CN113333156A - Comprehensive recovery method for mineral separation of low-grade iron-containing uranium ore - Google Patents
Comprehensive recovery method for mineral separation of low-grade iron-containing uranium ore Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive recovery method for ore dressing of low-grade iron-containing uranium ores. The method is characterized in that uranium minerals and magnetite are pre-enriched in low-grade iron-and-uranium-containing ores through gravity separation, the magnetite is separated from gravity concentrate through low-intensity magnetic separation, the uranium minerals are removed from magnetic separation rough concentrate through flotation and multiple times of low-intensity magnetic separation, so that the quality of iron concentrate is improved, the radioactivity is removed, the iron grade in the finally obtained iron concentrate is 67.12%, the iron recovery rate is 91.59%, and the radioactivity reaches the national standard; the grade of uranium in the obtained uranium concentrate is 0.261%, the recovery rate of uranium is 84.41%, and the grade of iron is only 1.56%, so that the grade of uranium in the uranium concentrate is improved, and the grade of iron in the uranium concentrate is reduced. The method really realizes the comprehensive recovery of the low-grade iron-containing uranium ore.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a beneficiation method of low-grade uranium ores, in particular to a beneficiation comprehensive recovery method of low-grade iron-containing uranium ores, and belongs to the technical field of uranium ore beneficiation.
Background
According to preliminary statistics, about 39% of uranium ores are associated with other valuable elements in the symbiosis in uranium resources discovered in China, and the elements which can be comprehensively utilized comprise vanadium, copper, lead, zinc, molybdenum, rhenium, niobium, zirconium, gold, iron, rare earth and the like. After decades of development, the uranium ores which are single in uranium metal type, simple in ore property, high in uranium content and capable of being economically exploited are less and less, and a large number of low-grade uranium ores associated with multiple metals gradually become development and utilization main bodies. For low-grade multi-metal uranium ore deposit, the method has no economic value when being independently mined, if associated metal can be recovered while uranium is recovered, part of uranium production cost is offset, the comprehensive economic value of the ore deposit can be improved, and certain mines independently recovering uranium become feasible economically. At present, only a few associated polymetallic ores such as uranium-molybdenum, uranium-vanadium and the like are comprehensively recycled in China, and the associated metals and uranium enter a solution and are separated by adopting a direct leaching method. Iron is contained in a certain low-grade uranium ore in northern China, if uranium is directly leached, because the grade of uranium in the ore is low, the production cost is high, and iron can enter a solution, the separation of uranium is difficult, iron removal is needed, the radioactivity of the obtained iron product exceeds the standard, mineralogy research data show that uranium in the ore is mainly crystalline uranium ore and partial asphalt uranium ore, iron is mainly magnetite, therefore, a beneficiation method can be adopted to pre-enrich uranium in advance, most tailings are abandoned, the grade of uranium entering hydrometallurgy ore is improved, the production cost is reduced, iron ore concentrate with qualified radioactivity is obtained by sorting, and the comprehensive economic value of an ore deposit is improved. Therefore, how to sort and obtain iron ore concentrate with qualified iron grade and radioactivity and obtain uranium ore concentrate with low iron and high uranium becomes a key, and reference is made to relevant documents at home and abroad without relevant reports.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a comprehensive recovery method for ore dressing of low-grade iron-containing uranium ores, which can obtain iron ore concentrate with qualified radioactivity and grade by combining gravity separation, magnetic separation and flotation, realize comprehensive recovery of magnetite, improve the economic benefit of ore beds, improve the grade of uranium in ores, reduce the subsequent processing capacity of hydrometallurgy ores and achieve the purpose of reducing the production cost.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides a comprehensive recovery method for ore dressing of low-grade uranium and iron-bearing ores, which comprises the following steps:
1) crushing and grinding the low-grade iron-containing uranium ore I, and then throwing the tailings by adopting a spiral chute to obtain spiral chute concentrate and spiral chute tailings;
2) grinding II the spiral chute concentrate, and reselecting by using a table concentrator to obtain table concentrator concentrate and table concentrator tailings;
3) after carrying out ore grinding III on the table concentrate, obtaining magnetic separation rough concentrate and magnetic separation scavenging tailings I through a primary magnetic separation I + primary magnetic separation scavenging process;
4) grinding the magnetic separation rough concentrate IV, mixing the slurry, taking corn starch as an inhibitor, taking lead nitrate as an activator, taking dodecyl phosphite and trialkyl phosphine oxide as a combined collecting agent, and performing primary roughing and primary scavenging flotation to obtain a flotation uranium concentrate, a scavenging uranium concentrate and scavenging tailings;
5) the scavenging tailings are subjected to uranium removal through magnetic separation II, the magnetic separation concentrate is iron concentrate (the radioactivity and the grade are both qualified), and the magnetic separation tailings II are uranium concentrate.
