CN113328164A - Vehicle thermal management control method and device and thermal management system - Google Patents
Vehicle thermal management control method and device and thermal management system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113328164A CN113328164A CN202010129894.XA CN202010129894A CN113328164A CN 113328164 A CN113328164 A CN 113328164A CN 202010129894 A CN202010129894 A CN 202010129894A CN 113328164 A CN113328164 A CN 113328164A
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- battery
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- air conditioning
- conditioning unit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
- H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy automobiles, and particularly relates to a vehicle thermal management control method, a vehicle thermal management control device and a thermal management system. The method comprises the following steps of firstly collecting and judging the environmental temperature: if the environmental temperature is more than or equal to the first environmental low temperature value TFAnd less than or equal to the second environment low temperature value TBAnd collecting and judging whether the battery temperature is more than or equal to the battery high-temperature limit value TD: if the battery temperature is more than or equal to the battery high-temperature limit value TDAnd controlling the integrated air conditioning unit to refrigerate so as to cool the battery. The invention carries out comprehensive judgment according to the environment temperature and the battery temperature, controls the integrated air conditioner when the environment temperature is in the range of the low temperature value of the environment and the battery reaches the high temperature limit value of the batteryThe unit refrigerates to guarantee the reliable operation of battery, reduces its high temperature risk. The situation that the integrated air conditioning unit only carries out refrigeration and needs PTC to heat the passenger to cause high energy consumption is avoided, and the situation that the battery has high temperature risk and the integrated air conditioning unit only heats the passenger to cause is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy automobiles, and particularly relates to a vehicle thermal management control method, a vehicle thermal management control device and a thermal management system.
Background
Under the dual pressure of energy and environment, new energy automobiles, especially electric automobiles, become the direction of future vehicle development and are also the focus of research in the automobile field. The power battery is used as a power source of the electric automobile, is a core component which influences the key performance of the whole automobile, and directly influences the dynamic property and the cruising ability of the electric automobile. Currently, available power batteries include lead-acid batteries, nickel-chromium batteries, lithium ion batteries, and the like. Compared with other two batteries, the lithium ion battery has the advantages of light weight, large energy storage, small pollution, low self-discharge rate and the like, and becomes the first choice of the electric automobile.
Lithium ion batteries are very temperature sensitive, and only within a suitable temperature range can the batteries discharge with high efficiency and maintain good performance. The problems of high aging speed, high thermal resistance increase, less cycle times, short service life and the like of the battery are easy to occur at high temperature. To control the battery operating temperature within the desired range, certain heat dissipation measures must be employed. At present, the mainstream heat dissipation modes comprise liquid cooling and refrigeration of the battery pack by an independent air conditioning unit, and the liquid cooling mode increases the energy consumption of the whole vehicle and reduces the continuous mileage of the vehicle; the independent air conditioning unit has higher cost for the battery pack refrigeration mode.
In order to solve the problem, an air conditioner for heating passengers in the vehicle is adopted to refrigerate the battery so as to reduce the cost, the air conditioner is changed into an integrated air conditioning unit, and the functions of heating the passengers and refrigerating the battery are all completed by one air conditioner. This approach has a disadvantage that when the ambient temperature is within a certain low temperature range (the temperature within this low temperature range is not particularly low), the battery needs to be cooled, and the passenger needs to be heated, the integrated air conditioning unit cannot achieve cooling and heating at the same time, and thus a conflict occurs. At the moment, the battery is refrigerated unconditionally when the battery has a refrigeration requirement, and at the moment, if a passenger has a heating requirement at the same time, the passenger is heated by adopting the PTC.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a vehicle thermal management control method, a vehicle thermal management control device and a thermal management system, which are used for solving the problem that the battery refrigeration and the passenger heating cannot be compatible because one air conditioner is used.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
the invention provides a vehicle thermal management control method, which comprises the following steps:
collecting and judging the environmental temperature: if the environmental temperature is more than or equal to the first environmental low temperature value TFAnd less than or equal to the second environment low temperature value TBAnd collecting and judging whether the battery temperature is more than or equal to the battery high-temperature limit value TD: if the battery temperature is more than or equal to the battery high-temperature limit value TDControlling the integrated air conditioning unit to refrigerate so as to cool the battery; wherein the second ambient low temperature value TBGreater than the first ambient low temperature value TF。
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the integrated air conditioning unit is controlled to refrigerate to ensure the reliable operation of the battery and reduce the high temperature risk when the environment temperature is in the range of the low temperature value of the environment and the battery temperature is in the range of the high temperature limit value of the battery. The situation that the integrated air conditioning unit only carries out refrigeration and needs PTC to heat the passenger to cause high energy consumption is avoided, and the situation that the battery has high temperature risk and the integrated air conditioning unit only heats the passenger to cause is avoided.
