CN113324345A - 1.5K ultralow temperature implementation system and method of liquid helium-free low-temperature system - Google Patents
1.5K ultralow temperature implementation system and method of liquid helium-free low-temperature system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113324345A CN113324345A CN202110677564.9A CN202110677564A CN113324345A CN 113324345 A CN113324345 A CN 113324345A CN 202110677564 A CN202110677564 A CN 202110677564A CN 113324345 A CN113324345 A CN 113324345A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B23/00—Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups F25B1/00 - F25B21/00, e.g. using selective radiation effect
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
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Abstract
The invention relates to a 1.5K ultralow temperature realization system of a liquid helium-free low-temperature system, which comprises a refrigerator, a cryostat barrel, a refrigeration flow controller, a buffer tank and a circulating pump. A primary cold shield assembly is arranged in the cryostat barrel; an adsorption cold trap is arranged on the primary cold screen component; a secondary cold shield assembly with a heat recovery heat exchanger and a helium pool is arranged in the primary cold shield assembly; an inlet I of the adsorption cold trap is connected with an outlet I of a refrigeration flow controller, and an inlet II of the refrigeration flow controller is connected with a buffer tank and a pipeline III; the buffer tank is connected with the air supply pipeline and the circulating air pipeline; a hot fluid side inlet III of the regenerative heat exchanger is connected with an adsorption cold trap outlet II, and a hot fluid side outlet III is connected with a helium pool inlet IV; an outlet IV of the helium tank is connected with a cold fluid side inlet V, and a cold fluid side outlet V is connected with a pipeline III and a circulating pump; the circulating gas line is connected with a gas exhaust line. The invention also discloses a method for realizing the system. The invention has the characteristics of short evacuation time, thorough gas replacement and difficult blockage in the cooling process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of realization of ultra-low temperature technology, in particular to a 1.5K ultra-low temperature realization system and method of a liquid helium-free low temperature system.
Background
With the continuous development of science and technology, the requirements for detecting or testing the physical properties of materials in extreme environments are more and more strong, especially in the extremely low temperature environment of the 1.5K temperature zone.
The development of the refrigeration technology of the conventional liquid helium-free low-temperature refrigerator is gradually mature, but the mature commercial low-temperature refrigerator can only realize the limit low temperature of about 3K generally, and for the realization of the low temperature of about 1.5K, the commonly used technology at the present stage uses a GM refrigerator or a pulse tube refrigerator as a cold source for precooling, and then realizes the extremely low-temperature environment in a throttling and vacuumizing mode. The common throttling and evacuating technology is that the system precools 4.2K in a refrigerator by a throttling mode, then cools the cooled 4.2K to an over-current helium temperature zone, and then realizes the temperature of 1.5K or lower by a decompression evacuating mode. That is, the throttle + pump down approach is only one technical path, and its cryogenic practice requires different operating methods to achieve. However, the detailed description of the operation method of the technology is not shown in detail by each company or researcher, but only the defects such as long evacuation time, incomplete replacement, easy blockage of the cooling process and the like are summarized in the product operation process, and then the improvement is carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a 1.5K ultralow temperature realization system of a liquid helium-free low-temperature system, which has the advantages of short evacuation time, thorough gas replacement and difficult blockage in the temperature reduction process.
The invention aims to solve another technical problem of providing a method for realizing 1.5K ultralow temperature of a liquid helium-free low-temperature system.
