CN109491337A - A kind of fired power generating unit coordinated control system and its control method for coordinating - Google Patents
A kind of fired power generating unit coordinated control system and its control method for coordinating Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of fired power generating unit coordinated control system and its control method for coordinating, and fired power generating unit coordinated control system is used to drive the boiler and steam turbine in fired power generating unit；Fired power generating unit coordinated control system includes boiler master controller, feedforward control module, steam turbine master controller.Boiler master controller drives the feedback regulator PID of boiler master controller to carry out control operation according to the deviation signal between main vapour pressure and a preset pressure, makes the deviation zero of deviation signal.Feedforward control module accelerates the response speed of boiler by least two-way feed-forward signal, to compensate the inertia of boiler.Steam turbine master controller is when the deviation of deviation signal is more than a predetermined deviation value, steam turbine master controller treatment deviation signal, to reduce deviation.The contradiction between retardance that the present invention solves the rapidity of Steam Turhine Adjustment and boiler is adjusted, meets unit load response speed to greatest extent, improves the stability of thermal power unit operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coordinated control system of technical field of automatic control and method more particularly to a kind of thermoelectricitys
Coordinated Control Systems and its control method for coordinating.
Background technique
Coordinated control system (Coordinated Control System, abbreviation CCS) is exactly to meet dispatching of power netwoks
Steam turbine, boiler in monoblock are respectively run controller according to respective dynamic characteristic, pass through difference by the burden requirement at center
Operation method and layout strategy, organic connections will be set up between both of which.CCS can fast and automatically to steam turbine
Regulating valve, boiler oil amount, air quantity, confluent are adjusted, and are timely responded load instruction and are maintained the stabilization of main vapour pressure；
Simultaneously in the case where exception occurs in unit, can by limitation load, the means such as fast load shedding (Run Back, abbreviation RB),
It is automatic to carry out accident treatment, guarantee monoblock safe and stable, economical operation under the corresponding parameter of load.
With the raising of Electrial Power Industrial Automation level, power-management centre controls product to unit coordinatedcontrol system
The requirement of matter is higher and higher, such as increases load changing rate, good Static Load, performance of dynamic tracking, stability index.And
And with the continuous variation of coal market, needs to reduce cost from operation angle consideration, admission coal quality calorific value is caused to decline,
So that boiler combustion heat slack time increases.Also, the coordination control strategy of the prior art is not able to satisfy current requirement, when
After load, pressure variable Rate tune up, meet Automatic Generation Control (Automatic Generation in unit load
Control, abbreviation AGC) instruction when, be easy to cause superpressure or long-time low pressure, other parameters caused to transfinite, to influence unit
The safe and stable operation of unit.In addition, RB can not be acted fast and accurately when the Important Auxiliary equipment of monoblock breaks down,
Lead to fault spread.
Summary of the invention
For problem of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of fired power generating unit coordinated control system and its coordinated control side
Method, the coordination control strategy for solving the prior art are not able to satisfy current requirement, after load, pressure variable Rate tune up,
When unit load meets automatic generation control instruction, it is be easy to cause superpressure or long-time low pressure, other parameters is caused to transfinite, thus
The problem of influencing the safe and stable operation of monoblock.
The present invention is implemented with the following technical solutions: a kind of fired power generating unit coordinated control system is used to drive thermal motor
Boiler and steam turbine in group；The fired power generating unit coordinated control system includes:
Boiler master controller drives the boiler according to the deviation signal between main vapour pressure and a preset pressure
The feedback regulator PID of master controller carries out control operation, makes the deviation zero of the deviation signal；
Feedforward control module accelerates the response speed of the boiler by least two-way feed-forward signal, to compensate
State the inertia of boiler；And
Steam turbine master controller, when the deviation of the deviation signal is more than a predetermined deviation value, the steam turbine
The master controller processing deviation signal, to reduce the deviation；The steam turbine master controller is super in the main vapour pressure
When crossing the preset pressure, the aperture of the pitch of the steam turbine is accordingly limited；
Wherein, the feedforward control module is with the load instruction N of fired power generating unit0For feed-forward signal, the boiler master is driven
Controller advancement opens high pitch that is big or turning down the steam turbine, to respond load instruction N0；The feedforward control module
So that the feed-forward signal is driven the boiler master controller, increased or decrease fuel quantity, air quantity, step control is carried out to the boiler
System；The feedforward control module accordingly compensates the dynamic deferred of the boiler according to the pressure divergence value ratio of steam, to adjust
The fuel quantity of the boiler；Boiler master system described in drift correction of the feedforward control module also according to the main vapour pressure
Device, to adjust the combustion rate of the boiler.
As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, when the main vapour pressure and the preset pressure do not wait, the adjusting
Device PID changes its output, to change air quantity, fuel quantity, the main vapour pressure is driven to generate change, and by integral, make described
The deviation of deviation signal is zero.
As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, when the steam turbine is in stable state, the adjuster of the steam turbine is inputted
The algebraical sum of end signal is approximately zero, then has:
(1+s)N0-NE+K(PT-P0)≈0
Wherein, s is the correction factor for dispatching given power, NEFor the real output of the steam turbine, K is one
Preset ratio coefficient, PTFor the pressure value of the main vapour pressure, P0For the pressure value of the preset pressure.
Further, the boiler master controller is with the deviation signal, the energy balance signal P of the steam turbinelP0/
PTFor the feed-forward control signals of the boiler；Wherein, P1For the first stage pressure of the steam turbine, the adjustment of the deviation signal
Amount is greater than the energy balance signal PlP0/PTAdjustment amount.
As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, when the feedforward control module works:
Firstly, the feedforward control module drives the deviation of LDC power output and load target through a preset function f
(x) it is modified, and revised value is first passing through lead-lag module progress differential, carries out using high/low limitation module
Limitation, drives the boiler master controller advancement；
Secondly, the feedforward control module makes LDC function after the preset time that is delayed after unit cooperative control puts into operation
Rate output, the deviation signal deviation first pass through lead-lag module carry out differential, then by high/low limitation module into
Row limitation, is finally overlapped；
Finally, the feedforward control module makes the speed limit setting value of the main vapour pressure first pass through the progress of lead-lag module
Differential, then limited by high/low limitation module.
As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, the boiler master controller setting is adjusted by the adjuster PID
Save at least one feedback loop unit, and the feedback loop unit is in the main vapour pressure and the not equal preset pressure,
By changing air quantity, fuel quantity changes the main vapour pressure, and by integral, is eventually equal to the main vapour pressure described pre-
If pressure.
As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, when the load instruction N0 increases, the steam turbine master controller hair
Command adapted thereto is out to increase the control valve opening of the steam turbine, and then increases the main steam flow for entering the steam turbine, and
Finally make unit actual load NEIt is identical as load instruction N0；
When the load instruction N0 reduces, the steam turbine master controller issues command adapted thereto to reduce the steam turbine
Control valve opening, and then reduce the main steam flow for entering the steam turbine, and finally make unit actual load NEWith load
Command N 0 is identical.
As a further improvement of the foregoing solution, the feedforward control module passes through a preset function f1(x) change institute
The output order for stating steam turbine master controller opens high pitch that is big or turning down the steam turbine, to respond load instruction N0；
The feedforward control module passes through a preset function f2(x) it acts on the boiler master controller and changes institute
The output order of boiler master controller is stated, to increased or decrease air quantity, fuel quantity.
