CN108036538A - A kind of superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system - Google Patents
A kind of superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108036538A CN108036538A CN201711212174.4A CN201711212174A CN108036538A CN 108036538 A CN108036538 A CN 108036538A CN 201711212174 A CN201711212174 A CN 201711212174A CN 108036538 A CN108036538 A CN 108036538A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/08—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using ejectors
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Abstract
The present invention relates to low-temperature refrigeration technology field, more particularly to a kind of superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system, including compressor unit, helium liquefaction unit, the first storage tank, the second storage tank, superfluid helium cycling element；The present invention devises a kind of superfluid helium cycling element based on injector, so that existing superfluid helium circulation eliminates mechanical moving element, avoid the design difficulty of these mechanical moving elements, meets the needs of low-temperature circulating system non-maintaining operation for a long time, the reliability of circular flow is improved at the same time, technical risk is reduced, keeps the volume of whole low-temperature circulating system compacter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to low-temperature refrigeration technology field, more particularly to a kind of superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system.
Background technology
Superfluid helium (He II) has unique superfluidity, is a kind of extraordinary cooling medium of cooling performance, European nucleon
Super stream is all employ in the superconducting magnet of the Large Hadron Collider at center and the space probe of US National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Helium is cooled down.The research and application of superfluid helium are just accompanied by the advanced skill such as low-temperature superconducting, space exploration and high-energy physics
What the development of art got up.The conventional method for obtaining superfluid helium is to reduce pressure in liquid helium space to absolute pressure
1.6kPa so that the temperature of superfluid helium reaches 1.8K.Therefore the circulation for obtaining superfluid helium is a negative-pressure cyclic, it is necessary to relevant
Vacuum equipment causes the pressure of superfluid helium to remain unchanged.The method of mainstream produces super stream while liquid helium is produced in the world at present
Helium.Mainly there are three kinds of modes than the circulation of more typical superfluid helium：1) extracted at room temperature using room temperature pump；2) 3.5K's or so
It is compressed under low temperature using the centrifugal compressor (cold compressor) of negative pressure；3) using room temperature pump and cold compressor associated working
To obtain superfluid helium.In these endless form, room temperature pump and cold press are all mechanical moving elements, are reduced to a certain extent
The reliability of system operation.And cold press because negative pressure, low operating temperatures, it is necessary to consider leakage heat, sealing and
The Related Technical Issues such as working characteristics, almost no one grasps these technologies at home at present, also only rests in the world few
In number country hand, exist always to China and take precautions against.In addition, circulated using the superfluid helium of room temperature pump and cold press, it is necessary in flow
It is middle to use multi-stage heat exchanger, the helium under low temperature is cooled down so that it meets the temperature requirement of flow.This results in system into
This increase, in addition for negative pressure cryogenic heat exchanger technology we do not grasp still, it is necessary to individually research and develop, there are certain at present
Technical risk.Therefore, superfluid helium endless form needs to redesign.
The content of the invention
In consideration of it, can meet the needs of low-temperature circulating system non-maintaining operation for a long time it is necessary to provide a kind of, carry at the same time
The high reliability of circular flow, reduces technical risk, keeps the overall compact super stream of volume of whole low-temperature circulating system
Helium low-temperature circulating system.
A kind of superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system, including it is compressor unit, helium liquefaction unit, the first storage tank, the second storage tank, super
Flow helium cycle unit；
The compressor unit includes high pressure compressor and low pressure compressor, the outlet of the low pressure compressor and the height
The entrance of pressure compressor is connected；The outlet of the high pressure compressor and the first air inlet of the helium liquefaction unit pass through high pressure
Gas piping connects；The first outlet of the helium liquefaction unit is connected with the entrance of first storage tank, first storage tank
First outlet is connected with the second entrance of the helium liquefaction unit, and the second outlet of the helium liquefaction unit passes through medium pressure gas pipe
Road is connected between high pressure compressor and low pressure compressor；The helium liquefaction unit the 3rd outlet by low-pressure gas pipeline with
Low pressure compressor entrance connects；
The second outlet of first storage tank is connected with the superfluid helium cycling element first entrance；The superfluid helium circulation
The first outlet of unit is connected with the entrance of second storage tank, the outlet of second storage tank and the superfluid helium cycling element
Second entrance connection, the second outlet of the superfluid helium cycling element is connected on the low-pressure gas pipeline.
Further, the superfluid helium cycling element includes injector, the Working-fluid intaking and high pressure of the injector
Gas piping connects, the second entrance of the driving fluid entrance connection superfluid helium unit, the compression fluid outlet and super stream
The second outlet connection of helium cycle unit.
