CN113324398A - Vertical biomass combustion furnace and fruit and vegetable dryer using same as heat source - Google Patents

Vertical biomass combustion furnace and fruit and vegetable dryer using same as heat source Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN113324398A
CN113324398A CN202110737419.5A CN202110737419A CN113324398A CN 113324398 A CN113324398 A CN 113324398A CN 202110737419 A CN202110737419 A CN 202110737419A CN 113324398 A CN113324398 A CN 113324398A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
combustion
combustion furnace
chamber
furnace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202110737419.5A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘金
刘正涛
张伟明
王义斌
陈温福
康丽晶
付云会
赵小洲
于志
李春宇
刘雪松
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to CN202110737419.5A priority Critical patent/CN113324398A/en
Publication of CN113324398A publication Critical patent/CN113324398A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/14—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects using gases or vapours other than air or steam, e.g. inert gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B10/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers
    • F23B10/02—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers including separate secondary combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B40/00—Combustion apparatus with driven means for feeding fuel into the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
    • F23J1/02—Apparatus for removing ash, clinker, or slag from ash-pits, e.g. by employing trucks or conveyors, by employing suction devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/06—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators
    • F24H3/067—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators using solid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
    • F24H9/1877—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
    • F24H9/189—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using solid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2203/00—Feeding arrangements
    • F23K2203/10—Supply line fittings
    • F23K2203/103—Storage devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2203/00—Feeding arrangements
    • F23K2203/20—Feeding/conveying devices
    • F23K2203/202—Feeding/conveying devices using screws

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly vertical biomass combustion furnace and a fruit and vegetable dryer based on the combustion furnace as a heat source. The vertical biomass particle combustion furnace comprises a storage box, a motor, a feeding device, a combustion chamber, a No. 1 combustion furnace, a No. 2 combustion furnace, a radiator, a power transmission system, a connecting device, an automatic ignition device, an automatic control system and an oxygen supply device. Wherein the combustor is designed into a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber, and is designed in a step manner, and a coke residue crushing and separating device and an ash and slag discharging device are arranged in the combustion chambers; slag collectors, and other auxiliary devices. The invention has the following effects: the biomass combustible material combustion device has the advantages that the combustion materials are fully combusted, the combustion utilization rate of biomass combustible materials is greatly improved, fuel is saved, waste is reduced, residues generated in the combustion process are timely removed, the stability and the continuity of fuel combustion are guaranteed, and the normal working state of the dryer is guaranteed.

Description

Vertical biomass combustion furnace and fruit and vegetable dryer using same as heat source
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fruit and vegetable drying, in particular to a vertical biomass combustion furnace and a fruit and vegetable dryer using the same as a heat source.
Background
China is a large agricultural product consumption country and produces a large amount of agricultural products every year. Drying processing is needed and is used as one of the most key links for commodity and deep processing; the drying efficiency and quality often determine the economic value, the edible safety and the quality of the product to a great extent.
At present, in the aspect of processing and drying agricultural products, energy used by the existing drying machine is mostly coal and fossil fuel, the energy is non-renewable resources, agricultural and forestry waste biomass is used as a drying raw material, fossil energy can not be used, agricultural and forestry waste such as straws can be recycled and efficiently utilized, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly prospect is considerable.
The prior art has the following defects: the fruit and vegetable dryer using biomass particles as raw materials in the market at present is mostly horizontal and primarily burns, and due to the burning and utilization mode, the biomass particles are insufficiently burnt, the burning utilization rate is low, coking, slagging and other conditions are easily generated in the burning process, a large amount of nitrogen oxides and other pollutants are generated, and the emission is seriously overproof.
Therefore, the vertical high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly biomass particle fruit and vegetable dryer and the process effectively solve the technical problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a vertical high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly biomass particle fruit and vegetable dryer and a process, wherein two combustion furnaces with two combustion chambers and a heat dissipation and coking slag discharging device are innovatively designed, so that the problems that biomass particles are insufficient in combustion, waste materials are produced, the fuel utilization rate is low, coking, slagging and nitrogen oxides are easily produced in the combustion process, the emission is seriously overproof and the like are solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a vertical biomass combustion furnace comprises a combustor, a No. 1 combustion furnace, a No. 2 combustion furnace and a radiator which are arranged from bottom to top. Wherein, the combustor bottom is equipped with the combustor base. The combustor is provided with a vertical multi-cylinder structure, and the vertical multi-cylinder structure is a multi-cylinder structure with a plurality of cylinder axes vertically arranged and connected cylinder bodies; and a combustion chamber is arranged in each cavity of the tubular structure in the combustor. An opening above the combustion chamber is connected with the No. 1 combustion furnace; and a connecting channel is arranged between the adjacent combustion chambers. The side wall of the No. 1 combustion furnace is provided with a feed inlet, fuel in the storage box is conveyed into the No. 1 combustion furnace through the feed inlet by a feeding device, and the fuel enters the No. 1 combustion furnace and falls into the primary combustion chamber. The combustion chambers are provided with base plates, the base plates are provided with shifting pieces, and fuels which are not fully combusted in each combustion chamber are crushed through rotation of the shifting pieces and are conveyed to the adjacent next-stage combustion chambers through the channels for further combustion. The next stage combustion chamber is defined based on the direction of delivery of the insufficiently combusted fuel. The fuel enters the No. 1 combustion furnace and falls into the primary combustion chamber, and the fuel is not fully combusted in the primary combustion chamber, is conveyed to the secondary combustion chamber through the shifting sheet and is further combusted. The fuel which is not fully combusted in the secondary combustion chamber is conveyed to the tertiary combustion chamber through the shifting sheet. In turn, four combustion chambers, five combustion chambers, etc. may also be provided. Particularly preferably, the number of the combustion chambers arranged in the combustor is 2-4. The last combustion chamber corresponds to the last combustion chamber. Accordingly, if the burner includes 3 combustion chambers, it is respectively labeled as primary combustion chamber, secondary combustion chamber, tertiary combustion chamber. Wherein the tertiary combustion chamber is the last combustion chamber, or last combustion chamber, in this case.
