CN113328536B - Multi-relay wireless energy and data cooperative transmission system - Google Patents

Multi-relay wireless energy and data cooperative transmission system Download PDF

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CN113328536B
CN113328536B CN202110730299.6A CN202110730299A CN113328536B CN 113328536 B CN113328536 B CN 113328536B CN 202110730299 A CN202110730299 A CN 202110730299A CN 113328536 B CN113328536 B CN 113328536B
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coil
energy
data
relay
coils
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CN113328536A (en
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管乐诗
肖扬雲
刘畅
王懿杰
徐殿国
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/50—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using additional energy repeaters between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H02J50/502—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using additional energy repeaters between transmitting devices and receiving devices the energy repeater being integrated together with the emitter or the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2804—Printed windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/14—Inductive couplings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/005—Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2804—Printed windings
    • H01F2027/2809—Printed windings on stacked layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/14—Inductive couplings
    • H01F2038/143—Inductive couplings for signals

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-relay wireless energy and data cooperative transmission system, relates to a multi-relay transmission system based on a PCB self-compensating coil, aims to solve the problems that a compensating capacitor is easy to be punctured by a strong electric field and cause point discharge in the existing wireless electric energy transmission system, and comprises the following steps: the energy transmitting coil is electrically connected with the power supply and is used for transmitting the energy provided by the power supply to the energy relay coil; the energy relay coil is used for carrying out wireless relay transmission of energy; the energy receiving coil is electrically connected with the load and used for receiving energy from the energy relay coil and supplying the energy to the load; the data transmitting coil is electrically connected with the modulation circuit and used for transmitting the data signal modulated by the modulation circuit to the data relay coil; the data relay coil is used for carrying out relay transmission of data signals; the data receiving coil is electrically connected with the demodulation circuit and is used for receiving the data signal from the data relay coil to be demodulated by the demodulation circuit.

Description

Multi-relay wireless energy and data cooperative transmission system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multi-relay transmission system based on a PCB self-compensating coil.
Background
Wired energy transmission has the problems of complex electrical connection, large space constraint, limited application occasions and the like, and a wireless energy transmission system is rapidly developed in recent years. Taking the field of high-voltage power transmission as an example, along with the expansion of the power consumption market, it is necessary to establish an online monitoring system of the power transmission line in order to ensure the stable operation of the power transmission line. However, because the transmission line has high voltage, the problem of insulation needs to be considered when supplying power to the online monitoring equipment. Currently, photovoltaic cells and batteries are the two main ways to power monitoring systems. However, in practical applications, both of these approaches have fatal drawbacks. Photovoltaic cells can not provide stable electric energy in rainy and snowy weather, and the storage battery needs to be frequently changed and has the life decay problem after cold weather and many times of charging cycles. Fiber optic power systems are also used to power high voltage transmission monitoring equipment. The main disadvantages of optical fiber power supply are short service life of the laser, high cost of the whole system and difficult popularization.
In order to solve the problem of the above power supply method, a wireless power transmission technology is introduced to supply power to the high-voltage line monitoring device. The wireless power transmission technology carries out energy transmission by means of an electromagnetic field, has an isolation function naturally, and provides possibility for solving high-voltage insulation. The existing wireless power transmission system applied to power supply of the high-voltage monitoring equipment is mostly a multi-relay wireless power transmission system, and the main functional component of the wireless power transmission system is a resonance coil. The resonance coil mainly comprises a coil inductance and a compensation capacitance. However, in high voltage applications, the compensation capacitor on the coil is susceptible to breakdown by strong electric fields. In addition, the use of a compensation capacitor causes the coil to indicate the presence of a tip where charge tends to build up to cause a tip discharge in high voltage applications.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that compensation capacitors are easy to be broken down by strong electric fields and point discharge is caused in the conventional wireless power transmission system, and provides a multi-relay wireless energy and data cooperative transmission system.