In order to solve the above problems, the 1.5K ultra-low temperature implementation system of the liquid helium-free cryogenic system is characterized in that: the system comprises a refrigerator, a cryostat barrel, a refrigeration flow controller, a buffer tank and a circulating pump which are connected together through a top flange of the cryostat; a primary cold shield assembly is arranged in the cryostat barrel and is connected with a primary cold head of the refrigerator; the first-stage cold shield assembly is provided with an adsorption cold trap, and a second-stage cold shield assembly is arranged in the first-stage cold shield assembly; an inlet I of the adsorption cold trap is connected with an outlet I of a refrigeration flow controller through a pipeline I, and an inlet II of the refrigeration flow controller is respectively connected with the buffer tank and a pipeline III through a pipeline II; one side of the buffer tank is connected with a pipeline IV which is respectively connected with a gas supplementing pipeline and a circulating gas pipeline of an external helium source; the secondary cold shield assembly is internally provided with a regenerative heat exchanger and a helium pool which are connected together, and is connected with a secondary cold head of the refrigerator; an inlet III on the heat fluid side of the regenerative heat exchanger is connected with an outlet II of the adsorption cold trap through a hose, and an outlet III on the heat fluid side is connected with an inlet IV of the helium pool through a pipeline V and a throttle valve; an outlet IV of the helium pool is connected with an inlet V on the cold fluid side of the regenerative heat exchanger through a pipeline VI, and an outlet V on the cold fluid side of the regenerative heat exchanger is connected with a pipeline VII; the pipeline VII is respectively connected with the pipeline III and the circulating pump, and the circulating pump is respectively connected with the circulating gas pipeline and the bypass pipeline; the bypass pipeline is connected with the pipeline III; the circulating gas line is connected with a gas exhaust line.
The primary cold shield assembly is formed by connecting a primary cold shield cylinder and a primary cold shield top flange, and the primary cold shield top flange is connected with a primary cold head of the refrigerator; and the adsorption cold trap is arranged on the primary cold screen top flange.
The secondary cold shield component is formed by connecting a secondary cold shield top flange and a secondary cold shield cylinder arranged in the primary cold shield cylinder, and the secondary cold shield top flange is connected with a secondary cold head of the refrigerator.
And a pneumatic valve I is arranged on the pipeline II, and a pneumatic valve II is arranged on the pipeline III between the pipeline II and the bypass pipeline.
And an air supply valve is arranged on the air supply pipeline.
And a circulating pneumatic valve is arranged on the circulating air pipeline.
And a manual valve is arranged on the pipeline VII.
And a bypass valve is arranged on the bypass pipeline.
And an exhaust valve is arranged on the exhaust pipeline.
A1.5K ultralow temperature realization method of a liquid helium-free cryogenic system comprises the following steps:
the evacuation process of the system comprises the following steps:
closing a bypass valve, a circulating pneumatic valve and an air compensating valve of a circulating pump, completely opening a throttle valve, a manual valve, a pneumatic valve I, a pneumatic valve II, a refrigeration flow controller and an exhaust valve, and starting the circulating pump to vacuumize a system pipeline to less than 10 Pa;
the pipeline flowing washing and replacing process:
connecting a helium source with a gas supplementing pipeline, closing the exhaust valve and the circulating pump, and completely opening the bypass valve, the circulating pneumatic valve and the gas supplementing valve to charge the system; after the inflation is finished, evacuating according to the first step, and repeating the inflation and evacuation for three times to finish the pipeline flow washing and replacement process;
the pipeline inflation process:
opening a helium source and the gas supplementing valve, closing the exhaust valve and the circulating pump, fully opening the bypass valve, the circulating pneumatic valve, the throttle valve, the manual valve, the pneumatic valve I and the pneumatic valve II, inflating the system, and observing the pressure reading of the buffer tank until the working pressure is reached, so that the inflation process is completed;
fourthly, cooling and returning the system:
starting a refrigerating machine, opening the manual valve, the circulating pneumatic valve, the pneumatic valve I and the circulating pump, adjusting the refrigerating flow controller to a design flow, and performing gas circulation cooling until a 1.5K temperature zone; and then testing the physical properties of the materials, and after the test is finished, closing the refrigerating machine and the circulating pump, opening the bypass valve and carrying out system temperature return.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention is provided with an air supply line which is connected with the buffer tank and is provided with an external helium source, the air supply line is provided with an air supply valve, and the purposes of supplying air and thoroughly replacing gas to the system before cooling are realized through the control of the air supply valve.