In one embodiment of the invention, the vertical multi-cylinder structure is a double-cylinder structure with two cylinder axes arranged vertically and connected cylinders, the burner is provided with a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber, the side wall of the primary combustion chamber is provided with an automatic ignition device, a chassis 1 of the primary combustion chamber is positioned below the automatic ignition device, the upper edge of the chassis 1 is provided with a channel communicated with the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber, a chassis 2 of the secondary combustion chamber is positioned below the opening of the channel connecting the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber, the upper edge of the chassis 1 is higher than the upper edge of the chassis 2, the chassis 1 and the chassis 2 are in a stepped design structure, and fuels which are not fully combusted in the primary combustion chamber are crushed by a plectrum and are conveyed to the secondary combustion chamber for further combustion.
Further, the double-tube structure burner has the following structure: the distance D between the axes of two adjacent cylinders is less than the sum of the respective radii R1 and R2 of the two adjacent cylinders. Wherein R1 is the radius of the cylinder body where the primary combustion chamber is located, R2 is the radius of the cylinder body where the secondary combustion chamber is located, and D is the cylinder axial distance between the cylinder bodies where the two adjacent combustion chambers are located. The upper part of the cylinder body where the primary combustion chamber is located is of a complete cylinder structure, and the cylinder wall of the lower part of the cylinder body of the primary combustion chamber is provided with a notch; the upper cylinder wall of the cylinder body of the secondary combustion chamber is provided with a gap, and the lower part of the cylinder body of the secondary combustion chamber is of a cylinder structure; the upper cylinder wall of the primary combustion chamber is embedded into the notch of the upper cylinder wall of the secondary combustion chamber, the lower cylinder wall of the secondary combustion chamber is embedded into the notch of the lower cylinder wall of the primary combustion chamber, and the primary combustion chamber is communicated with the secondary combustion chamber through a gap formed by the mutual embedding of the two cylinders. In this embodiment, preferably, the upper edge of the primary combustion chamber wall gap is flush with the lower edge of the secondary combustion chamber wall gap.
For the purposes of this application, the ratio of the sum of R1 and R2 to D is such that sufficient combustion chamber communication clearance is available to complete the feed. In a preferable range, the sum of R1 and R2 is 1.9 to 1.1 times of D.
In the invention, for the burner with a multi-cylinder structure, the vertical multi-cylinder structure can also be formed by arranging a structure with staggered upper and lower openings on the corresponding cylinder wall, wherein the structure has the same mutual embedding principle with the double cylinders.
In the invention, a rotating vertical shaft is arranged in the cylinder body of each combustion chamber, the axis of the rotating vertical shaft is collinear with the cylinder shaft of the cylinder body, and the rotating vertical shaft is connected with a power motor through a power transmission device. The upper end of the vertical shaft is positioned below the combustion chamber chassis, and the vertical shaft is connected with the hollow shaft through a sheath. The hollow shaft is a shaft with a hollow cavity structure, and air holes penetrating through the surface of the shaft are distributed on the surface of the hollow shaft. The hollow shaft penetrates through the chassis, and the hollow shaft exposed out of the upper part of the chassis is connected with the shifting sheet. The shifting piece is preferably a hollow shifting piece with a hollow structure, air holes penetrating through the surface of the shifting piece are distributed on the surface of the hollow shifting piece, and the hollow cavity of the hollow shifting piece is communicated with the hollow cavity of the hollow shaft. And the barrel where each combustion chamber is arranged is provided with a combustion chamber oxygen supply port which is positioned below the combustion chamber chassis.
In one embodiment of the invention, the combustion chamber oxygen supply port is opened on the side wall of the barrel, and oxygen is introduced from the combustion chamber oxygen supply port. In another embodiment, the oxygen supply port of the combustion chamber is provided with an oxygen supply tube extending into the cylinder, and oxygen is introduced into the cylinder through the oxygen supply tube.
In the present invention, the air holes on the surfaces of the hollow shaft and the pulling sheet are not limited to specific shapes, and are preferably circular, and have a pore diameter of 2-5 mm. The average value of the hole center distances between adjacent air holes is 2.4 to 20mm, preferably 8 to 10 mm. The air holes are uniformly distributed on the base plate. The average value of the hole center distance of the adjacent pores is 1.2 to 4 times of the pore diameter, and preferably 1.5 to 2 times of the pore diameter.