Aiming at the problems that the grade of uranium in low-grade iron-containing uranium ore is low, the direct hydrometallurgy production cost is high, and the separation and extraction of uranium are affected by the fact that iron in the ore enters a solution in the leaching process; the tailings generated in the process of selecting the iron ore concentrate are uranium enriched ores, the grade of uranium in the uranium ore concentrate is 0.261%, the recovery rate of uranium is 84.41%, and the grade of iron is only 1.56%.
As a preferred scheme, the ore I is ground to a fineness of less than 3mm, more preferably less than 2.5mm, and still more preferably less than 2 mm. Can realize the selectivity breakage of magnetite, crystalline uranium ore and gangue in the preliminary breakage and the ore grinding process of ore, useful mineral such as iron ore and uranium ore are preferentially broken, with the rough separation of gangue granule, expose more useful mineral on broken ore surface, and ore grinding is favorable to useful mineral and the dissociation of gangue mineral to suitable granularity, can guarantee that spiral chute tailing can directly throw the tail, reduces the loss of useful mineral.
As a preferable scheme, the spiral chute concentrate is ground II to fineness less than 0.6mm, more preferably less than 0.5mm, and even more preferably less than 0.4 mm. Adopting a screen mesh with the size of 0.074mm to classify into +0.074mm size fraction and-0.074 mm size fraction, respectively adopting a table concentrator to separate the two size fractions to obtain table concentrator I and table concentrator tailings I, table concentrator II and table concentrator tailings II, combining the table concentrator I and the table concentrator II into table concentrator, and combining the table concentrator I and the table concentrator tailings II into table concentrator. After ore grinding is carried out on the spiral chute concentrate to a proper granularity, classification is carried out firstly, then the minerals with different size fractions are separated by adopting a table concentrator respectively, and the table concentrator gravity separation is carried out by utilizing the characteristics of different ore grinding fineness and different specific gravity, so that the gravity separation recovery rate of the uranium minerals and the magnetite can be effectively improved.
As a preferable scheme, the ore mill III grinds ore until the fineness meets the requirement that the mass percentage content of-0.074 mm fraction accounts for 20-50%. The magnetite and uranium minerals are physically dissociated after being ground to a proper granularity, so that the magnetite with strong magnetism can be preferentially separated by matching with low-intensity magnetic separation.
As a preferable scheme, the magnetic separation intensity adopted by the magnetic separation I is 800-1500 Oe, the magnetic field intensity adopted by the magnetic separation scavenging is 1200-2000 Oe, and the magnetic separation concentrate and the magnetic separation scavenging concentrate are combined into magnetic separation rough concentrate. Through a low intensity magnetic separation, can mostly retrieve the stronger magnetite of magnetism, and remaining iron ore in the magnetic separation tailing can sweep through improving magnetic field intensity and select for recovery to improve the rate of recovery of magnetite, and effectively desorption uranium mineral.
As a preferable scheme, the ore IV is ground until the fineness meets the requirement that the mass percentage of-0.074 mm fraction accounts for 55-90%. Further grinding the magnetic separation rough concentrate is beneficial to exposing uranium minerals accompanied in magnetite and subsequent flotation and uranium removal.
As a preferable scheme, the pulp conditioning is adjusted to the pulp concentration of 15-40%. As a preferred scheme, the roughing medicament system in the flotation process is as follows: 300-2500 g/t of corn starch, 100-2000 g/t of lead nitrate, 20-200 g/t of dodecyl phosphite and 10-100 g/t of trialkyl phosphine oxide. Under the condition that corn starch is used as a magnetite inhibitor and lead nitrate is used as a uranium ore activating agent, the separation of magnetite and uranium minerals in the magnetic separation rough concentrate can be effectively realized by adopting a special combined flotation reagent.
As a preferred scheme, the scavenging chemical system in the flotation process is as follows: 10-50 g/t dodecyl phosphite and 5-20 g/t trialkyl phosphine oxide.
As an optimal scheme, the magnetic field intensity adopted by the magnetic separation II is 800-1200 Oe, the magnetic separation times are 1-4, and the magnetic separation tailings are combined into uranium concentrate. The magnetic separation process is mainly used for reducing the content of uranium ores in magnetite to obtain iron ore concentrate with qualified radioactivity and grade.
The invention provides a comprehensive recovery method for ore dressing of low-grade iron-containing uranium ores, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) ore crushing: the ore is crushed to be less than 6mm by the high-pressure roller mill, the ore is crushed by the high-pressure roller mill, the magnetite, the crystalline uranium ore and the gangue, which are target minerals, can be selectively crushed, the useful minerals are preferentially crushed and separated from the gangue particles, more useful minerals are exposed on the surface of the crushed ore, and the dissociation of the useful minerals and the gangue is facilitated in the next ore grinding process.
(2) Pre-throwing the tail of a spiral chute: after ore crushing, grinding the fineness of the ore to be less than 3mm by using a ball mill, and discarding the tailings in advance by using a spiral chute to obtain spiral chute concentrate and spiral chute tailings.