Further, at least one clipping unit is arranged to adjust the porthole of the steam turbine in the steam turbine master controller
Opening amount signal；
When vapour pressure deviation delta P be more than a nonlinear element default dead zone range in, described in clipping unit limitation
The output amplitude of steam turbine master controller is within the scope of a predetermined amplitude；Wherein, Δ P=P0-PT。
The present invention also provides a kind of fired power generating unit control method for coordinating, are applied to thermal motor described in above-mentioned any one
Group coordinated control system, comprising:
With the load instruction N of fired power generating unit0For feed-forward signal, drive the boiler master controller advancement, open it is big or
The high pitch of the steam turbine is turned down, to respond load instruction N0；The feed-forward signal is set to act on the boiler master controller,
Fuel quantity, air quantity are increasedd or decreased, step control is carried out to the boiler；
According to the pressure divergence value ratio of steam, the dynamic deferred of the boiler is accordingly compensated, to adjust the boiler
Fuel quantity；
According to boiler master controller described in the drift correction of the main vapour pressure, to adjust the combustion rate of the boiler.
Fired power generating unit coordinated control system of the invention and its control method for coordinating open vapour in unit load variation
Machine regulating valve discharges the original heat of boiler side, unit is enabled to adapt to the requirement of network load faster, to ensure that
The stabilization of main vapour pressure improves the safety of unit.In the present invention, boiler side is equally believed using power instruction as feedforward
Number, it allows boiler master controller advancement, avoids the deficiency due to boiler heat storage and influence steam turbine response load, pass through setting
The proportional action of pressure divergence value is deferred come the dynamic for compensating boiler, and then continues growing the fuel quantity of boiler, increases boiler
Load responding speed.In the present invention, Steam Pressure Fluctuation is reduced by adjusting boiler combustion rate, such as when main steam pressure is lower than
When preset pressure, augmented burning rate is answered to increase boiler accumulation of energy, main vapour pressure, such as in set steady, when external disturbance makes vapour
The pitch of turbine generates fluctuation, then the feedforward by steam turbine energy requirement as boiler is finely adjusted, it is ensured that boiler stores
The stabilization of heat.Fired power generating unit coordinated control system of the invention and its control method for coordinating solve the quick of Steam Turhine Adjustment
Property and boiler adjust retardance between contradiction, meet unit load response speed to greatest extent, while guaranteeing unit
The stabilization of main vapour pressure alleviates the labor intensity of operations staff, improves the stability of thermal power unit operation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is boiler-turbine coordinated control schematic diagram in the fired power generating unit coordinated control system in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is fossil-fired unit conversion process of energy in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 be Fig. 1 in fired power generating unit coordinated control system in the integrally-regulated object of machine furnace process flow diagram；
Fig. 4 is unit control object block diagram in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 5 is the response curve for the disturbance that the boiler in the embodiment of the present invention 1 carries out 5%；
Fig. 6 is the response curve for the disturbance that the steam turbine in the embodiment of the present invention 1 carries out 5%；
Fig. 7 is furnace in the fired power generating unit coordinated control system in the embodiment of the present invention 3 with the system of machine load control manner
Functional-block diagram；
Fig. 8 is that direct energy blance control mode is in fired power generating unit coordinated control system in the embodiment of the present invention 3
System functional-block diagram；
Fig. 9 is in fired power generating unit coordinated control system in the embodiment of the present invention 3 be with power instruction feedforward coordination control
The system principle block diagram of mode processed；
Figure 10 is the system principle box of the control method for coordinating based on boiler follow in the embodiment of the present invention 3
Figure；
Figure 11 is in the embodiment of the present invention 3 with the functional-block diagram for the coordinated control system that energy balance signal is feedforward；
Figure 12 is the system principle box of the control method for coordinating balanced indirectly in the embodiment of the present invention 3 with load instruction
Figure；
Figure 13 is the SAMA figure of the boiler master controller of the fired power generating unit coordinated control system in the embodiment of the present invention 3；
Figure 14 is that the boiler master controller of the fired power generating unit coordinated control system in Figure 13 instructs the original of feed-forward signal optimization
Manage SAMA figure；
Figure 15 is the SAMA figure of the steam turbine master controller of the fired power generating unit coordinated control system in Figure 13.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is please referred to, inventor passes through careful further investigation, in the prior art, thermal power unit plant
Coordinated control object be mainly steam turbine and boiler, in its operation, guarantee that the safe and stable operation of unit is in response to machine
The premise of group load instruction, that is, the deviation of main vapour pressure must be controlled in normal model while unit quick response load
Within enclosing, however thermal power unit plant is made of multiple systems, energy conversion links generally comprise coal yard, pulverized coal preparation system, burner hearth,
The component parts such as water-cooling wall, steam turbine, generator, the chemical energy in the fire coal of coal yard are transported to boiler combustion by pulverized coal preparation system
It burns and generates heat, and deliver heat to water-cooling wall, that the water in water-cooling wall becomes steam and generate heating power potential energy, steam later
It does work further through steam turbine, heating power potential energy is converted into mechanical energy, steam turbine drives generator rotation, mechanical energy is converted
At electric energy.And during the conversion of entire energy, it can be seen that when being transformed into thermal energy by chemical energy and occupying most
Between, it is less at electric energy holding time by thermal energy.It is the coordinated control system of a multivariable, respective spy in control
Property has larger difference.Therefore, it is necessary to correspondingly be analyzed boiler and steam turbine.
Referring to Fig. 3, machine furnace object is made of steam turbine and boiler two large divisions, Control Stage of Steam Turbine, height are specifically included
Cylinder pressure, intermediate pressure cylinder, low pressure (LP) cylinder, boiler water wall, drum, superheater, reheater.
One, the characteristic of steam turbine
Since monoblock capacity is smaller relative to entire electrical network capacity specific gravity, the frequency of monoblock changes to power grid
It influences smaller, that is to say, that when research aircraft furnace automatically controls object, without the variation for considering mains frequency.The power of steam turbine is special
Property is as follows:
Wherein, NEFor steam turbine actual load, P1For Steam Turhine Adjustment stage pressure, CHFor steam turbine high-pressure cylinder work done,
CILFor in steam turbine, low pressure (LP) cylinder work done, TRHFor reheater volume time constant.
The first stage pressure P of steam turbine in above formula1It is directly proportional to steam pressure before machine and pitch aperture:
P1=PT×μT
Wherein, PTFor steam pressure before steam turbine, i.e. main vapour pressure, μTFor turbine high-pressure governing valve aperture.
Two, the characteristic of boiler
The conversion process of energy of boiler, i.e. working medium are steam from water variation, be can simplify as following three key links:
(1) boiler thermal capacitance
Fuel is converted into thermal energy in hearth combustion, chemical energy.Thermal energy is heated the water in water-cooling wall by radiant heat, then
The steam in steam water interface is separated by drum.Wherein boiler capacity is directly proportional to quantity combusted, and relationship is as follows,
Wherein, D is boiler actual evaporation, ubFor boiler oil amount, Tm is the about 100s thermal capacitance time.