After oxygen is introduced into the interior of the barrel below the bottom plate of the combustion chamber, the oxygen enters the cavity of the hollow shaft from the air hole in the hollow shaft below the bottom plate, is conveyed to the upper part of the bottom plate through the cavity of the hollow shaft, and is discharged from the air hole in the hollow shaft above the bottom plate and the air hole in the hollow shifting piece. In addition, oxygen also enters the combustion chamber at the upper part of the chassis through an ash hole arranged on the chassis to provide oxygen for combustion.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the paddles connected to the hollow shaft have different lengths. Preferably, the length of the outer edge of the round area swept by the long poking sheet from the axis of the hollow shaft is 0.95-0.9 time of the radius of the cylinder. The length of the outer edge of a circular area swept by the short shifting sheet from the axis of the hollow shaft is 1.1-0.9 times of D-Rt, preferably 0.95-1 times of D-Rt, wherein: d is the cylinder axial distance between the cylinders of the two adjacent combustion chambers, and Rt is the cylinder radius of the cylinder of the next-stage combustion chamber adjacent to the cylinder of the short shifting sheet.
In the embodiment of the invention, a first slag discharge port is arranged on the wall of the final-stage combustion chamber. In the combustor with the double-cylinder structure, a first slag discharge port is arranged on the cylinder wall of the secondary combustion chamber. The lower edge of the first slag discharge port is flush with the upper edge of the bottom plate of the combustion chamber or the lower edge of the first slag discharge port is lower than the upper edge of the bottom plate. In a preferred embodiment, the first slag discharge opening is rectangular or square. The size of the first slag discharge port is based on meeting the requirement of slag discharge of a combustion furnace and no slag accumulation. In a preferred embodiment, the first slag discharge port is square in shape and has a side length of 0.8-1.2 times Rn. Wherein R isnThe radius of the cylinder body where the final-stage combustion chamber is located.
In the embodiment of the invention, the ash residue and incombustible matter with smaller particle size in each combustion chamber are discharged out of the combustion chamber through the bottom plate ash hole, fall into the cavity at the lower part of the combustion chamber and are discharged through the second slag discharge port arranged at the bottom of the cylinder body where the combustion chamber is positioned. The ash and the incombustible discharged from the second slag discharge port arranged at the bottom of the barrel and the ash and the incombustible discharged from the first slag discharge port arranged on the side wall of the last-stage combustion chamber are all conveyed into the slag collector through pipelines.
In one embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the hollow shaft below the chassis is larger than the diameter of the shaft above the chassis.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the base plate in the combustion chamber is provided with an ash hole, and the ash hole is not limited to a specific shape, and is preferably circular. The diameter of the ash hole is 2-10mm, and the diameter of the ash hole is 2-8 mm. The ash holes are uniformly distributed on the chassis. Preferably, the average value of the hole center distances between adjacent dust holes is 4 to 20mm, particularly preferably 5 to 10 mm. Correspondingly, the bottom of the cylinder body where the combustion chamber is arranged is provided with a second slag discharge port.
In a more preferred embodiment of the invention, the aperture of the ash holes decreases as the number of stages of the combustion chamber increases. In one embodiment of the invention, for the combustor with a double-cylinder structure, the diameter of the ash hole on the chassis of the primary combustion chamber is 6-8mm, and the diameter of the ash hole on the chassis of the secondary combustion chamber is 3-5 mm. The ash holes are uniformly distributed on the base plate, and the average value of the hole center distance of the adjacent ash holes is 1.2-3 times of the hole diameter, preferably 1.5-2 times of the hole diameter.
The upper opening of the burner is communicated with the No. 1 combustion furnace, and the upper opening of the primary combustion chamber is positioned below the same side of the feeding hole of the No. 1 combustion furnace. Preferably, the primary combustion chamber barrel axis is in a plane with the feedwell axis. The fuel in the storage box is conveyed into the No. 1 combustion furnace through the feeding device and falls into the primary combustion chamber.
A second oxygen supply port is arranged between the No. 1 combustion furnace and the No. 2 combustion furnace. The gas outlet of the No. 2 combustion furnace is connected with the gas inlet at the bottom of the radiator through the inlet of the flue gas channel of the radiator and is discharged from the outlet of the flue gas channel of the radiator at the top of the radiator.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, baffles are arranged on two sides of the radiator for prolonging the length of the heat exchange air channel in the radiator. Preferably, the heat sink is a finned heat sink.
In the embodiment of the invention, a safety explosion-proof door is arranged on the side wall of the No. 2 combustion furnace and is controlled by magnetic force. When the safety explosion-proof door is normally used, the safety explosion-proof door is closed, and when the pressure in the combustion furnace exceeds the pressure threshold value of the explosion-proof door, the safety explosion-proof door is opened, and the pressure in the combustion furnace is released by the safety explosion-proof door. The pressure threshold value of the safety explosion-proof door is 0.2-0.7 MPa, and preferably 0.5 MPa.
In the present invention, the vertical biomass combustion furnace further includes: storage case, motor, material feeding unit, power transmission system. The bottom end of the storage box is connected with a support, the storage box is connected with a feeding device, and the storage box is connected with a No. 1 combustion furnace through the feeding device. The storage box is connected with a feed inlet on the No. 1 combustion furnace through a feeding device. The feeding device is preferably a screw feeder. Wherein the screw feeder, the primary combustion chamber and the vertical shaft in the cylinder body of the secondary combustion chamber are connected with a power motor through a power transmission system. Particularly, the output end of the motor is connected with a gear at one end of a transmission shaft through a chain wheel and a chain, and the transmission shaft changes the rotation direction through a bevel gear and transmits the rotation direction to the rotating vertical shaft.