2. The circulating gas pipeline is connected with a gas exhaust pipeline, an exhaust valve is arranged on the gas exhaust pipeline, and the purpose of exhausting gas in the process of flow washing and replacement of the system is achieved through the control of the exhaust valve.
3. The invention relates to a bypass pipeline in the field of circulating pumps, wherein a bypass valve is arranged on the bypass pipeline, and the purpose of adjusting the pumping speed of a pump is realized through the control of the bypass valve, so that the pumping-out time is shortened.
4. The invention sets the evacuation process before starting and the flow washing replacement process of the pipeline during the operation, and can clean the pipeline before cooling, so the cooling process is not easy to block.
5. The invention takes throttling and evacuating as technical paths, and different valve control operations are carried out according to the flow stage of the whole system, thereby realizing the cooling of 1.5K or lower temperature.
Drawings
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a refrigerator; 2-adsorption cold trap; 3-cryostat top flange; 4-cryostat barrels; 5-first-stage cold screen top flange; 6-first-stage cold shield cylinder; 7-secondary cold screen top flange; 8-a secondary cold shield cylinder; 9-a regenerative heat exchanger; 10-a throttle valve; 11-helium bath; 12-a refrigeration flow controller; 13-a buffer tank; 14-a circulation pump; 15-pneumatic valve I; 16-pneumatic valve II; 17-a gulp valve; 18-a recirculating pneumatic valve; 19-manual valve; 20-a bypass valve; 21-exhaust valve.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a 1.5K ultra-low temperature implementation system of a liquid helium free cryogenic system includes a refrigerator 1 and a cryostat cartridge 4, coupled together by a cryostat top flange 3, along with a refrigeration flow controller 12, a buffer tank 13 and a circulation pump 14. The cryostat top flange 3 and the cryostat barrel 4 form a cryostat, and play a role in vacuum heat insulation.
A primary cold shield assembly is arranged in the cryostat barrel 4 and is connected with a primary cold head of the refrigerator 1; the primary cold shield component is provided with an adsorption cold trap 2, and a secondary cold shield component is arranged in the primary cold shield component; the inlet I of the adsorption cold trap 2 is connected with the outlet I of the refrigeration flow controller 12 through a pipeline I, and the purpose is to introduce helium with well controlled flow into the adsorption cold trap 2 to cool and adsorb impurity removal. An inlet II of the refrigeration flow controller 12 is respectively connected with a buffer tank 13 and a pipeline III through a pipeline II; one side of the buffer tank 13 is connected with a pipeline IV which is respectively connected with a gas supplementing pipeline and a circulating gas pipeline of an external helium source; a regenerative heat exchanger 9 and a helium pool 11 which are connected together are arranged in the secondary cold shield assembly, and the secondary cold shield assembly is connected with a secondary cold head of the refrigerator 1; an inlet III on the heat fluid side of the regenerative heat exchanger 9 is connected with an outlet II of the adsorption cold trap 2 through a hose, and an outlet III on the heat fluid side is connected with an inlet IV of a helium pool 11 through a pipeline V and a throttle valve 10; the outlet iv of the helium bath 11 is connected via line vi to the inlet v on the cold fluid side of the recuperator 9, thus forming a closed circuit inside the cryostat. An outlet V at the cold fluid side of the regenerative heat exchanger 9 is connected with a pipeline VII; the pipeline VII is respectively connected with a pipeline III and a circulating pump 14, and the circulating pump 14 is respectively connected with a circulating gas pipeline and a bypass pipeline; the bypass pipeline is connected with the pipeline III; the circulating gas line is connected with a gas exhaust line.
