CN113325394B - Trigger signal shaping circuit applied to Q-switched pulse laser and laser radar system - Google Patents
Trigger signal shaping circuit applied to Q-switched pulse laser and laser radar system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113325394B CN113325394B CN202110582357.5A CN202110582357A CN113325394B CN 113325394 B CN113325394 B CN 113325394B CN 202110582357 A CN202110582357 A CN 202110582357A CN 113325394 B CN113325394 B CN 113325394B
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- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012994 industrial processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/484—Transmitters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/486—Receivers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a trigger signal shaping circuit applied to a Q-switched pulse laser and a laser radar system, wherein the circuit comprises a third MOS tube, a fourth MOS tube, a capacitor and a resistor, wherein a signal source is input to a grid electrode of the third MOS tube through an inverting circuit, the source electrode of the third MOS tube is connected with a high level through a first resistor, a drain electrode of the third MOS tube is grounded through a second resistor, and two ends of the second resistor are connected with a first capacitor in parallel; the drain electrode of the fourth MOS tube is connected with the second capacitor and then used as a signal output end, the source electrode of the fourth MOS tube is grounded, the grid electrode of the fourth MOS tube is connected with the drain electrode of the third MOS tube through a third resistor, and the third resistor is used for dividing voltage, eliminating jitter and delaying the closing of the fourth MOS tube. The invention can reduce or even prevent the leakage of radio frequency power, achieve the purpose of reducing or eliminating noise interference when the Q-switched driver is started by radio frequency, effectively reduce the high-frequency noise interference of the Q-switched laser and inhibit ringing.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a signal processing circuit in a laser, and more particularly, to a trigger signal shaping circuit applied to a Q-switched pulse laser.
Background
The Q-switched pulse laser is widely applied to the fields of industrial processing, environmental monitoring, scientific research and the like. In the Q-switched pulse laser, waveforms and timing relationships between the Q trigger signal, the Q sync signal, the rf signal, and the optical pulse are as shown in fig. 1. In order to ensure stable output peak power and sampling accuracy, it is generally required that rising edges of the Q trigger signal and the Q sync signal be as steep as possible and that the repetition frequency be as stable as possible. The high-speed FPGA or the embedded single chip microcomputer with higher main frequency is generally adopted as a trigger source in the conventional design, and a drive enhancing circuit or a drive chip is matched to enable a Q trigger signal and a Q synchronous signal to meet the load carrying capacity of 50 omega load impedance. As shown in fig. 2, a conventional Q-switched signal load amplifying circuit scheme is shown, and the Q-switched synchronous signal scheme is the same as the conventional Q-switched signal load amplifying circuit scheme. The Q trigger signal is connected with the Q-switching driver, when the Q trigger signal is not generated, the Q-switching driver outputs a radio frequency signal with larger power (for example, a certain Q-switching driver outputs the radio frequency signal with the frequency of 80MHz and the power of 10W), at the moment, the optical path is in an energy storage stage, and the output end does not have light output; when the Q trigger signal exists, the Q-switching driver turns off the radio frequency output, the resonant cavity rapidly emits accumulated light energy in the form of short pulse width high peak power light pulse, and fixed heavy frequency pulse light is formed repeatedly. The Q sync signal is typically provided to the client acquisition module for rising edge sync trigger sampling.
In practical radar system applications, the echo signals received by the telescope are very weak, and thus the requirements on noise are very stringent. In a certain radar system, the sampling noise is required to be controlled within 0.02mV, but due to the compact structural design of the system, the radio frequency signal of the Q-switched driver of the laser is leaked, the laser is very easy to be coupled into an acquisition loop, and the sampling noise of the system caused by the leakage is on the order of 0.05 mV-0.1 mV, so that larger interference is caused to inversion data, and the use requirement is far not met.