In the invention, power is transmitted to the shifting sheet arranged in the combustion chamber, and the effect of separating broken coke and slag is realized through the rotation of the shifting sheet.
The invention further provides a process method for obtaining a heat source by using the vertical biomass combustion furnace, which comprises the following steps:
s1: storing fuel in a storage box;
s2: when the drying operation is carried out, the motor is started, the motor drives the feeding device to operate, the fuel in the storage box is conveyed into the No. 1 combustion furnace through the feeding device, and the fuel enters the No. 1 combustion furnace and falls into the primary combustion chamber;
s3: the motor drives the chain to transmit through the gear, and further drives the transmission shaft and the bevel gear to rotate, and the transmission direction of force is changed through the meshing of the bevel gear to drive the power transmission device arranged on the burner base;
s4: the combustor is of an unsettled multi-cylinder structure, a combustion chamber is arranged in the combustor, fuel which is not fully combusted in a primary combustion chamber is separated and conveyed to a secondary combustion chamber through rotation of a poking sheet, and then the fuel is continuously combusted, and incombustible and coke slag after the combustion are conveyed to a first slag discharge port through the poking sheet in the combustion chamber and then enter a slag collector;
s5: a large amount of combustible gas and tiny particle charcoal that the combustion chamber produced in the combustion process, No. 1 that has designed tiny particle and partial combustible gas in the combustion chamber top fires burning furnace, makes tiny particle charcoal and partial combustible gas burn here, has designed and has installed No. 2 and has fired burning furnace at No. 1 top of firing burning furnace, with combustible gas and the combustible substance fully burning that the biomass combustion process produced.
The invention further provides a fruit and vegetable dryer which comprises the fruit and vegetable dryer with the vertical biomass combustion furnace with the structure as a heat source.
The dryer comprises a heat source chamber and a drying chamber, wherein a vertical biomass combustion furnace is arranged in the heat source chamber, heat generated by the combustion furnace is conducted to a heat medium 1 by a radiator, the heat source chamber is communicated with the drying chamber, and the heat medium 1 is conveyed from the heat source chamber to the drying chamber to heat and dry substances to be dried. The heat medium 1 is conveyed from the heat source chamber to the drying chamber to heat and dry the materials to be dried. Preferably, the heat source chamber is disposed adjacent to the drying chamber. The heating medium 1 is brought into contact with a radiator of a boiler, sufficiently heated, and then conveyed to a drying chamber.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the thermal medium 1 is air. In order to prevent the material to be dried, in particular fruit and vegetable products, from oxidizing at high temperatures when the material to be dried is present in the chamber, in a more preferred embodiment of the invention, the heat medium 1 is nitrogen.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, an inlet port for the heat medium 1 is arranged in the heat source chamber, and after the heat medium 1 exchanges heat with the boiler radiator in the heat source chamber, the heat medium 1 is conveyed to the drying chamber. The heat medium 1 is discharged out of the drying chamber after being sufficiently contacted with the materials to be dried in the drying chamber.
In a preferable scheme, a fan is arranged at the top of the heat source chamber.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, an intelligent controller and a moisture removing device are arranged in the drying chamber. The intelligent controller comprises a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor. The moisture removal means is preferably a valved vent. The moisture of the material in the drying chamber is discharged out of the drying chamber through the exhaust port along with the heat medium 1.
The invention discloses a high-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly vertical biomass combustion furnace and a fruit and vegetable dryer based on the combustion furnace as a heat source. The combustor is designed into a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber, and is designed in a step mode, and a coke residue crushing and separating device and an ash and slag discharging device are arranged in the combustion chambers; slag collectors, and other auxiliary devices. The invention has the following effects: the biomass combustible material combustion device has the advantages that the combustion materials are fully combusted, the combustion utilization rate of biomass combustible materials is greatly improved, fuel is saved, waste is reduced, residues generated in the combustion process are timely removed, the stability and the continuity of fuel combustion are guaranteed, and the normal working state of the dryer is guaranteed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. innovatively designs a multi-stage stepped combustion separation slag discharging function
2. The combustor is provided with primary combustion and secondary combustion, so that the fuel is fully combusted.
3. The stepped slag crushing, separating and deslagging device can timely clear a large amount of residues generated in the combustion process of biomass fuel with overhigh content, and avoid combustion and slagging.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fruit and vegetable dryer.
Fig. 2 is a partial detailed view of a vertical biomass burner.
