CN113325690B - Safety control method for main steam pressure abnormal working condition of thermal power generating unit coordinated control system - Google Patents
Safety control method for main steam pressure abnormal working condition of thermal power generating unit coordinated control system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a safety control method for main steam pressure abnormal working conditions of a thermal power generating unit coordinated control system, which optimizes a steam turbine main control power tracking loop and boiler main control feedforward after triggering load instruction locking under the working conditions of large main steam pressure deviation or overpressure of a unit: the steam turbine main control power tracking PID is switched to a pressure control strategy, when the main steam pressure exceeds a value I, the boiler main control feedforward is quickly reduced, when the main steam pressure exceeds a value II or is judged to exceed a value II, the steam turbine main control carries out emergency pressure relief, a steam turbine main control power tracking loop is switched to a pressure regulating mode, the opening of a regulating valve is adjusted to quickly relieve the deterioration working condition of main steam pressure deviation, the main steam pressure overpressure risk is eliminated, the energy of a turbine boiler is balanced again after the boiler combustion is adjusted, the tracking of the turbine boiler to AGC load instructions is recovered, and the recovery performance and the safety performance of the thermal power unit under the abnormal working condition in the load dynamic response process are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of thermal power unit coordinated control systems, in particular to a control method for performing safety optimization on boiler main control feedforward and steam turbine main control by a thermal power unit under the working conditions of large main steam pressure deviation, locked load and main steam pressure overpressure.
Background
In recent years, with the increase of the power supply proportion of new energy resources such as wind power and photovoltaic power Generation in a power grid, the Automatic Generation Control AGC (Automatic Generation Control) load instruction of a thermal generator set frequently and rapidly changes, but due to the inherent characteristics of large delay and large inertia in the processes of boiler pulverizing, combustion and heat transfer, the following fluctuation of various systems such as coal, water and wind of the set is large, especially under the abnormal working conditions of a combustion system, such as coal breakage and sudden recovery after coal breakage, untimely coal mill start and stop, sudden change of coal quality and the like, the main steam pressure of the set is large, and even the main steam pressure is overpressure in the load reduction process of a high-load section, so that the safe and stable operation of the set is seriously influenced.
In the existing coordination control strategy, a function of locking and increasing and decreasing load instructions when the main steam pressure deviation is large or the main steam pressure is over-pressure is arranged, the boiler main control quickly adjusts coal, water and wind, and the main steam control load instructions of the steam turbine keep the current value to prevent the main steam pressure from further deteriorating; however, in the power loop control algorithm of the steam turbine master control, the actual power still tracks the load command and has the phenomena of deterioration and main steam pressure abnormal working conditions, so that main steam pressure deviation is easily caused to continuously deteriorate under the load locking working condition to reach AGC exit, and even under the high-load overpressure working condition, the risk of further deterioration to cause the action of a boiler side safety door exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art in practical application and provides a safety control method for the abnormal working condition of the main steam pressure of the thermal power generating unit coordinated control system. Optimizing a steam turbine main control power tracking loop and boiler main control feedforward under the abnormal working condition that main steam pressure deviation is large or main steam pressure overpressure generates load locking in the running process of a unit; the method has the advantages that a steam turbine main control power tracking loop is switched to a pressure regulating mode, the opening degree of a regulating valve is adjusted to quickly relieve the deterioration condition of main steam pressure deviation, the main steam pressure overpressure risk is eliminated, the energy of a turbine boiler is balanced again after the boiler combustion is adjusted, and accordingly tracking of AGC load instructions by turbine boiler coordination is recovered.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: a safety control method for main steam pressure abnormal working conditions of a thermal power generating unit coordinated control system is characterized in that after a load instruction is triggered to be locked under the working conditions that main steam pressure deviation of the thermal power generating unit is large or overpressure, the main control power of a steam turbine is tracked and PID is switched to a pressure control strategy, when the main steam pressure exceeds a value I, coal is quickly reduced for main control feedforward of a boiler, and when the main steam pressure exceeds or is judged to exceed a value II, the main control of the steam turbine carries out emergency pressure relief, and the specific scheme is as follows:
after the main steam pressure deviation is large and the load instruction is locked, the steam turbine main control power tracking PID is switched to a pressure control strategy, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s01: the load deviation Δ P divides the part larger than 0 and the part smaller than 0 into a positive deviation Δ P + And negative deviation Δ P - Wherein the load deviation delta P = load set value Pset-real time load Pc;
