CN113325046A - Portable mechanical equipment for detecting liquid pollutants and detection method - Google Patents
Portable mechanical equipment for detecting liquid pollutants and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113325046A CN113325046A CN202110529826.7A CN202110529826A CN113325046A CN 113325046 A CN113325046 A CN 113325046A CN 202110529826 A CN202110529826 A CN 202110529826A CN 113325046 A CN113325046 A CN 113325046A
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- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
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Abstract
本发明提供一种用于液体污染物检测的便捷式机械设备及检测方法，包括：检测层和收纳层；检测层包括检测槽和参考槽；检测槽下方设有检测电容C1，参考槽下方设有参考电容C2；收纳层包括电阻R0、可调电阻Rx、可调电阻R1、可调电阻R2；电阻R0和可调电阻Rx串联形成第一接线端口、第二接线端口、第三接线端口；检测电容C1和可调电阻R1串联，一端形成第四接线端口，另一端连接第一接线端口；可调电阻R2和参考电容C2串联，一端连接第三接线端口，另一端连接第四接线端口；交流电源Ui连接在第一接线端口和第三接线端口上，形成电容电桥回路，第二接线端口和第四接线端口输出电压信号U。本发明以便携式机械设备为载体，实现对石油化工产品部分成分的测定。
The invention provides a convenient mechanical device and a detection method for liquid pollutant detection, comprising: a detection layer and a storage layer; the detection layer includes a detection slot and a reference slot; a detection capacitor C 1 is arranged under the detection slot, and the reference slot is below the reference slot. A reference capacitor C 2 is provided; the storage layer includes a resistor R 0 , an adjustable resistor R x , an adjustable resistor R 1 , and an adjustable resistor R 2 ; the resistor R 0 and the adjustable resistor Rx are connected in series to form a first connection port and a second connection port, the third connection port; the detection capacitor C 1 and the adjustable resistor R 1 are connected in series, one end forms the fourth connection port, and the other end is connected to the first connection port; the adjustable resistor R 2 is connected in series with the reference capacitor C 2 , and one end is connected to the third connection port The connection port is connected to the fourth connection port at the other end; the AC power supply U i is connected to the first connection port and the third connection port to form a capacitor bridge loop, and the second connection port and the fourth connection port output the voltage signal U. The invention uses portable mechanical equipment as a carrier to realize the determination of some components of petrochemical products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid detection, in particular to a convenient mechanical device for detecting liquid pollutants and a detection method.
Background
Many petrochemical products need to be tested and identified in terms of components when becoming commodities; or during the use process, the composition monitoring and early warning are required. For example, testing of water content in refrigerants, crude oil, gasoline, engine oil, greases, natural gas, petrochemicals, and like commodities; the water content of the refrigerant in the refrigerating system and the water content of oil in lubricating systems and hydraulic systems in the industries of automobile industry, ship manufacturing, constructional engineering machinery, mining machinery, agricultural machinery, plastic machinery, metallurgical machinery, aviation, and the like are monitored and early warned on line.
At present, the liquid detection technology mainly comprises: distillation, Karl Fischer, and infrared spectroscopy. The distillation method has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, accurate detection result and the like, but the detection equipment used by the method has large volume and cannot be applied to field real-time monitoring. In addition, the evaporation process of the water in the sample to be detected takes a lot of time, so that the detection efficiency of the method is low. The Karl Fischer method, also known as the coulomb method, is the most common method for detecting water in oil in a laboratory. According to the method, the moisture content in oil liquid and a Karl Fischer reagent are subjected to oxidation-reduction reaction, and the moisture content is calculated according to the Faraday law. The method has high detection efficiency, but the detection result is easily influenced by external environmental factors. The infrared spectroscopy is a mature moisture detection method, portable equipment based on the infrared spectroscopy is developed at present, and the infrared spectroscopy is applied to oil moisture detection. However, the contaminants in the oil liquid affect the accuracy of the detection result, so that the oil sample needs to be pretreated before the method is applied, so that the reliability of the detection result is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The method aims to solve the problems of complex detection process, long time consumption, large equipment, weak anti-interference capability and limited detection precision of the existing liquid detection method. The invention provides a convenient mechanical device for detecting liquid pollutants and a detection method. The invention uses portable mechanical equipment as a carrier to realize the determination of partial components of petrochemical products.
The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
a portable mechanical device for liquid contaminant detection, comprising: a detection layer and a receiving layer;
the detection layer comprises a detection groove and a reference groove; a detection capacitor C is arranged below the detection groove1A reference capacitor C is arranged below the reference groove2；
The receiving layer includes a resistor R0Adjustable resistance RxAdjustable resistance R1Adjustable resistance R2；
Resistance R0The adjustable resistor Rx is connected in series to form a first wiring port, a second wiring port and a third wiring port; detecting capacitance C1And an adjustable resistance R1The first wiring port and the second wiring port are connected in series, one end of the first wiring port is provided with a first wiring port, and the other end of the first wiring port is connected with a second wiring port; adjustable resistor R2And a reference capacitance C2One end of the first connecting wire is connected with the first connecting wire port, and the other end of the first connecting wire is connected with the second connecting wire port; AC power supply UiAnd the first wiring port, the second wiring port, the third wiring port and the fourth wiring port form a capacitance bridge loop under the excitation of the first wiring port and the third wiring port, and the second wiring port and the fourth wiring port output a voltage signal U.