The invention discloses a multi-relay wireless energy and data cooperative transmission system, which comprises a multi-stage energy transmission coil and a multi-stage data transmission coil;
the first energy transmission coil in the multi-stage energy transmission coils is used as an energy transmitting coil, the last energy transmission coil is used as an energy receiving coil, and the energy transmission coil between the energy transmitting coil and the energy receiving coil is used as an energy relay coil; the energy transmitting coil is coupled with the energy relay coil, and the energy relay coil is coupled with the energy receiving coil;
the energy transmitting coil is electrically connected with the power supply and is used for transmitting the energy provided by the power supply to the energy relay coil;
the energy relay coil is used for carrying out wireless relay transmission of energy;
the energy receiving coil is electrically connected with the load and used for receiving energy from the energy relay coil and supplying the energy to the load;
a first data transmission coil in the multi-stage data transmission coils is used as a data transmitting coil, a last data transmission coil is used as a data receiving coil, and a data transmission coil between the data transmitting coil and the data receiving coil is used as a data relay coil; the data transmitting coil is coupled with the data relay coil, and the data relay coil is coupled with the data receiving coil;
the data transmitting coil is electrically connected with the modulation circuit and used for transmitting the data signal modulated by the modulation circuit to the data relay coil;
the data relay coil is used for carrying out relay transmission of data signals;
the data receiving coil is electrically connected with the demodulation circuit and is used for receiving the data signal from the data relay coil to be demodulated by the demodulation circuit.
Further, each energy transmission coil comprises two planar spiral coils and an energy coil isolation substrate;
the two planar spiral coils are respectively fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the energy coil isolation substrate, and the two planar spiral coils are in mirror symmetry with the energy coil isolation substrate;
when the energy transmission coil is used as an energy transmitting coil, the A1 end of one planar spiral coil is electrically connected with the B2 end of the other planar spiral coil;
when the energy transmission coil is used as an energy relay coil, the A1 end of one planar spiral coil is electrically connected with the B2 end of the other planar spiral coil;
when the energy transmission coil is used as an energy receiving coil, a load is electrically connected between the end A1 of one planar spiral coil and the end B2 of the other planar spiral coil;
wherein, the A1 end of a plane spiral coil is one end far away from the center of the plane spiral coil; the B2 end of the other planar spiral coil is an end near the center of the planar spiral coil.
Further, the planar spiral coil satisfies the following constraints;
Figure GDA0004052169190000021
wherein R is s A high frequency resistance being an energy transfer coil; n is the number of turns of the planar spiral coil; r is in Is the inner radius of the planar spiral coil; w is the line width of the planar spiral coil; s is the linear distance of the planar spiral coil; r is 0 Designing an outer radius for the planar spiral coil; l is s An inductance that is an energy transfer coil; c s To account for the capacitance between the two planar spiral coils for edge effects.
Wherein the inductance of the energy transfer coil is obtained by:
Figure GDA0004052169190000031
wherein mu is the magnetic conductivity of copper, and the copper is the material of the planar spiral coil; r is out ＝r 0 。
Further, the capacitance C between two planar spiral coils considering the edge effect s Obtained by the following formula:
Figure GDA0004052169190000032
wherein n is the number of turns of the planar spiral coil, and w is the line width of the planar spiral coil; epsilon is the dielectric constant of the energy coil isolation substrate; t is the thickness of the single planar spiral coil.
Further, a high-frequency resistance R of the energy transmission coil s Obtained by the following formula:
Figure GDA0004052169190000033
wherein, the high-frequency resistor R s For when energy is transmittedResistance when the coil is electrified with high-frequency current; r c Total copper loss resistance for energy transfer coil
Figure GDA0004052169190000034
R d Medium loss resistor for an energy transmission coil>
Figure GDA0004052169190000035
ρ is the resistivity of copper; l is the total length of two planar spiral coils in the same energy transmission coil, and delta is the skin depth of copper under the resonance frequency f of the energy transmission coil; d k A dielectric loss tangent value of the isolation substrate for the energy coil; f is the resonant frequency of the energy transfer coil; e is a natural constant.
