学 Multi-material component composite printing forming method and system
CN116572525A (en) * 2023-04-13 2023-08-11 合肥中健三维科技有限公司 Biological 3D printer of integrated biological cultivation function
CN116572525B (en) * 2023-04-13 2024-02-06 合肥中健三维科技有限公司 Biological 3D printer of integrated biological cultivation function

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