As a further improvement of the method, if the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the battery high-temperature limit value T to meet the requirement of passengersDAnd if the passenger area has a heating requirement, controlling the vehicle-mounted heating device except the integrated air conditioning unit to heat so as to meet the requirement of the passenger.
As a further improvement of the method, if the battery temperature is less than the battery high temperature limit TDAnd if the passenger area has a heating requirement, controlling the integrated air conditioning unit to heat so as to meet the requirement of the passenger.
As a further improvement of the method, if the ambient temperature is less than the first ambient low temperature value TFIf the passenger area has heating requirements, the integrated air conditioning unit is controlled to heat so as to meet the requirements of the passengers; if the ambient temperature is less than the first ambient low temperature value TFAnd if the battery has a refrigeration demand, controlling a vehicle-mounted refrigeration device except the integrated air conditioning unit to refrigerate so as to cool the battery.
As a further improvement of the method, if the ambient temperature is greater than the second ambient low temperature value TBAnd if the battery has a refrigeration demand, controlling the integrated air conditioning unit to refrigerate so as to cool the battery.
As a further improvement of the method, if the passenger area has heating requirements, the vehicle-mounted heating device except the integrated air conditioning unit is controlled to heat to meet the requirements of the passengers.
As a further improvement of the method, when the integrated air conditioning unit is controlled to refrigerate to cool the battery, if the temperature of the battery is reduced to the safety limit value T of the batteryCControlling the integrated air conditioning unit to stop refrigerating; wherein the battery safety limit value TCLess than the high temperature limit T of the batteryD。
As a further improvement of the method, when the temperature of the battery is more than the high-temperature risk value T of the batteryAWhen the battery is cooled, a cooling request of the battery is received; wherein the battery high temperature risk value TALess than the high temperature limit T of the batteryD。
The invention also provides a vehicle thermal management control device which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the processor is used for executing instructions stored in the memory to realize the vehicle thermal management control method and achieve the same effect as the method.
The invention also provides a vehicle thermal management system, which comprises a BMS and an integrated air conditioning unit, wherein the integrated air conditioning unit comprises an integrated air conditioning unit controller, the integrated air conditioning unit controller is in communication connection with the BMS, the integrated air conditioning unit controller comprises a memory and a processor, and the processor is used for executing instructions stored in the memory to realize the vehicle thermal management control method, and achieve the same effect as the method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the system is as follows:
this embodiment provides a vehicle thermal Management System that includes a BMS (Battery Management System) and an integrated air conditioning unit that includes an integrated air conditioning unit controller communicatively coupled between the BMS and the integrated air conditioning unit controller. The system may implement a vehicle thermal management control method, which is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1.
It should be noted that, in order to implement this method, several limits are set, each being a battery high temperature limit TDBattery safety limit TCAnd battery high temperature risk value TAAnd a first ambient low temperature value TFAnd a second ambient low temperature value TBAnd the relationship is TF＜TB，TC＜TA＜TD. Wherein the first environment low temperature value TFAnd a second ambient low temperature value TBIs two limits of the set ambient low temperature range; high temperature limit T of batteryDIt means that the battery must be cooled after reaching the value, otherwise the battery will have a problem; battery high temperature risk value TAHigher temperature risk value T than batteryASmall, the BMS reaches this value (battery high temperature risk value T) upon detecting the battery temperatureA) Will send the refrigeration demand to the integrated air conditioning unit controller; safety limit T of batteryCMeaning that there is no high temperature risk for the battery as long as the battery temperature is below this value.