In order to prevent or reduce the radio frequency power leakage, the traditional solution is to perform shielding treatment on the cable of the Q-switched driver or to wrap the cable of the Q-switched driver with shielding materials, but practical tests find that the radio frequency power leakage path comprises cable conduction and space coupling, and the two methods hardly ensure that the interfaces of the connectors have no radio frequency power leakage, and slightly bad treatment can exceed the standard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems, the invention provides a trigger signal shaping circuit applied to a Q-switched pulse laser and a corresponding laser radar system, which can reduce or even prevent the leakage of radio frequency power, achieve the purpose of reducing or eliminating noise interference when the Q-switched driver is started by radio frequency, effectively reduce the high-frequency noise interference of the Q-switched laser and inhibit ringing.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention adopts the technical scheme that the trigger signal shaping circuit applied to the Q-switched pulse laser comprises a third MOS tube, a fourth MOS tube, a capacitor and a resistor, wherein a signal source is input to a grid electrode of the third MOS tube through an inverting circuit, the source electrode of the third MOS tube is connected with a high level through a first resistor, a drain electrode of the third MOS tube is grounded through a second resistor, and two ends of the second resistor are connected with the first capacitor in parallel; the drain electrode of the fourth MOS tube is connected with the second capacitor and then used as a signal output end, the source electrode of the fourth MOS tube is grounded, the grid electrode of the fourth MOS tube is connected with the drain electrode of the third MOS tube through a third resistor, and the third resistor is used for dividing voltage, eliminating jitter and delaying the closing of the fourth MOS tube; the third MOS transistor is used as a charging delay switch, when the signal source is at a high level, the third MOS transistor is conducted to charge the first capacitor, and the first capacitor delays the conduction of the fourth MOS transistor, so that the purpose of delay charging is achieved; the fourth MOS transistor is used as a second capacitor input and cut-off switch; the second capacitor is used as a delay discharge capacitor, and delays the falling edge of the output signal when the signal source is changed from high to low, so that the falling edge range is delayed to 800 ns-2 us. The third MOS tube is a P-channel MOS tube, and the fourth MOS tube is an N-channel MOS tube.
The inverting circuit comprises a first MOS tube, wherein the grid electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with a signal source, the source electrode is grounded, the drain electrode is connected with a high level through a resistor, and the drain electrode is connected with the grid electrode of the third MOS tube through another resistor.
The circuit also comprises a second MOS tube, the source electrode of the second MOS tube is connected with the high level through a resistor, the grid electrode is connected with the output end of the inverting circuit through another resistor, and the drain electrode is connected with the signal output end of the second capacitor through a resistor.
The circuit can be applied to a Q-switched pulse laser, and the trigger signal shaping circuit is connected before a Q-switched driver of the Q-switched pulse laser, so that the purpose of reducing or eliminating noise interference when the Q-switched driver is started at radio frequency can be achieved. The synchronous Q-switching circuit in the Q-switching pulse laser is connected with a trigger signal shaping circuit with the same structure.