Further, each data transmission coil comprises two double-D-shaped planar coils and a data coil isolation substrate;
the two double-D-shaped planar coils are respectively fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the data coil isolation substrate, and the double-D-shaped planar coils are vertically corresponding to the data coil isolation substrate;
the double-D-shaped planar coil comprises two D-shaped planar coils which are positioned on the same plane, the two D-shaped planar coils are started by one end of the inner side of each D-shaped planar coil, the two D-shaped planar coils are wound outwards gradually by winding the outline of a semi-ring, and one ends of the outer sides of the two D-shaped planar coils are connected; and the two half rings are symmetrically arranged;
one end of the inner side of one D-shaped planar coil is used as the head part of the corresponding double D-shaped planar coil, and one end of the inner side of the other D-shaped planar coil is used as the tail part of the corresponding double D-shaped planar coil; and the tail part of the double-D-shaped planar coil above the data coil isolation substrate passes through the data coil isolation substrate and is electrically connected with the head part of the double-D-shaped planar coil below the data coil isolation substrate, so that the two double-D-shaped planar coils are connected in series.
Further, the PCB comprises four layers of PCB boards;
the two double-D-shaped planar coils and the two planar spiral coils are respectively arranged on the first layer to the fourth layer of the 4-layer PCB to form a coil group;
the PCB between the two planar spiral coils is used as an energy coil isolation substrate; and the PCB between the two double D-shaped planar coils is used as a data coil isolation substrate.
Further, the interference rejection coefficient A of the data transmission coil between the two coil groups to the energy transmission coil 1pd And A 2pd Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure GDA0004052169190000041
wherein k is d Coefficient of coupling, k, between data transmission coils of two coil sets pd1 Is the cross coupling coefficient, k, of the energy transmission coil and the data transmission coil in the same coil group pd12 The cross coupling coefficient of the energy transmission coil and the data transmission coil between the two coil groups is shown.
Further, the system comprises 11 coil groups which are arranged in an array, and the distance between two adjacent coil groups is 11cm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention designs a data transmission coil suitable for power line carrier communication to form a multi-relay wireless energy and data cooperative transmission system. And manufacturing the energy transmission coil and the data communication coil on the same PCB by using a multilayer PCB technology to form an energy and data cooperative transmission coil group. And constructing a multi-relay wireless energy data cooperative transmission system by using the coil groups. Meanwhile, the PCB technology is adopted, the planar spiral coil is reasonably designed, the parasitic capacitor between the leads is used as the compensation capacitor, the inductor and the parasitic capacitor form a self-resonant circuit, the use of discrete compensation capacitors is avoided, the problem that the compensation capacitors are easy to damage is solved, the consistency of the coils is very good, and the consistency of resonant frequency is ensured.
The double-D coil form is combined with the self-compensation coil technology, the data transmission coil and the energy transmission coil are decoupled, and the self-compensation double-D-shaped data communication coil is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit topology diagram of a multi-relay wireless energy and data cooperative transmission system according to an embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic top view of one planar spiral coil of the energy transfer coil in an embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic top view of another planar spiral coil of the energy transfer coil in an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an energy transfer coil in an embodiment in a side view;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a lumped parameter model of an energy transfer coil in an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a PCB version of an energy transmission coil;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an energy transfer coil and a data transfer chamber coil coupled to one another;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a magnetic induction distribution of a data transmission coil according to an embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a PCB pattern of a data transmission coil in an embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a graph of HFSS simulation results of impedance and phase angle of an energy transfer coil in an embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a graph of the results of HFSS simulation of impedance and phase angle of the data transmission coil in an embodiment;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of coils of respective layers in a coil assembly according to an embodiment; wherein, (a) is a data transmission coil 2 of layer 1, (b) is a data transmission coil of layer 2, (c) is an energy transmission coil of layer 3, and (d) is an energy transmission coil of layer 4;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment in which coil groups are arrayed.
Detailed Description
A schematic diagram of a multi-relay wireless energy and data cooperative transmission system facing a middle-distance and long-distance PCB self-compensating coil in the present embodiment is shown in fig. 1. The working frequency of the energy transmission coil 1 is about 1MH, and the working frequency of the data transmission coil 2 is about 15 MHz.
