CN113325424A - Method for estimating amount of space of artificial fish reef according to multi-beam water depth data - Google Patents
Method for estimating amount of space of artificial fish reef according to multi-beam water depth data Download PDFInfo
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- CN113325424A CN113325424A CN202110614902.4A CN202110614902A CN113325424A CN 113325424 A CN113325424 A CN 113325424A CN 202110614902 A CN202110614902 A CN 202110614902A CN 113325424 A CN113325424 A CN 113325424A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/539—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for estimating the amount of space of an artificial fish reef according to multi-beam water depth data, which comprises the following steps: s1: measuring water depth data of the artificial fish reef cluster and the sea area around the artificial fish reef cluster by using a multi-beam sounding system; s2: calculating the seabed gradient by using the water depth data; s3: determining the distribution of the artificial fish reef according to the seabed gradient, and extracting first water depth data in an envelope curve; s4: the first water depth data is differed from the second water depth data when no reef is thrown to obtain the reef height of the artificial fish reef and calculate the occupied area of the artificial fish reef; s5: and multiplying the height of the reefs and the occupied area to calculate the amount of the empty space of the artificial fish reef, and calculating the amount of the empty space of the unit fish reef and the total amount of the empty space of the group of the artificial fish reefs. According to the method for estimating the artificial fish reef vacancy volume according to the multi-beam depth data, the fish reef distribution is determined by utilizing the high-resolution depth data measured by the multi-beam depth sounding system, and the actual putting position and the actual vacancy volume of the artificial fish reef are conveniently determined at low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ocean engineering measurement and calculation, in particular to a method for estimating the amount of space of an artificial fish reef according to multi-beam water depth data.
Background
The artificial fish reef is a structure artificially arranged in the sea, and aims to improve the ecological environment of the sea area, build a good environment for the inhabitation of marine organisms, provide places for the propagation, growth, bait making and enemy sheltering of fishes and the like, and achieve the purposes of protecting, proliferating and improving the harvest yield. The artificial fish reef is put into one of the important links in the artificial fish reef construction process, and the quality of putting in the result influences the realization effect of artificial fish reef function, and at present, the input of artificial fish reef is often according to visual measurement or GPS location, and at the input in-process, receives the restriction of sea condition and various factors such as the reef technique of throwing in, has great error between the actual input position of artificial fish reef and the design position. After the artificial fish reef is put in, the bearing capacity can be different due to different types of seabed sediments, so that the overlying structures can be settled to different degrees under the action of self bearing power or hydrodynamic force and the like, and the difference between the measurement evaluation amount and the actual putting amount of the artificial fish reef is caused. The key point of the evaluation of the amount of the empty space of the artificial fish reef is to accurately obtain the fluctuation condition of the submarine topography and calculate the actual throwing result by comparing the change of the submarine topography before and after the artificial fish reef is thrown.
The multi-beam sounding system is a high-precision sounding instrument. The sound waves covered by a wide sector are transmitted to the seabed by using the transmitting transducer array, the sound waves are received by using the receiving transducer array through narrow beams, irradiation footprints for seabed terrain are formed through the orthogonality of the directions of the transmitting and receiving sectors, the footprints are properly processed, and the water depth values of hundreds or even more seabed measured points in a vertical plane perpendicular to the course can be given out through one-time detection. The system integrates a high-precision positioning sensor, an attitude sensor and a high-resolution sonar probe, and can realize full-coverage high-precision high-efficiency underwater scanning work.
The existing artificial fish reef empty vector estimation needs a multi-beam sounding system to realize the measurement of the water depth of a target sea area, and a seabed side scan sonar detection system to detect seabed landform entity units and distribution characteristics thereof. On the basis, the data of the multi-beam sounding system and the side-scan sonar detection system are comprehensively interpreted, and a target sea area seabed digital model is constructed based on the three-dimensional space analysis function of the ArcGIS software platform. Under the coordination of the side-scan sonar detection system for identifying typical landform entity units at the seabed, the distribution of artificial reefs is delineated, the volume of the artificial reefs is calculated by using a space analysis method, and finally the total feeding and emptying volume of all the identified artificial reefs in the target sea area is obtained.