(3) And (3) reselecting a shaking table: grinding the spiral chute concentrate obtained in the step (2) by using a ball mill until the fineness is less than 0.6mm, dividing the spiral chute concentrate into a part with the size of +0.074mm and a part with the size of-0.074 mm by using a sieve with the size of a sieve pore of 0.074mm, and respectively sorting by using a shaking table to obtain shaking table concentrate I and shaking table tailings I, and shaking table concentrate II and shaking table tailings II; and combining the table concentrate I and the table concentrate II into table concentrate, and combining the table tailings I and the table tailings II into table tailings.
(4) Low-intensity magnetic separation of magnetite: 1) grinding the table concentrator concentrate obtained in the step (3) to-0.074 mm which accounts for 20-50%, and carrying out magnetic separation for 1 time under the condition of the magnetic field intensity of 800-1500 Oe to obtain magnetic concentrate I and magnetic tailings I; 2) scavenging the magnetic separation tailings I obtained in the step 1) for 1 time under the condition of the magnetic field intensity of 1200-2000 Oe to obtain magnetic separation scavenging concentrates and magnetic separation scavenging tailings; 3) and (3) combining the magnetic separation concentrate I obtained in the step 1) and the magnetic separation scavenging concentrate obtained in the step 2) to obtain magnetic separation rough concentrate.
(5) And (3) removing uranium minerals by flotation: 1) regrinding the magnetic separation rough concentrate obtained in the step 3) in the step (4) by using a ball mill until the fineness is-0.074 mm and accounts for 55-90%, so that magnetite, gangue and uranium minerals are further dissociated; 2) adjusting the concentration of the ore pulp to 15-40%, adding 300-2500 g/t of magnetite inhibitor corn starch into the ore pulp, stirring the flotation machine for 5-15 min at the rotation speed of 1000-2000 r/min, adding 100-2000 g/t of uranium mineral activator lead nitrate, stirring the flotation machine for 5-15 min at the rotation speed of 1000-2000 r/min, adding 20-200 g/t of uranium mineral collecting agent dodecyl phosphite and 10-100 g/t of trialkyl phosphine oxide, stirring the flotation machine for 5-15 min at the rotation speed of 1000-2000 r/min, and aerating to float the uranium mineral after the reagents and the mineral fully act to obtain float concentrate uranium and float tailings; 3) adding 10-50 g/t of uranium mineral collecting agent dodecyl phosphite and 5-20 g/t of trialkyl phosphine oxide into the flotation tailings obtained in the step 2), stirring the flotation machine for 5-15 min at the rotation speed of 1000-2000 r/min, and scavenging for 1 time to obtain scavenged uranium concentrate and scavenged tailings.
(6) Weak magnetic concentration and uranium removal: concentrating the scavenging tailings obtained in the step 3) in the step (5) for 1-4 times under the condition of the magnetic field intensity of 800-1200 Oe to obtain iron ore concentrate, and combining the magnetic concentration tailings obtained in each time to obtain uranium ore concentrate.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the technical scheme of the invention aims at the problems that the grade of uranium in low-grade iron-containing uranium ore is low, the direct hydrometallurgy production cost is high, and the separation and extraction of uranium are influenced when iron in ore enters solution in the leaching process, the technical scheme of the invention adopts technical means of gravity separation, magnetic separation, flotation and the like, so that not only can iron ore concentrate with qualified radioactivity and grade be obtained, the comprehensive recovery of magnetite be realized, the economic benefit of an ore deposit is improved, but also the grade of uranium in ore can be improved, the grade of iron in uranium ore concentrate is reduced, the subsequent processing amount of hydrometallurgy ore is reduced, and the purpose of reducing the production cost is achieved, the grade of iron in the iron ore concentrate obtained by the method is 67.12%, the iron recovery rate is 91.59%, and the radioactivity reaches the national standard; the uranium grade in the obtained uranium concentrate is 0.261%, the uranium recovery rate is 84.41%, the iron grade is only 1.56%, and the comprehensive recovery of low-grade iron-containing uranium minerals is really realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a comprehensive recovery process for ore dressing of low-grade iron-containing uranium ores.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to further illustrate the present disclosure, but not to limit the scope of the claims.
The unit g/t referred to in the following examples, wherein t represents the mass of the raw ore, i.e. the added mass of the pharmaceutical agent relative to the raw ore.
Example 1
The main uranium mineral in a certain iron-containing uranium ore is crystalline uranium ore, and then is asphalt uranium ore, the uranium grade in the ore is lower, the uranium grade is 0.035%, the iron-containing mineral comprises magnetite, hematite and pyrite, more than 95% of the iron-containing mineral comprises magnetite, the iron grade is 6.83%, and the gangue mineral mainly comprises serpentine, feldspar, quartz, biotite, muscovite, fluorite, calcite, zircon stone, monazite, chlorite and the like.
(1) Crushing the ore to-5 mm by using a high-pressure roller mill, grinding the fineness of the ore to-3 mm by using a ball mill after the ore is crushed, and performing pre-tailing discarding by using a spiral chute to obtain spiral chute concentrate and spiral chute tailings.