(2) drum thermal capacitance
Drum steam pressure can embody the amount of stored heat of boiler, that is, the demand and boiler of steam turbine energy enter drum
Energy reach balance, relationship is as follows:
Wherein, PdFor drum pressure, TdFor the drum volume time for being about 400s.
(3) superheater
The steam that drum is separated is heated to be superheated steam by superheater, and the main steam for becoming final is sent to steamer
Machine.In the process, superheated steam and boiler smoke carry out heat convection to absorb heat, and relationship is as follows,
Wherein, TSHFor the superheater volume time of 10s, R is the resistance coefficient that superheater is typically about 0.6.
Above-mentioned multiple formula represent machine furnace whole object conversion process of energy characteristic, and input quantity is fuel quantity ub, defeated
Output is steam turbine real output NE。
From the point of view of above-mentioned formula, in the control object of monoblock, there are multiple variables, the disturbance of each link,
The load and main vapour pressure of unit will all be will affect.But influence is most significantly exactly the change of turbine governor valve and fuel quantity
Change, unit control object block diagram is as shown in figure 4, to make a concrete analysis of the main vapour of power steam turbine load, boiler and steam turbine tune
Save the relationship between valve, fuel quantity.
Wherein, uTFor steam turbine regulating valve aperture, NEFor steam turbine load, ubFor fuel quantity, PTFor pressure before machine, WPu(s) it is
PT is to uTTransmission function, WPBIt (s) is PT to ub transmission function, WNuIt (s) is NETo uTTransmission function, WNBIt (s) is NETo ub
Transmission function.
The input quantity of control system is Steam Turhine Adjustment valve opening uTWith fuel quantity ub, output quantity is negative for turbine generator
Lotus NEAnd main vapour pressure of boiler PT, can be disturbed and be responded by respective transmission function.
For this purpose, the present embodiment has carried out corresponding machine furnace dynamic characteristic test:
(1) fuel flow disturbance is tested
Experimental condition: unit load 50%-90%.
Test procedure:
Keep steam turbine valve opening constant；
Each feeder is thrown automatic；
Fuel master control investment is automatic；
By boiler master controller, fuel quantity 5% is reduced, record step response curve is as shown in Figure 5.
Response curve shows: as steam turbine pitch aperture uTIt is constant, fuel quantity ubReduce, boiler heat storage amount is reduced, and is heated
Face caloric receptivity is reduced, while main vapour pressure PTRise at once, gradually decreased after certain time-delay, due to steam turbine pitch aperture uTNo
Become, unit main steam flow is reduced, it can independently limit the decline of main vapour pressure, when main steam flow and fuel quantity reach new
When balance, main vapour pressure PTJust gradually tend towards stability.The reduction of main steam flow then steam turbine output power NEIt decreases, when
When main steam flow is constant, steam turbine power also tends towards stability.
(2) steam turbine pitch aperture upset test
Experimental condition: load 50%-90%.
Test procedure:
Keep fuel constant；
By turbine main control, steam turbine valve opening 5% is reduced, record step response curve is as shown in Figure 6.
Response curve shows: as boiler oil amount ubIt is constant, steam turbine pitch aperture uTWhen reduction, unit main steam flow
Step decrease, while main vapour pressure PTIt rises with it.Because of ubConstant, boiler capacity is constant, and steams after main vapour pressure of boiler rising
Steam flow amount can also rise with it, with the release of energy, PTGradually tend to a stationary value with steam flow.Because of main steam flow
There is temporary reduction in the process, then steam turbine output power NEReduce also responsive to temporary.Final NEIt can be extensive with main steam flow
The multiple numerical value to before disturbance.
In conclusion the characteristics of dynamic characteristic of load control system object are as follows: when steam turbine pitch aperture changes, from steam turbine tune
Door change is rapider to unit load variation, i.e., thermal energy is that electric energy is very fast；When fuel quantity change when, steam turbine output power and
Main steam pressure force-responsive is very slow, and from change combustion rate to unit load, variation lasts longer, this explanation is by chemical energy to electrical energy
Transformation need a longer process.This indicates that there are biggish differences in terms of steam turbine and boiler object dynamic performance.
In summary, in fired power generating unit conversion process of energy, thermal energy is transformed by chemical energy and occupies most of the time,
It is less at electric energy holding time by thermal energy, and Steam Turhine Adjustment valve opening and fuel quantity are to influence unit load and main vapour pressure
The major factor of power.According to 5% upset test of boiler combustion amount and steam turbine pitch aperture, show that the step response characteristic of unit is bent
Line shows that Steam Turhine Adjustment valve opening influence load is fast, and boiler combustion inertia is larger.
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of fired power generating unit coordinated control system on the basis of above-mentioned analysis, is used to drive
Boiler and steam turbine in dynamic fired power generating unit.The fired power generating unit coordinated control system includes boiler master controller, feedforward control
Module and steam turbine master controller.
Boiler master controller drives the boiler master according to the deviation signal between main vapour pressure and a preset pressure
The feedback regulator PID of device processed carries out control operation, makes the deviation zero of the deviation signal.
Feedforward control module accelerates the response speed of the boiler by least two-way feed-forward signal, to compensate the pot
The inertia of furnace.
When the deviation of the deviation signal is more than a predetermined deviation value, described in the steam turbine master controller processing
Deviation signal, to reduce the deviation；The steam turbine master controller the main vapour pressure be more than the preset pressure when,
Accordingly limit the aperture of the pitch of the steam turbine.
Wherein, the feedforward control module is with the load instruction N of fired power generating unit0For feed-forward signal, the boiler master is driven
Controller advancement opens high pitch that is big or turning down the steam turbine, to respond load instruction N0；The feedforward control module
So that the feed-forward signal is driven the boiler master controller, increased or decrease fuel quantity, air quantity, step control is carried out to the boiler
System；The feedforward control module accordingly compensates the dynamic deferred of the boiler according to the pressure divergence value ratio of steam, to adjust
The fuel quantity of the boiler；Boiler master system described in drift correction of the feedforward control module also according to the main vapour pressure
Device, to adjust the combustion rate of the boiler.
When the main vapour pressure and the preset pressure do not wait, the adjuster PID changes its output, to change wind
Amount, fuel quantity drive the main vapour pressure to generate change, and by integral, make the deviation zero of the deviation signal.
When the steam turbine is in stable state, the algebraical sum of the adjuster input end signal of the steam turbine is approximately zero,
Then have:
(1+s)N0-NE+K(PT-P0)≈0
Wherein, s is the correction factor for dispatching given power, NEFor the real output of the steam turbine, K is one
Preset ratio coefficient, PTFor the pressure value of the main vapour pressure, P0For the pressure value of the preset pressure.
Further, the boiler master controller is with the deviation signal, the energy balance signal P of the steam turbinelP0/
PTFor the feed-forward control signals of the boiler.Wherein, P1For the first stage pressure of the steam turbine, the adjustment of the deviation signal
Amount is greater than the energy balance signal PlP0/PTAdjustment amount.
When the feedforward control module works:
Firstly, the feedforward control module drives the deviation of LDC power output and load target through a preset function f
(x) it is modified, and revised value is first passing through lead-lag module progress differential, carries out using high/low limitation module
Limitation, drives the boiler master controller advancement；
Secondly, the feedforward control module makes LDC function after the preset time that is delayed after unit cooperative control puts into operation
Rate output, the deviation signal deviation first pass through lead-lag module carry out differential, then by high/low limitation module into
Row limitation, is finally overlapped；
Finally, the feedforward control module makes the speed limit setting value of the main vapour pressure first pass through the progress of lead-lag module
Differential, then limited by high/low limitation module.