Wherein: 1 is a radiator flue gas channel outlet, 2 is a radiator, 3 is a radiator flue gas channel inlet, 4 is a combustion furnace 2, 5 is a safety explosion-proof door, 6 is a second oxygen supply port, 7 is a combustion furnace 1, 8 is a first slag discharge port, 9 is a secondary combustion chamber, 10 is a combustor, 11 is a combustion chamber oxygen supply port, 12 is a combustor base, 13 is a second slag discharge port, 14 is a slag collector, 15 is a bevel gear, 16 is a rotating vertical shaft, 17 is a sheath, 18 is a chassis 1, 19 is an automatic ignition device, 20 is a primary combustion chamber, 21 is a transmission shaft, 22 is a storage box bracket, 23 is a feeding device, 24 is a storage box, 25 is a motor sprocket, 26 is a motor, 27 is a chain, 28 is a sprocket transmission shaft, 29 is a radiator support frame, 30 is a baffle 1, 31 is a baffle 2, 32 is a hollow shaft, 33 is a shifting piece, 34 is a chassis 2, 35 is a fan, 36 is an intelligent controller, 37 is a moisture exhaust device 1, 38 is a moisture exhaust device 2, 39 is a heat source chamber, and 40 is a drying chamber.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a fruit and vegetable dryer, which comprises a fruit and vegetable dryer with a vertical biomass combustion furnace as a heat source.
The dryer comprises a heat source chamber 39 and a drying chamber 40, wherein a vertical biomass combustion furnace is arranged in the heat source chamber 39, the heat generated by the combustion furnace is conducted to the air by a radiator 2 of the vertical biomass combustion furnace, the heat source chamber 39 is communicated with the drying chamber 40, and the heated air is conveyed to the drying chamber from the heat source chamber to heat and dry substances to be dried. The drying chamber is provided with an intelligent controller, the temperature and the moderate degree of the drying chamber can be detected through the intelligent controller, and the moisture discharge device is controlled to discharge moisture to the drying chamber.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a vertical biomass burner is included in heat source chamber 39. The vertical biomass combustion furnace comprises a combustor 10, a No. 1 combustion furnace 7, a No. 2 combustion furnace 4 and a radiator 2 which are arranged from bottom to top. Wherein, the bottom end of the burner 10 is provided with a burner base 12. The combustor 10 is a double-cylinder structure with 2 cylinder shafts vertically arranged and connected with each other; the burner in the burner is provided with a primary combustion chamber 20 and a secondary combustion chamber 9, the side wall of the primary combustion chamber 20 is provided with an automatic ignition device 19, and a chassis 18 of the primary combustion chamber is positioned below the automatic ignition device. The upper part of the cylinder body where the primary combustion chamber 20 is located is of a complete cylinder structure, and the cylinder wall of the lower part of the cylinder body of the primary combustion chamber 20 is provided with a notch; the upper cylinder wall of the cylinder where the secondary combustion chamber 9 is located is provided with a gap, and the lower part of the cylinder of the secondary combustion chamber 9 is of a cylinder structure; the upper edge of the gap of the cylinder wall of the primary combustion chamber is flush with the lower edge of the gap of the cylinder wall of the secondary combustion chamber, the upper cylinder wall of the primary combustion chamber 20 is embedded into the gap of the upper cylinder wall of the secondary combustion chamber 9, the lower cylinder wall of the secondary combustion chamber 9 is embedded into the gap of the lower cylinder wall of the primary combustion chamber 20, and the primary combustion chamber is communicated with the secondary combustion chamber through a gap formed by the mutual embedding of the two cylinders.
The cylinder body of each combustion chamber is internally provided with a rotating vertical shaft 16, the axis of the rotating vertical shaft 16 is collinear with the cylinder shaft of the cylinder body, and the rotating vertical shaft is connected with a power motor through a power transmission device. The upper end of the vertical shaft 16 is located below the combustion chamber floor and the vertical shaft is connected to the hollow shaft 32 by the sheath 17. The surface of the hollow shaft is provided with air holes penetrating through the surface of the shaft. The hollow shaft 32 penetrates through the chassis, and the hollow shaft 32 exposed out of the upper part of the chassis is connected with the shifting sheet 33. The shifting piece 33 is a hollow shifting piece with a hollow structure, air holes penetrating through the surface of the shifting piece are distributed on the surface of the hollow shifting piece, and the hollow cavity of the hollow shifting piece is communicated with the hollow cavity of the hollow shaft 32. The combustion chamber oxygen supply ports 11 are arranged on the cylinder body where each combustion chamber is located, and the combustion chamber oxygen supply ports 11 are located on the side wall of the cylinder body below the chassis of the combustion chamber.
In this embodiment, the air holes on the surfaces of the hollow shaft and the shifting piece are circular and have a pore diameter of 4 mm. The air holes are uniformly distributed on the surfaces of the hollow shaft and the shifting piece, and the distance between the centers of the adjacent air holes is 8 mm.
After oxygen is introduced into the interior of the barrel below the bottom plate of the combustion chamber, the oxygen enters the hollow cavity of the hollow shaft from the air holes on the hollow shaft 32 below the bottom plate, is conveyed to the upper part of the bottom plate through the hollow cavity of the hollow shaft 32, and is discharged from the air holes on the hollow shaft above the bottom plate and the air holes of the hollow shifting piece.
In this embodiment, the paddles connected to the hollow shaft are of different lengths. Preferably, the length of the outer edge of the circular area swept by the long poking sheet from the axis of the hollow shaft is 0.95 times of the radius of the cylinder. The length of the outer edge of the round area swept by the short shifting piece from the axis of the hollow shaft is 0.95 times of the D-Rt, wherein: d is the cylinder axial distance between the cylinders of the two adjacent combustion chambers, and Rt is the cylinder radius of the cylinder adjacent to the cylinder of the short shifting sheet.