(2) And (2) grinding the spiral chute concentrate obtained in the step (1) by using a ball mill until the fineness is ground to-0.6 mm, dividing the spiral chute concentrate into a part with the size of +0.074mm and a part with the size of-0.074 mm by using a sieve with the size of a sieve pore of 0.074mm, and respectively sorting by using a shaking table to obtain shaking table concentrate I, shaking table tailings I, shaking table concentrate II and shaking table tailings II. And combining the table concentrate I and the table concentrate II into table concentrate, and combining the table tailings I and the table tailings II into table tailings.
(3) Grinding the fineness of the table concentrator concentrate obtained in the step (2) to be-0.074 mm accounting for 30%, carrying out magnetic separation for 1 time under the condition of the magnetic field intensity of 1200Oe to obtain magnetic separation concentrate I and magnetic separation tailings I, and carrying out scavenging on the obtained magnetic separation tailings I for 1 time under the condition of the magnetic field intensity of 1500Oe to obtain magnetic separation scavenging concentrate and magnetic separation scavenging tailings. And combining the obtained magnetic separation concentrate I and the magnetic separation scavenging concentrate to obtain the magnetic separation rough concentrate.
(4) And (3) regrinding the magnetic separation rough concentrate in the step (3) by using a ball mill until the fineness is-0.074 mm and accounts for 60%, adjusting the concentration of the ore slurry to 15%, adding 600g/t of magnetite inhibitor corn starch into the ore slurry, stirring the flotation machine for 15min at the rotation speed of 1000r/min, adding 300g/t of uranium mineral activator lead nitrate, stirring the flotation machine for 15min at the rotation speed of 1000r/min, adding 80g/t of uranium mineral collector dodecyl phosphite and 20g/t of trialkyl phosphine oxide, stirring the flotation machine for 15min at the rotation speed of 1000r/min, and aerating to float the uranium mineral after the reagents and the mineral fully act to obtain the flotation uranium concentrate and flotation tailings. Adding 25g/t of mineral collecting agent dodecyl phosphite ester and 10g/t of trialkyl phosphine oxide into the flotation tailings, stirring for 15min under the condition of the rotation speed of 1000r/min by a flotation machine, and scavenging for 1 time to obtain scavenged uranium concentrate and scavenged tailings.
(5) And (4) concentrating the scavenging tailings obtained in the step (4) for 2 times at the magnetic field intensity of 1000Oe to obtain iron ore concentrate, magnetic separation concentration tailings I and magnetic separation concentration tailings II.
(6) Combining the spiral chute tailings in the step (1) and the table concentrator tailings in the step (2) to be used as tailings; and (4) combining the magnetic separation scavenging tailings in the step (3), the flotation uranium concentrate and the scavenging uranium concentrate in the step (4), and the magnetic separation concentration tailings I and the magnetic separation concentration tailings II in the step (5) to obtain uranium concentrate.
The test results are shown in tables 1-1, and the radioactivity detection results of the iron ore concentrate are shown in tables 1-2.
Table 1-1 example 1 test results%
TABLE 1-2 result Bq/Kg of radioactivity detection of iron ore concentrate
| Detecting items | 238U | 226Ra | 232Th | 40K |
| Iron ore concentrate | 455 | 611 | 165 | 2609 |
| National standard (GB20664-2006) | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 10000 |
Example 2
The main uranium mineral in a certain iron-containing uranium ore is crystalline uranium ore, and then is asphalt uranium ore, the uranium grade in the ore is lower, the uranium grade is 0.035%, the iron-containing mineral comprises magnetite, hematite and pyrite, more than 95% of the iron-containing mineral comprises magnetite, the iron grade is 6.83%, and the gangue mineral mainly comprises serpentine, feldspar, quartz, biotite, muscovite, fluorite, calcite, zircon stone, monazite, chlorite and the like.
This embodiment has contrasted and has had the influence of flotation and deguranation to the iron ore concentrate radioactivity, and experimental A flow has the flotation and deguranation, and experimental B flow does not have the flotation and deguranation flow.
(1) Crushing the ores in the test A and the test B to-4 mm by using a high-pressure roller mill respectively, grinding the fineness of the ores to-2 mm by using a ball mill after the ores are crushed, and throwing the tailings in advance by using a spiral chute to obtain spiral chute concentrate and spiral chute tailings.
(2) And (2) grinding the spiral chute concentrates obtained in the step (1) of the test A and the test B respectively by using a ball mill until the fineness is ground to-0.5 mm, dividing the spiral chute concentrates into two parts of +0.074mm and-0.074 mm by using a sieve with the sieve pore size of 0.074mm, and respectively sorting by using a shaking table to obtain shaking table concentrate I and shaking table tailings I, and shaking table concentrate II and shaking table tailings II. And combining the table concentrate I and the table concentrate II into table concentrate, and combining the table tailings I and the table tailings II into table tailings.