In a laser radar system, a light source is usually a Q-switched laser, and the problem that interference noise is introduced by Q triggering exists, so that the trigger signal shaping circuit applied to the Q-switched pulse laser can be applied to the laser radar system, high-frequency noise interference in the laser radar system is effectively avoided, and ringing is restrained.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: 1. the invention weakens the interference source from the source, so that the Q-switched driver is thoroughly free from the concern of such noise; 2. the trigger signal shaping circuit has low cost of components and parts, and the increase of the cost is negligible; 3. the invention can be improved to be designed as an independent small plug-in unit which is connected to the improved front control plate without the need of factory return maintenance or replacement of the front control plate; 4. the laser radar generally needs to synchronously acquire signals, a light source in the laser radar is generally an active Q-switched laser, the problem that the Q trigger causes interference is also solved, and the shaping circuit can be popularized to most laser radar systems; 5. the analog circuit design thought stated in the invention achieves the purpose of effectively reducing high-frequency noise interference by adjusting pulse waveform, suppresses ringing, and has application range not only limited to radar systems based on lasers, but also applicable to other fields.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the waveform and timing relationship of a Q-switched pulse laser signal;
FIG. 2 is a conventional Q-switched signal on-load amplification circuit scheme;
FIG. 3 is a trigger signal shaping circuit scheme according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the waveform and timing relationship of the Q-switched pulse laser signal after being shaped by the trigger signal shaping circuit according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a graph showing the actual measurement of the signal waveform of the Q-switched pulse laser after being shaped by the trigger signal shaping circuit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 2, a conventional Q-switched signal load amplifying circuit scheme is shown, and noise interference of 0.05 mV-0.1 mV magnitude is usually found at a radar data acquisition end when a Q-switched driver is started at radio frequency, and the specification requires that the noise is less than or equal to 0.02mV, and the noise causes larger interference to inversion data. As shown in fig. 1, which shows the waveform and timing relationship of the Q-switched pulse laser signal, after the noise generation mechanism is studied in depth, we find that the rapid rising of the radio frequency signal in the falling edge process of the Q trigger signal is a cause of excessive system sampling noise, and under the condition of delaying the falling edge of the Q trigger signal, that is, the falling edge is delayed from about 10ns to about 800ns to 2 μs, even if the relevant loop of the Q-switched driver does not perform shielding treatment, the sampling noise can well meet the specification requirement.
Fig. 3 shows a trigger signal shaping circuit applied to a Q-switched pulse laser according to the present invention. In order to enable the pulse to rise rapidly and fall slowly, the circuit delays the input capacitor to delay charging, and delays the cut-off capacitor to discharge slowly. The purpose of the capacitor delay charging is to not weaken the rising speed, and the purpose of the delay cutting off the capacitor is to slow down the falling speed. The Q trigger signal and the Q sync signal themselves need to have a load capacity of 50Ω, so the shaping circuit needs to consider the power amplifying property. The first MOS tube Qf05 is an N-channel MOS tube and provides a reverse function for signals, so that the final signal output and the phase of the input signal are ensured to be consistent. The first MOS tube Qf05 is of the type BSS123. The second MOS tube Qf06 is a P-channel MOS tube which is used as a main loop power supply switch, and when the signal source ISO_Trig is at a high level, the output signal of the rear-end isoAOM_Trig is at a high level; the second MOS tube Qf06 is selected to be SSM3J332R. The third MOS tube Qf07 is also a P-channel MOS tube and is used as a delay switch of a charging circuit, when the signal source ISO_Trig is at a high level, the third MOS tube Qf07 is conducted to charge a capacitor of the first capacitor Cf11 (1 nF), and the capacitor can delay the conduction of the fourth MOS tube Qf09 (N-channel MOS tube), so that the purpose of delay charging is achieved. The third MOS tube Qf07 adopts a P-channel MOS tube with the model number of SSM3J332R. The fourth MOS tube Qf09 is an N-channel MOS tube and is used as a second capacitor Cf15 (15 nF) input and cut-off switch; the fourth MOS transistor Qf09 may be BSS123. The second capacitor Cf15 (15 nF) is used as a delay discharge capacitor, and continuously supplies power to the rear-end load when the signal source ISO_Trig is changed from high to low, so that the falling edge is delayed.
The first resistor Rf27 (5.1 k) and the second resistor Rf28 (5.1 k) provide a theoretical upper limit of G electrode opening voltage for the fourth MOS transistor Qf09, and the third resistor Rf25 (100) has the functions of voltage division, jitter elimination and delay of the closing of the N channel MOS transistor of the fourth MOS transistor Qf 09.
Specific parameters given by the design circuit in the embodiment have been verified, and the waveform actual measurement chart of the shaped signal of the Q-switched pulse laser is shown in fig. 5 before the trigger signal shaping circuit applied to the Q-switched pulse laser is connected to the Q-switched driver.