In addition, since the vehicle generally includes more than one battery and a plurality of unit batteries, the temperature of each unit battery may be slightly different. For the sake of safety, the battery temperature occurring in this method is the temperature of the highest one of the unit cells, but may of course be the average temperature of the individual unit cells.
The method comprises the following steps:
collecting and judging ambient temperature T by integrated air conditioning unit controllerEnvironment(s)：
1. If TEnvironment(s)＜TFIf the temperature of the integrated air conditioning unit is lower than the preset temperature, the integrated air conditioning unit does not refrigerate the battery at the moment, and only the heating function can be started. Therefore, whether the passenger area has the heating requirement or not is judged at the moment, and if the passenger area has the heating requirement, the integrated air conditioning unit is controlled to heat so as to meet the requirement of a client. And at the moment, if the battery has a cooling demand, the water pump is controlled to be started to self-circulate the battery for cooling. Because the two requirements adopt different devices to respectively carry out cooling and heating, the heating requirement of the passenger area and the cooling requirement of the battery have no sequential judgment sequence.
2. If TF≤TEnvironment(s)≤TBThen the integrated air conditioning unit controller collects and judges the battery temperature TBattery with a battery cell：
1) If TBattery with a battery cell≥TDAt the moment, the temperature of the battery is particularly high and needs to be reduced urgently, high temperature and safety risks exist when the battery is used at high multiplying power, and the integrated air conditioning unit is controlled to refrigerate to reduce the temperature of the battery until the temperature T of the battery is up toBattery with a battery cellDown to TCAnd at the moment, the integrated air conditioning unit can be controlled to stop refrigerating (the integrated air conditioning unit can be controlled to be closed). If the passenger area has heating requirements in the process, the PTC is controlled to heat the passenger area so as to meet the requirements of the passengers; and, if the battery temperature TBattery with a battery cellDown to TCThe heating demand of the passenger area still exists, and the integrated air conditioning unit can be controlled to be converted into heatingTo meet the needs of the passengers.
2) If TBattery with a battery cell＜TDIf the passenger area has a heating requirement, the integrated air conditioning unit can be controlled to heat so as to meet the requirement of the passenger.
3. If TEnvironment(s)＞TBIf the temperature of the battery is lower than the preset temperature, the battery is cooled to a proper temperature, and the battery is cooled to a proper temperature. If the battery has a refrigeration demand, controlling the integrated air conditioning unit to refrigerate so as to cool the battery until the battery temperature TBattery with a battery cellDown to TCAnd at the moment, the integrated air conditioning unit can be controlled to stop refrigerating (the integrated air conditioning unit can be controlled to be closed). If the passenger area has heating requirements in the process, the PTC is controlled to heat the passenger area so as to meet the requirements of the passengers; and, if the battery temperature TBattery with a battery cellDown to TCAnd the heating requirement of the passenger area still exists, and the integrated air conditioning unit can be controlled to be converted into heating so as to meet the requirement of the passenger.
The cooling requirements of the battery referred to throughout the above process are sent by the BMS to the integrated air conditioning unit controller. BMS can gather battery temperature T in real timeBattery with a battery cellAnd judging the battery temperature: if TBattery with a battery cell＜TAThe BMS does not send a refrigeration request to the integrated air conditioning unit controller; if TBattery with a battery cell≥TAThe BMS sends a cooling request to the integrated air conditioning unit controller.