The boiler master controller, which is arranged, is adjusted at least one feedback loop unit by the adjuster PID, and
When the main vapour pressure and the preset pressure do not wait, by changing air quantity, fuel quantity changes the feedback loop unit
The main vapour pressure, and by integral, so that the main vapour pressure is eventually equal to the preset pressure.
When the load instruction N0 increases, the steam turbine master controller issues command adapted thereto to increase the steam turbine
Control valve opening, and then increase the main steam flow for entering the steam turbine, and finally make unit actual load NEWith load
Command N 0 is identical；
When the load instruction N0 reduces, the steam turbine master controller issues command adapted thereto to reduce the steam turbine
Control valve opening, and then reduce the main steam flow for entering the steam turbine, and finally make unit actual load NEWith load
Command N 0 is identical.
The feedforward control module passes through a preset function f1(x) output for changing the steam turbine master controller refers to
It enables, high pitch that is big or turning down the steam turbine is opened, to respond load instruction N0。
The feedforward control module passes through a preset function f2(x) it acts on the boiler master controller and changes institute
The output order of boiler master controller is stated, to increased or decrease air quantity, fuel quantity.
At least one clipping unit is arranged to adjust the porthole opening amount signal of the steam turbine in the steam turbine master controller.
When vapour pressure deviation delta P be more than a nonlinear element default dead zone range in, described in clipping unit limitation
The output amplitude of steam turbine master controller is within the scope of a predetermined amplitude；Wherein, Δ P=P0-PT。
In conclusion the fired power generating unit coordinated control system of the present embodiment is opened steam turbine and is adjusted in unit load variation
Valve discharges the original heat of boiler side, unit is enabled to adapt to the requirement of network load faster, to ensure that main vapour pressure
The stabilization of power improves the safety of unit.In the present embodiment, boiler side allows equally using power instruction as feed-forward signal
Boiler master controller advancement avoids the deficiency due to boiler heat storage and influences steam turbine response load, by setting pressure
Deviation proportional action is deferred come the dynamic for compensating boiler, and then continues growing the fuel quantity of boiler, increases the negative of boiler
Lotus response speed.In the present embodiment, Steam Pressure Fluctuation is reduced by adjusting boiler combustion rate, such as when main steam pressure is lower than pre-
If when pressure, answering augmented burning rate to increase boiler accumulation of energy, main vapour pressure, such as in set steady, when external disturbance makes steamer
The pitch of machine generates fluctuation, then the feedforward by steam turbine energy requirement as boiler is finely adjusted, it is ensured that boiler heat storage
Stabilization.Fired power generating unit coordinated control system of the invention and its control method for coordinating solve the rapidity of Steam Turhine Adjustment
The contradiction between retardance adjusted with boiler, meets unit load response speed, while guaranteeing unit master to greatest extent
The stabilization of steam pressure alleviates the labor intensity of operations staff, improves the stability of thermal power unit operation.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of fired power generating unit control method for coordinating on the basis of embodiment 1, and fired power generating unit is coordinated
Control method includes:
With the load instruction N of fired power generating unit0For feed-forward signal, drive the boiler master controller advancement, open it is big or
The high pitch of the steam turbine is turned down, to respond load instruction N0；The feed-forward signal is set to act on the boiler master controller,
Fuel quantity, air quantity are increasedd or decreased, step control is carried out to the boiler；
According to the pressure divergence value ratio of steam, the dynamic deferred of the boiler is accordingly compensated, to adjust the boiler
Fuel quantity；
According to boiler master controller described in the drift correction of the main vapour pressure, to adjust the combustion rate of the boiler.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, in fired power generating unit coordinated control system, the coordination mode of feedback signal is boiler follow control
Mode, the coordination mode of feed-forward signal are to combine supplemented by machine furnace direct energy blance based on power instruction indirect energy balance
Control method.
Referring to Fig. 7, under boiler follow control mode, steam turbine control unit load power, the main vapour pressure of boiler implosion
Power.When unit load command N0(N when increase0-NE> 0), so that steam turbine master controller Wa1 (s) issues instruction, increase vapour
Turbine control valve opening finally makes unit actual load N to increase the main steam flow into steam turbineEWith load instruction N0
It is identical.The variation of main steam flow causes main steam pressure PTVariation, at this moment, because main steam pressure generates deviation (P0-PT≠ 0),
Boiler master controller Wa2 (s) issues instruction, increases fuel quantity, air quantity of boiler etc., finally makes main vapour pressure PTWith setting value P0
It is identical.Under this kind of control mode, when unit load, which instructs, to be changed, steam turbine side is first acted, and boiler side is moved therewith, therefore is claimed
Be boiler follow load control manner.Its main feature is that: in unit load variation, steam turbine regulating valve is opened, boiler is discharged
The original heat in side, enables unit to adapt to the requirement of network load faster.
In monoblock operation, the steam flow of steam turbine will be entered as the requirement signal of the input energy to boiler,
It is able to maintain the balance at any time of steam turbine energy consumption and boiler accumulation of energy, the basic coordination between machine, furnace may be implemented, before this
The system of feedback control is known as machine furnace Direct Energy Balance system.
Steam is after entering turbine governor valve, by doing work after the decompression cooling of multiple pressure stages to steam turbine, band
Dynamic steam turbine rotation, and first pressure stage that steam passes through is referred to as governing stage, can be very good the demand for indicating steam turbine
Energy.But if single P1Feed-forward signal as boiler will be to main vapour pressure PTCause dynamic positive feedback effect.
When external interference causes P in certainTWhen decline, P1Decline therewith. P1As boiler feed-forward signal, boiler output will be further reduced
Lead to PTContinue decline.From this, first stage pressure is unable to the energy demand of chief representative's steam turbine.So we cannot incite somebody to action
Governing stage P1Absolute is used as feed-forward signal, can cause opposite effect.
In order to avoid there is reaction, being considered as steam turbine required energy signal in the case where above-mentioned similar
As the feedforward of boiler, and cannot be come table with the energy of actual consumption merely.It can be by modifying first stage pressure P1, i.e.,
Using the modified energy balance signal of pressure ratio.
By steam turbine first stage pressure P1With main steam pressure PTRatio P1/PTIndicate effective valve position of steam turbine,
It is exactly the aperture of turbine governor valve, intuitive and response is very fast.Again by P1/PTMultiplied by main vapour pressure setting value P0, i.e. P1P0/
PT, to indicate the energy requirement of steam turbine, and only reflect Steam Turhine Adjustment valve opening caused by energy requirement variation, without by
The influence of boiler combustion disturbance.In terms of boiler, P is usedSIt indicates drum pressure, then uses the differential dP of drum pressureS/ dt is as pot
The amount of stored heat of furnace adds first stage pressure P1, i.e. P1+dPS/ dt indicates the fuel quantity of boiler, when unit load variation,
P1+dPS/ dt=P1 P0/PT, as shown in Figure 8.
