CN113322946A

CN113322946A - Combined pile for foundation engineering

Info

Publication number: CN113322946A
Application number: CN202110642436.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 余剑英; 王国棉; 陈怀伟; 郑新萍; 张绍波; 林峰; 朱兵; 金曰震; 杨勇; 王亮
Original assignee: Zhejiang Darch Construction Group Co ltd; Zhejiang Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Co Ltd; Zhejiang University City College ZUCC
Current assignee: Zhejiang Darch Construction Group Co ltd; Zhejiang Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Co Ltd; Zhejiang University City College ZUCC
Priority date: 2021-06-09
Filing date: 2021-06-09
Publication date: 2021-08-31
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-09
Also published as: JP7029869B1; JP2022188734A; CN113322946B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of foundation piles, and particularly relates to a combined pile for foundation engineering, which comprises an upper pile pipe, a lower pile mechanism, conical heads and a pile fixing mechanism, wherein the conical heads convenient for inserting the lower pile mechanisms into a foundation are arranged at one ends of the lower pile mechanisms which are sequentially communicated, and the upper pile pipe which is larger in diameter and communicated with the lower pile mechanisms is arranged at the other end of the lower pile mechanisms; the invention can connect and insert a plurality of lower pile mechanisms into the foundation according to the depth of the foundation pile to be inserted into the foundation, and after the upper pile pipe and all the pile pipe are inserted into the foundation, the arc blocks in each lower pile mechanism protrude the outer cylindrical surface of the pile pipe by axially knocking the pile fixing mechanisms connected together, thereby ensuring that the foundation pile driven into the foundation cannot be loosened axially or circumferentially due to vibration and the like, and ensuring that the foundation pile is more stable.

Description

Combined pile for foundation engineering

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of foundation piles, and particularly relates to a combined pile for foundation engineering.

Background

The upper pile of the conventional foundation pile connected to the building is stressed more, requiring greater rigidity and bending resistance, and the lower pile of the conventional foundation pile is less in rigidity and bending resistance because it penetrates into the soil.

The diameter of the stepped foundation pile in the prior art is reduced along with the depth of the stepped foundation pile penetrating into a soil body, so that the requirements on rigidity and bending resistance of different parts of the foundation pile are met, and meanwhile, the production cost of the foundation pile is greatly saved. However, the conventional foundation pile has the following problems:

the foundation pile has smooth surface and small axial friction with soil body, and is easy to cause axial looseness caused by impact under the traction of high-frequency vibration.

In the piling process, the foundation pile can transversely extrude the surrounding piles due to the soil squeezing effect, so that the surrounding piles are extruded and float upwards, and the soil squeezing effect of the foundation pile can extrude the surrounding building foundation, so that potential safety hazards are generated to the building.

In the pile driving process, if pile driving errors are found and the traditional foundation pile needs to be pulled out of the soil body, the foundation pile is difficult to pull out.

The invention designs a combined pile for foundation engineering to solve the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a combined pile for foundation engineering, which is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention conventionally use, which are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, or be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

A kind of foundation engineering uses the composite pile, it includes upper pile pipe, lower pile mechanism, conical head, pile fixing mechanism, wherein link up the one end of several lower pile mechanisms that communicate sequentially and install the conical head convenient for it to insert into the foundation, another end installs the diameter and upper pile pipe communicating with it; each lower pile mechanism is matched with a pile fixing mechanism for fixing the lower pile mechanism in a foundation, and two adjacent pile fixing mechanisms are detachably connected.

The lower pile mechanism comprises a pile section pipe, an arc plate, a top block A, a spring A, an arc block, a top block B, a spring B, a baffle, a rotating shaft and a volute spring, wherein N groups of sliding chutes A and N groups of sliding chutes C which are axially and uniformly distributed at intervals are formed in the outer side wall of the pile section pipe, and the sliding chutes A and the sliding chutes C are axially in one-to-one correspondence and axially and alternately distributed; an arc plate slides in each sliding chute A along the diameter direction of the pile section pipe, and a top block A arranged on the concave arc surface of the arc plate slides in a sliding chute B which is arranged on the inner wall of the pile section pipe and communicated with the sliding chute A; two springs A for resetting the arc plate are symmetrically arranged on the arc plate; an arc block is arranged in each sliding chute C in a sliding mode along the diameter direction of the pile section pipe, and a top block B arranged on the concave arc surface of the arc block slides in a sliding chute D which is arranged on the inner wall of the pile section pipe and communicated with the sliding chute C; two springs B for resetting the arc block are symmetrically arranged on the arc block; two movable grooves C in one end of the pile section pipe are respectively provided with a baffle through a rotating shaft which is rotationally matched with the adapter pipe, and a space which allows one end of a corresponding pile fixing mechanism to pass through is arranged between the two baffles; the rotating shaft is nested with a volute spring which resets the corresponding baffle plate around the rotating shaft in a swinging way.