In addition, T isEnvironment(s)≤TBStage, increasing the threshold value of the integrated air conditioning unit for refrigerating the battery, and further setting TD＞TATherefore, the liquid cooling unit is started only when the battery is charged at a high rate and a period of time after charging, and the liquid cooling unit is started at the charging and standing stages at night, so that the heating of the integrated air conditioning unit started by passengers is not influenced. And, in particular TF、TB、TC、TAAnd TDThe value of (a) is determined according to the battery capacity and the capacity of the integrated air conditioning unit. The cooling capacity of the air conditioner may be determined first, and the cooling capacity is related to the kind of refrigerant and the type of compressor. Such as integration at presentThe air conditioning unit can not refrigerate at the ambient temperature of below 5 ℃, and then a first ambient temperature set value T can be setFIs 5 ℃. When the battery temperature is higher or lower, the battery life is affected, and the battery needs to be controlled within a certain temperature range in order to ensure a certain battery life, so that the target battery life can be determined, for example, the attenuation of 8 years does not exceed 20%, and the target battery temperature can be obtained as TE，TEThe value of (b) depends on the performance of the battery core itself, and is provided by a battery manufacturer, and another value needs to ensure that the battery does not have high temperature problem, so as to ensure the safe use of the battery. T isB、TAAnd TDThe value of (A) should ensure that the battery does not have high temperature problem, and T is obtained by experimental test and simulation calculation according to different charging and discharging working condition temperature rise conditionsB、TAAnd TDThe upper limit value of (3). T isCThe value ensures that the battery does not have low-temperature safety problem, and T is obtained through experimental test and simulation calculationCLower limit value of the value. To save energy consumption, T is adjustedB、TC、TAAnd TDTo ensure that the average temperature of the battery is not higher than the target temperature TE。
The method is described in further detail below with reference to a specific example. Setting a battery high temperature limit TDAt 40 ℃ and a battery safety limit TCAt 26 ℃ and a high temperature risk value T of the batteryAAt 30 deg.C, a first ambient low temperature value TFAt 5 ℃ and a second ambient low temperature value TBIs 10 ℃.
In the process, the BMS collects the temperature T of the battery in real timeBattery with a battery cellAnd judging the battery temperature: if TBattery with a battery cellIf the temperature is less than 30 ℃, the BMS does not send a refrigeration request to the integrated air conditioning unit controller; if TBattery with a battery cellAnd the BMS sends a refrigeration request to the integrated air conditioning unit controller at the temperature of more than or equal to 30 ℃.
Collecting and judging ambient temperature T by integrated air conditioning unit controllerEnvironment(s)：
1. If TEnvironment(s)If the temperature of the battery is less than 5 ℃, if the passenger area has the heating requirement, the integrated air conditioning unit is controlled to heat so as to meet the requirement of a client, and if the battery has the refrigerating requirement, the water pump is started to self-circulate to cool the batteryBut instead.
2. If T is less than or equal to 5 DEG CEnvironment(s)The temperature T of the battery is collected and judged by the integrated air conditioning unit controller when the temperature is less than or equal to 10 DEG CBattery with a battery cell：
1) If TBattery with a battery cellThe temperature is more than or equal to 40 ℃, the integrated air conditioning unit is controlled to refrigerate to cool the battery until the temperature T of the battery is up toBattery with a battery cellCooling to 26 ℃, and controlling the integrated air conditioning unit to stop refrigerating; in the process, if the passenger has a heating demand, the PTC is controlled to heat the passenger area to meet the passenger demand, and the temperature T of the battery is controlledBattery with a battery cellAfter the temperature is reduced to 26 ℃, the temperature is changed to control the integrated air conditioning unit to heat so as to meet the requirement of passengers.
2) If TBattery with a battery cellIf the passenger area has heating requirements, the integrated air conditioning unit is controlled to heat so as to meet the requirements of the passengers.