(3) Grinding the fineness of the table concentrate obtained in the step (2) of the test A and the test B to-0.074 mm accounting for 40%, respectively, carrying out magnetic separation for 1 time under the condition of 1300Oe magnetic field strength to obtain a magnetic concentrate I and a magnetic tailings I, and carrying out scavenging on the obtained magnetic tailings I for 1 time under the condition of 1600Oe magnetic field strength to obtain magnetic scavenging concentrate and magnetic scavenging tailings. And combining the obtained magnetic separation concentrate I and the magnetic separation scavenging concentrate to obtain the magnetic separation rough concentrate.
(4) And (2) regrinding the magnetic separation rough concentrate in the step (3) in the test A by using a ball mill until the fineness is-0.074 mm and accounts for 65%, adjusting the concentration of the ore pulp to 25%, adding 500g/t of magnetite inhibitor corn starch into the ore pulp, stirring the flotation machine for 10min at the rotation speed of 1500r/min, adding 500g/t of uranium mineral activator lead nitrate, stirring the flotation machine for 10min at the rotation speed of 1500r/min, adding 100g/t of uranium mineral collector dodecyl phosphite and 25g/t of trialkyl phosphine oxide, stirring the flotation machine for 10min at the rotation speed of 1500r/min, and aerating to float the uranium mineral after the medicament and the mineral fully act to obtain flotation concentrate and flotation tailings. Adding 30g/t of uranium mineral collecting agent dodecyl phosphite and 15g/t of trialkyl phosphine oxide into the flotation tailings, stirring for 10min under the condition of the rotation speed of 1500r/min by a flotation machine, and scavenging for 1 time to obtain scavenged uranium concentrate and scavenged tailings.
(5) Selecting the scavenging tailings obtained in the step (4) in the test A for 2 times under the condition of the magnetic field intensity of 1100Oe to obtain iron ore concentrate, magnetic selection tailings I and magnetic selection tailings II;
(6) combining the spiral chute tailings in the step (1) and the table concentrator tailings in the step (2) in the test A to be used as tailings; and (4) combining the magnetic separation scavenging tailings in the step (3), the flotation uranium concentrate and the scavenging uranium concentrate in the step (4), and the magnetic separation concentration tailings I and the magnetic separation concentration tailings II in the step (5) to obtain uranium concentrate.
(7) And (4) regrinding the magnetic separation rough concentrate obtained in the step (3) in the test B by using a ball mill until the fineness is-0.074 mm and the fineness accounts for 65%, and carrying out concentration for 2 times under the magnetic field intensity of 1100Oe to obtain iron concentrate, magnetic separation concentration tailings I and magnetic separation concentration tailings II.
(8) Combining the spiral chute tailings in the step (1) and the table concentrator tailings in the step (2) in the test B to be used as tailings; and (4) combining the magnetic separation scavenging tailings in the step (3), the magnetic separation concentration tailings I in the step (7) and the magnetic separation concentration tailings II to obtain uranium concentrate.
The test results are shown in the table 2-1, and the radioactivity detection results of the iron ore concentrate are shown in the table 2-2.
Table 2-1 example 2 test results%
TABLE 2-2 result Bq/Kg of radioactivity detection of iron ore concentrate
Example 3
The main uranium mineral in a certain iron-containing uranium ore is crystalline uranium ore, and then is asphalt uranium ore, the uranium grade in the ore is lower, the uranium grade is 0.035%, the iron-containing mineral comprises magnetite, hematite and pyrite, more than 95% of the iron-containing mineral comprises magnetite, the iron grade is 6.83%, and the gangue mineral mainly comprises serpentine, feldspar, quartz, biotite, muscovite, fluorite, calcite, zircon stone, monazite, chlorite and the like.
In this example, the flotation effect of uranium under the condition of adding different amounts of uranium mineral activator lead nitrate is compared, and the results are numbered as test a, test B, test C, and test D, respectively.
(1) And (3) crushing the four groups of ores in the test A, the test B, the test C and the test D to-3 mm by using a high-pressure roller mill respectively, grinding the fineness of the ores to-1.5 mm by using a ball mill after the ores are crushed, and throwing the tailings in advance by using a spiral chute to obtain spiral chute concentrate and spiral chute tailings.
(2) And (2) grinding the spiral chute concentrate obtained in the step (1) of the test A, the test B, the test C and the test D respectively by using a ball mill until the fineness is ground to-0.4 mm, dividing the spiral chute concentrate into two parts of +0.074mm and-0.074 mm by using a sieve with the sieve pore size of 0.074mm, and respectively sorting by using a shaking table to obtain shaking table concentrate I, shaking table tailings I, shaking table concentrate II and shaking table tailings II. And combining the table concentrate I and the table concentrate II into table concentrate, and combining the table tailings I and the table tailings II into table tailings.