The pile fixing mechanism comprises a round rod, a plug, a limiting rod, springs C, a pressure spring ring B, springs D and a top block C, wherein N groups of top blocks C which correspond to the top blocks B one by one are axially and uniformly arranged on the round rod with the outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of a pile joint pipe at intervals, inclined planes D matched with the top blocks B are arranged at two ends of each top block C in the axial direction of the round rod, and inclined planes C matched with the top blocks A are arranged at two ends of each top block C in the circumferential direction of the round rod; one end of the round rod is provided with a square slot, and the other end of the round rod is provided with a square rod plug matched with the size of the slot; a pressure spring ring B connected with the end face of the round rod through a spring D is nested and slides on the plug; the compression spring ring B is matched with the two baffles in the corresponding pile section pipe; limiting rods respectively slide in two sliding grooves E which are formed in the inner walls of the slots and communicated with the outer sides of the round rods along the radial direction of the round rods, and springs C for resetting the limiting rods are nested on the limiting rods; the inclined plane B end of the limiting rod is matched with the limiting groove on the side wall of the plug.

As a further improvement of the technology, the outer side of one end of the upper pile pipe connected with the pile section pipe is provided with a ring groove A, the outer sides of two ends of the pile section pipe are respectively provided with a ring groove B, and the outer side of the conical head is provided with a ring groove E. The upper pile pipe is connected with the pile section pipe through two semi-ring sleeves fastened and buckled together by using bolts, and two ring protrusions on the inner wall of the semi-ring sleeves are respectively embedded into a ring groove A at one end of the upper pile pipe and a ring groove B at one end of the pile section pipe; two adjacent pile section pipes are connected through two semi-ring sleeves fastened and buckled together by using bolts, and two ring protrusions on the inner wall of each semi-ring sleeve are respectively embedded into the ring grooves B at the connecting ends of the two pile section pipes; the cone head is connected with the pile section pipe through two semi-ring sleeves fastened and buckled together through bolts, and two ring protrusions on the inner wall of the semi-ring sleeves are respectively embedded into a ring groove E on the cone head and a ring groove B at one end of the pile section pipe. The outer diameter of the half-ring sleeve is equal to that of the pile section pipe, so that the resistance of the pile section pipe inserted into the foundation is reduced.

As a further improvement of the technology, the inner wall of the chute A is symmetrically provided with two circular grooves A, and the inner wall of each circular groove A is provided with an accommodating groove A communicated with the inner wall of the pile-section pipe; each holding groove A is internally provided with a fixture block A, and each fixture block A is connected with a corresponding arc plate through a pre-stretched spring A; the spring A passes through the corresponding circular groove A; the inner wall of the chute C is symmetrically provided with two circular grooves B, and the inner wall of each circular groove B is provided with a containing groove B communicated with the inner wall of the pile section pipe; each holding groove B is internally provided with a fixture block B, and each fixture block B is connected with a corresponding arc block through a pre-stretched spring B; the spring B passes through the corresponding circular groove B.

As a further improvement of the technology, the rotating shaft is symmetrically provided with two volute springs which are respectively positioned in two annular grooves C on the pile section pipe; one end of the volute spring is connected with the rotating shaft, and the other end of the volute spring is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding annular groove C; the spring C and the spring D are both compression springs; the spring C is positioned in the annular groove D on the inner wall of the corresponding sliding groove E; one end of the spring C is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding annular groove D, and the other end of the spring C is connected with a pressure spring ring A arranged on the corresponding limiting rod.

As a further improvement of the technology, each chute E notch on the outer side wall of the round rod is provided with an unlocking groove communicated with the chute E; the non-inclined plane B end of the limiting rod is provided with a pull hole opposite to the corresponding limit releasing groove. The outer convex cambered surface end of every arc piece all has the inclined plane A with earth to the extrusion of pile tube coupling axis both ends direction, guarantee that the arc piece extrudees earth on every side to rather than adjacent two spout A at its outer cylinder in-process that is ejected out the pile tube coupling by kicking block C, the arc piece of outstanding pile tube coupling outer cylinder forms the restriction to the axial of lower part stake mechanism in the ground simultaneously with the earth that gets into in the spout A, keep its stability in the ground and can not lead to the foundation pile to become flexible because of reasons such as vibration. The outer side of one end of the upper pile pipe connected with the pile section pipe is provided with a conical surface which is convenient for the upper pile pipe to be inserted into a foundation; the end surface of the conical head is provided with a movable groove which is convenient for the movement of a plug on the pile fixing mechanism. The draw hole is convenient for manually draw the gag lever post a certain distance through the drag hook for the gag lever post is to the locking of inserting the plug in the slot and is relieved, and the unlocking groove provides the activity space for inserting the drag hook in the draw hole on the gag lever post.