Further, the superfluid helium cycling element further includes the first valve, and first valve is arranged on injector
Between Working-fluid intaking and high-pressure gas pipeline；Second valve, second valve are arranged on driving fluid entrance and super stream
Between helium unit second entrance；3rd valve, the 3rd valve are arranged between compression fluid outlet and low-pressure gas pipeline.
Particularly, the injector is series ejectors.
As an improvement further including gas delivery unit, the gas delivery unit includes and the compressor unit
Pneumatic control valve door group in parallel；The gas delivery unit is arranged between compressor unit and helium liquefaction unit.
As a further improvement, the injector Working-fluid intaking be connected to gas delivery unit and helium liquefaction unit it
Between.
Further, the superfluid helium unit further includes heat exchanger, and first entrance and the superfluid helium of the heat exchanger circulate
The first entrance connection of unit, the first outlet of the heat exchanger are connected with the first outlet of the superfluid helium cycling element, institute
The second entrance for stating heat exchanger is connected with the second entrance of the superfluid helium cycling element, the second outlet of the heat exchanger and institute
State the driving fluid entrance connection of injector；Second valve be arranged on driving fluid entrance and heat exchanger second outlet it
Between.
Specifically, first storage tank is 4K liquid helium Dewars, cold test subsystems, low temperature directional valve box or user are specific
Load.
Specifically, second storage tank is 2K superfluid helium Dewars.
Particularly, the second outlet of the superfluid helium cycling element can also be not attached to described by technical solution of the present invention
On low-pressure gas pipeline, and the second outlet of the superfluid helium cycling element is connected on medium pressure gas piping.
A kind of superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system of the present invention, compared with existing superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system, above-mentioned superfluid helium
Low-temperature circulating system, devises a kind of superfluid helium circulation based on injector so that existing superfluid helium circulation eliminates machinery
Moving component, avoids the design difficulty of these mechanical moving elements, meets the need of low-temperature circulating system non-maintaining operation for a long time
Ask, while improve the reliability of circular flow, reduce technical risk, keep the volume of whole low-temperature circulating system more to step up
Gather.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of a kind of structural schematic block diagram of embodiment of superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic block diagram of superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system another embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to become apparent from the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, to this hair
It is bright to be further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and do not have to
It is of the invention in limiting.
As shown in Figs. 1-2, a kind of superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system 100, including compressor unit 110, helium liquefaction unit
130th, the first storage tank 140, the second storage tank 150, superfluid helium cycling element 160；
The compressor unit 110 includes high pressure compressor 112 and low pressure compressor 111, the low pressure compressor 111
Outlet is connected with the entrance of the high pressure compressor 112；The outlet of the high pressure compressor 112 and the helium liquefaction unit
130 the first air inlet is connected by high-pressure gas pipeline 170；The first outlet of the helium liquefaction unit 130 and described first
The entrance connection of storage tank 140, the first outlet of first storage tank 140 are connected with the second entrance of the helium liquefaction unit 130,
The second outlet of the helium liquefaction unit 130 is connected to high pressure compressor 112 and low pressure compressor by medium pressure gas pipeline 180
Between 111；3rd outlet of the helium liquefaction unit 130 is connected by low-pressure gas pipeline 190 and 111 entrance of low pressure compressor
Connect；
The second outlet of first storage tank 140 is connected with 160 first entrance of superfluid helium cycling element；The super stream
The first outlet of helium cycle unit 160 is connected with the entrance of second storage tank 150, the outlet of second storage tank 150 and institute
The second entrance connection of superfluid helium cycling element 160 is stated, the second outlet of the superfluid helium cycling element 160 is connected to described low
Press on gas piping 190.Working fluid of the high-pressure helium from high-pressure gas pipeline 170 as injector 161, passes through work
The system of fluid inlet valve control 163 enters the pressure and flow of the working fluid of injector, and working fluid carries out in injector 161
Raising speed is depressured, and injection is carried out to driving fluid, both fluids enter the low pressure of liquid helium circulation after being mixed in injector 161
Gas piping 190.Driving fluid from the second storage tank, is entered in injector 161 by driving fluid inlet valve 164,
Driving fluid inlet valve 164 can realize that the flow of the driving fluid to entering injector 161 is adjusted.
It is appreciated that as a preferred embodiment, the superfluid helium cycling element 160 includes injector 161, institute
The Working-fluid intaking for stating injector 161 is connected with high-pressure gas pipeline 170, and the driving fluid entrance connects superfluid helium unit
Second entrance, compression fluid outlet is connected with the second outlet of superfluid helium cycling element 160.