1. Energy transmission coil 1 design
The results of the self-compensating energy transfer coil 1 based on PCB technology are shown in fig. 2-4. The coil is formed by double-layer PCB, and comprises two identical and opposite plane spiral coils (i.e. the spiral directions of the two layers of coils are the same when viewed from the top down), and the two layers of coils are separated by an energy coil isolation substrate 1-2 (an FR-4 epoxy glass fiber board is used). When the energy transmission coil 1 is used as an energy transmitting coil and an energy receiving coil, a power supply or a load is connected between the A1 and the B2; when the energy transmission coil 1 is used as an energy relay coil, A1 and B2 are connected by a wire. A certain parasitic capacitance can be generated between the two layers of the planar spiral coils 1-1, and an LC series self-compensation resonance coil can be formed by utilizing the parasitic capacitance. Fig. 4 shows a lumped circuit model of the inductance, capacitance, and resistance of the energy transmission coil 1.
The planar spiral coil 1-1 is a planar PCB coil, and the main design parameters are as follows: the number of turns n, the copper wire width w, the copper wire thickness t, the copper wire spacing s, and the PCB substrate thickness (energy coil isolation substrate 1-2) d. By designing these parameters, a specific inductance L can be obtained s Resistance R s And a parasitic capacitance C s 。
Energy transfer coil 1 inductance L s The calculation formula of (c) is:
Figure GDA0004052169190000051
where μ is the magnetic permeability of copper (the material of the planar spiral coil 1-1), and n is the number of turns of the planar spiral coil 1-1.
The double-layer planar PCB coil is structurally characterized in that a layer of FR4 substrate is sandwiched between two layers of copper wires (planar spiral coils 1-1), and a capacitor with a certain size is formed between the copper wires and the planar spiral coils. Capacitance C between double-layer strip conductors considering edge effect s Comprises the following steps:
Figure GDA0004052169190000061
when the energy transmission coil 1 is supplied with a high-frequency current, the high-frequency resistance R of the energy transmission coil 1 s Comprises the following steps:
Figure GDA0004052169190000062
wherein the frequency of the high frequency current should be in the vicinity of the resonance frequency of the energy transmission coil 1.
With a minimum high-frequency resistance R s For optimizing the target, the number of turns n, the line width w and the inner radius r of the PCB coil are designed according to the constraint conditions of inductance value and capacitance value in . First, a high-frequency resistor R s N number of turns, inner radius r in Line width w, so that the objective function is R s (n,r in W). Designed inductance value not less than L 0 Design capacitance value not lower than C 0 Then we get two inequality constraints:
Figure GDA0004052169190000063
according to the geometrical relationship, the following equations hold true between the number of turns n, the line width w, the line distance s and the inner and outer radii of the coil:
wn+(n-1)s＝r out -r in (5)
let n be an integer, n, w, r in Are real numbers greater than zero. The following plan can then be written:
Figure GDA0004052169190000064
the structural schematic diagram of the designed energy transmission coil 1 is shown in fig. 6.
2. Data transmission coil 2 design
In addition to energy supply, data transmission in complex electromagnetic environments is also of paramount importance. The conventional data transmission coil 2 and the energy transmission coil 1 are coaxial, and the problem of mutual interference is easy to occur.
As shown in fig. 7, the coupling relationship between the energy transmission coil 1 and the data transmission coil 2. Wherein L is 1 And L 2 Is an energy transmission coil 1, L d1 And L d2 For data transmission coils2. FIG. 7 shows that there is not only a coupling coefficient k between the energy transfer coils 1 between the coils p And a coupling coefficient k of the data transmission coil 2 d There is also a cross-coupling coefficient k for the energy transmission coil 1 and the data transmission coil 2 pd1 、k pd2 、k pd12 And k pd21 . In practical applications, a certain size of k is required p And k d And the cross-coupling term k needs to be minimized pd The size of (2).
For this purpose, the present embodiment introduces a double D-coil format design of the data transmission coil 2. Fig. 8 shows the magnetic induction line distribution of the energy transmission coil 1 and the data transmission coil 2 in one coil set. The white coil is the energy transmission coil 1 and the black coil is the data transmission coil 2. The black crosses and circles indicate lines of magnetic induction excited by the current of the energy transmission coil 1, and the white crosses and circles indicate lines of magnetic induction excited by the current of the data transmission coil 2. The forks and the rings respectively indicate that the magnetic induction lines are in the direction perpendicular to the paper and out of the paper.