s02: main steam pressure deviation delta Pr through pressure difference load model function f 1 (Δ Pr) output Epr, where the main steam pressure deviation Δ Pr = main steam pressure set value SPr-main steam pressure real time value Pr, differential pressure load model function f 1 (x) The characteristics of the method are as follows: f. of 1 (Δ Pr) isSetting a dead zone of 0.4-0.7 by using a point symmetric function with (0, 0) as a center, setting Epr less than 0 when delta Pr is greater than 0, and setting Epr greater than 0 when delta Pr is less than 0, wherein the larger the delta Pr is, the larger the beta Epr is, and the function of pulling back the pressure of the steam turbine can be realized under a normal working condition;
s03: when the main steam pressure deviation delta Pr is greater than the load-increasing locking fixed value PrI, the forward deviation delta P is determined + Cut to 0 at a varying rate V to give E + When the main steam pressure deviation delta Pr is smaller than the load reduction locking value PrD, the negative deviation delta P is measured - Cut to 0 at a varying rate V to give E - When the main steam pressure deviation delta Pr is recovered to be within the locking value, delta P + 、ΔP - Returning to normal at a rate of change V;
s04: input delta E = E of steam turbine master control power tracking PID + +E - +Epr；
S05: after the pressure deviation is large and a load instruction is triggered to be locked, a proportional parameter P and an integral parameter I of a steam turbine main control power tracking PID are switched to a pressure control strategy proportional parameter P 'and an integral parameter I' at rates V1 and V2 respectively, and after the locking is disappeared, the pressure control strategy proportional parameter P 'and the integral parameter I' are still switched to the proportional parameter P and the integral parameter I at rates V1 and V2 respectively;
setting main steam pressure with high pressure I value, locking main control load reducing of the steam turbine when the real main steam pressure Pr is greater than or equal to the high pressure I value, and making the negative deviation delta P of the main control of the steam turbine - Cutting to 0 at a change rate V, and simultaneously superposing an overpressure feedforward component in the main control feedforward of the boiler, wherein the overpressure feedforward component is obtained by the following formula group:
the formula I is as follows: FF General assembly ＝FF+lag(FF Overpressure ，T g )
The second formula is as follows:
wherein, FF General assembly For the main control total feedforward quantity of the boiler, M is an adjustable constant less than 0, FF is the original main control feedforward quantity of the boiler, lag (FF) Overpressure ，T g ) Is an inertial element with variable inertia time constant and transfer function of
The input signal of which is an over-voltage feedforward component FF Overpressure S is a Laplace transform operator, and Tg is a set adjustable inertia time constant.
The main steam pressure sets up pressure height II value to set up urgent pressure release trigger circuit, the forward motion weight MW2 of the urgent pressure release of stack on steam turbine master control instruction MW 1's basis prevents that the stove from surveying the too high safety valve action that arouses of main steam pressure.
The triggering of the emergency pressure relief loop is judged by the following conditions:
c01: the real-time value Pr of the main steam pressure is more than or equal to the pressure high II value, and the triggering steam pressure is high II after 10s delay;
c02: the real-time value Pr of the main steam pressure is more than or equal to the pressure high I value, the differential value dPr of the real-time value Pr of the main steam pressure is more than or equal to 0.15Mp/min, and the predicted steam pressure high II is triggered by delaying for 10 s;
c03: the triggering conditions of emergency pressure relief are as follows: the triggered steam pressure is high II or the estimated steam pressure is high II;
the forward motion component MW2 of the emergency pressure relief is superposed on the basis of the main control command MW1 of the steam turbine and is obtained by the following formula group:
the formula I is as follows: MW = MW1+ MW2
The second formula is as follows:
wherein, f 2 (Pr) is a pressure load model function with the main steam pressure Pr as an input quantity, and is characterized in that: the output value is greater than 0, the dead zone is the high pressure I value, and the larger the main steam pressure is, the larger the absolute value of the output quantity is.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects: under the abnormal working condition that the main steam pressure deviation is large or the main steam pressure overpressure generates load locking in the running process of the unit, the steam turbine main control power tracking loop is switched to a pressure regulating mode, coal is quickly reduced under the working condition that overpressure risk exists, the deterioration working condition of the main steam pressure deviation is quickly relieved by adjusting the opening degree of a regulating valve, the main steam pressure overpressure risk is eliminated, the energy of the boiler is balanced again after the boiler is adjusted by combustion, and accordingly tracking of AGC load instructions by coordination of the boiler is recovered.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a control system in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described in detail by way of an embodiment of a 135MW unit, which is illustrated in the accompanying drawings and is not intended to limit the invention thereto.
Examples are given.
Referring to fig. 1, after a load instruction is triggered to be locked under the working condition of large deviation of main steam pressure of a unit or overpressure, the main control power of a steam turbine is tracked by a PID and switched to a pressure control strategy, when the main steam pressure exceeds a value I which is too high, the main control feedforward of a boiler is quickly reduced, and when the main steam pressure exceeds or is judged to exceed a value II which is too high, the main control of the steam turbine is subjected to emergency pressure relief, and the specific scheme is as follows:
a first part: after the main steam pressure deviation is large and the load instruction is locked, the steam turbine main control power tracking PID is switched to a pressure control strategy, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s01: the load deviation delta P passes through two amplitude upper limit (upper limit is 0) and amplitude lower limit (lower limit is 0) function blocks respectively, and the output of the amplitude lower limit function block is positive deviation delta P + The output of the amplitude lower limit function block is negative deviation delta P - Wherein, the load deviation delta P = the load set value Pset-real-time load Pc;
s02: main steam pressure deviation delta Pr through pressure difference load model function f 1 (x) Outputting Epr, wherein the main steam pressure deviation delta Pr = main steam pressure set value SPr-main steam pressure real-time value Pr, and the pressure difference load model function f 1 (x) The characteristics of the method are as follows: f. of 1 (x) Setting a dead zone of 0.5 by using a point symmetric function with (0, 0) as a center, setting Epr to be less than 0 when delta Pr is greater than 0, and setting Epr to be greater than 0 when delta Pr is less than 0, wherein the larger the absolute value of the delta Pr is, the larger the absolute value of the Epr is, and the absolute value of the Epr can be used as a steam turbine pressure pull-back function under a normal working condition;
s03: input delta E = delta P of steam turbine master control power tracking PID + +ΔP - +Epr；
S04: main steam pressure deviation delta Pr greater than increaseWhen the load is locked to a constant value PrI, the forward deviation delta P is calculated + When the variation speed V is cut to 0 and the main steam pressure deviation delta Pr is smaller than the load-reducing locking value PrD, the negative deviation delta P is cut - When the variation rate V is cut to 0 and the main steam pressure deviation delta Pr is recovered to be within the locking value, delta P + 、ΔP - Returning to a normal value at a rate of change V;
s05: after the pressure deviation is large and the load instruction is locked, the proportional parameter P of the steam turbine main control power tracking PID is cut from 0.5 to 1 at the speed of 5/min, the integral parameter I is cut from 14 to 20 at the speed of 20/min, after the locking disappears, the proportional parameter P is cut from 1 to 0.5 at the speed of 5/min, and the integral parameter I is cut from 20 to 14 at the speed of 20/min;
a second part: when the main steam pressure exceeds the high I value, the main control feedforward of the boiler is quickly reduced by coal, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
setting main steam pressure to have high pressure I value =13.3MPa, outputting high steam pressure I when the real main steam pressure Pr value is greater than or equal to 13.3MPa, locking with main steam pressure deviation to reduce load, and passing through or using a function block to make the main control negative deviation delta P of the steam turbine - The variation rate V is cut to 0, meanwhile, the overpressure feedforward component superposed in the main control feedforward of the boiler is cut from 0 to-3, and the overpressure feedforward component is output through a delay function block, the delay time is 15s, and the overpressure feedforward component is obtained through the following formula group:
the formula I is as follows: FF General assembly ＝FF+lag(FF Overpressure ，T g )
The second formula is as follows:
wherein FF is the original boiler master control feed forward quantity, lag (FF) Overpressure ，T g ) Is an inertial element with variable inertial time constant and transfer function of
Its input signal is FF Overpressure S is a Laplace transform operator, and Tg is set to be 15S for the set adjustable inertia time constant;
and a third part: when main vapour pressure exceedes or judges in advance that surpasss II values of height, the steam turbine master control carries out urgent pressure release, specifically as follows:
the main steam pressure setting pressure is high II and is =13.6MPa, when the main steam pressure setting pressure is triggered by an RS trigger, the main steam pressure setting pressure is smaller than and is provided with an emergency pressure relief trigger loop, and a forward motion component MW2 of emergency pressure relief is superposed on the basis of a main control instruction MW1 of the steam turbine;
the triggering of the emergency pressure relief loop is judged by the following conditions:
c01: setting a main steam pressure real-time value Pr of more than or equal to 13.6MPa through an RS trigger, delaying the trigger of the steam pressure to be high II for 10 seconds, and resetting the RS trigger when the main steam pressure real-time value Pr of less than or equal to 13.4 MPa;
c02: the real-time value Pr of the main steam pressure is more than or equal to 13.3, the differential value dPr of the real-time value Pr of the main steam pressure is more than or equal to 0.15Mp/min, and the predicted steam pressure II is triggered by delaying for 10 s;
c03: the emergency pressure relief triggering condition is that the steam pressure is high II or the estimated steam pressure is high II;
the method comprises the following steps of superposing an emergency pressure relief action component MW2 on the basis of a main control command MW1 of the steam turbine, and obtaining the emergency pressure relief action component MW2 through the following formula group:
the formula I is as follows: MW = MW1+ MW2
The second formula is as follows:
wherein f is 2 (Pr) is a pressure load model function with the main steam pressure Pr as an input quantity, and is characterized in that: the output value is greater than 0, the dead zone is a high pressure I value, and the larger the main steam pressure is, the larger the absolute value of the output quantity is.