Specifically, when unit is in stable state, theoretically main steam pressure and steam turbine regulating valve constant opening degree are constant, main steaming
Steam pressure P1Equal to set point pressure P0, then steam turbine required energy signal is then P1；(in unit commitment in dynamic process
AGC is substantially dynamic when running), when unit load variation, the high pitch of steam turbine will be opened big or be turned down, and can make main vapour
Pressure PTDeviate setting value P0, P at this time1P0/PTThen indicate that steam turbine to the energy of boiler side demand, rather than actually enters steam turbine
Energy.Such as when unit application of load, Steam Turhine Adjustment valve is opened greatly, increases throttle flow, since boiler combustion postpones, is caused
Its energy supplement not in time, can make main vapour pressure PTDecline, to meet burden requirement, power regulation circuit will be such that steam turbine tune valve has
Certain mistake is opened, at this point, P1P0/PTValue can be greater than load instruction, and it is as boiler feed-forward, can continue once cauldron master control
Instruction increases fuel quantity, air quantity, so that boiler has excessive accumulation of heat, that is, drum differential dPS/ dt increases, and reduces main vapour pressure
Power PTAnd the deviation P of setting value0, the energy requirement and boiler heat storage of final steam turbine, which are realized, to be balanced, i.e. P1+dPS/ dt=P1P0/PT。
But the increased boiler energy of institute is limited at this time, if unit AGC load instruction increase is too fast, still will cause main vapour pressure
PTDeviate setting value P0It is too big, unit safety operation is influenced, operations staff can only release coordinated control system, be manually adjusted,
Reduce the devoting rate of coordination system.
Referring to Fig. 9, so-called power instruction feedforward is exactly when unit load instructs and changes, power feedforward passes through function
f1(x) change steam turbine master controller output order immediately, open big or turn down the high pitch of steam turbine, quick response load instruction is wanted
It asks.Power feedforward passes through function f simultaneously2(x) it acts on boiler master controller, changes its output order, increase add deduct in time
Small fuel quantity, air quantity also carry out step control to boiler by differentiation element, improve the response speed of boiler, make the storage of boiler
Heat had not only been able to satisfy the demand of steam turbine but also can maintain the stabilization of main vapour pressure.When responding load, lead to main vapour pressure
And after setting value deviation increases above certain value, then pressure divergence value acts on steam turbine master controller, and limitation steam turbine is high
Pitch is further opened greatly.Last boiler side main vapour pressure deviation is finely adjusted by PID controller, steamer pusher side load instruction
It is adjusted with actual load deviation by PID controller, system is made finally to tend towards stability.Both solved boiler heat storage amount not in this way
The problem of foot, also can respond load within the faster time, greatly enhance the automatic control performance of unit.
Control method for coordinating based on boiler follow is as shown in Figure 10, in order to avoid Steam Pressure Fluctuation is big, gives steam turbine
An amplitude limit link is arranged in timing steam gate opening amount signal.When unit load changes, as vapour pressure deviation delta P (Δ P=P0-PT) non-
When in the dead zone range of linear element, to steam turbine master controller MTWithout influence；When it exceeds dead zone range, Δ P will be to vapour
Turbine master controller MTOutput carry out clipping.To make steam turbine pitch aperture be further change in, guarantee unit main vapour pressure
Stabilization.
As shown in figure 11 with the process for the control method for coordinating that energy balance signal is feedforward, it is one kind with energy balance
Signal is the Coordinated Control Scheme of feed-forward signal, and this method is a kind of coordinated control mode based on boiler follow.
In this scenario, boiler master controller mainly passes through energy balance signal PlP0/PTAs feedforward, steamer is detected
The energy demand of machine can timely increase fuel quantity, air quantity, to meet the amount of stored heat of boiler, enhance the response speed of load.
Adjustment appropriate is carried out additionally by main vapour pressure bias control signal, making main vapour pressure deviation is finally zero.Steamer pusher side tune
Section load causes main steam pressure significantly to fluctuate, passes through main vapour pressure deviation pair when in order to avoid steam turbine lofty tone door switch
Load instruction is modified.When main steam pressure deviation is small, the height for being less than function generator f (x) is prescribed a time limit, not to actual negative
Lotus instruction is modified, i.e., does not limit the aperture regulation of steam turbine pitch；It has been more than function when main steam pressure deviation is excessive
After the high limit of generator f (x), actual load instruction is modified, the Steam Turhine Adjustment valve aperture in Load Regulation is avoided
It is excessive or too small, cause further increasing for main steam pressure deviation, to guarantee the safe operation of unit.When stable state, pass through
Using the adjustment of PID controller, the adjuster entry signal algebra of boiler and steam turbine is zero.Therefore, there is PT=P0, at this moment
Function generator f (x) output is zero, does not influence the Load Regulation of steamer pusher side, then there is NE=N0。
As shown in figure 12 with the control method for coordinating that load instruction balances indirectly, it is using load instruction as feed-forward signal
A kind of mode by boiler follow based on the control method for coordinating that balances indirectly of load instruction.
Boiler side allows boiler master M equally using power instruction as feed-forward signalBAdvancement avoids boiler heat storage
Deficiency influences steam turbine response load.It is deferred come the dynamic for compensating boiler by setting pressure divergence value proportional action, in turn
The fuel quantity for continuing growing boiler increases the load responding speed of boiler.Finally, pressing deviation to correct boiler master according to main steam power
Control MB, i.e., Steam Pressure Fluctuation is reduced by adjusting boiler combustion rate.Such as main steam pressure PTWhen lower than given value, combustion should be increased
Burning rate increases boiler accumulation of energy, makes PTRise.If when external disturbance makes steam turbine Fluctuation of Medium-pressure Adjustment Valve, then passing through in set steady
Steam turbine energy requirement P1P0/PTFeedforward as boiler is finely adjusted, and guarantees the stabilization of boiler heat storage.
Steam turbine is the quick response unit load instruction using power instruction as feed-forward signal in this method；It is negative with unit
Lotus deviation forms the NE feedback control to steamer pusher side as feedback signal.Main vapour pressure deviation is used to repair as feed-forward signal
Normal pressure given value limits main vapour pitch and continues out the stabilization for keeping main vapour pressure greatly when main vapour pressure deviation is too big.
For steam turbine in stable state, the algebraical sum of adjuster input end signal is approximately zero, is then had
(1+s)N0-NE+K(PT-P0)≈0
By above formula, then have
PT≈P0-[NE-(1+s)N0]÷K
From the above equation, we can see that working as N0When reduction, N0-NEIt then reduces, is equivalent to and temporarily reduces increase pressure given value, at this moment vapour
The pi regulator instruction for taking turns pusher side will reduce steam turbine master control MT, to reduce unit actual load.
When combustion rate interference is reduces, then main vapour pressure P0Decline, main steam flow is reduced, so that NEIt reduces.Due to centre
Reheating embrittlement power lags larger, P0Reaction ratio NESensitive, at disturbance initial stage, steam turbine pitch will be turned down, and be to steam turbine
One disturbance, so that NEIt reduces.When steam turbine steam turbine pitch generates disturbance, P0With NEIt changes in the opposite direction, general control circuit can be compared with
It is fast to eliminate disturbance.