The prior art has high cost and needs a seabed side-scan sonar detection system and an ArcGIS software platform. The side-scan sonar detection system has certain use cost. The side-scan sonar detection system can acquire high-resolution submarine landform unit attribute information, but the specific structure of the fish reef monomer can be ignored when the total space volume is estimated. ArcGIS is a commercial software, and needs to pay a certain fee when being used.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for estimating the space volume of the artificial fish reef according to the multi-beam water depth data, a side-scan sonar detection system and an ArcGIS software platform are omitted, the seabed gradient is calculated by using the high-resolution water depth data measured by the multi-beam sounding system to determine the fish reef distribution, and the actual putting position and the actual space volume of the artificial fish reef are conveniently determined at low cost.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for estimating an amount of space in an artificial fish reef based on multi-beam water depth data, comprising the steps of:
s1: measuring an artificial fish reef group and water depth data of a sea area around the artificial fish reef group by using a multi-beam sounding system, wherein the artificial fish reef group comprises a plurality of artificial fish reefs;
s2: calculating the sea bottom gradient by using the water depth data;
s3: determining the distribution of artificial fish reefs according to the seabed gradient, dividing the artificial fish reefs in a certain range into unit fish reefs in an envelope line isolation area, and extracting first water depth data in the envelope line;
s4: the first water depth data is differed from the second water depth data when no reef is thrown to obtain the reef body height of the artificial fish reef and calculate the occupied area of the artificial fish reef;
s5: multiplying the reef height by the occupied area of the artificial fish reef to calculate the amount of the space of the artificial fish reef; calculating the amount of the empty space of the unit fish reef; and calculating the total empty square amount of the artificial fish reef group.
Preferably, in the step S2, the gridding is performed on the data, and the seafloor slope of a first data point is represented by calculating a maximum rate of change of the elevation data of the first data point and the distance between eight second data points adjacent to the first data point.
Preferably, the S2 further comprises the steps of:
s21: the rate of change of the first data point in the east-west direction and the north-south direction is calculated according to equation (1):
wherein Z isc、Zf、Zi、Za、Zd、Zg、Zh、ZbAnd ZcElevation data representing each of the second data; dx represents the spatial resolution in the east-west direction, dy represents the spatial resolution in the north-south direction; dz/dx represents the rate of change of elevation data in the east-west direction; dz/dy represents the rate of change of elevation data in the north-south direction;
s22: calculating the seabed Slope according to a formula (2):
preferably, the step of S3 further comprises the steps of:
s31: extracting the artificial fish reef by taking the seabed gradient of more than 45 degrees as a criterion, and dividing the artificial fish reef in a certain range into unit fish reefs in an envelope line isolation area;
s32: and extracting the first water depth data in the envelope one by one.
Preferably, the amount of the empty space of the unit fish reef is equal to the sum of the amount of the empty space of each artificial fish reef of the unit fish reef; the total amount of the empty space of the artificial fish reef group is equal to the sum of the amount of the empty space of each unit fish reef.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method, a side-scan sonar detection system and an ArcGIS software platform are omitted, the seabed gradient is calculated by using the high-resolution water depth data measured by the multi-beam sounding system to determine the fish reef distribution, and the actual putting position and the actual amount of space of the artificial fish reef can be conveniently determined at low cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for estimating an amount of artificial fish reef vacancy according to multi-beam water depth data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a 3 × 3 grid diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings, fig. 1 and 2, will provide a better understanding of the function and features of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a method for estimating an amount of space in an artificial fish reef according to multi-beam water depth data according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of:
s1: measuring water depth data of an artificial fish reef cluster and a sea area around the artificial fish reef cluster by using a multi-beam sounding system, wherein the artificial fish reef cluster comprises a plurality of artificial fish reefs;
in step S2, the data is gridded, and the seafloor slope of a first data point is represented by calculating a maximum rate of change of the elevation data of the first data point and the distance between eight second data points adjacent to the first data point.
Using the maximum mean method, the 3 x 3 area around the center point is treated as a plane, and these adjacent data points are determined using the letters a through i, where e is at the center of the 3 x 3 area, representing the first data point for which the slope is currently being calculated.
S2: calculating the seabed gradient by using the water depth data;
s2 further includes the steps of:
s21: the rate of change of the first data point in the east-west direction and the north-south direction is calculated according to equation (1):
wherein Z isc、Zf、Zi、Za、Zd、Zg、Zh、ZbAnd ZcElevation data representing each second data; dx represents the spatial resolution in the east-west direction, dy represents the spatial resolution in the north-south direction; dz/dx represents the rate of change of elevation data in the east-west direction; dz/dy represents the rate of change of elevation data in the north-south direction;
s22: calculating the seabed Slope according to the formula (2):
s3: determining the distribution of artificial fish reefs according to the seabed gradient, dividing the artificial fish reefs in a certain range into unit fish reefs in an envelope line isolation region, and extracting first water depth data in the envelope line;
the step of S3 further includes the steps of:
s31: extracting artificial fish reefs by taking the seabed gradient greater than 45 degrees as a criterion, and dividing the artificial fish reefs in a certain range into unit fish reefs in an envelope line isolation area;
s32: first water depth data within the envelope are extracted one by one.
The boundary of each unit fish reef is an arbitrary closed polygon, the number of the closed polygons of the boundary of each unit fish reef is recorded as N, and the boundary of the jth unit fish reef is recorded as polygon Dj. Extracting the water depth data in the envelope line, polygon D one by onejThe number of data points in is recorded as Nj。
S4: the first water depth data is differed from the second water depth data when no reef is thrown to obtain the reef height of the artificial fish reef and calculate the occupied area of the artificial fish reef;
recording the average water depth of the sea area before reef throwing as H0Polygon DjRepresented by the kth data inDepth of water is noted as hj(k) Height H of fish reef at point kj(k)=hj(k)-H0;
The footprint S represented by a single data point0The occupation area S of the jth unit fish reef is dx multiplied by dyj=S0×Nj. Total area of reef area
S5: multiplying the reef height by the occupied area of the artificial fish reef to calculate the empty volume of the artificial fish reef; calculating the amount of the empty space of the unit fish reef; and calculating the total empty square amount of the artificial fish reef group.