(3) Grinding the table concentrator concentrates obtained in the step (2) of the test A, the test B, the test C and the test D to-0.074 mm respectively to 45%, carrying out magnetic separation for 1 time under the condition of the magnetic field intensity of 1400Oe to obtain magnetic concentrate I and magnetic tailings I, and carrying out scavenging on the obtained magnetic tailings I for 1 time under the condition of the magnetic field intensity of 1800Oe to obtain magnetic scavenging concentrate and magnetic scavenging tailings. And combining the obtained magnetic separation concentrate I and the magnetic separation scavenging concentrate to obtain the magnetic separation rough concentrate.
(4) Respectively regrinding the magnetic separation rough concentrates in the step (3) of the test A, the test B, the test C and the test D by a ball mill until the fineness is-0.074 mm and accounts for 70 percent, adjusting the concentration of the ore pulp to 30 percent, adding 1500g/t of magnetite inhibitor corn starch into the ore pulp, stirring the flotation machine for 10min at the rotating speed of 1500r/min, respectively adding 0g/t, 300g/t, 800g/t and 1200g/t of uranium mineral activating agents lead nitrate, stirring the flotation machine for 10min at the rotating speed of 1500r/min, adding 120g/t of uranium mineral collecting agent dodecyl phosphite and 30g/t of trialkyl phosphine oxide, stirring the flotation machine for 10min at the rotating speed of 1500r/min, and after the medicament and the minerals fully act, inflating the gas to carry out flotation on the uranium minerals to obtain flotation uranium concentrates and flotation tailings. Adding 40g/t of mineral collecting agent dodecyl phosphite ester and 20g/t of trialkyl phosphine oxide into the flotation tailings, stirring for 10min under the condition of the rotation speed of 1500r/min by a flotation machine, and scavenging for 1 time to obtain scavenged uranium concentrate and scavenged tailings.
(5) And (4) respectively concentrating the scavenging tailings obtained in the step (4) in the tests A, B, C and D for 3 times at the magnetic field intensity of 1100Oe to obtain iron ore concentrate, magnetic separation concentration tailings I, magnetic separation concentration tailings II and magnetic separation concentration tailings III.
(6) Respectively combining the spiral chute tailings in the step (1) and the table concentrator tailings in the step (2) of the test A, the test B, the test C and the test D to be used as tailings; and (3) respectively combining the magnetic separation scavenging tailings in the step (3), the flotation uranium concentrate and scavenging uranium concentrate in the step (4), the magnetic separation concentration tailings I and II in the step (5) and the magnetic separation concentration tailings III to obtain uranium concentrates.
The test results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 example 3 test results%
Example 4
The main uranium mineral in a certain iron-containing uranium ore is crystalline uranium ore, and then is asphalt uranium ore, the uranium grade in the ore is lower, the uranium grade is 0.035%, the iron-containing mineral comprises magnetite, hematite and pyrite, more than 95% of the iron-containing mineral comprises magnetite, the iron grade is 6.83%, and the gangue mineral mainly comprises serpentine, feldspar, quartz, biotite, muscovite, fluorite, calcite, zircon stone, monazite, chlorite and the like.
This embodiment has compared the flotation effect to uranium under the uranium mineral collector condition of adding different kind and ratio, and the number is experimental A, experimental B, experimental C, experimental D respectively.
(1) And (3) crushing the four groups of ores in the test A, the test B, the test C and the test D to-4 mm by using a high-pressure roller mill respectively, grinding the fineness of the ores to-2 mm by using a ball mill after the ores are crushed, and throwing the tail in advance by using a spiral chute to obtain spiral chute concentrate and spiral chute tailings.
(2) And (2) grinding the spiral chute concentrate obtained in the step (1) of the test A, the test B, the test C and the test D respectively by using a ball mill until the fineness is less than 0.45mm, dividing the spiral chute concentrate into two parts of +0.074mm and-0.074 mm by using a sieve with the sieve pore size of 0.074mm, and respectively sorting by using a shaking table to obtain shaking table concentrate I, shaking table tailings I, shaking table concentrate II and shaking table tailings II. And combining the table concentrate I and the table concentrate II into table concentrate, and combining the table tailings I and the table tailings II into table tailings.
(3) Grinding the table concentrator concentrates obtained in the step (2) of the test A, the test B, the test C and the test D to-0.074 mm accounting for 50%, carrying out magnetic separation for 1 time under the condition of the magnetic field intensity of 1350Oe to obtain magnetic concentrate I and magnetic tailings I, and carrying out scavenging on the obtained magnetic tailings I for 1 time under the condition of the magnetic field intensity of 1700Oe to obtain magnetic scavenging concentrate and magnetic scavenging tailings. And combining the obtained magnetic separation concentrate I and the magnetic separation scavenging concentrate to obtain the magnetic separation rough concentrate.