The invention has been verified in the products, the actual measurement effect is good, the waveform and timing relation diagram of the shaped Q-switched pulse laser signal is shown in figure 4, the interference source is weakened from the source, and the problem of sampling noise caused to the system when the radio frequency is started is thoroughly solved. In a laser radar system, a light source is usually an active Q-switched laser, and the problem that interference noise is introduced by Q triggering exists, so that the shaping circuit can be applied to most laser radar systems designed based on Q-switched pulse lasers to shape Q-switched signals, delay the falling edge of the Q-switched signals, effectively inhibit high-frequency noise interference in the laser radar system and inhibit ringing.
Claims (6)
1. A trigger signal shaping circuit applied to a Q-switched pulse laser is characterized in that: the circuit comprises a third MOS tube, a fourth MOS tube, a capacitor and a resistor, wherein a signal source is input to the grid electrode of the third MOS tube through an inverting circuit, the source electrode of the third MOS tube is connected with a high level through a first resistor, the drain electrode of the third MOS tube is grounded through a second resistor, and the two ends of the second resistor are connected with a first capacitor in parallel; the drain electrode of the fourth MOS tube is connected with the second capacitor and then used as a signal output end, the source electrode of the fourth MOS tube is grounded, the grid electrode of the fourth MOS tube is connected with the drain electrode of the third MOS tube through a third resistor, and the third resistor is used for dividing voltage, eliminating jitter and delaying the closing of the fourth MOS tube; the third MOS transistor is used as a charging delay switch, when the signal source is at a high level, the third MOS transistor is conducted to charge the first capacitor, and the first capacitor delays the conduction of the fourth MOS transistor so as to achieve the purpose of delay charging; the fourth MOS transistor is used as a second capacitor input and cut-off switch; the second capacitor is used as a delay discharge capacitor, and the falling edge of an output signal is delayed when the signal source is changed from high to low, so that the falling edge range is delayed to 800 ns-2 mu s;
the inverting circuit comprises a first MOS tube, wherein the grid electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with a signal source, the source electrode is grounded, the drain electrode is connected with a high level through a resistor, and the drain electrode is connected with the grid electrode of the third MOS tube through another resistor;
the trigger signal shaping circuit also comprises a second MOS tube, the source electrode of the second MOS tube is connected with the high level through a resistor, the grid electrode is connected with the output end of the inverting circuit through another resistor, and the drain electrode is connected with the signal output end of the second capacitor through a resistor.
2. The trigger signal shaping circuit for use in a Q-switched pulse laser of claim 1, wherein: the third MOS tube is a P channel MOS tube, and the fourth MOS tube is an N channel MOS tube.
3. A Q-switched pulse laser comprising a Q-switched driver, characterized by: a trigger signal shaping circuit for use in a Q-switched pulse laser as claimed in any one of claims 1-2 is connected before the Q-switched driver.
4. The Q-switched pulse laser of claim 3, wherein: the synchronous Q-switching circuit in the Q-switching pulse laser is connected with a trigger signal shaping circuit with the same structure.
5. A lidar system comprising a Q-switched pulsed laser, characterized by: a trigger signal shaping circuit applied to a Q-switched pulse laser as claimed in any one of claims 1-2 is connected before a Q-switched driver in the Q-switched pulse laser.
6. The lidar system of claim 5, wherein: the synchronous Q-switching circuit in the Q-switching pulse laser is connected with a trigger signal shaping circuit with the same structure.
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| CN202110582357.5A CN113325394B (en) | 2021-05-26 | 2021-05-26 | Trigger signal shaping circuit applied to Q-switched pulse laser and laser radar system |
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| CN202110582357.5A CN113325394B (en) | 2021-05-26 | 2021-05-26 | Trigger signal shaping circuit applied to Q-switched pulse laser and laser radar system |
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| CN113325394A CN113325394A (en) | 2021-08-31 |
| CN113325394B true CN113325394B (en) | 2024-03-19 |
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