As shown in FIG. 8, in theory, the current I is transmitted from the energy transfer coil 1 P The magnetic flux of the excited magnetic field passing through the data transmission coil 2 is zero, and the current I is generated by the data transmission coil 2 D The magnetic flux of the excited magnetic field through the energy transfer coil 1 is also zero. Thus, the energy transmission coil 1 and the data transmission coil 2 within the same coil assembly are decoupled, i.e. k pd1 And k pd2 Is almost zero, and k pd12 And k pd21 And is also almost zero. In the system, the parameters of each group of coils are consistent, and k is pd1 ＝k pd2 ，k pd12 ＝k pd21 . After the double D coil is adopted, the interference between the energy transmission and the data transmission is mainly caused by the coupling coefficient k pd1 And k pd12 And (6) determining. Defining the interference rejection coefficient A of the data transmission coil 2 to the energy transmission coil 1 1pd And A 2pd Comprises the following steps:
Figure GDA0004052169190000071
A pd the larger the size, the less the data transmission is disturbed by the energy transmission. HFSS simulation shows that when the two coil groups are separated by 100mm, A 1pd ＝81.81，A 2pd =905.1, the interference rejection factor is sufficiently large. This indicates that the double D version of the data transmission coil 2 is disturbed very little, negligible, by the energy transmission coil 1. And the material and parameters of the data transmission coil 2 may be referred to those of the energy transmission coil 1. And the data transmission coil 2 adopts a double D type coil to transmit data, and the communication distance can be increased through relaying.
Fig. 9 shows a data transmission coil 2 according to the present embodiment. The data transmission coil 2 is also of a double-layer structure, and a conducting wire is wound into a double-D-shaped planar coil 2-1, so that the current flow directions of the left side and the right side of the coil are opposite. The upper and lower layers of wires of the data coil isolation substrate 2-2 are aligned, and the parasitic capacitance between the two layers of wires is used as the compensation capacitance of the data transmission coil 2.
The wireless energy transfer system of the present embodiment uses 11 energy transfer coils 1, each coil being spaced apart by 11cm, and an energy transfer distance of 110cm, over which 1-2W of power is transferred.
The wireless data transmission system of the embodiment also uses 11 data transmission coils 2, the coil spacing is 11cm, and the selected modulation and demodulation mode is adopted to realize communication in a complex electromagnetic environment.
The constraint conditions in the design process are as follows: inductance value L 0 >30 muH, capacitance value C 0 >844pF, so that the resonance frequency is less than 1MHz; the inner radius and the outer radius of the planar spiral coil 1-1 are respectively 50mm and 100mm, and the wire spacing of the planar spiral coil 1-1 is 1.5mm. The optimization problem (6) is solved, and the design parameters of the energy transfer coil 1 are obtained as shown in table 1.
High Frequency Structure simulation HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) simulation shows that the inductance L of the energy transmission coil 1 s And a capacitor C s The values are in agreement with the design values, and the design parameters of the energy transmission coil 1 obtained by the design method in the present embodiment are reliable.
TABLE 1 design parameters for energy transfer coils
Figure GDA0004052169190000081
The resonance frequency of the data transmission coil 2 is designed to be around 15 MHz. The resonance frequency was obtained by HFSS simulation, and as a result, as shown in fig. 11, the resonance frequency of the data transmission coil 2 was 14.4MHz, which was in accordance with the design requirements.
The multi-relay wireless energy and data cooperative transmission system of the embodiment is based on the design of a PCB self-compensation coil, the rated input voltage is 48V, the output voltage is 5V, the output power is 1W, the energy transmission working frequency is 960kHz, the data communication frequency is 14.4MHz, and the wireless transmission distance is 110cm. 11 coil groups are used, each coil group being spaced apart by 11cm, each coil being dimensioned according to the inner diameter of the insulator, the outer diameter of the coils (energy transmission coil 1 and data transmission coil 2) being 210mm, the inner diameter being 100mm.