In the embodiment, the wall of the secondary combustion chamber is provided with a first slag discharge port. The lower edge of the first slag discharge port is lower than the upper edge of the bottom plate. The shape of the first slag discharge port expanded on the side wall of the cylinder is square, and the side length of the first slag discharge port is 1 time of the radius of the cylinder where the secondary combustion chamber is located.
In the present embodiment, the ash and incombustibles having small particle diameters in the respective combustion chambers are discharged from the combustion chambers through the bottom plate ash holes, fall into the cavity at the lower part of the combustion chambers, and are discharged from the second ash discharge port 13 provided at the bottom of the cylindrical body in which the combustion chambers are located. The ash and incombustibles discharged from the second slag discharge port 13 disposed at the bottom of the cylinder and the ash and incombustibles discharged from the first slag discharge port disposed on the sidewall of the secondary combustion chamber are all transported into the slag collector 14 through pipelines.
In the present embodiment, the chassis in the combustion chamber is provided with an ash hole, and the ash hole is circular. The average pore diameter of the ash holes of the first combustion chamber is 6mm, and the average pore diameter of the ash holes of the second combustion chamber is 4 mm. The ash holes are uniformly distributed on the chassis, the hole center distance between the adjacent ash holes of the first combustion chamber is 10mm on average, and the hole center distance between the adjacent ash holes of the second combustion chamber is 6mm on average. And a second slag discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the cylinder body where the combustion chamber is arranged.
The upper opening of the burner is communicated with the No. 1 combustion furnace, and the upper opening of the primary combustion chamber is positioned right below the same side of the feeding hole of the No. 1 combustion furnace. The axis of the cylinder body of the primary combustion chamber and the axis of the feed inlet are on the same plane. The fuel in the storage box is conveyed into the No. 1 combustion furnace through the feeding device and falls into the primary combustion chamber.
A second oxygen supply port is arranged between the No. 1 combustion furnace and the No. 2 combustion furnace. The gas outlet of the No. 2 combustion furnace 4 is connected with the gas inlet at the bottom of the radiator 2 through the inlet 3 of the flue gas channel of the radiator and is discharged from the outlet 1 of the flue gas channel of the radiator at the top of the radiator.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat sink 2 is provided with a baffle for extending the length of the heat exchange air channel in the heat sink, and the heat sink 2 is a fin heat sink.
In the embodiment of the invention, a safety explosion-proof door is arranged on the side wall of the No. 2 combustion furnace and is controlled by magnetic force. The pressure threshold value of the safety explosion-proof door is 0.5 Mpa.
The neutral biomass combustion furnace of the present embodiment further includes: storage box 24, motor 26, material feeding unit 23, power transmission system. The bottom end of the storage box is connected with a storage box bracket 22, and the storage box 24 is connected with a feeding device 23 and is connected with the No. 1 combustion furnace 7 through the feeding device 23. The storage box is connected with the feed inlet of the No. 1 combustion furnace 7 through a feeding device 23. The feeding device in this embodiment is a screw feeder. Wherein the rotary vertical shaft 16 in the cylinder body of the screw feeder, the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber is connected with a power motor 26 through a power transmission system.
The embodiment further provides a process method for obtaining a heat source by using the vertical biomass combustion furnace, which comprises the following steps:
s1: storing fuel by placing the fuel in a storage tank 24;
s2: when the drying operation is carried out, the motor 26 is started, the motor drives the feeding device 23 to operate, the fuel in the storage box 24 is conveyed into the No. 1 combustion furnace through the feeding device 23, and the fuel enters the No. 1 combustion furnace and falls into the primary combustion chamber;
s3: the motor 26 drives the chain 27 to drive through the motor chain wheel 25, and further drives the transmission shaft 21 and the bevel gear 15 to rotate, and the transmission direction of the force is changed through the meshing of the bevel gears to drive the rotating vertical shaft 16 arranged in the combustor;
s4: the burner is of a vertical multi-cylinder structure, a combustion chamber is arranged in the burner, the fuel which is not fully combusted in the primary combustion chamber is crushed and separated by a poking sheet and is conveyed to the secondary combustion chamber for continuous combustion, the fuel is conveyed in sequence, and the poking sheet in the final combustion chamber conveys the non-combustible substances and the coke slag after combustion to a first slag discharge port 8 and conveys the non-combustible substances and the coke slag to a slag collector 14;
s5: a large amount of combustible gas and tiny particle carbon generated in the combustion process of the combustion chamber are connected with a No. 1 combustion furnace 7 at the top of the combustion chamber, the tiny particle carbon and part of the combustible gas are combusted in the No. 1 combustion furnace 7, a No. 2 combustion furnace 4 is installed at the top of the No. 1 combustion furnace 7, and the combustible gas and combustible substances generated in the biomass combustion process are further and fully combusted after being filled with oxygen in the No. 2 combustion furnace.
The average values described herein are number average values and the pore diameters described herein are all pore diameters.