Therefore in the present embodiment, boiler controller structure is as shown in figure 13, passes through both main vapour pressure and setting pressure
Deviation signal carries out control operation using feedback regulator PID, finally makes its deviation zero.It also include feedforward control ring in figure
Section, it is therefore an objective to accelerate the load responding of boiler side, there is enough fuel quantities, while guarantee the amount of stored heat of boiler.
The purpose of feedback loop is to guarantee main vapour pressure PTEqual to setting value P0, constitute feedback loop, by PID into
Row is adjusted.As main vapour pressure PTNot equal to setting value P0When, adjuster PID output will change, change furnace master control instruction value,
Change air quantity, fuel quantity, makes main vapour pressure PTIt changes, by the effect of integral, the non differential regulation of pressure may be implemented, most
It is equal to setting value eventually.
Pusher side energy signal P0·P1/PTWith main vapour pressure PTWith setting value P0The conduct feed-forward control signals of deviation.It is made
Cause the variation of main vapour pressure with being in order to overcome the fluctuation of steamer owner's vapour pitch, to reach the flat of energy between machine furnace
Weighing apparatus guarantees the matching of power and main vapour pressure.Wherein DIRECT ENERGY signal P0·P1/ PTAdjustment amount is smaller, main vapour pressure PTWith
Setting value P0Deviation signal adjustment amount is larger, is overlapped after being amplified by Proportional coefficient K (K=6), to guarantee main vapour pressure PT
It can be as early as possible close to setting value P0。
Fuel command is instructed from boiler master, and boiler master instruction changes in percentage 0-100%, after corresponding conversion
Fuel quantity 0-210t.Air quantity instruction is given from power, has certain broken line to design according to the load point that switching is ground.In addition increase
RB module design, when unit Important Auxiliary equipment breaks down, switching module automatic running RB guarantees that unit is adjusted to stablizing shape
State.
In view of the delay of boiler combustion system and inertia are larger, by introducing a few road feed-forward signals, reinforce boiler side
Response speed compensates the inertia of boiler.Boiler master feedforward is as shown in figure 14.
Its working principles are as follows:
It (1) is that LDC power output feedovers by eight sections of function f (x), this cries " preparatory plus/minus coal instructs link " all the way,
To play load regulation in plus/minus load.By the deviation of LDC power output and load target through function f (x)
Revised value is carrying out differential by lead-lag (LEADLAG) module, then limits using high/low (H/L) module, together
Sample is that furnace side is allowed to act earlier, overcomes the inertia of boiler, guarantees the stability of boiler.
It (2) is after unit cooperative control puts into operation after delay 45 seconds, LDC power output is carried out micro- by LEADLAG module
Divide and H/L module is limited, after in addition main vapour pressure PT and setting pressure divergence also pass through differential and restriction effect, together
The former is overlapped.The purpose of this feed-forward signal reinforces boiler side response speed, also as the effect of deviation, carries out excessive tune
It is whole, to overcome the inertia of boiler, play the role of improving boiler regulation quality.
It (3) is that main vapour pressure speed limit setting value is limited by LEADLAG module differential and H/L module, effect is the same as above
Two-way feedforward is identical.
Owner's controller principle is as shown in figure 15, and when control mode is switched to TF manually, feedback loop is by main vapour pressure
PTWith setting value P0Deviation is completed by PID regulator.When the two deviation value PT-P0When not equal to 0, adjuster output will
It changes, changing owner to control instruction is that owner controls instruction, is finally reached the stabilization of pressure.Indirect energy coordinating power controls back
Road is serials control, and major loop is power regulation circuit, and subloop is pressure P before machine1Regulating loop.Be limited pressing pressure deviation mistake
Greatly, pressure divergence signal is introduced after dead zone module f (x) processing, prevents steam turbine pitch from continuing out greatly, that is, pusher side is allowed to adjust
Main vapour pressure is taken into account while saving power.When main vapour pressure is more than a certain range, the aperture of limitation steam turbine pitch appropriate is kept away
Exempt from pitch to open too many and influence main vapour pressure.Feedforward link, which is LDC power output, carrys out quick response unit by function f (x)
Load improves the responding ability of load, and general load changing rate control is in 7MW/min.
The unit method of operation is divided into four classes: when unit boiler master controller and turbine main control device are in manual mode, this
When referred to as manual mode (MAN), manually adjust boiler side air quantity, fuel quantity, the power of the assembling unit changes by manually adjusting steam turbine tune
Valve control.；When boiler master controller investment is automatic and turbine main control device is cut to manually, unit allocation is in boiler follow mode
(BF)；When boiler master controller is cut to manually and when turbine main control device investment is automatic or hair RB movement, unit allocation is in steamer
Machine follows mode (TF), and operator's unit load requirement given according to scheduling, turbine main control changes vapour according to the deviation of vapour pressure
The aperture of machine throttle and into steam flow amount, to maintain main vapour pressure in range of set value；When unit boiler master controller, vapour
Turbine master controller is put into automatically, and unit allocation is then coordination mode (CCS), and boiler-turbine coordinated mode is really that machine is coordinated with furnace
The synthesis of mode and furnace with machine coordination mode, it is desirable that steam turbine control and boiler master are all automatic.
Further, boiler-turbine coordinated control experiment is carried out:
(1) coordinated control barring condition is constructed
Operation is carried out by the deviation of the practical power output to unit, is had and is increased locking, subtracts locking, urgent liter, forced landing and holding
Function.When unit auxiliaries work some main flow (such as fuel quantity, confluent, air quantity in limiting condition or unit
Deng) to load instruction it is not corresponding when, force urgent liter or force-land unit load instruction, change the deviation of unit load.In addition when
When the instruction of unit actual load and larger unit load instruction deviation, is instructed by unit load and increase locking or subtract locking to carry out
Control.When failure cause is unknown, in order to make failure be unlikely to expand, often using holding function.Under coordinated control mode
When following either case occurs, block increase load:
(1) main vapour pressure≤setting value 95%；
(2) pressure fan guide vane >=98%；
(3) air-introduced machine guide vane >=98%；
(4) primary air fan guide vane >=98%；
(5) total fuel quantity and boiler master instruct deviation >=5.
When CCS mode issues and gives birth to column either case, it is latched load shedding:
(1) main vapour pressure >=setting value 105%；
(2) total fuel quantity and boiler master instruct deviation≤5.
(2) CCS mode commissioning step is carried out
CCS puts into condition are as follows: boiler master is put into first；Then turbine main control is put into；Finally coordinating investment allows.Investment
Method are as follows: confirmation unit load > 300MW and stable；Gradually turbine main control, boiler master are put into automatically, confirm that its is defeated
Instruction is normal out；Inspection unit load instruction is current value；According to circumstances set the variable load rate and target load of unit.
(3) AGC commissioning step is carried out
Investment condition is unit in coordinated operation mode；Unit actual load is greater than 300MW；Actual load and ADS are instructed
Deviation is little；ADS instruction is normal；" AGC adjustment signal investment " signal meets；Obtaining net adjusts instruction to allow.