(4) Respectively regrinding the magnetic separation rough concentrates in the steps (3) of the test A, the test B, the test C and the test D by using a ball mill until the fineness is-0.074 mm and accounts for 70%, adjusting the concentration of the ore pulp to 30%, respectively adding 1500g/t of magnetite inhibitor corn starch into the ore pulp, stirring the ore pulp for 5min at the rotating speed of 2000r/min, respectively adding 1000g/t of uranium mineral activator lead nitrate, stirring the ore pulp for 5min at the rotating speed of 2000r/min, adding 200g/t of uranium mineral collector benzohydroxamic acid into the test A, adding 200g/t of uranium mineral collector dodecyl phosphite into the test B, adding 30g/t of uranium mineral collector trialkyl phosphine oxide into the test C, adding 150g/t of uranium mineral collector dodecyl phosphite and 50g/t of trialkyl phosphine oxide into the test D, and stirring the uranium ores for 5min by the flotation machine at the rotating speed of 2000r/min, aerating the uranium ores to perform flotation after the agents and the ores fully act, and obtaining flotation uranium concentrate and flotation tailings. Adding 50g/t of uranium mineral collecting agent benzohydroxamic acid into the flotation tailings in a test A, adding 50g/t of uranium mineral collecting agent dodecyl phosphite into a test B, adding 50g/t of uranium mineral collecting agent trialkylphosphine oxide into a test C, adding 35g/t of uranium mineral collecting agent dodecyl phosphite and 15g/t of trialkylphosphine oxide into a test D, stirring the flotation machine for 5min at the rotating speed of 2000r/min, and scavenging for 1 time to obtain scavenged uranium concentrate and scavenged tailings.
(5) And (4) respectively concentrating the scavenging tailings obtained in the step (4) in the tests A, B, C and D for 3 times at the magnetic field intensity of 1000Oe to obtain iron ore concentrate, magnetic separation concentration tailings I, magnetic separation concentration tailings II and magnetic separation concentration tailings III.
(6) Respectively combining the spiral chute tailings in the step (1) and the table concentrator tailings in the step (2) of the test A, the test B, the test C and the test D to be used as tailings; and (3) respectively combining the magnetic separation scavenging tailings in the step (3), the flotation uranium concentrate and scavenging uranium concentrate in the step (4), and the magnetic separation concentration tailings I, the magnetic separation concentration tailings II and the magnetic separation concentration tailings III in the step (5) to obtain uranium concentrates.
The test results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4 example 4 test results%
Example 5
The main uranium mineral in a certain iron-containing uranium ore is crystalline uranium ore, and then is asphalt uranium ore, the uranium grade in the ore is lower, the uranium grade is 0.035%, the iron-containing mineral comprises magnetite, hematite and pyrite, more than 95% of the iron-containing mineral comprises magnetite, the iron grade is 6.83%, and the gangue mineral mainly comprises serpentine, feldspar, quartz, biotite, muscovite, fluorite, calcite, zircon stone, monazite, chlorite and the like.
(1) Crushing the ore to-4 mm by using a high-pressure roller mill, grinding the fineness of the ore to-2.5 mm by using a ball mill after the ore is crushed, and performing pre-tailing discarding by using a spiral chute to obtain spiral chute concentrate and spiral chute tailings.
(2) And (2) grinding the spiral chute concentrate obtained in the step (1) by using a ball mill until the fineness is ground to-0.4 mm, dividing the spiral chute concentrate into a part with the size of +0.074mm and a part with the size of-0.074 mm by using a sieve with the size of a sieve pore of 0.074mm, and respectively sorting by using a shaking table to obtain shaking table concentrate I, shaking table tailings I, shaking table concentrate II and shaking table tailings II. And combining the table concentrate I and the table concentrate II into table concentrate, and combining the table tailings I and the table tailings II into table tailings.
(3) Grinding the table concentrator concentrate obtained in the step (2) to-0.074 mm which accounts for 40%, carrying out magnetic separation for 1 time under the condition of 1500Oe magnetic field strength to obtain magnetic separation concentrate I and magnetic separation tailings I, and carrying out scavenging on the obtained magnetic separation tailings I for 1 time under the condition of 1800Oe magnetic field strength to obtain magnetic separation scavenging concentrate and magnetic separation scavenging tailings. And combining the obtained magnetic separation concentrate I and the magnetic separation scavenging concentrate to obtain the magnetic separation rough concentrate.
(4) And (3) regrinding the magnetic separation rough concentrate in the step (3) by using a ball mill until the fineness is-0.074 mm and accounts for 70%, adjusting the concentration of the ore slurry to 30%, adding 800g/t of magnetite inhibitor corn starch into the ore slurry, stirring the flotation machine for 5min at the rotating speed of 2000r/min, adding 1000g/t of uranium mineral activator lead nitrate, stirring the flotation machine for 5min at the rotating speed of 2000r/min, adding 100g/t of uranium mineral collector dodecyl phosphite and 50g/t of trialkyl phosphine oxide, stirring the flotation machine for 5min at the rotating speed of 2000r/min, and aerating to float the uranium mineral after the reagents and the mineral fully act to obtain the uranium concentrate and flotation tailings. Adding 30g/t of uranium mineral collecting agent dodecyl phosphite and 15g/t of trialkyl phosphine oxide into the flotation tailings, stirring for 5min under the condition of the rotation speed of 2000r/min by a flotation machine, and scavenging for 1 time to obtain scavenged uranium concentrate and scavenged tailings.