Compared with the traditional foundation pile, the invention can connect and insert a plurality of lower pile mechanisms into the foundation according to the depth of the foundation pile to be inserted into the foundation, and after the upper pile pipe and all the pile pipe are inserted into the foundation, the arc blocks in each lower pile mechanism protrude out of the outer cylindrical surface of the pile pipe by axially knocking the pile fixing mechanisms which are connected together, thereby ensuring that the foundation pile driven into the foundation cannot be loosened axially or circumferentially due to vibration and the like, and ensuring that the foundation pile is more stable.

After the pile fixing mechanism is completely fixed on the foundation through the action of the pile fixing mechanism, the pile fixing mechanisms connected together are upwards extracted, concrete is injected into the hollow lower pile mechanism and the upper pile to form the stepped combined pile with the thick upper part and the thin lower part, and on the premise of meeting different strength requirements of different foundation depths on the axial direction of the foundation pile, the constructed foundation pile is ensured to save materials, and the production cost of the foundation pile is reduced. The invention has simple structure and better use effect.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of the engagement of the cone head and lower pile mechanism with the upper pile tube.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cone head and lower pile mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fitting of two adjacent lower pile mechanisms.

Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view of the upper pile tube and the lower pile mechanism.

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pile fixing mechanism and the top block a.

Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pile fixing mechanism and the top block B.

Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the matching of two adjacent pile fixing mechanisms.

Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the baffle, shaft and stub pipe from two perspectives.

Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bit.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the half collar.

Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the upper stake tube and its associated upper portion.

Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a lower pile mechanism and its associated components.

Figure 13 is a schematic view in partial section of a pile tube section and two parts thereof.

Figure 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of two views of the receiving groove C in the pile tube.

Fig. 15 is a schematic view of a pile-securing mechanism.

Figure 16 is a schematic view in partial section of a round bar and two parts thereof.

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of two views of the top block C.

Number designation in the figures: 1. an upper pile pipe; 2. a ring groove A; 3. a conical surface; 4. a lower pile mechanism; 5. pile section pipe; 6. a ring groove B; 7. a chute A; 8. a chute B; 9. a circular groove A; 10. accommodating the tank A; 11. a chute C; 12. a chute D; 13. a circular groove B; 14. accommodating the tank B; 15. accommodating a tank C; 16. a ring groove C; 17. an arc plate; 18. a top block A; 19. a spring A; 20. a clamping block A; 21. an arc block; 22. an inclined plane A; 23. a top block B; 24. a spring B; 25. a clamping block B; 26. a baffle plate; 27. a rotating shaft; 28. a volute spring; 29. a half-ring sleeve; 30. the ring is convex; 31. a pile fixing mechanism; 32. a round bar; 33. a slot; 34. a chute E; 35. a ring groove D; 36. unlocking the groove; 37. a plug; 38. a limiting groove; 39. a limiting rod; 40. a bevel B; 41. hole drawing; 42. a spring C; 43. a compression spring ring A; 44. a compression spring ring B; 45. a spring D; 46. a top block C; 47. a bevel D; 48. a bevel C; 49. a conical head; 50. a ring groove E; 51. a movable groove; 52. and (4) bolts.

Detailed Description

The drawings are schematic illustrations of the implementation of the present invention to facilitate understanding of the principles of structural operation. The specific product structure and the proportional size are determined according to the use environment and the conventional technology.

As shown in fig. 1, it comprises an upper pile pipe 1, a lower pile mechanism 4, a conical head 49, and a pile fixing mechanism 31, wherein as shown in fig. 2, 3, and 4, one end of a plurality of lower pile mechanisms 4 which are connected and communicated in sequence is provided with a conical head 49 which is convenient for inserting into the foundation, and the other end is provided with an upper pile pipe 1 which has a larger diameter and is communicated with the conical head 49; as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, each lower pile mechanism 4 is fitted with a pile fixing mechanism 31 for fixing it in the foundation, and two adjacent pile fixing mechanisms 31 are detachably connected.