The amount of the empty space of the unit fish reef is equal to the sum of the amount of the empty space of each artificial fish reef of the unit fish reef; the total amount of the empty space of the artificial fish reef group is equal to the sum of the amount of the empty space of each unit of fish reef.
Empty volume V of k-point fish reefj(k)=Hj(k)*S0. Empty volume of jth stacking fish reefThe total volume of the artificial fish reef area is
The artificial fish reef cluster is a permutation and combination of a plurality of unit fish reefs, and the unit fish reefs are a permutation and combination of a plurality of artificial fish reef monomers. According to the method, the shape of the artificial fish reef monomer is not considered, and the estimation result is more accurate when the resolution of the water depth data measured by the multi-beam sounding system is higher.
According to the method for estimating the artificial fish reef vacancy volume according to the multi-beam water depth data, the method for estimating the artificial fish reef vacancy volume by using the high-resolution water depth data can simply and effectively reflect the engineering condition and the effect of the thrown fish reef, and provides a basis for evaluating the later ecological effect of artificial fish reef construction. Because the envelope has a certain width, the occupied area of the reef can be estimated to a certain extent, and therefore the volume of the reef is overestimated. The accuracy of the null square estimation is improved along with the improvement of the resolution of the water depth data measured by the multi-beam sounding system. The invention provides a measuring and calculating method which is applicable to the following sea areas: the sea area has few natural reefs and the sea area has small difference of the flat water depth of the seabed before the reef is thrown.
In this embodiment, the average water depth before reefs is 16.84m, the horizontal resolution of the water depth data is 0.5m, and the area occupied by reefs is 268.66m2The average height of the reef is 2.76m, and the estimated volume of the reef is 741.67m3。
While the present invention has been described in detail and with reference to the embodiments thereof as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein. Therefore, certain details of the embodiments are not to be interpreted as limiting, and the scope of the invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for estimating the amount of the artificial fish reef space according to multi-beam water depth data comprises the following steps:
s1: measuring an artificial fish reef group and water depth data of a sea area around the artificial fish reef group by using a multi-beam sounding system, wherein the artificial fish reef group comprises a plurality of artificial fish reefs;
s2: calculating the sea bottom gradient by using the water depth data;
s3: determining the distribution of artificial fish reefs according to the seabed gradient, dividing the artificial fish reefs in a certain range into unit fish reefs in an envelope line isolation area, and extracting first water depth data in the envelope line;
s4: the first water depth data is differed from the second water depth data when no reef is thrown to obtain the reef body height of the artificial fish reef and calculate the occupied area of the artificial fish reef;
s5: multiplying the reef height by the occupied area of the artificial fish reef to calculate the amount of the space of the artificial fish reef; calculating the amount of the empty space of the unit fish reef; and calculating the total empty square amount of the artificial fish reef group.
2. The method for estimating artificial fish reef vacancy volume according to multi-beam water depth data of claim 1, wherein the step of S2 gridding the data represents the seafloor slope of a first data point by calculating a maximum rate of change of the elevation data of the first data point and the distance between eight second data points adjacent to the first data point.
3. The method for estimating artificial fish reef airspace volume from multi-beam water depth data according to claim 2, wherein the S2 further comprises the steps of:
s21: the rate of change of the first data point in the east-west direction and the north-south direction is calculated according to equation (1):
wherein Z isc、Zf、Zi、Za、Zd、Zg、Zh、ZbAnd ZcElevation data representing each of the second data; dx represents the spatial resolution in the east-west direction, dy represents the spatial resolution in the north-south direction; dz/dx represents the rate of change of elevation data in the east-west direction; dz/dy represents the rate of change of elevation data in the north-south direction;
s22: calculating the seabed Slope according to a formula (2):
4. the method for estimating artificial fish reef airspace volume from multi-beam water depth data according to claim 1, wherein the step of S3 further comprises the steps of:
s31: extracting the artificial fish reef by taking the seabed gradient of more than 45 degrees as a criterion, and dividing the artificial fish reef in a certain range into unit fish reefs in an envelope line isolation area;
s32: and extracting the first water depth data in the envelope one by one.
5. The method for estimating artificial fish reef void volume according to the multi-beam water depth data of claim 1 wherein the unit fish reef void volume is equal to the sum of the void volume of each of the artificial fish reefs of the unit fish reefs; the total amount of the empty space of the artificial fish reef group is equal to the sum of the amount of the empty space of each unit fish reef.
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