Wherein: the primary cold shield assembly is formed by connecting a primary cold shield cylinder 6 and a primary cold shield top flange 5, and the primary cold shield top flange 5 is connected with a primary cold head of the refrigerator 1 and used for providing cold energy for the primary cold shield assembly to cool; and the primary cold screen top flange 5 is provided with an adsorption cold trap 2. The purpose of the primary cold shield component is to reduce the radiation heat leakage between the secondary cold shield component and the normal temperature, the low temperature and the constant temperature.
The secondary cold shield component is formed by connecting a secondary cold shield top flange 7 and a secondary cold shield cylinder 8 arranged in the primary cold shield cylinder 6, and the secondary cold shield top flange 7 is connected with a secondary cold head of the refrigerator 1 and used for providing cold energy for the secondary cold shield component for cooling. The purpose of the secondary cold shield assembly is to reduce the radiant heat leakage from the target ultra-low temperature region helium bath 11 and the secondary cold shield assembly.
And a pneumatic valve I15 is arranged on the pipeline II, and a pneumatic valve II 16 is arranged on a pipeline III between the pipeline II and the bypass pipeline. Two ends of the pneumatic valve II 16 are respectively connected with an outlet of the circulating pump 14, the bypass valve 20, an outlet of the buffer tank 13 and the pneumatic valve I15, so that an internal circulating pipeline of the bypass cryostat is formed, and the system evacuation time is shortened.
An air supply valve 17 is arranged on the air supply pipeline. The outlet of the air compensating valve 17 is connected with the inlet of the buffer tank 13 and the circulating pneumatic valve 18, and the inlet is connected with an external helium source, so that air compensation is performed on the system before temperature reduction.
A circulating pneumatic valve 18 is arranged on the circulating air pipeline.
The pipeline VII is provided with a manual valve 19.
A bypass valve 20 is provided in the bypass line. The inlet and outlet of the bypass valve 20 are connected to the inlet and outlet of the circulation pump 14 for bypassing the circulation pump 14 and adjusting the pumping speed of the pump.
An exhaust valve 21 is arranged on the exhaust line. The inlet of the exhaust valve 21 is connected to the recirculating pneumatic valve 18 for the purpose of venting during the flow-through displacement of the system.
The air compensating valve 17 and the air exhausting valve 21 are ball valves. The bypass valve 20 is a needle valve. The pneumatic valve II 16 is a bellows seal valve.
A1.5K ultralow temperature realization method of a liquid helium-free cryogenic system comprises the following steps:
the evacuation process of the system comprises the following steps:
and closing a bypass valve 20, a circulating pneumatic valve 18 and an air compensating valve 17 of the circulating pump 14, fully opening the throttle valve 10, the manual valve 19, the pneumatic valve I15, the pneumatic valve II 16, the refrigeration flow controller 12 and the exhaust valve 21, and starting the circulating pump 14 to vacuumize a system pipeline to be less than 10 Pa. The process can avoid the air in the pipeline from condensing and blocking the system in the cooling process.
The pipeline flowing washing and replacing process:
connecting a helium source with a gas supplementing pipeline, closing an exhaust valve 21 and a circulating pump 14, and completely opening a bypass valve 20, a circulating pneumatic valve 18 and a gas supplementing valve 17 to charge the system; and after the inflation is finished, evacuating according to the first step, and repeating the inflation and evacuation for three times to finish the pipeline flow washing and replacement process. The inside other impurity that thoughtlessly has of system when this process can avoid the cooling blocks up the pipeline.
The pipeline inflation process:
and opening a helium source and a gas supplementing valve 17, closing an exhaust valve 21 and a circulating pump 14, fully opening a bypass valve 20, a circulating pneumatic valve 18, a throttle valve 10, a manual valve 19, a pneumatic valve I15 and a pneumatic valve II 16, inflating the system, and observing the pressure reading of the buffer tank 13 to working pressure to finish the inflation process.
