CN113323004A - Concrete panel rock-fill dam soft foundation reinforcing structure and construction method - Google Patents
Concrete panel rock-fill dam soft foundation reinforcing structure and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113323004A CN113323004A CN202110607696.4A CN202110607696A CN113323004A CN 113323004 A CN113323004 A CN 113323004A CN 202110607696 A CN202110607696 A CN 202110607696A CN 113323004 A CN113323004 A CN 113323004A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/40—Foundations for dams across valleys or for dam constructions
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
- E02B7/02—Fixed barrages
- E02B7/04—Dams across valleys
- E02B7/06—Earth-fill dams; Rock-fill dams
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/005—Soil-conditioning by mixing with fibrous materials, filaments, open mesh or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/08—Improving by compacting by inserting stones or lost bodies, e.g. compaction piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/10—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0084—Geogrids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0085—Geotextiles
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Abstract
The invention discloses a reinforcing structure of a soft foundation of a concrete panel rock-fill dam and a construction method, wherein the reinforcing structure comprises a geogrid reinforced cushion layer, a geocell reinforced cushion layer and gravel piles which are arranged in a dam body; the top end of the gravel pile is wrapped and fixed with a composite geotextile, and the gravel pile extends into a soft foundation; the top layer of the soft foundation is dam body filler; the surface layer of the dam body filler is provided with a concrete panel, the bottom end of the concrete panel is connected with a concrete connecting plate, the bottom of the tail end of the concrete connecting plate is provided with a concrete impervious wall, the concrete impervious wall extends into a soft foundation, and the bottom of the concrete impervious wall is provided with an impervious curtain. The uneven settlement deformation of the earth and rockfill dam can be effectively controlled, the possibility of occurrence of foundation liquefaction is reduced, and the stability of the earth and rockfill dam is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to a soft foundation structure for reinforcing a concrete panel rock-fill dam and a construction method.
Background
The deep covering layer is widely distributed in southwest areas of China and has the characteristics of various causes, variable thickness, complex composition structure, large difference of engineering characteristics and the like. The construction of dams over deep overburden faces a number of problems, one of which is the settlement of the foundation and uneven settlement. In the construction of hydroelectric engineering, certain engineering technical measures are required to be adopted to carry out necessary treatment on the foundation so as to improve the bearing capacity and the deformation resistance of the foundation.
Currently, methods for reinforcing the foundation of a deep and thick covering layer include vibro-replacement gravel piles, consolidation grouting, underground continuous walls, open caisson, high-pressure jet grouting piles, and the like. In a deep covering layer foundation, sandy soil layers often appear, under the conditions of water saturation and external vibration force, the pore water pressure in the sandy soil layers rises to cause liquefaction and instability damage of soil bodies, and further large deformation or uneven settlement is caused. The geosynthetic material has the functions of reinforcement, seepage prevention, reverse filtration and the like, is simple and convenient to construct, green and environment-friendly, and economical in manufacturing cost, can play a good reinforcing effect by combining the geosynthetic material with the existing foundation treatment method, and can reduce uneven settlement deformation, however, the geosynthetic material is rarely used for reinforcing the foundation with a deep covering layer at present.
The invention provides a soft foundation treatment structure and a construction method of an earth-rock dam with vibro-replacement gravel piles and a rockfill body for reinforcement, the method is applied to the earth-rock dam with a gravel earth core wall, stainless steel bars or flat steel bars are adopted in a reinforcement area of the rockfill body, the reinforcement materials are easy to corrode and are difficult to be coordinated and deformed with the rockfill body, the reinforcement distance is set to be 0.5 m-1.0 m, so that the reinforcement body cannot fully play a role of a cushion layer, the stress diffusion effect is poor, and the acting force of a dam body filler on foundation soil cannot be effectively reduced.
The existing foundation reinforcing method cannot well control the uneven settlement deformation of the dam, and does not fully utilize the functions of reinforcement, reverse filtration and the like of the geosynthetic material. The gravel pile is independently adopted for foundation treatment, and under the condition of long-time drainage, pores among aggregates in the gravel pile body are easy to block, so that drainage consolidation of foundation soil is influenced, and the possibility of liquefaction of soil body is increased. In addition, at present, the deformation of the dam is mainly controlled to only carry out reinforcement treatment on the foundation, and corresponding measures are rarely taken from the angle of optimizing the stress applied to the foundation by the dam body.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soft foundation reinforcing structure of a concrete panel rock-fill dam and a construction method, which fully utilize the reinforcement and reverse filtration functions of a geosynthetic material, can effectively control the uneven settlement deformation of the rock-fill dam, reduce the possibility of occurrence of foundation liquefaction and improve the stability of the rock-fill dam.
In order to achieve the technical features, the invention is realized as follows: a reinforcing structure for a weak foundation of a concrete panel rock-fill dam comprises a geogrid reinforced cushion layer, a geocell reinforced cushion layer and gravel piles, wherein the geogrid reinforced cushion layer, the geocell reinforced cushion layer and the gravel piles are arranged in a dam body; the top end of the gravel pile is wrapped and fixed with a composite geotextile, and the gravel pile extends into a soft foundation; the top layer of the soft foundation is dam body filler; the surface layer of the dam body filler is provided with a concrete panel, the bottom end of the concrete panel is connected with a concrete connecting plate, the bottom of the tail end of the concrete connecting plate is provided with a concrete impervious wall, the concrete impervious wall extends into a soft foundation, and the bottom of the concrete impervious wall is provided with an impervious curtain.
The reinforcing material in the geogrid reinforcing cushion layer is a unidirectional geogrid, the tensile strength is determined during design calculation, broken stone fillers are filled among the unidirectional geogrids, the compactness of the broken stone fillers is greater than 95%, and the distance d between every two adjacent unidirectional geogrids is 0.3-0.4 m.
The geogrid reinforced cushion layer is located on the lower portion of the geogrid reinforced cushion layer, the height interval between the geogrid reinforced cushion layer and the geogrid reinforced cushion layer is 0.3-0.4 m, the geogrid reinforced cushion layer is composed of geogrid chambers and gravel fillers filled in the geogrid chambers, the gravel fillers are made of gravel pile body materials, and 1-3 layers of geogrid chambers are arranged.
The height h of each layer of geocell ranges from 200mm to 250 mm.
The top of the geocell reinforced cushion layer is paved with a composite geomembrane, and the bottom of the geocell reinforced cushion layer is paved with a composite geotextile layer.
The composite geomembrane and the composite geotextile layer consist of a geomembrane/geotextile and a bidirectional geogrid; the bidirectional geogrids are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the geomembrane/geotextile.
The top of the gravel pile is connected with the bottom of the geocell reinforced cushion layer, the length of the pile body of the gravel pile is the thickness of the soft soil foundation, the bottom of the gravel pile is in surface contact with the bedrock, the diameter of the pile body and the distance between the piles are determined by calculating the stability of the dam, the outer side of the upper part of the gravel pile is wrapped with a composite geotextile, and the wrapping depth is 10-15 m.
And the gravel piles and the geocell reinforced cushion layer are combined to form a drainage channel.
A construction method of a soft foundation reinforcing structure of a concrete panel rock-fill dam comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: during construction operation, the concrete impervious wall, the impervious curtain and the gravel pile are constructed simultaneously, the gravel pile is constructed in sequence according to the principle that the two sides are sequentially encrypted towards the middle, a pile hole is formed in a rotary hole forming mode, the bottom of the gravel pile is in contact with a foundation covering interface, and a composite geotextile matched with the diameter of the pile hole is manufactured in advance;
step two: placing the composite geotextile in a pile hole, filling broken stones, impacting and compacting to form a gravel pile, laying the composite geotextile layer on the surface of a foundation on which the gravel pile is formed, laying geocells, filling broken stone fillers, and laying a composite geomembrane on the geocell reinforced cushion layer;
step three: filling dam body fillers, rolling and compacting to the height of the geogrid reinforced cushion layer, paving a unidirectional geogrid and the filling dam body fillers according to the reinforcement distance d to form the geogrid reinforced cushion layer, and filling and compacting the dam according to the standard requirement;
step four: and pouring the concrete connecting plate and the concrete panel to form the concrete panel rock-fill dam.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the foundation treatment structure, the geogrid reinforced cushion layer and the geocell reinforced cushion layer are arranged, so that the strength and the rigidity of a dam body material are improved, and the overlying stress is subjected to stress diffusion as the cushion layer, so that the stress acting on foundation soil is reduced and more uniform.