The transmission system adopts a self-compensating planar coil formed by a PCB (printed circuit board). The energy transmission coil 1 and the data transmission coil 2 are printed on a four-layer PCB, the 1 st and 2 nd layers are the data transmission coil 2, and the 3 rd and 4 th layers are the energy transmission coil 1, as shown in fig. 12.
Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a coil assembly array, and the design parameters of the PCB self-compensated coil assembly are shown in table 2. The PCB self-compensating coil assembly was designed according to Table 2, with 11 coil assemblies arranged at 11cm intervals into a coil assembly array. The coil group array is arranged inside the insulator.
TABLE 2PCB self-compensating coil set design parameters
Figure GDA0004052169190000082
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Figure GDA0004052169190000091
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Claims (8)

1. The multi-relay wireless energy and data cooperative transmission system is characterized by comprising a multi-stage energy transmission coil (1) and a multi-stage data transmission coil (2);
the energy transmission device is characterized in that a first energy transmission coil (1) in the multi-stage energy transmission coils (1) is used as an energy transmitting coil, a last energy transmission coil (1) is used as an energy receiving coil, and the energy transmission coil (1) between the energy transmitting coil and the energy receiving coil is used as an energy relay coil; the energy transmitting coil is coupled with the energy relay coil, and the energy relay coil is coupled with the energy receiving coil;
the energy transmitting coil is electrically connected with the power supply and is used for transmitting the energy provided by the power supply to the energy relay coil;
an energy relay coil for wireless relay transmission of energy;
the energy receiving coil is electrically connected with the load and used for receiving energy from the energy relay coil and supplying the energy to the load;
a first data transmission coil (2) in the multi-stage data transmission coils (2) is used as a data transmitting coil, a last data transmission coil (2) is used as a data receiving coil, and the data transmission coil (2) between the data transmitting coil and the data receiving coil is used as a data relay coil; the data transmitting coil is coupled with the data relay coil, and the data relay coil is coupled with the data receiving coil;
the data transmitting coil is electrically connected with the modulation circuit and used for transmitting the data signal modulated by the modulation circuit to the data relay coil;
a data relay coil for relaying and transmitting a data signal;
the data receiving coil is electrically connected with the demodulation circuit and used for receiving the data signal from the data relay coil to be demodulated by the demodulation circuit;
each energy transmission coil (1) comprises two planar spiral coils (1-1) and an energy coil isolation substrate (1-2);
the two planar spiral coils (1-1) are respectively fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the energy coil isolation substrate (1-2), and the two planar spiral coils (1-1) are in mirror symmetry with the energy coil isolation substrate (1-2);
when the energy transmission coil (1) is used as an energy transmitting coil, a power supply is electrically connected between the end A1 of one planar spiral coil (1-1) and the end B2 of the other planar spiral coil (1-1);
when the energy transmission coil (1) is used as an energy relay coil, the A1 end of one planar spiral coil (1-1) is electrically connected with the B2 end of the other planar spiral coil (1-1);
when the energy transmission coil (1) is used as an energy receiving coil, a load is electrically connected between the end A1 of one planar spiral coil (1-1) and the end B2 of the other planar spiral coil (1-1);
wherein, the A1 end of one plane spiral coil (1-1) is one end far away from the center of the plane spiral coil (1-1); the end B2 of the other planar spiral coil (1-1) is one end close to the center of the planar spiral coil (1-1);
the planar spiral coil (1-1) satisfies the following constraints;
Figure FDA0003835060080000021
wherein R is s A high-frequency resistor being an energy transmission coil (1); n is the number of turns of the planar spiral coil (1-1); r is in Is the inner radius of the plane spiral coil (1-1); w is the line width of the planar spiral coil (1-1); s is the linear distance of the planar spiral coil (1-1); r is 0 Designing an outer radius for the planar spiral coil (1-1); l is s Is the inductance of the energy transmission coil (1); c s To account for the capacitance between two planar spiral coils (1-1) of the edge effect; l is 0 Is the minimum value of inductance, C 0 The capacitance minimum.