The inventive concept is explained in detail herein using specific examples, which are given only to aid in understanding the core concepts of the invention. It should be understood that any obvious modifications, equivalents and other improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A vertical biomass combustion furnace is characterized by comprising a combustor (10), a No. 1 combustion furnace (7), a No. 2 combustion furnace (4) and a radiator (2) which are arranged from bottom to top;
wherein the burner (10) comprises: the bottom end of the combustor (10) is provided with a combustor base (12), the combustor (10) is provided with a vertical multi-cylinder structure, and the vertical multi-cylinder structure is a multi-cylinder structure with a plurality of cylinder axes vertically arranged and connected cylinder bodies; the cavity of each tubular structure in the combustor (10) is provided with a combustion chamber, an opening above the combustion chamber is connected with a No. 1 combustion furnace (7), a channel is arranged between adjacent combustion chambers, the combustion chamber is provided with a base plate, the base plate is provided with a shifting sheet (33), the shifting sheet (33) rotates to crush the coke slag generated by combustion and convey the insufficiently combusted fuel to the adjacent next-stage combustion chamber for further combustion, the wall of the last-stage combustion chamber is provided with a first slag discharge port (8), and the shifting sheet in the last-stage combustion chamber conveys the non-combustible substances and the coke slag after combustion to the first slag discharge port (8) to be discharged out of the combustion chamber;
the side wall of the No. 1 combustion furnace (7) is provided with a feed inlet, the primary combustion chamber (20) is positioned below the feed inlet, the side wall of the primary combustion chamber (20) is provided with an automatic ignition device (19), and the automatic ignition device (19) is positioned above a primary combustion chamber chassis 1 (18); the upper part of the No. 1 combustion furnace (7) is provided with a No. 2 combustion furnace (4), and a second oxygen supply port (6) is arranged between the No. 1 combustion furnace (7) and the No. 2 combustion furnace (4);
the air outlet of the No. 2 combustion furnace (4) is connected with the radiator (2) through a radiator flue gas channel inlet (3) at one side of the radiator and is discharged from a radiator flue gas channel outlet (1) at the top of the radiator.
2. The vertical biomass combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical multi-barrel structure is a double-barrel structure with two barrel axes arranged vertically and the barrels connected, the burner (10) is provided with two combustion chambers, namely a primary combustion chamber (20) and a secondary combustion chamber (9); the upper edge of the chassis 1(18) of the primary combustion chamber is provided with a channel for communicating the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber, the chassis 2(34) of the secondary combustion chamber is positioned below the opening of the channel, the upper edge of the chassis 1(18) is higher than the upper edge of the chassis 2(34), and the fuel which is not fully combusted in the primary combustion chamber is crushed by the poking pieces and is conveyed to the secondary combustion chamber for further combustion.
3. The vertical biomass combustion furnace as claimed in claim 2, wherein the upper part of the cylinder body of the primary combustion chamber (20) is of a complete cylinder structure, and the cylinder wall of the lower part of the cylinder body of the primary combustion chamber (20) is provided with a notch; the upper cylinder wall of the cylinder body where the secondary combustion chamber (9) is positioned is provided with a gap, and the lower part of the cylinder body of the secondary combustion chamber (9) is of a complete cylinder structure; the upper cylinder wall of the primary combustion chamber is embedded into the notch of the upper cylinder wall of the secondary combustion chamber, the lower cylinder wall of the secondary combustion chamber is embedded into the notch of the lower cylinder wall of the primary combustion chamber, and the primary combustion chamber is communicated with the secondary combustion chamber through a gap formed by the mutual embedding of the two cylinders.
4. The vertical biomass combustion furnace as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the cylinders of the combustion chamber are provided with rotating vertical shafts (16), the axes of the rotating vertical shafts (16) are collinear with the cylinder shaft of the cylinder, the upper ends of the vertical shafts are positioned below the combustion chamber chassis, the vertical shafts are connected with hollow shafts (32) through sheaths (17), the hollow shafts (32) have hollow cavity structures, air holes penetrating through the surfaces of the hollow shafts (32) are distributed on the surfaces of the hollow shafts, the hollow shafts penetrate through the combustion chamber chassis, and the hollow shafts positioned at the upper part of the chassis are connected with the plectrum; the shifting piece is a hollow shifting piece with a hollow structure, air holes penetrating through the surface of the shifting piece are distributed on the surface of the hollow shifting piece, and the hollow cavity of the hollow shifting piece is communicated with the hollow cavity of the hollow shaft; the combustion chamber oxygen supply ports (11) are arranged on the barrel where the combustion chambers are located, and the combustion chamber oxygen supply ports (11) are located below the combustion chamber chassis.
5. The vertical biomass combustion furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein ash holes are arranged on the chassis in the combustion chamber, the ash holes are uniformly distributed on the chassis, and the diameter of the ash holes is 2-10mm, preferably 3-8 mm; and a second slag discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the cylinder body where the combustion chamber is arranged.
6. Vertical biomass combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the side wall of the furnace (4) No. 2 is provided with a safety explosion vent (5) controlled by magnetic force, with an explosion threshold of 0.3-0.7MPa, preferably 0.5 MPa.
7. The vertical biomass combustion furnace as recited in claim 1, further comprising: the device comprises a storage box (24), a motor (26), a feeding device (23) and a power transmission system, wherein the storage box (24) is connected with a feeding hole in a No. 1 combustion furnace (7) through the feeding device (23), the output end of the motor (24) is connected with a gear (28) at one end of a transmission shaft (21) through a chain wheel (25) and a chain (27), and the power is transmitted to a rotating vertical shaft (16) through a bevel gear (15) by a traditional shaft (21).