2. The gravel pile and the geocell reinforced cushion layer are combined to form an effective drainage channel, so that drainage consolidation of foundation soil is facilitated, and the strength of the foundation soil is increased. The foundation treatment structure can effectively reduce the uneven settlement generated by the dam and is beneficial to the safety and stability of the dam.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a transverse sectional view of a reinforcing structure of a soft foundation of a concrete panel rock-fill dam according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is an enlarged view in transverse cross-section of a geocell reinforcing mat provided by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a transverse section of the geogrid reinforcement mat provided by the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a transverse cross-section of the composite geotextile/composite geomembrane provided in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure: 1-filling dam body; 2-concrete panels; 3-concrete connection plates; 4-concrete impervious wall; 5-an impervious curtain; 6-composite geotextile; 7-geogrid reinforcement cushion layer; 8-geotechnical grid reinforced cushion layer; 9-gravel piles; 10-soft foundation; 11-unidirectional geogrid; 12-a stone filler; 13-composite geomembrane; 14-a composite geotextile; 15-geocell; 16-a bi-directional geogrid; 17-geomembrane/geotextile; an 18-base coat interface.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-4, a soft foundation reinforcing structure of a concrete panel rock-fill dam comprises a geogrid reinforced cushion layer 7, a geocell reinforced cushion layer 8 and gravel piles 9 which are arranged inside a dam body; the top end of the gravel pile 9 is wrapped and fixed with a composite geotextile 6, and the gravel pile 9 extends into a soft foundation 10; the top layer of the soft foundation 10 is dam body filler 1; the surface layer of the dam body filler 1 is provided with a concrete panel 2, the bottom end of the concrete panel 2 is connected with a concrete connecting plate 3, the bottom of the tail end of the concrete connecting plate 3 is provided with a concrete impervious wall 4, the concrete impervious wall 4 extends into a soft foundation 10, and the bottom of the concrete impervious wall 4 is provided with an impervious curtain 5. By adopting the foundation reinforcing structure, the reinforcement and the reverse filtration of the geosynthetic material are fully utilized, the uneven settlement deformation of the earth-rock dam can be effectively controlled, the possibility of occurrence of foundation liquefaction is reduced, and the stability of the earth-rock dam is improved.
Furthermore, the reinforcing material in the geogrid reinforcing cushion layer 7 is unidirectional geogrids 11, the tensile strength is determined during design calculation, broken stone fillers 12 are filled between the unidirectional geogrids 11, the compactness of the broken stone fillers 12 is larger than 95%, and the distance d between every two adjacent unidirectional geogrids 11 is 0.3-0.4 m. The geogrid reinforced cushion layer 7 can increase the strength and modulus of the dam body material on one hand, and can play a role in stress diffusion on the other hand, so that the pressure applied to the foundation by the upper dam body material is reduced and uniformly distributed, and the deformation and uneven settlement of the dam body are reduced.
Further, geotechnique's check room adds muscle bed course 8 and is located geogrid and adds muscle bed course 7 lower part, and high interval 0.3~0.4m between the two, geotechnique's check room adds muscle bed course 8 and comprises geotechnique's check room 15 and the rubble filler 12 of packing in check indoor portion, and rubble filler 12 utilizes rubble pile body material, sets up 1~3 layers of geotechnique's check room 15. The geocell reinforced cushion layer 8 plays a role in stress diffusion on one hand and serves as a drainage channel on the other hand.
In addition, the pressure applied to the foundation by the upper dam body material can be further reduced and uniformly distributed through the superposition effect of the geogrid reinforced cushion layer and the geocell reinforced cushion layer, and the deformation and the uneven settlement of the dam body are reduced.
Furthermore, the height h of each layer of geocell 15 is 200 mm-250 mm.
Further, a composite geomembrane 13 is laid at the top of the geocell reinforced cushion layer 8, and a composite geotextile layer 14 is laid at the bottom of the geocell reinforced cushion layer 8.
Further, the composite geomembrane 13 and the composite geotextile layer 14 are composed of a geomembrane/geotextile 17 and a bidirectional geogrid 16; the bi-directional geogrids 16 are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the geomembrane/geotextile 17.