Fourthly, cooling and returning the system:
starting the refrigerator 1, opening the manual valve 19, the circulating pneumatic valve 18, the pneumatic valve I15 and the circulating pump 14, adjusting the refrigeration flow controller 12 to the designed flow, and performing gas circulation cooling until the temperature reaches 1.5K; and then testing the physical properties of the materials, and after the test is finished, closing the refrigerating machine 1 and the circulating pump 4, opening the bypass valve 20, and carrying out system temperature return.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a exempt from 1.5K ultra-low temperature implementation system of liquid helium low temperature system which characterized in that: the system comprises a refrigerator (1), a cryostat barrel (4), a refrigeration flow controller (12), a buffer tank (13) and a circulating pump (14), which are connected together through a cryostat top flange (3); a primary cold shield assembly is arranged in the cryostat barrel (4), and is connected with a primary cold head of the refrigerator (1); an adsorption cold trap (2) is arranged on the primary cold shield component, and a secondary cold shield component is arranged in the primary cold shield component; an inlet I of the adsorption cold trap (2) is connected with an outlet I of a refrigeration flow controller (12) through a pipeline I, and an inlet II of the refrigeration flow controller (12) is respectively connected with the buffer tank (13) and a pipeline III through a pipeline II; one side of the buffer tank (13) is connected with a pipeline IV which is respectively connected with a gas supplementing pipeline and a circulating gas pipeline of an external helium source; a regenerative heat exchanger (9) and a helium pool (11) which are connected together are arranged in the secondary cold shield assembly, and the secondary cold shield assembly is connected with a secondary cold head of the refrigerator (1); an inlet III on the heat fluid side of the regenerative heat exchanger (9) is connected with an outlet II of the adsorption cold trap (2) through a hose, and an outlet III on the heat fluid side is connected with an inlet IV of the helium tank (11) through a pipeline V and a throttle valve (10); an outlet IV of the helium tank (11) is connected with an inlet V on the cold fluid side of the regenerative heat exchanger (9) through a pipeline VI, and an outlet V on the cold fluid side of the regenerative heat exchanger (9) is connected with a pipeline VII; the pipeline VII is respectively connected with the pipeline III and the circulating pump (14), and the circulating pump (14) is respectively connected with the circulating gas pipeline and the bypass pipeline; the bypass pipeline is connected with the pipeline III; the circulating gas line is connected with a gas exhaust line.
2. The 1.5K ultra-low temperature implementation system of a liquid helium free cryogenic system of claim 1, wherein: the primary cold shield assembly is formed by connecting a primary cold shield cylinder (6) and a primary cold shield top flange (5), and the primary cold shield top flange (5) is connected with a primary cold head of the refrigerator (1); the primary cold screen top flange (5) is provided with the adsorption cold trap (2).
3. The 1.5K ultra-low temperature implementation system of a liquid helium free cryogenic system of claim 1, wherein: the secondary cold shield component is formed by connecting a secondary cold shield top flange (7) and a secondary cold shield cylinder (8) arranged in the primary cold shield cylinder (6), and the secondary cold shield top flange (7) is connected with a secondary cold head of the refrigerator (1).
4. The 1.5K ultra-low temperature implementation system of a liquid helium free cryogenic system of claim 1, wherein: and a pneumatic valve I (15) is arranged on the pipeline II, and a pneumatic valve II (16) is arranged on the pipeline III between the pipeline II and the bypass pipeline.
5. The 1.5K ultra-low temperature implementation system of a liquid helium free cryogenic system of claim 1, wherein: an air supply valve (17) is arranged on the air supply pipeline.
6. The 1.5K ultra-low temperature implementation system of a liquid helium free cryogenic system of claim 1, wherein: and a circulating pneumatic valve (18) is arranged on the circulating air pipeline.
7. The 1.5K ultra-low temperature implementation system of a liquid helium free cryogenic system of claim 1, wherein: and a manual valve (19) is arranged on the pipeline VII.
8. The 1.5K ultra-low temperature implementation system of a liquid helium free cryogenic system of claim 1, wherein: a bypass valve (20) is arranged on the bypass pipeline.
9. The 1.5K ultra-low temperature implementation system of a liquid helium free cryogenic system of claim 1, wherein: an exhaust valve (21) is arranged on the exhaust pipeline.
10. A1.5K ultralow temperature realization method of a liquid helium-free cryogenic system comprises the following steps:
the evacuation process of the system comprises the following steps:
closing a bypass valve (20) and a circulating pneumatic valve (18) of a circulating pump (14) and an air compensating valve (17), fully opening a throttle valve (10), a manual valve (19), a pneumatic valve I (15), a pneumatic valve II (16), a refrigeration flow controller (12) and an exhaust valve (21), and starting the circulating pump (14) to vacuumize a system pipeline to be less than 10 Pa;
the pipeline flowing washing and replacing process:
connecting a helium source with a gas supplementing pipeline, closing the exhaust valve (21) and the circulating pump (14), and fully opening the bypass valve (20), the circulating pneumatic valve (18) and the gas supplementing valve (17) to charge the system; after the inflation is finished, evacuating according to the first step, and repeating the inflation and evacuation for three times to finish the pipeline flow washing and replacement process;
the pipeline inflation process:
opening a helium source and the gas supplementing valve (17), closing the exhaust valve (21) and the circulating pump (14), fully opening the bypass valve (20), the circulating pneumatic valve (18), the throttle valve (10), the manual valve (19), the pneumatic valve I (15) and the pneumatic valve II (16), inflating the system, and observing the pressure reading of the buffer tank (13) to working pressure to finish the inflation process;
fourthly, cooling and returning the system:
starting a refrigerating machine (1), opening the manual valve (19), the circulating pneumatic valve (18), the pneumatic valve I (15) and the circulating pump (14), adjusting the refrigerating flow controller (12) to a design flow, and performing gas circulation cooling until a temperature zone of 1.5K; and then testing the physical properties of the materials, and after the test is finished, closing the refrigerating machine (1) and the circulating pump (14), opening the bypass valve (20), and carrying out system temperature return.
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| CN202110677564.9A CN113324345B (en) | 2021-06-18 | 2021-06-18 | 1.5K ultralow temperature implementation system and method of liquid helium-free low-temperature system |
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| CN202110677564.9A CN113324345B (en) | 2021-06-18 | 2021-06-18 | 1.5K ultralow temperature implementation system and method of liquid helium-free low-temperature system |
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| CN113324345B CN113324345B (en) | 2022-06-17 |
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| CN208756643U (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2019-04-19 | 安徽通灵仿生科技有限公司 | A kind of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation device |
| CN112271051A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-01-26 | 宁波健信核磁技术有限公司 | Superconducting magnet low-temperature heat exchange device |
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2021
- 2021-06-18 CN CN202110677564.9A patent/CN113324345B/en active Active
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05223378A (en) * | 1992-02-12 | 1993-08-31 | Nippon Sanso Kk | Helium liquefying/freezing apparatus and operation thereof |
| JPH06323663A (en) * | 1993-05-18 | 1994-11-25 | Hitachi Ltd | Refrigerator |
| JPH09306722A (en) * | 1996-05-16 | 1997-11-28 | Toshiba Corp | Superconducting magnet device |
| JP2000274852A (en) * | 1999-03-26 | 2000-10-06 | Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd | Method and apparatus for controlling helium liquefying device |
| CN2465122Y (en) * | 2001-02-27 | 2001-12-12 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Device for adjusting cold end air flow phase of pulse tube refrigerator |
| US20140299112A1 (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2014-10-09 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Supercharged internal combustion engine and method for operating an internal combustion engine of said type |
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| CN208756643U (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2019-04-19 | 安徽通灵仿生科技有限公司 | A kind of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation device |
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| CN112271051A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-01-26 | 宁波健信核磁技术有限公司 | Superconducting magnet low-temperature heat exchange device |
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| CN113324345B (en) | 2022-06-17 |
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