Those not described in detail in this specification are well within the skill of the art.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A safety control method for main steam pressure abnormal working conditions of a thermal power generating unit coordinated control system is characterized in that after load instruction locking is triggered under the working conditions of large main steam pressure deviation or overpressure of the unit, a steam turbine main control power tracking PID is switched to a pressure control strategy, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s01: the load deviation Δ P divides a portion larger than 0 and a portion smaller than 0 into a forward deviation Δ P + And a negative deviation Δ P - Wherein the load deviation delta P = load set value Pset-real time load Pc;
s02: main steam pressure deviation delta Pr through pressure difference load model function f 1 (Δ Pr) output Epr, where the main steam pressure deviation Δ Pr = main steam pressure set value SPr-main steam pressure real time value Pr, differential pressure load model function f 1 (x) The characteristics of the method are as follows: f. of 1 (delta Pr) is a point-symmetric function taking (0, 0) as a center, a dead zone is set to be 0.4-0.7, when the delta Pr is greater than 0, epr is less than 0, when the delta Pr is less than 0, epr is greater than 0, | delta Pr | is greater, and | Epr | is greater, and the | Epr | is used as a steam turbine pressure pull-back function under normal working conditions;
s03: when the main steam pressure deviation delta Pr is greater than the load-increasing locking fixed value PrI, the forward deviation delta P is determined + Cut to 0 at a varying rate V to give E + When the main steam pressure deviation delta Pr is smaller than the load reduction locking value PrD, the negative deviation delta P is measured - Cut to 0 at a varying rate V to give E - When the main steam pressure deviation delta Pr is recovered to be within the locking value, delta P + 、ΔP - Returning to normal at a rate of change V;
s04: input delta E = E of steam turbine master control power tracking PID + +E - +Epr；
S05: after the pressure deviation is large and the load instruction is triggered to be locked, the proportional parameter P and the integral parameter I of the steam turbine main control power tracking PID are switched to the proportional parameter P 'and the integral parameter I' of the pressure control strategy respectively at the speed V1 and the speed V2, and after the locking disappears, the proportional parameter P 'and the integral parameter I' of the pressure control strategy are still switched to the proportional parameter P and the integral parameter I respectively at the speed V1 and the speed V2.
2. The safety control method for main steam pressure abnormal working condition of thermal power generating unit coordinated control system according to claim 1, characterized in that main steam pressure setting pressure is higher by a value of IWhen the real-time value Pr of the main steam pressure is greater than or equal to the pressure I, the main control load of the steam turbine is locked, and the negative deviation delta P of the main control of the steam turbine is adjusted - Cutting to 0 at a change rate V, and simultaneously superposing an overpressure feedforward component in the main control feedforward of the boiler, wherein the overpressure feedforward component is obtained by the following formula group:
the formula I is as follows: FF General assembly ＝FF+lag(FF Overpressure ，T g )
The formula II is as follows:
wherein, FF General assembly For the main control total feedforward quantity of the boiler, M is an adjustable constant less than 0, FF is the original main control feedforward quantity of the boiler, lag (FF) Overpressure ，T g ) Is an inertial element with variable inertia time constant and transfer function of
The input signal of which is an over-voltage feedforward component FF Overpressure S is a Laplace transform operator, and Tg is a set adjustable inertia time constant.
3. The safety control method for the main steam pressure abnormal working condition of the thermal power generating unit coordinated control system according to claim 1, wherein the main steam pressure is set to have a pressure high value II, an emergency pressure relief trigger loop is arranged, and a forward action component MW2 of emergency pressure relief is superposed on the basis of a main control command MW1 of a steam turbine to prevent a safety valve from acting due to overhigh main steam pressure measured by a furnace;
the triggering of the emergency pressure relief loop is judged by the following conditions:
c01: the real-time value Pr of the main steam pressure is greater than or equal to the pressure high II value, and the triggering of the steam pressure high II is delayed by 10 s;
c02: the main steam pressure real-time value Pr is more than or equal to the pressure high I value, the differential value dPr of the main steam pressure real-time value Pr is more than or equal to 0.15Mp/min, and the predicted steam pressure high II is triggered by delaying for 10 s;
c03: the triggering conditions of emergency pressure relief are as follows: triggering the steam pressure to be II or estimating the steam pressure to be II;
the forward motion component MW2 of the emergency pressure relief is superposed on the basis of the main control command MW1 of the steam turbine and is obtained by the following formula group:
the formula I is as follows: MW = MW1+ MW2
The formula II is as follows:
wherein, f 2 (Pr) is a pressure load model function with the main steam pressure Pr as an input quantity, and is characterized in that: the output value is greater than 0, and the dead zone is the high I value of pressure, and the main vapour pressure is big more, and the absolute value of output volume is big more.
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