(5) And (4) concentrating the scavenging tailings obtained in the step (4) for 2 times at the magnetic field intensity of 1300Oe to obtain iron ore concentrate, magnetic separation concentration tailings I and magnetic separation concentration tailings II.
(6) Combining the spiral chute tailings in the step (1) and the table concentrator tailings in the step (2) to be used as tailings; and (4) combining the magnetic separation scavenging tailings in the step (3), the flotation uranium concentrate and the scavenging uranium concentrate in the step (4), and the magnetic separation concentration tailings I and the magnetic separation concentration tailings II in the step (5) to obtain uranium concentrate.
The test results are shown in the table 5-1, and the radioactivity detection results of the iron ore concentrate are shown in the table 5-2.
Table 5-1 example 5 test results%
TABLE 5-2 iron ore concentrate radioactivity determination Bq/Kg
| Detecting items | 238U | 226Ra | 232Th | 40K |
| Iron ore concentrate | 315 | 411 | 1113 | 1604 |
| National standard (GB20664-2006) | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 10000 |
Claims (8)
1. A comprehensive recovery method for ore dressing of low-grade iron-containing uranium ores is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) crushing and grinding the low-grade iron-containing uranium ore I, and then throwing the tailings by adopting a spiral chute to obtain spiral chute concentrate and spiral chute tailings;
2) grinding II the spiral chute concentrate, and reselecting by using a table concentrator to obtain table concentrator concentrate and table concentrator tailings;
3) after carrying out ore grinding III on the table concentrate, obtaining magnetic separation rough concentrate and magnetic separation scavenging tailings I through a primary magnetic separation I + primary magnetic separation scavenging process;
4) grinding the magnetic separation rough concentrate IV, mixing the slurry, taking corn starch as an inhibitor, taking lead nitrate as an activator, taking dodecyl phosphite and trialkyl phosphine oxide as a combined collecting agent, and performing primary roughing and primary scavenging flotation to obtain a flotation uranium concentrate, a scavenging uranium concentrate and scavenging tailings;
5) and (3) removing uranium from the scavenging tailings through magnetic separation II, wherein the magnetic separation concentrate is iron concentrate, and the magnetic separation tailings are uranium concentrate.
2. The comprehensive recovery method for ore dressing of low-grade uranium and iron-bearing uranium ores according to claim 1, characterized in that: and grinding the ore I until the fineness is less than 3 mm.
3. The comprehensive recovery method for ore dressing of low-grade uranium and iron-bearing uranium ores according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spiral chute concentrate is ground into concentrate II until the fineness is smaller than 0.6mm, a screen with the size of a sieve mesh of 0.074mm is adopted for classification into a plus 0.074mm grade and a minus 0.074mm grade, the two grades are respectively sorted by a table concentrator to obtain table concentrator concentrate I and table concentrator tailings I, the table concentrator concentrate II and the table concentrator tailings II are combined into table concentrator, and the table concentrator tailings I and the table concentrator tailings II are combined into table concentrator.
4. The comprehensive recovery method for ore dressing of low-grade uranium and iron-bearing uranium ores according to claim 1, characterized in that: and grinding the ore by the ore grinder III until the fineness meets the content of-0.074 mm size fraction by mass percent of 20-50%.
5. The comprehensive recovery method for ore dressing of low-grade uranium and iron-bearing uranium ores according to claim 1, characterized in that: the magnetic separation intensity that magnetic separation I adopted is 800 ~ 1500Oe, and the magnetic field intensity that magnetic separation was swept and is adopted is 1200 ~ 2000Oe, and magnetic separation concentrate and magnetic separation sweep concentrate merge into the magnetic separation rough concentrate.
6. The comprehensive recovery method for ore dressing of low-grade uranium and iron-bearing uranium ores according to claim 1, characterized in that:
grinding the IV ore until the fineness meets the mass percentage content of-0.074 mm grade, wherein the mass percentage content of the IV ore grinding accounts for 55-90%;
and adjusting the pulp mixing until the concentration of the ore pulp is 15-40%.
7. The comprehensive recovery method for ore dressing of low-grade uranium and iron-bearing uranium ores according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the roughing medicament system in the flotation process is as follows: 300-2500 g/t of corn starch, 100-2000 g/t of lead nitrate, 20-200 g/t of dodecyl phosphite and 10-100 g/t of trialkyl phosphine oxide;
the scavenging medicament system in the flotation process is as follows: 10-50 g/t dodecyl phosphite and 5-20 g/t trialkyl phosphine oxide.
8. The comprehensive recovery method for ore dressing of low-grade uranium and iron-bearing uranium ores according to claim 1, characterized in that: the magnetic field intensity adopted by the magnetic separation II is 800-1200 Oe, the magnetic separation frequency is 1-4, and the magnetic separation tailings are combined into uranium concentrate.
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