8. A process for obtaining heat source based on the vertical biomass combustion furnace of any one of claims 1 to 7,
s1: storing fuel by placing the fuel into a storage tank (24);
s2: when drying operation is carried out, the motor (26) is started, the motor drives the feeding device (23) to operate, fuel in the storage box (24) is conveyed into the No. 1 combustion furnace through the feeding device (23), and the fuel enters the No. 1 combustion furnace and falls into the primary combustion chamber;
s3: the motor (26) drives the chain (27) to drive through the motor chain wheel (25), and further drives the transmission shaft (21) and the bevel gear (15) to rotate, and the transmission direction of force is changed through the meshing of the bevel gear, so as to drive the rotating vertical shaft (16) arranged in the combustor;
s4: the combustor is of a vertical multi-cylinder structure, a combustion chamber is arranged in the combustor, fuel which is not fully combusted in a primary combustion chamber is crushed and separated by a poking sheet and is conveyed to a secondary combustion chamber for continuous combustion, the fuel is conveyed in sequence, and the poking sheet in a final combustion chamber conveys non-combustible substances and coke slag after combustion to a first slag discharge port (8) and conveys the non-combustible substances and the coke slag to a slag collector (14);
s5: a large amount of combustible gas and tiny particle carbon generated in the combustion process of the combustion chamber are connected with a No. 1 combustion furnace (7) at the top of the combustion chamber, the tiny particle carbon and part of the combustible gas are combusted in the No. 1 combustion furnace, a No. 2 combustion furnace (4) is installed at the top of the No. 1 combustion furnace, and the combustible gas and combustible substances generated in the combustion process of the biomass are further and fully combusted after being filled with oxygen in the No. 2 combustion furnace.
9. A fruit and vegetable dryer characterized by comprising the fruit and vegetable dryer using the vertical biomass combustion furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 7 as a heat source.
10. The fruit and vegetable dryer as claimed in claim 9, characterized by comprising a heat source chamber (39) and a drying chamber (40), wherein the heat source chamber (39) is internally provided with a vertical biomass combustion furnace as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, a radiator (2) of the vertical biomass combustion furnace conducts heat to the heat medium 1, the heat source chamber (39) is communicated with the drying chamber (40), and the heat medium 1 is conveyed from the heat source chamber (39) to the drying chamber (40) for heating and drying the substances to be dried.
CN202110737419.5A 2021-06-30 2021-06-30 Vertical biomass combustion furnace and fruit and vegetable dryer using same as heat source Pending CN113324398A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110737419.5A CN113324398A (en) 2021-06-30 2021-06-30 Vertical biomass combustion furnace and fruit and vegetable dryer using same as heat source

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110737419.5A CN113324398A (en) 2021-06-30 2021-06-30 Vertical biomass combustion furnace and fruit and vegetable dryer using same as heat source

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN113324398A true CN113324398A (en) 2021-08-31

Family

ID=77423568

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202110737419.5A Pending CN113324398A (en) 2021-06-30 2021-06-30 Vertical biomass combustion furnace and fruit and vegetable dryer using same as heat source

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN113324398A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114280268A (en) * 2021-11-11 2022-04-05 国家电投集团宁夏能源铝业有限公司临河发电分公司 System and method for managing coking condition in boiler based on Alot

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114280268A (en) * 2021-11-11 2022-04-05 国家电投集团宁夏能源铝业有限公司临河发电分公司 System and method for managing coking condition in boiler based on Alot
CN114280268B (en) * 2021-11-11 2024-03-08 国家电投集团宁夏能源铝业有限公司临河发电分公司 Alot-based boiler internal coking condition management system and method

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN111440629B (en) Gas-solid staged pyrolysis differential staged continuous biomass carbonization device and method
CN104930537A (en) Flue gas recirculation combustion apparatus
CN113324398A (en) Vertical biomass combustion furnace and fruit and vegetable dryer using same as heat source
CN102705832B (en) Solid waste incinerator without emission of flue gas
CN216282653U (en) Vertical biomass combustion furnace and fruit and vegetable dryer using same as heat source
CN2237782Y (en) Continuous multi-hearth suspensed burning incinerator
CN104357064A (en) Continuous carbonizing device for biomasses
CN102705831A (en) Solid waste incinerator body
CN202419669U (en) Combustible refuse gasification incinerator
CN105066111B (en) Biomass high-temperature gasification torch firing boiler
CN204853504U (en) Waste incinerator furnace device
CN204853499U (en) Msw incineration heat utilization device
CN209923258U (en) Organic solid waste energy-saving drying and carbonizing integrated machine
CN2788032Y (en) High temperature carbonizing refuse incinerator
CN106568087A (en) Garbage treatment system
CN111960635A (en) Multistage pyrolysis carbonization integrated device of mud
CN202561765U (en) Solid waste incinerator free of flue gas discharging
CN100381756C (en) Method for high temperature borning away refuse and its equipment
CN111365707A (en) Biomass pyrolysis gasification furnace and gasification method
CN219607103U (en) Integrated smoke-free environment-friendly boiler for waste incineration continuous kiln
CN201225756Y (en) Spherical briquette boiler
CN103982898A (en) Thermal cracking furnace for household garbage (straw)
CN202561764U (en) Solid waste combustion furnace body
CN221094067U (en) Heat radiation regenerating furnace
CN212298951U (en) Biomass pyrolysis gasification furnace

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination