CN113325458B - 一种地外样品氩-氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄的联测方法 - Google Patents

一种地外样品氩-氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄的联测方法 Download PDF

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CN113325458B
CN113325458B CN202110878204.5A CN202110878204A CN113325458B CN 113325458 B CN113325458 B CN 113325458B CN 202110878204 A CN202110878204 A CN 202110878204A CN 113325458 B CN113325458 B CN 113325458B
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苏菲
贺怀宇
刘子恒
李健楠
杨瑞洪
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种地外样品氩‑氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄的联测方法,包括包括以下步骤:A、对样品进行包装;B、将包装好的样品放入中子反应堆进行照射;C、对中子辐照后的样品进行Ar同位素测量,计算得到氩‑氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄。本发明能够改进现有技术的不足,实现了一份样品的氩‑氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄的高精度联测。

Description

一种地外样品氩-氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄的联测方法
技术领域
本发明涉及地外样品检测技术领域,尤其涉及一种地外样品氩-氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄的联测方法。
背景技术
在研究地外样本性质时,对其氩-氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄的测定是常见的检测项目。现有技术中,对于上述检测项目通常是分开独立进行检测的,不仅操作步骤繁多,而且最终的检测精度也有待提高。而且分开独立检测就需要准备两份样品,由于样品的不均匀性,两份样品分别测得的氩氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄很有可能不能同时用来解释某种地质过程。由于地外样品的珍贵稀少性,如果能用尽量少的样品得到尽可能多的信息则显得尤为重要。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种地外样品氩-氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄的联测方法,能够解决现有技术的不足,实现了一份样品的氩-氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄的高精度联测。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明所采取的技术方案如下。
一种地外样品氩-氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄的联测方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
A、对样品进行包装;
B、将包装好的样品放入中子反应堆进行照射;
C、对中子辐照后的样品进行Ar同位素测量,计算得到氩-氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄。
作为优选,步骤A中,将待测样品用铝箔包装成直径5mm的圆饼状,每个样品包装与年代学标样在竖向上间隔放置,共同放入玻璃管中。
作为优选,步骤B中,将钾盐和钙盐分别包装成直径5mm的圆饼状,与盛放有待测样品的玻璃管一起进行中子照射,每次照射包含1-2个钾盐样品和1-2个钙盐样品。
作为优选,步骤C中,采取激光加热熔融或者高温炉加热熔融的方式释放照射后样品的气体组分,对气体组分进行活性气体去除后,将气体送入稀有气体质谱仪进行Ar同位素的测量;
氩-氩年龄的计算公式为
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
宇宙暴露年龄的计算公式为
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
其中,t为氩-氩年龄,λ为衰变常数,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
分别为40K衰变为40Ar的两个分支的衰 变常数,40Ar*为放射性成因子体,39ArK是由39K经中子照射产生的39Ar,39K和40K分别为钾两 种同位素,Δ为照射时间,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
为能量为E的中子通量,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
为能量为E的中子反应截面,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
为宇宙暴露年龄,38Arcos为宇宙射线成因的38Ar,37ArCa为样品中的Ca在核反 应堆中子照射过程中产生的37Ar,P38/[Ca]为38Arcos相对于Ca浓度的产率,γ为37ArCa与Ca含 量相关的辐照参数。
作为优选,在样品测量前,按照与样品同样的测试流程测量系统本底,用来做本底校正,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
带有下角标m表示是实际样品测量值,带有下角标b则表示是本底值。
作为优选,基于多次标准空气的测量,对质量歧视校正因子MDF进行校正,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
(40Ar/36Ar)空气理论为空气中40Ar/36Ar比值的理论值,(40Ar/36Ar)空气实测为实际测量空气时得到的40Ar/36Ar比值。
作为优选,以40Ar为基准,分别根据质量数之差去做其余Ar同位素的质量歧视校正,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
作为优选,对37Ar和39Ar进行衰变校正,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
其中,mArcorr为质量数为m的Ar同位素经质量歧视校正后的值,m为质量数,即m=37 或39,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
是质量数为m的Ar同位素的衰变常数,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
是核反应堆的能量水平,n是照射的循环 数,d是每个照射循环的持续时间,单位小时,t是照射与测量间的时间间隔,单位小时。
作为优选,对中子辐照过程的干扰因素进行校正,
对照射后的K盐和Ca盐进行Ar同位素测量计算,得到K、Ca的校正参数,包括(36Ar/37Ar)Ca、(38Ar/39Ar)K、(39Ar/37Ar)Ca,(40Ar/39Ar)K,全部37Ar是中子辐照过程中Ca产生的,37Arcorr=37ArCa
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
36Arcorr=36Ar-36ArCa=36Ar-(36Ar/37Ar)Ca*37ArCa
39ArK=39Arcorr-39ArCa=39Arcorr-(39Ar/37Ar)Ca*37ArCa
38Arcorr=38Ar-38ArK=38Ar-(38Ar/39Ar)K*39ArK
40Arcorr=40Ar-40ArK=40Ar-(40Ar/39Ar)K*39ArK
作为优选,对宇宙射线成因的38Ar进行校正,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
38Artrapped是捕获组分的38Ar的量,(36Ar/38Ar)cos是宇宙射线成因的36Ar/38Ar比值,(40Ar/36Ar)trapped是捕获组分的40Ar/36Ar比值。
采用上述技术方案所带来的有益效果在于:本发明是针对中子活化后的地外样品,通过改进样品处理方法和计算过程,以及校正区分不同来源的Ar同位素,实现了对同一样品的氩-氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄的联测。
附图说明
图1是本发明一个具体实施方式的流程图。
具体实施方式
一种地外样品氩-氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄的联测方法,包括以下步骤:
A、对样品进行包装;
B、将包装好的样品放入中子反应堆进行照射;
C、对中子辐照后的样品进行Ar同位素测量,计算得到氩-氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄。
步骤A中,将待测样品用铝箔包装成直径5mm的圆饼状,每个样品包装与年代学标样在竖向上间隔放置,共同放入玻璃管中。
步骤B中,将钾盐和钙盐分别包装成直径5mm的圆饼状,与盛放有待测样品的玻璃管一起进行中子照射,每次照射包含1个钾盐样品和1个钙盐样品。
步骤C中,采取激光加热熔融或者高温炉加热熔融的方式释放照射后样品的气体组分,对气体组分进行活性气体去除后,将气体送入稀有气体质谱仪进行Ar同位素的测量;
氩-氩年龄的计算公式为
Figure 965038DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
宇宙暴露年龄的计算公式为
Figure 819862DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
其中,t为氩-氩年龄,λ为衰变常数,
Figure 255391DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Figure 181759DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
分别为40K衰变为40Ar的两个分支的衰 变常数,40Ar*为放射性成因子体,39ArK是由39K经中子照射产生的39Ar,39K和40K分别为钾两 种同位素,Δ为照射时间,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
为能量为E的中子通量,
Figure 933814DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
为能量为E的中子反应截面,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
为宇宙暴露年龄,38Arcos为宇宙射线成因的38Ar,37ArCa为样品中的Ca在核反 应堆中子照射过程中产生的37Ar,P38/[Ca]为38Arcos相对于Ca浓度的产率,γ为37ArCa与Ca含 量相关的辐照参数。
为了进一步提高检测准确度,对检测过程中的参数进行如下校正。
在样品测量前,按照与样品同样的测试流程测量系统本底,用来做本底校正,
Figure 208807DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
带有下角标m表示是实际样品测量值,带有下角标b则表示是本底值。
基于多次标准空气的测量,对质量歧视校正因子MDF进行校正,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
(40Ar/36Ar)空气理论为空气中40Ar/36Ar比值的理论值,(40Ar/36Ar)空气实测为实际测量空气时得到的40Ar/36Ar比值。
40Ar为基准,分别根据质量数之差去做其余Ar同位素的质量歧视校正,
Figure 413523DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
37Ar和39Ar进行衰变校正,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
其中,mArcorr为质量数为m的Ar同位素经质量歧视校正后的值,m为质量数,即m=37 或39,
Figure 799374DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
是质量数为m的Ar同位素的衰变常数,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
是核反应堆的能量水平,n是照射的循环 数,d是每个照射循环的持续时间,单位小时,t是照射与测量间的时间间隔,单位小时。
对中子辐照过程的干扰因素进行校正,
对照射后的K盐和Ca盐进行Ar同位素测量计算,得到K、Ca的校正参数,包括(36Ar/37Ar)Ca、(38Ar/39Ar)K、(39Ar/37Ar)Ca,(40Ar/39Ar)K,全部37Ar是中子辐照过程中Ca产生的,37Arcorr=37ArCa
Figure 405936DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
36Arcorr=36Ar-36ArCa=36Ar-(36Ar/37Ar)Ca*37ArCa
39ArK=39Arcorr-39ArCa=39Arcorr-(39Ar/37Ar)Ca*37ArCa
38Arcorr=38Ar-38ArK=38Ar-(38Ar/39Ar)K*39ArK
40Arcorr=40Ar-40ArK=40Ar-(40Ar/39Ar)K*39ArK
对宇宙射线成因的38Ar进行校正,
Figure 586250DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
38Artrapped是捕获组分的38Ar的量,(36Ar/38Ar)cos是宇宙射线成因的36Ar/38Ar比值,(40Ar/36Ar)trapped是捕获组分的40Ar/36Ar比值。
在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (7)

1.一种地外样品氩-氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄的联测方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
A、对样品进行包装:将待测样品用铝箔包装成直径5mm的圆饼状,每个样品包装与年代学标样在竖向上间隔放置,共同放入玻璃管中;
B、将包装好的样品放入中子反应堆进行照射:将钾盐和钙盐分别包装成直径5mm的圆饼状,与盛放有待测样品的玻璃管一起进行中子照射,每次照射包含1-2个钾盐样品和1-2个钙盐样品
C、对中子辐照后的样品进行Ar同位素测量,计算得到氩-氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄:采取激光加热熔融或者高温炉加热熔融的方式释放照射后样品的气体组分,对气体组分进行活性气体去除后,将气体送入稀有气体质谱仪进行Ar同位素的测量;
氩-氩年龄的计算公式为
Figure 430359DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Figure 508037DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
宇宙暴露年龄的计算公式为
Figure 136989DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
其中,t为氩-氩年龄,λ为衰变常数,
Figure 616512DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Figure 787730DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
分别为40K衰变为40Ar的两个分支的衰变常数,40Ar*为放射性成因子体,39ArK是由39K经中子照射产生的39Ar,39K和40K分别为钾两种同位素,Δ为照射时间,
Figure 601971DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
为能量为E的中子通量,
Figure 251258DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
为能量为E的中子反应截面,
Figure 585288DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
为宇宙暴露年龄,38Arcos为宇宙射线成因的38Ar,37ArCa为样品中的Ca在核反应堆中子照射过程中产生的37Ar,P38/[Ca]为38Arcos相对于Ca浓度的产率,γ为37ArCa与Ca含量相关的辐照参数。
2.根据权利要求1所述的地外样品氩-氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄的联测方法,其特征在于:在样品测量前,按照与样品同样的测试流程测量系统本底,用来做本底校正,
Figure 442254DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
带有下角标m表示是实际样品测量值,带有下角标b则表示是本底值。
3.根据权利要求2所述的地外样品氩-氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄的联测方法,其特征在于:基于多次标准空气的测量,对质量歧视校正因子MDF进行校正,
Figure 228944DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
(40Ar/36Ar)空气理论为空气中40Ar/36Ar比值的理论值,(40Ar/36Ar)空气实测为实际测量空气时得到的40Ar/36Ar比值。
4.根据权利要求3所述的地外样品氩-氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄的联测方法,其特征在于:以40Ar为基准,分别根据质量数之差去做其余Ar同位素的质量歧视校正,
Figure 947502DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
5.根据权利要求4所述的地外样品氩-氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄的联测方法,其特征在于:对37Ar和39Ar进行衰变校正,
Figure 385305DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
其中,mArcorr为质量数为m的Ar同位素经质量歧视校正后的值,m为质量数,即m=37或39,
Figure 163905DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
是质量数为m的Ar同位素的衰变常数,
Figure 703471DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
是核反应堆的能量水平,n是照射的循环数,d是每个照射循环的持续时间,单位小时,t是照射与测量间的时间间隔,单位小时。
6.根据权利要求5所述的地外样品氩-氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄的联测方法,其特征在于:对中子辐照过程的干扰因素进行校正,
对照射后的K盐和Ca盐进行Ar同位素测量计算,得到K、Ca的校正参数,包括(36Ar/37Ar)Ca、(38Ar/39Ar)K、(39Ar/37Ar)Ca,(40Ar/39Ar)K,全部37Ar是中子辐照过程中Ca产生的,37Arcorr=37ArCa
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
7.根据权利要求6所述的地外样品氩-氩年龄和宇宙暴露年龄的联测方法,其特征在于:对宇宙射线成因的38Ar进行校正,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
38Artrapped是捕获组分的38Ar的量,(36Ar/38Ar)cos是宇宙射线成因的36Ar/38Ar比值,(40Ar/36Ar)trapped是捕获组分的40Ar/36Ar比值,36Artrapped是捕获组分的36Ar的量,40Artrapped是捕获组分的40Ar的量,(36Ar/38Ar)trapped是捕获组分的36Ar/38Ar比值。
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