It is appreciated that the superfluid helium cycling element 160 further includes the first valve 163, first valve 163 is arranged on
Between 161 Working-fluid intaking of injector and high-pressure gas pipeline 170；Second valve 164, second valve 164 are arranged on
Between driving fluid entrance and superfluid helium unit second entrance；3rd valve 165, the 3rd valve 165 are arranged on compression stream
Body is exported between low-pressure gas pipeline 190.
Particularly, 161 series ejectors 161 of injector.The series of injector is obtained according to the technology Calculation of parameter,
From the limitation of level-one shown in figure.
As an improvement further including gas delivery unit, the gas delivery unit includes and the compressor unit
110 pneumatic control valve door groups in parallel；The gas delivery unit be arranged on compressor unit 110 and helium liquefaction unit 130 it
Between.
Working fluid leading point limits from position shown in figure, can be in liquid in order to meet the need of work of injector
Draw any position that helium produces circulation.As a kind of preferably embodiment, 161 Working-fluid intaking of the injector connection
Between gas delivery unit and helium liquefaction unit 130.Likewise, compression fluid enters the low-pressure gas that liquid helium produces circulation
Pipeline, this access point, in the case where meeting technological requirement, can enter from the limitation of position in figure in any position
Liquid helium is produced in circulation line, and this programme is only to provide a kind of preferably embodiment.
Further, the superfluid helium unit further includes heat exchanger 162, the first entrance of the heat exchanger 162 and super stream
The first entrance connection of helium cycle unit 160, the first outlet of the heat exchanger 162 and the superfluid helium cycling element 160
First outlet connects, and the second entrance of the heat exchanger 162 is connected with the second entrance of the superfluid helium cycling element 160, institute
The second outlet for stating heat exchanger 162 is connected with the driving fluid entrance of the injector 161；Second valve is arranged on injection
Between fluid inlet and the second outlet of heat exchanger.
Specifically, first storage tank 140 is 4K liquid helium Dewars, cold test subsystems, low temperature directional valve box or user
Certain loads.
Specifically, second storage tank 150 is 2K superfluid helium Dewars.
As a kind of particular embodiment, technical solution of the present invention can also have following change, as shown in Fig. 2, the super stream
The second outlet of helium cycle unit 160 is not attached on the low-pressure gas pipeline 190, the superfluid helium cycling element 160
Second outlet is connected on medium pressure gas piping 180.
The course of work of above-mentioned superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system 100 as shown in the figures 1 and 2 is as follows：Compressor unit 110 is
Superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system provides power source, realizes pressurization of the helium from low pressure to high pressure.Gas delivery subsystem leads to
Pid parameter control valve aperture is crossed, so as to stablize high-pressure gas pipeline 170, the medium pressure gas pipe of superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system
Road 180 and the helium pressure of low-pressure gas pipeline 190.The high-pressure helium that helium liquefaction unit 130 exports compressor unit 110 drops
Temperature liquefaction becomes liquid helium.The liquid helium exported from helium liquefaction unit 130 is entered in the first storage tank 140 by liquid helium cryogenic pipelines.
4K saturations helium flows into the of helium liquefaction unit 130 by the first outlet of the first low temperature return line from the first storage tank 140
Two entrances, then enter compressor unit 110 from the 3rd outlet of helium liquefaction unit 130 by low-pressure gas pipeline 190.And 4K
Saturation liquid helium enters superfluid helium cycling element 160 by liquid helium transfer conduit, in superfluid helium cycling element 160,4K saturation liquid heliums
Superfluid helium is produced by throttling to cool down, the superfluid helium flowed out from the first outlet of superfluid helium cycling element 160 is low by superfluid helium
Warm pipeline, into the second storage tank 150.From the second storage tank 150 outflow 2K low-temperature heliums by the second low temperature return line into
Excess of imports stream helium cycle unit 160 is flowed out from the second outlet of superfluid helium cycling element 160 again after heat exchanger 162 provides cold,
It is changed into Room-temperature low-pressure helium by injector 161, returns the low pressure compressor entrance of compressor unit 110, completes whole one
A circulation.
A kind of superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system of the present invention, compared with existing superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system, above-mentioned superfluid helium
Low-temperature circulating system, devises a kind of superfluid helium circulation based on injector so that existing superfluid helium circulation eliminates machinery
Moving component, avoids the design difficulty of these mechanical moving elements, meets the need of low-temperature circulating system non-maintaining operation for a long time
Ask, while improve the reliability of circular flow, reduce technical risk, keep the volume of whole low-temperature circulating system more to step up
Gather.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
Member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system, it is characterised in that including compressor unit, helium liquefaction unit, the first storage tank,
Two storage tanks, superfluid helium cycling element；
The compressor unit includes high pressure compressor and low pressure compressor, the outlet of the low pressure compressor and the high pressure pressure
The entrance of contracting machine is connected；The outlet of the high pressure compressor and the first air inlet of the helium liquefaction unit pass through gases at high pressure
Pipeline connection；The first outlet of the helium liquefaction unit is connected with the entrance of first storage tank, and the first of first storage tank
Outlet is connected with the second entrance of the helium liquefaction unit, and the second outlet of the helium liquefaction unit is connected by medium pressure gas pipeline
It is connected between high pressure compressor and low pressure compressor；3rd outlet of the helium liquefaction unit passes through low-pressure gas pipeline and low pressure
Suction port of compressor connects；
The second outlet of first storage tank is connected with the superfluid helium cycling element first entrance；The superfluid helium cycling element
First outlet connected with the entrance of second storage tank, the outlet of second storage tank and the of the superfluid helium cycling element
Two entrances connect, and the second outlet of the superfluid helium cycling element is connected on the low-pressure gas pipeline.
2. superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the superfluid helium cycling element includes spray
Emitter, the Working-fluid intaking of the injector are connected with high-pressure gas pipeline, and the driving fluid entrance connects superfluid helium list
The second entrance of member, the compression fluid outlet are connected with the second outlet of superfluid helium cycling element.
3. superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the superfluid helium cycling element further includes
First valve, first valve are arranged between injector Working-fluid intaking and high-pressure gas pipeline；Second valve, it is described
Second valve is arranged between driving fluid entrance and superfluid helium unit second entrance；3rd valve, the 3rd valve are set
Between compression fluid outlet and low-pressure gas pipeline.
4. superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the injector is series ejectors.
5. the superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system as described in claim 1-4, it is characterised in that further include gas delivery unit, institute
Stating gas delivery unit includes the pneumatic control valve door group in parallel with the compressor unit；The gas delivery unit is arranged on
Between compressor unit and helium liquefaction unit.
6. superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the injector Working-fluid intaking connects
It is connected between gas delivery unit and helium liquefaction unit.
7. the superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system as described in claim 1-4, it is characterised in that further include heat exchanger, the heat exchange
The first entrance of device is connected with the first entrance of superfluid helium cycling element, and the first outlet of the heat exchanger is followed with the superfluid helium
The first outlet connection of ring element, the second entrance of the heat exchanger are connected with the second entrance of the superfluid helium cycling element,
The second outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the driving fluid entrance of the injector；Second valve is arranged on driving fluid
Between entrance and the second outlet of heat exchanger.
8. superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that first storage tank is shut out for 4K liquid heliums
Watt, cold test subsystems, low temperature directional valve box or user's certain loads.
9. superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that second storage tank is shut out for 2K superfluid heliums
Watt.
10. superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the superfluid helium cycling element
Second outlet is not attached on the low-pressure gas pipeline, and the second outlet of the superfluid helium cycling element is connected to medium pressure
On gas piping.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711212174.4A CN108036538B (en) | 2017-11-27 | 2017-11-27 | Superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711212174.4A CN108036538B (en) | 2017-11-27 | 2017-11-27 | Superfluid helium low-temperature circulating system |
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| CN108036538A true CN108036538A (en) | 2018-05-15 |
| CN108036538B CN108036538B (en) | 2020-05-19 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108870821A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-23 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | It is a kind of using refrigeration machine as the sub-cooled equipment of cold source |
| CN112944802A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-06-11 | 西南石油大学 | Precooling apparatus before filling liquid helium storage tank |
| CN114704973A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-07-05 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Super-flow helium refrigerator |
| CN114739032A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-07-12 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Super-flow helium refrigerator |
| CN114812095A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-07-29 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Super-flow helium refrigerator |
| CN114923291A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-08-19 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Overflow helium refrigerator with negative pressure protection module |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108870821A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-23 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | It is a kind of using refrigeration machine as the sub-cooled equipment of cold source |
| CN112944802A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-06-11 | 西南石油大学 | Precooling apparatus before filling liquid helium storage tank |
| CN114704973A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-07-05 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Super-flow helium refrigerator |
| CN114739032A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-07-12 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Super-flow helium refrigerator |
| CN114812095A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-07-29 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Super-flow helium refrigerator |
| CN114923291A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-08-19 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Overflow helium refrigerator with negative pressure protection module |
| CN114812095B (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-11-18 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Super-flow helium refrigerator |
| CN114739032B (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-11-22 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Super-flow helium refrigerator |
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