Further, gravel pile 9 top and geotechnique's check room add muscle bed course 8 bottoms and are connected, and gravel pile 9's pile body length is soft soil foundation 10's thickness, and gravel pile 9 bottom and bed rock surface contact, pile body diameter and stake interval are calculated by dam stability and are confirmed, and gravel pile upper portion outside parcel has compound geotextile, and the parcel depth is 10~15 m. Play the effect that adds the muscle and anti-straining through the parcel, increase the rigidity and the intensity of gravel pile on the one hand, on the other hand prevents that the fine particle soil body from getting into inside jam drainage channel of gravel pile.
Further, the gravel pile 9 and the geocell reinforcement mat layer 8 jointly form a drainage channel. The method is beneficial to the drainage and consolidation of the foundation soil, increases the strength of the foundation and reduces the possibility of liquefaction of the foundation.
Example 2:
a construction method of a soft foundation reinforcing structure of a concrete panel rock-fill dam comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: during construction operation, the concrete impervious wall 4, the impervious curtain 5 and the gravel pile 9 are constructed simultaneously, the gravel pile 9 is constructed in sequence according to the principle that two sides are sequentially encrypted towards the middle, a pile hole is formed in a rotary hole forming mode, the bottom of the gravel pile 9 is in contact with the foundation covering interface 18, and the composite geotextile 6 matched with the diameter of the pile hole is manufactured in advance;
step two: placing the composite geotextile 6 in a pile hole, filling broken stones, impacting and compacting to form a gravel pile 9, laying a composite geotextile layer 14 on the surface of a foundation for forming the gravel pile, laying geocells 15, filling broken stone fillers 12, and laying a composite geomembrane 13 on the geocell reinforced cushion layer 8;
step three: filling dam body fillers 1, rolling and compacting to the height of the geogrid reinforced cushion layer 7, paving one-way geogrids 11 and the filling dam body fillers 1 according to the reinforcement distance d to form the geogrid reinforced cushion layer 7, and filling and compacting the dam according to the standard requirement;
step four: and pouring the concrete connecting plate 3 and the concrete panel 2 to form the concrete panel rock-fill dam.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention makes full use of the reinforcement and reverse filtration functions of the geosynthetic material, and can lead the overlying pressure to generate stress diffusion by arranging the geogrid reinforcement cushion layer and the geocell reinforcement cushion layer in the dam filling body, and lead the stress applied to the foundation soil to be more uniform and smaller. Geotechnological check room adds the muscle bed course and is connected with the gravel pile, set up compound geotextile on middle and gravel pile upper portion between the two, not only can play the effect of anti-straining, prevent soil particle loss, can form drainage channel simultaneously, water in the ground can be discharged along geotechnological check room bed course, the consolidation takes place for the foundation soil, intensity increases, reduce the ground and take place the liquefied possibility, can effectively reduce the inhomogeneous settlement deformation that the dam produced through above-mentioned ground reinforced structure, the stability of dam is increased.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a concrete panel rock-fill dam soft foundation reinforced structure which characterized in that: the geogrid reinforced concrete dam comprises a geogrid reinforced cushion layer (7), a geocell reinforced cushion layer (8) and gravel piles (9), wherein the geogrid reinforced cushion layer, the geocell reinforced cushion layer and the gravel piles are arranged in a dam body; the top end of the gravel pile (9) is wrapped and fixed with a composite geotextile (6), and the gravel pile (9) extends into a soft foundation (10); the top layer of the soft foundation (10) is dam body filler (1); the surface layer of dam body filler (1) is provided with concrete panel (2), the bottom of concrete panel (2) links to each other with concrete connecting plate (3), the terminal bottom of concrete connecting plate (3) is provided with concrete impervious wall (4), concrete impervious wall (4) stretch into weak ground (10), the bottom of concrete impervious wall (4) is provided with impervious curtain (5).
2. The reinforcing structure for the soft foundation of the concrete panel rock-fill dam according to claim 1, wherein: the geogrid adds the reinforced material in the bed course (7) for one-way geogrid (11), and tensile strength confirms when the design calculates, packs rubble filler (12) between one-way geogrid (11), and the degree of compaction of rubble filler (12) is greater than 95%, and the interval d of adjacent one-way geogrid (11) is 0.3~0.4 m.