Unit cooperative is controlled and is verified:
Under the conditions of unit load 250MW, targeted rate 7MW/min, application of load 20MW, when unit AGC load instruction by
It when 250MW adds to 270MW, is acted on by boiler feed-forward, total fuel quantity is begun to ramp up by 140T/h, always fired after 30 seconds at 4 points
Doses adds to 183T/h, while power feedforward is applied on turbine controller, and steam turbine pitch is opened rapidly after 5 seconds greatly, 4
Actual load reaches 270MW after minute, and during which main vapour pressure is more steady.When unit actual load is identical as AGC load instruction
When, steam turbine pitch remains unchanged, and main vapour pressure is gradually increasing, while total fuel quantity slowly declines.When AGC load instruction by
When 270MW reduces to 260MW, total fuel quantity decrease speed is accelerated, while steam turbine pitch turns down rapidly.1 point of unit after 20 seconds is real
Border load is down to 260MW, and main vapour pressure rises to 16.7MPa, and system is gradually stable after 2 minutes.
By calculating fire coal boiler efficiency in different heat amount, unit load fluctuates in a small range and is continuously adding
Disturbance when load shedding, by test of many times and tracing detection, effect is obvious, can respond load instruction in time.
It may indicate that Coordinated Control Scheme proposed in this paper conscientiously may be used in the state of the operation of current unit by test
Row, can meet the load -response-speed of grid dispatching center requirement in time, while can guarantee main vapour pressure in the reasonable scope, no
The safe and stable operation for influencing unit, has reached desired effect.
Carry out RB protection test:
The purpose of RB protection test is exactly to verify the Important Auxiliary equipment of unit i.e. such as pressure fan, air-introduced machine, primary air fan, air
In preheater, coal pulverizer and feed pump any device fails or tripping when, coordinated control system is automatically by unit load
It reduces to the level adaptable with operation subsidiary engine power output or keeps boiler minimum steady combustion load, avoid the expansion of accident, to greatest extent
Guarantee safety, stability and the economy of unit.
After RB instruction action, it will generate and act:
(1) CCS is cut to " machine follows " TF mode, and turbine main control is thrown by force automatically, main vapour pressure before maintenance machine；Fuel master control is strong
It throws automatically, boiler master is cut by force manually, and operation feeder is thrown by force automatically, and DEH throws by force CCS remote control mode, main vapour pressure circuit
Cut pressurization methods.
(2) since main vapour pressure and setting value deviation may be larger.In order to ensure turbine main control is not cut manually, by main vapour pressure
The value that power deviation cuts greatly turbine main control is fixed tentatively as 4Mpa.
(3) send out 20S pulse signal, override close full boiler one subtract, two subtract, reheating accident desuperheat pitch；Override closes superheater
Electrically operated gate before and after desuperheating water electrically operated gate and reheater desuperheating water pitch (override release conditions at this: the electrically operated gate override time arrive or
Electrically operated gate close entirely or manual control signal come after electrically operated gate release, pitch in place after or the override time to discharge).
(4) pressure set points can be by operations staff according to RB process appropriate adjustment.
(5) different RB target load switching rates is set in unit target load switch.
(6) if A mill or B mill are being run, A plasma ignition system or B plasma ignition system throw by force steady combustion
Mode, automatic arcing.
Wherein, coal pulverizer RB test is carried out:
Experimental condition: unit load 270MW, it is stable；Unit CCS coordinates investment；RB static protection test acts just
Often, A, B, C, D coal pulverizer are run, A, B coal pulverizer plasma arcing pass the test.(4 be coal pulverizer to main steam flow > 286*4T/H
The number of units of operation).
After the tripping of D coal pulverizer, override closes level-one, second level desuperheating water adjustment door and reheater water injection desuperheat and adjusts door,
And it cuts manually；Desuperheating water of superheater main pipe electrically operated gate and the side reheater A, B desuperheating water electrically operated gate are closed in interlocking；After 5 seconds, B layers are put into
Plasma ignition system surely fires mode, automatic arcing.Main steam flow is 286*3 T/H, target amount 132T/H, RB movement
Situation is consistent with Functional Design is executed.
Wherein, pressure fan RB experiment is carried out:
Experimental condition: unit load 270MW, it is stable；Unit CCS coordinates investment；RB static protection test acts just
Often, A, B, C, D coal pulverizer are run, A, B coal pulverizer plasma arcing pass the test.Main steam flow > 760T/H, A, B pressure fan fortune
Row, wherein A pressure fan trips.
After the tripping of A pressure fan, RB movement, D coal pulverizer tripping retains three mill group operations；B pressure fan movable vane is cut to hand
Dynamic control, and instruction is directly set to 50%, it is discharged after being kept for 5 seconds；A, the automatic control of B fan frequency, which is cut to, manually controls, and
Frequency instruction is all subtracted to the 16% of former instruction, that is, sets instruction to the 84% of former instruction, keeps 5s；Coordinated control system subtracts automatically
Load is to 200MW, main steam flow 700T/H；It is 119T/H, turbine main control and boiler master that fuel master control, which gives target amount,
Adjust automatically is controlled, unit finally tends towards stability operation.
Carry out air-introduced machine RB experiment:
Experimental condition: unit load 270MW, it is stable；Unit CCS coordinates investment；RB static protection test acts just
Often, A, B, C, D coal pulverizer are run, A, B coal pulverizer plasma arcing pass the test.Main steam flow > 760T/H, A, B air-introduced machine fortune
It goes, wherein A fan trip.
After A fan trip, RB movement, D mill tripping, it is normal that A, B grind plasma arcing.B air-introduced machine frequency conversion is cut to hand
Dynamic control, and frequency is directly set to (primary frequency+5HZ), keep 5s；Shunt tripping A pressure fan, the stator blade of B air-introduced machine are cut to hand simultaneously
Dynamic control, and 1.1 times that stator blade when instruction A, B air-introduced machine is run instructs average value are directly set, keep 5s；B pressure fan movable vane dimension
It holds constant.At the same time, coordinated control system automatic load-reducing value 165MW, main steam flow 700T/H, fuel master control give mesh
Mark fuel quantity is 119T/H, adjust automatically fuel quantity, air quantity, and the operation of final unit tends towards stability.
Carry out primary air fan RB experiment:
Experimental condition: unit load 270MW, it is stable；Unit CCS coordinates investment；RB static protection test acts just
Often, A, B, C, D coal pulverizer are run, A, B coal pulverizer plasma arcing pass the test.Main steam flow > 560T/H, A, B primary air fan
Operation, wherein A primary air fan trips.
After the tripping of A primary air fan, RB movement, the sequence tripping of D, C mill, tripping interval time is 10S；B primary air fan becomes
Frequency device frequency, which is cut to, to be manually controlled, and is directly set instruction to 95%, is discharged after being kept for 5 seconds.Coordinated control automatic load-reducing value
165MW, main steam flow 420T/H, it is 71T/H that fuel master control, which gives target amount,.
Carry out air preheater RB experiment:
Experimental condition: unit load 270MW, it is stable；Unit CCS coordinates investment；RB static protection test acts just
Often, A, B, C, D coal pulverizer are run, A, B coal pulverizer plasma arcing pass the test.Main steam flow > 760T/H, A, B air preheater fortune
Row, wherein A air preheater is stopped transport, and is delayed 1 minute.
After A air preheater stalls 1 minute, RB movement, the tripping of D coal pulverizer；Intertripping A pressure fan, A air-introduced machine；B air-supply
Machine, B air-introduced machine keep automatic adjustment.Coordinated control system automatically adjusts load 165MW, main steam flow 560T/H；Fuel master
Controlling given target amount is 95T/H.