Further, the top of the storage layer is also provided with a right storage groove and a left storage groove, and the capacitor C is detected1And a reference capacitance C2The two enameled wires respectively penetrate through the right accommodating groove and the left accommodating groove and the accommodating layerResistance R0Adjustable resistance RxAdjustable resistance R1Adjustable resistance R2And connecting according to the capacitance bridge loop.
Further, adjusting the adjustable resistance RxAdjustable resistance R1Adjustable resistance R2So that the capacitance bridge loop is balanced and the initial value of the output voltage signal U is zero.
Furthermore, a sliding groove is formed in the front end of the portable mechanical device, a sliding cover is arranged in the sliding groove, and the sliding cover slides up and down or slides left and right in the sliding groove.
Furthermore, the sliding cover is provided with sliding teeth, and the sliding teeth are meshed with the sliding groove.
A detection method based on the portable mechanical equipment for detecting the liquid pollutants comprises the following steps:
s1, in the AC power supply UiUnder the excitation of (2), the adjustable resistance R is adjustedxAdjustable resistance R1And an adjustable resistance R2So that the capacitance bridge loop is balanced and the output voltage signal U is zero;
s2, placing the sample to be detected in a detection groove, and enabling the sample to be detected to pass through a detection capacitor C1Between the two polar plates; placing the standard sample in the reference groove to make the standard sample pass through the reference capacitor C2Between the two polar plates;
and S3, because the dielectric constants of the sample to be detected and the standard sample are different, the output voltage signal U changes, and the size of the change of the output voltage signal U is the information of the content of the solute to be detected.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the portable mechanical equipment for detecting the liquid pollutants provided by the invention takes the portable mechanical equipment as a carrier to realize the determination of partial components of petrochemical products; sampling and detecting can be carried out at any time and any place, the detection flow is simple, and the time consumption is short;
2. the invention designs a capacitance type liquid detection method based on the capacitance bridge principle, which takes a standard sample as a reference quantity and a sample to be detected as a detection quantity, compares the standard sample and the sample to be detected to achieve higher detection precision and reduce the influence of environmental factors such as temperature, humidity and the like on a detection result.
For the reasons, the invention can be widely popularized in the fields of liquid detection and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a portable mechanical device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a capacitor bridge circuit according to the present invention.
In fig. 1: 1. a detection tank; 2. a detection tank; 3. a detection layer; 4. a right accommodating groove; 5. a receiving layer; 6. a sliding cover; 7. a left accommodating groove; 8. sliding the teeth; 9. a chute.
In fig. 2: a. a first wiring port; b. a second wiring port; c. a third wiring port; d. and a fourth wiring port.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. Any specific values in all examples shown and discussed herein are to be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the directional terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and in the absence of any contrary indication, these directional terms are not intended to indicate and imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention: the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a portable mechanical device for liquid contaminant detection, comprising: a detection layer 3 and a storage layer 5;
the detection layer 3 comprises a detection groove 2 and a reference groove 1; a detection capacitor C is arranged below the detection groove 21A reference capacitor C is arranged below the reference groove 12；
The receiving layer 5 includes a resistor R0Adjustable resistance RxAdjustable resistance R1Adjustable resistance R2；
As shown in fig. 2, the resistor R0The adjustable resistor Rx is connected in series to form a first wiring port a, a second wiring port b and a third wiring port c; detecting capacitance C1And an adjustable resistance R1One end of the first wiring port a is connected with the first wiring port b; can be used forResistance adjusting R2And a reference capacitance C2One end of the first wiring port is connected with the first wiring port c, and the other end of the first wiring port is connected with the second wiring port d; AC power supply UiThe first wiring port a, the second wiring port b, the third wiring port c and the fourth wiring port d form a capacitance bridge loop under the excitation of the first wiring port a and the third wiring port c, and the second wiring port b and the fourth wiring port d output a voltage signal U.
In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, with reference to fig. 1, the top of the storage layer is further provided with a right storage groove and a left storage groove, and a detection capacitor C1And a reference capacitance C2The two enameled wires respectively penetrate through the right accommodating groove and the left accommodating groove and the resistor R in the accommodating layer0Adjustable resistance RxAdjustable resistance R1Adjustable resistance R2The connection is made according to a capacitive bridge loop as shown in fig. 2.
In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, with reference to fig. 1, a sliding groove 9 is disposed at the front end of the portable mechanical device, a sliding cover 6 is disposed in the sliding groove 9, and the sliding cover 6 slides up and down or left and right in the sliding groove 9, so as to facilitate installation and adjustment of components.
In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, with reference to fig. 1, the sliding cover 6 is provided with a sliding tooth 8, and the sliding tooth 8 is engaged with the sliding groove 9.
In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adjustable resistor R is adjustedxAdjustable resistance R1Adjustable resistance R2So that the capacitance bridge loop is balanced and the initial value of the output voltage signal U is zero.
The working principle of the device of the invention is as follows:
the sample to be detected passes through the detection capacitor C1Between the two plates, the standard sample passes through a reference capacitor C2Between the two plates. The dielectric constant of the sample is different because the content of the detected solute in the sample to be detected is different from that in the standard sample. Thus, the capacitance C is detected1And a reference capacitance C2The capacitance value changes in different degrees, and the output voltage signal U is sentChanges are made. For example, the standard sample is an unused oil, and the sample to be tested is a used oil. If the water content of the used oil is higher than that of the unused oil (the dielectric constant of the oil is 2.6, and the dielectric constant of water is 80), the output voltage signal U changes.
Example (b):
the water content in the oil is detected as an example. Firstly, an AC power supply UiUnder the excitation of (2), the adjustable resistance R is adjustedxAdjustable resistance R1And an adjustable resistance R2The capacitor bridge loop is balanced and the output voltage signal U is zero. The standard sample is unused oil and is placed in a reference capacitor C2Between the two polar plates; the sample to be detected is used oil liquid and is placed in a detection capacitor C1The water content of the used oil liquid is detected compared with the water content of the unused oil liquid between the two polar plates. The dielectric constant of the oil was 2.6 and that of water was 80. If the water content of the used oil is higher than that of the unused oil, the capacitor C is detected1The capacitance value is higher than that of the reference capacitor C2High capacitance value, detection capacitance C1Voltage value is compared with reference capacitance C2The voltage value is low. The capacitance bridge loop loses balance, and the output voltage signal U changes. The larger the change of the output voltage signal U is, the higher the water content in the used oil is, and the oil is polluted by water.
The invention also provides a detection method of the portable mechanical equipment for detecting the liquid pollutants, which comprises the following steps:
s1, in the AC power supply UiUnder the excitation of (2), the adjustable resistance R is adjustedxAdjustable resistance R1And an adjustable resistance R2So that the capacitance bridge loop is balanced and the output voltage signal U is zero;
s2, placing the sample to be detected in a detection groove, and enabling the sample to be detected to pass through a detection capacitor C1Between the two polar plates; placing the standard sample in the reference groove to make the standard sample pass through the reference capacitor C2Between the two polar plates;
and S3, because the dielectric constants of the sample to be detected and the standard sample are different, the output voltage signal U changes, and the size of the change of the output voltage signal U is the information of the content of the solute to be detected.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
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| CN202110529826.7A CN113325046A (en) | 2021-05-14 | 2021-05-14 | Portable mechanical equipment for detecting liquid pollutants and detection method |
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| CN202110529826.7A CN113325046A (en) | 2021-05-14 | 2021-05-14 | Portable mechanical equipment for detecting liquid pollutants and detection method |
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Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB748235A (en) * | 1953-10-23 | 1956-04-25 | British Thomson Houston Co Ltd | Improvements in and relating to means for ascertaining the presence of moisture |
| JP2001021517A (en) * | 1999-07-12 | 2001-01-26 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Capacitance type moisture quantity sensor |
| JP2001083115A (en) * | 1999-09-09 | 2001-03-30 | Kett Electric Laboratory | Moisture measuring instrument for ready-mixed concrete, mortar, sand, or the like |
| WO2007034519A1 (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2007-03-29 | Giottoindustrial Networking S.A. | Method and apparatus for measuring capacity variations of a condenser |
| CN201628696U (en) * | 2010-04-16 | 2010-11-10 | 长春卓尔信息安全产业股份有限公司 | Bridge-type dielectric capacitor detector for water-injected meat |
| CN103926275A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-07-16 | 江西铜业股份有限公司 | Method for measuring scale formation speed in water by electric characteristics of double electric layers |
| CN104062327A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2014-09-24 | 熊刚 | Capacitive sensor complementary stimulation and linear detection scheme for oil detection |
-
2021
- 2021-05-14 CN CN202110529826.7A patent/CN113325046A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB748235A (en) * | 1953-10-23 | 1956-04-25 | British Thomson Houston Co Ltd | Improvements in and relating to means for ascertaining the presence of moisture |
| JP2001021517A (en) * | 1999-07-12 | 2001-01-26 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Capacitance type moisture quantity sensor |
| JP2001083115A (en) * | 1999-09-09 | 2001-03-30 | Kett Electric Laboratory | Moisture measuring instrument for ready-mixed concrete, mortar, sand, or the like |
| WO2007034519A1 (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2007-03-29 | Giottoindustrial Networking S.A. | Method and apparatus for measuring capacity variations of a condenser |
| CN201628696U (en) * | 2010-04-16 | 2010-11-10 | 长春卓尔信息安全产业股份有限公司 | Bridge-type dielectric capacitor detector for water-injected meat |
| CN103926275A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-07-16 | 江西铜业股份有限公司 | Method for measuring scale formation speed in water by electric characteristics of double electric layers |
| CN104062327A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2014-09-24 | 熊刚 | Capacitive sensor complementary stimulation and linear detection scheme for oil detection |
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