3. The reinforcing structure for the soft foundation of the concrete panel rock-fill dam according to claim 1, wherein: the geocell reinforced cushion layer (8) is located on the lower portion of the geogrid reinforced cushion layer (7), the height interval between the geocell reinforced cushion layer and the geogrid reinforced cushion layer is 0.3-0.4 m, the geocell reinforced cushion layer (8) is composed of geocell (15) and gravel filler (12) filled in the geocell, and the gravel filler (12) is made of gravel pile body materials and is provided with 1-3 layers of geocells (15).
4. The reinforcing structure for the soft foundation of the concrete panel rock-fill dam as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the height h of each layer of geocell (15) is 200 mm-250 mm.
5. The reinforcing structure for the soft foundation of the concrete panel rock-fill dam as claimed in claim 3, wherein: and a composite geomembrane (13) is laid at the top of the geocell reinforced cushion layer (8), and a composite geotextile layer (14) is laid at the bottom of the geocell reinforced cushion layer (8).
6. The reinforcing structure for the soft foundation of the concrete panel rock-fill dam according to claim 5, wherein: the composite geomembrane (13) and the composite geotextile layer (14) consist of a geomembrane/geotextile (17) and a bidirectional geogrid (16); the bidirectional geogrids (16) are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the geomembrane/geotextile (17).
7. The reinforcing structure for the soft foundation of the concrete panel rock-fill dam according to claim 1, wherein: gravel pile (9) top and geotechnique check room add muscle bed course (8) bottom and are connected, and the pile body length of gravel pile (9) is the thickness of soft soil foundation (10), and gravel pile (9) bottom and bedrock surface contact, pile body diameter and stake interval are calculated by dam stability and are confirmed, and gravel pile upper portion outside parcel has compound geotextile, and the parcel degree of depth is 10~15 m.
8. The reinforcing structure for the soft foundation of the concrete panel rock-fill dam as claimed in claim 7, wherein: and the gravel pile (9) and the geocell reinforced cushion layer (8) are combined to form a drainage channel.
9. The method for constructing a reinforcing structure of a soft foundation of a concrete panel rock-fill dam as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, which comprises the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: during construction operation, the concrete impervious wall (4), the impervious curtain (5) and the gravel pile (9) are constructed simultaneously, the gravel pile (9) is constructed sequentially according to the principle that two sides are sequentially encrypted towards the middle, a pile hole is formed in a rotary hole forming mode, the bottom of the gravel pile (9) is in contact with a foundation interface (18), and the composite geotextile (6) matched with the diameter of the pile hole is manufactured in advance;
step two: placing the composite geotextile (6) in a pile hole, filling broken stones, impacting and compacting to form a broken stone pile (9), laying a composite geotextile layer (14) on the surface of a foundation for forming the broken stone pile, laying a geocell (15), filling broken stone fillers (12), laying a composite geomembrane (13) on the geotextile layer, and forming a geocell reinforced cushion layer (8);
step three: filling dam body fillers (1), rolling and compacting to the height of the geogrid reinforced cushion layer (7), paving one-way geogrids (11) and the filling dam body fillers (1) according to the reinforcement distance d to form the geogrid reinforced cushion layer (7), and filling and compacting a dam according to the standard requirement;
step four: and pouring the concrete connecting plate (3) and the concrete panel (2) to form the concrete panel rock-fill dam.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110607696.4A CN113323004A (en) | 2021-06-01 | 2021-06-01 | Concrete panel rock-fill dam soft foundation reinforcing structure and construction method |
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| CN202110607696.4A CN113323004A (en) | 2021-06-01 | 2021-06-01 | Concrete panel rock-fill dam soft foundation reinforcing structure and construction method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115262292A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-11-01 | 西南交通大学 | Structure and construction method for preventing slurry pumping of ballastless track roadbed contact layer |
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| CN215441993U (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2022-01-07 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Concrete panel rock-fill dam soft foundation reinforcing structure |
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2021
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| CN201952698U (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2011-08-31 | 冯守中 | Roadbed structure reinforced by geotextile discrete material piles |
| WO2015044792A2 (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-02 | R.F.G. Trading Ltd. | Pavement systems with geocell and geogrid |
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| CN115262292A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-11-01 | 西南交通大学 | Structure and construction method for preventing slurry pumping of ballastless track roadbed contact layer |
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Application publication date: 20210831 |