Carry out feed pump RB experiment:
Experimental condition: unit load 270MW, it is stable；Unit CCS coordinates investment；RB static protection test acts just
Often, A, B, C, D coal pulverizer are run, A, B coal pulverizer plasma arcing pass the test.The electronic water supply of main steam flow > 760T/H, A, B
Pump operation, wherein A Feed Pump Trip.
After A Feed Pump Trip, RB movement, the sequence of D, C coal pulverizer, which executes, jumps mill movement, and trip interval time 5S, B water supply
Pump scoop tube, which is switched to, to be manually controlled, 1.15 times for directly setting scoop tube aperture average value when instruction is run to former two pumps, after keeping 5s
Release.Coordinated control system automatic load-reducing, main steam flow 540T/H, it is 91T/H that fuel master control, which gives target amount,.
In conclusion in the present embodiment, demonstration and meticulous debugging by repeatedly, to its control logic and parameter
It is arranged and has carried out conscientious research and careful modification.It is tested by unit, indices are all satisfied expection, and unit adds, lightens the burden
When lotus, load responding speed burden requirement, while main vapour pressure is more stable.Coal pulverizer, primary air fan, pressure fan, air-introduced machine, sky
When the Important Auxiliary equipments such as pre- device, feed pump break down, RB can correctly be acted according to design logic, and regulation quality is excellent, energy
Enough guarantee that unit is steady excessively to stable load, unit can be safely operated.Unit main vapour pressure can control in reasonable model
In enclosing, the devoting rate of coordinated control is improved, alleviates the labor intensity of operations staff, improves productivity effect.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of fired power generating unit coordinated control system is used to drive boiler and steam turbine in fired power generating unit；It is characterized by:
The fired power generating unit coordinated control system includes:
Boiler master controller drives the boiler master according to the deviation signal between main vapour pressure and a preset pressure
The feedback regulator PID of device processed carries out control operation, makes the deviation zero of the deviation signal；
Feedforward control module accelerates the response speed of the boiler by least two-way feed-forward signal, to compensate the pot
The inertia of furnace；And
Steam turbine master controller, when the deviation of the deviation signal is more than a predetermined deviation value, the steam turbine master control
Device processed handles the deviation signal, to reduce the deviation；The steam turbine master controller is more than institute in the main vapour pressure
When stating preset pressure, the aperture of the pitch of the steam turbine is accordingly limited；
Wherein, the feedforward control module is with the load instruction N of fired power generating unit0For feed-forward signal, the boiler master controller is driven
Advancement opens high pitch that is big or turning down the steam turbine, to respond load instruction N0；The feedforward control module makes described
Feed-forward signal drives the boiler master controller, increaseds or decreases fuel quantity, air quantity, carries out step control to the boiler；Institute
Feedforward control module is stated according to the pressure divergence value ratio of steam, accordingly compensates the dynamic deferred of the boiler, described in adjusting
The fuel quantity of boiler；Boiler master controller described in drift correction of the feedforward control module also according to the main vapour pressure, with
Adjust the combustion rate of the boiler.
2. fired power generating unit coordinated control system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: when the main vapour pressure with it is described pre-
S if pressure is not equal, the adjuster PID changes its output, to change air quantity, fuel quantity, the main vapour pressure generation is driven to change
Become, and by integral, makes the deviation zero of the deviation signal.
3. fired power generating unit coordinated control system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: when the steam turbine is in stable state,
The algebraical sum of the adjuster input end signal of the steam turbine is approximately zero, then has:
(1+s)N0-NE+K(PT-P0)≈0
Wherein, s is the correction factor for dispatching given power, NEFor the real output of the steam turbine, K is a default ratio
Example coefficient, PTFor the pressure value of the main vapour pressure, P0For the pressure value of the preset pressure.
4. fired power generating unit coordinated control system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: the boiler master controller is with described
The energy balance signal P of deviation signal, the steam turbinelP0/PTFor the feed-forward control signals of the boiler；Wherein, P1It is described
The adjustment amount of the first stage pressure of steam turbine, the deviation signal is greater than the energy balance signal PlP0/PTAdjustment amount.
5. fired power generating unit coordinated control system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the feedforward control module work
When:
Firstly, the feedforward control module drive the deviation of LDC power output and load target through a preset function f (x) into
Row amendment, and revised value is first passing through lead-lag module progress differential, is limited using high/low limitation module,
Drive the boiler master controller advancement；
Secondly, the feedforward control module keeps LDC power defeated after the preset time that is delayed after unit cooperative control puts into operation
Out, the deviation of the deviation signal first passes through lead-lag module and carries out differential, then is limited by high/low limitation module
System, is finally overlapped；
Finally, the feedforward control module make the speed limit setting value of the main vapour pressure first pass through lead-lag module carry out it is micro-
Point, then limited by high/low limitation module.
6. fired power generating unit coordinated control system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the boiler master controller setting is logical
It crosses the adjuster PID and at least one feedback loop unit is adjusted, and the feedback loop unit is in the main vapour pressure
Whens not equal with the preset pressure, by changing air quantity, fuel quantity changes the main vapour pressure, and by integral, makes described
Main vapour pressure is eventually equal to the preset pressure.
7. fired power generating unit coordinated control system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: when the load instruction N0 increases
When, the steam turbine master controller issues command adapted thereto to increase the control valve opening of the steam turbine, and then increases and enter institute
The main steam flow of steam turbine is stated, and finally makes unit actual load NEIt is identical as load instruction N0；
When the load instruction N0 reduces, the steam turbine master controller issues command adapted thereto to reduce the tune of the steam turbine
Valve opening is saved, and then reduces the main steam flow for entering the steam turbine, and finally make unit actual load NEWith load instruction
N0 is identical.
8. fired power generating unit coordinated control system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the feedforward control module passes through one
A preset function f1(x) output order for changing the steam turbine master controller opens high pitch that is big or turning down the steam turbine,
To respond load instruction N0；
The feedforward control module passes through a preset function f2(x) it acts on the boiler master controller and changes the pot
The output order of furnace master controller, to increased or decrease air quantity, fuel quantity.
9. fired power generating unit coordinated control system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: the steam turbine master controller setting
At least one clipping unit is to adjust the porthole opening amount signal of the steam turbine；
When vapour pressure deviation delta P be more than a nonlinear element default dead zone range in, the clipping unit limits the steamer
The output amplitude of owner's controller is within the scope of a predetermined amplitude；Wherein, Δ P=P0-PT。
10. a kind of control method for coordinating of the fired power generating unit coordinated control system as described in any one of claim 1-9,
It is characterized in that: including:
With the load instruction N of fired power generating unit0For feed-forward signal, the boiler master controller advancement is driven, opens greatly or turn down institute
The high pitch of steam turbine is stated, to respond load instruction N0；So that the feed-forward signal is acted on the boiler master controller, increase or
Reduce fuel quantity, air quantity, step control is carried out to the boiler；
According to the pressure divergence value ratio of steam, the dynamic deferred of the boiler is accordingly compensated, to adjust the fuel of the boiler
Amount；
According to boiler master controller described in the drift correction of the main vapour pressure, to adjust the combustion rate of the boiler.
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