3. If TEnvironment(s)If the temperature of the battery is higher than 10 ℃, if the battery has a refrigeration demand, the integrated air conditioning unit is controlled to refrigerate to cool the battery until the temperature T of the battery is up toBattery with a battery cellCooling to 26 ℃, and controlling the integrated air conditioning unit to stop refrigerating; if the passenger area has heating requirement in the process, the PTC is controlled to heat the passenger area to meet the requirement of the passenger, and the temperature T of the battery is controlledBattery with a battery cellAfter the temperature is reduced to 26 ℃, the temperature is changed to control the integrated air conditioning unit to heat so as to meet the requirement of passengers.
In a whole view, the method controls the integrated air conditioning unit to work according to the ambient temperature and the battery temperature, so that the energy consumption can be reduced, and the battery can be ensured not to be high in temperature.
The embodiment of the device is as follows:
the embodiment provides a vehicle thermal management control device which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the processor is used for executing instructions stored in the memory to realize a vehicle thermal management control method. The device may be an integrated air conditioning unit controller described in the system embodiment, and the implementation method has been described in detail in the system embodiment, and is not described herein again.
The method comprises the following steps:
the embodiment provides a vehicle thermal management control method which is the vehicle thermal management control method introduced in the system embodiment. Since the method has been described in detail in the system embodiment, it is not described herein again.
Claims (10)
1. A vehicle thermal management control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting and judging the environmental temperature:
if the environmental temperature is more than or equal to the first environmental low temperature value TFAnd less than or equal to the second environment low temperature value TBAnd collecting and judging whether the battery temperature is more than or equal to the battery high-temperature limit value TD: if the battery temperature is more than or equal to the battery high-temperature limit value TDControlling the integrated air conditioning unit to refrigerate so as to cool the battery;
wherein the second ambient low temperature value TBGreater than the first ambient low temperature value TF。
2. The vehicle thermal management control method according to claim 1, wherein if the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the battery high temperature limit TDAnd if the passenger area has a heating requirement, controlling the vehicle-mounted heating device except the integrated air conditioning unit to heat so as to meet the requirement of the passenger.
3. The vehicle thermal management control method of claim 1, wherein if the battery temperature is less than the battery high temperature limit TDAnd if the passenger area has a heating requirement, controlling the integrated air conditioning unit to heat so as to meet the requirement of the passenger.
4. The vehicle thermal management control method according to claim 1, wherein if the ambient temperature is less than the first ambient low temperature value TFIf the passenger area has heating requirements, the integrated air conditioning unit is controlled to heat so as to meet the requirements of the passengers; if the ambient temperature is less than the first ambient low temperature value TFAnd if the battery has a refrigeration demand, controlling a vehicle-mounted refrigeration device except the integrated air conditioning unit to refrigerate so as to cool the battery.
5. According to the claimsThe vehicle thermal management control method of claim 1, characterized in that if the ambient temperature is greater than the second ambient low temperature value TBAnd if the battery has a refrigeration demand, controlling the integrated air conditioning unit to refrigerate so as to cool the battery.
6. The vehicle thermal management control method according to claim 5, wherein if the passenger area has a heating demand, an on-board heating device other than the integrated air conditioning unit is controlled to perform heating to meet the passenger demand.
7. The vehicle thermal management control method according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that when the integrated air conditioning unit is controlled to refrigerate to cool the battery, if the temperature of the battery is reduced to the battery safety limit TCControlling the integrated air conditioning unit to stop refrigerating; wherein the battery safety limit value TCLess than the high temperature limit T of the batteryD。
8. The vehicle thermal management control method according to claim 5, characterized in that when the battery temperature is greater than the battery high temperature risk value TAWhen the battery is cooled, a cooling request of the battery is received; wherein the battery high temperature risk value TALess than the high temperature limit T of the batteryD。
9. A vehicle thermal management control apparatus comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the processor is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory to implement the vehicle thermal management control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A vehicle thermal management system comprising a BMS and an integrated air conditioning unit, the integrated air conditioning unit comprising an integrated air conditioning unit controller, the integrated air conditioning unit controller being in communication with the BMS, the integrated air conditioning unit controller comprising a memory and a processor for executing instructions stored in the memory to implement the vehicle thermal management control method of any of claims 1 to 8.
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