2. The multi-relay wireless energy and data cooperative transmission system according to claim 1, wherein the inductance of the energy transmission coil (1) is obtained by the following formula:
Figure FDA0003835060080000022
mu is the magnetic conductivity of copper, and the copper is the material of the planar spiral coil (1-1); r is out ＝r 0 。
3. The multi-relay wireless energy and data cooperative transmission system according to claim 1, wherein a capacitance C between two planar spiral coils (1-1) considering an edge effect s Obtained by the following formula:
Figure FDA0003835060080000023
wherein n is the number of turns of the planar spiral coil (1-1), and w is the line width of the planar spiral coil (1-1); epsilon is the dielectric constant of the energy coil isolation substrate (1-2); t is the thickness of the single planar spiral coil (1-1); d is the thickness of the energy coil isolation substrate.
4. Multi-relay wireless energy and data cooperative transmission system according to claim 1, wherein the high frequency resistance R of the energy transmission coil (1) s Obtained by the following formula:
Figure FDA0003835060080000024
wherein, the high-frequency resistor R s Is a resistance when the energy transmission coil (1) is energized with a high-frequency current; r c Is the total copper loss resistance of the energy transmission coil (1)
Figure FDA0003835060080000031
R d Medium loss resistor for an energy transmission coil (1)>
Figure FDA0003835060080000032
ρ is the resistivity of copper; l is the total length of two planar spiral coils (1-1) in the same energy transmission coil (1), and delta is the skin depth of copper at the resonant frequency f of the energy transmission coil (1); d k A dielectric loss tangent value of the energy coil isolation substrate (1-2); f is the harmonic of the energy transmission coil (1)Vibration frequency; e is a natural constant; t is the thickness of the single planar spiral coil (1-1).
5. The multi-relay wireless energy and data cooperative transmission system according to claim 1, wherein each data transmission coil (2) comprises two double D-shaped planar coils (2-1) and one data coil isolation substrate (2-2);
the two double-D-shaped planar coils (2-1) are respectively fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the data coil isolation substrate (2-2), and the double-D-shaped planar coils (2-1) correspond to the data coil isolation substrate (2-2) up and down;
the double-D-shaped planar coil (2-1) comprises two D-shaped planar coils which are positioned on the same plane, the two D-shaped planar coils are started by one end of the inner side of each D-shaped planar coil, the two D-shaped planar coils are wound outwards gradually around the outline of a semi-ring, and one ends of the outer sides of the two D-shaped planar coils are connected; and the two half rings are symmetrically arranged;
one end of the inner side of one D-shaped planar coil is used as the head part of the corresponding double D-shaped planar coil (2-1), and one end of the inner side of the other D-shaped planar coil is used as the tail part of the corresponding double D-shaped planar coil (2-1); and the tail part of the double-D-shaped planar coil (2-1) above the data coil isolation substrate (2-2) penetrates through the data coil isolation substrate (2-2) to be electrically connected with the head part of the double-D-shaped planar coil (2-1) below, so that the two double-D-shaped planar coils (2-1) are connected in series.
6. The multi-relay wireless energy and data cooperative transmission system according to claim 5, further comprising four layers of PCB boards;
two double-D-shaped planar coils (2-1) and two planar spiral coils (1-1) are respectively arranged on the first layer to the fourth layer of the 4-layer PCB board to form a coil group;
and the PCB between the two planar spiral coils (1-1) is used as an energy coil isolation substrate (1-2); the PCB between the two double D-shaped planar coils (2-1) is used as a data coil isolation substrate (2-2).
7. The method of claim 6The multi-relay wireless energy and data cooperative transmission system is characterized in that the interference resistance coefficient A of the data transmission coil (2) between the two coil groups to the energy transmission coil (1) 1pd And A 2pd Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure FDA0003835060080000033
wherein k is d A coupling coefficient, k, between the data transmission coils (2) of the two coil groups pd1 The cross coupling coefficient, k, of the energy transmission coil (1) and the data transmission coil (2) in the same coil group pd12 The cross coupling coefficient of the energy transmission coil (1) and the data transmission coil (2) between the two coil groups is shown.
8. The multi-relay wireless energy and data cooperative transmission system according to claim 6, wherein the system comprises 11 coil sets arranged in an array, and the distance between two adjacent coil sets is 11cm.
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