As shown in fig. 12, the lower pile mechanism 4 includes a pile section tube 5, an arc plate 17, a top block a18, a spring a19, an arc block 21, a top block B23, a spring B24, a baffle 26, a rotating shaft 27, and a volute spring 28, wherein as shown in fig. 13, N sets of sliding grooves a7 and N sets of sliding grooves C11 are formed on the outer side wall of the pile section tube 5, and the sliding grooves a7 and the sliding grooves C11 are axially one-to-one corresponding and axially alternately distributed; as shown in fig. 5 and 13, an arc plate 17 slides in each slide groove a7 along the radial direction of the pile tube 5, and a top block a18 installed on the concave arc surface of the arc plate 17 slides in a slide groove B8 on the inner wall of the pile tube 5 and communicated with the slide groove a 7; two springs A19 for restoring the arc plate 17 are symmetrically arranged on the arc plate; as shown in fig. 6 and 13, each slide groove C11 has an arc block 21 sliding along the pile tube 5 in the radial direction, and a top block B23 installed on the concave arc surface of the arc block 21 slides in a slide groove D12 on the inner wall of the pile tube 5 and communicated with the slide groove C11; two springs B24 for restoring the arc block 21 are symmetrically arranged on the arc block; as shown in fig. 3, 8 and 14, baffles 26 are respectively installed in two movable grooves 51C in one end of the pile section pipe 5 through rotating shafts 27 which are rotatably matched with the adapter pipe, and a space which allows one end of the corresponding pile fixing mechanism 31 to pass through is formed between the two baffles 26; the rotating shaft 27 is nested with a volute spring 28 which can restore the corresponding baffle 26 to swing around the rotating shaft 27.

As shown in fig. 15, the pile fixing mechanism 31 includes a round bar 32, a plug 37, a limiting rod 39, a spring C42, a pressure spring ring B44, a spring D45, and a top block C46, wherein as shown in fig. 15, 16, and 17, N sets of top blocks C46 corresponding to the top blocks B23 one by one are axially and uniformly installed on the round bar 32 having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the pile tube 5 at intervals, two ends of the top block C46 in the axial direction of the round bar 32 are provided with inclined surfaces D47 engaged with the top blocks B23, and two ends of the top block C46 in the circumferential direction of the round bar 32 are provided with inclined surfaces C48 engaged with the top blocks a 18; one end of the round rod 32 is provided with a square slot 33, and the other end is provided with a square rod plug 37 matched with the size of the slot 33; as shown in fig. 3 and 15, a pressure spring ring B44 connected with the end face of the round rod 32 through a spring D45 is nested and slid on the plug 37; the compression spring ring B44 cooperates with two baffles 26 in the respective stub tube 5; as shown in fig. 7 and 16, the two slide grooves E34 on the inner wall of the slot 33 and communicated with the outer side of the round rod 32 respectively slide along the radial direction of the round rod 32 to form a limiting rod 39, and the limiting rod 39 is nested with a spring C42 for resetting the limiting rod 39; the inclined surface B40 end of the stopper rod 39 engages the stopper groove 38 on the side wall of the plug 37.

As shown in fig. 9, 11 and 13, the upper pile tube 1 has a circular groove a2 on the outer side of one end connected to the pile-segment tube 5, circular grooves B6 on the outer sides of both ends of the pile-segment tube 5, and a circular groove E50 on the outer side of the cone 49. As shown in fig. 4 and 10, the upper pile pipe 1 and the pile-section pipe 5 are connected by two half collars 29 fastened together by bolts 52, and two annular protrusions 30 on the inner wall of the half collar 29 are respectively embedded into an annular groove a2 at one end of the upper pile pipe 1 and an annular groove B6 at one end of the pile-section pipe 5; as shown in fig. 3 and 10, two adjacent pile section pipes 5 are connected by two half collars 29 fastened and fastened together by bolts 52, and two annular protrusions 30 on the inner walls of the half collars 29 are respectively embedded in the annular grooves B6 at the connecting ends of the two pile section pipes 5; as shown in fig. 2 and 10, the conical head 49 is connected with the stub pipe 5 through two half collars 29 fastened together by bolts 52, and two annular protrusions 30 on the inner wall of the half collars 29 are respectively embedded in an annular groove E50 on the conical head 49 and an annular groove B6 at one end of the stub pipe 5. The outer diameter of the half-ring sleeve 29 is equal to the outer diameter of the pile-section pipe 5, so that the resistance of the pile-section pipe 5 inserted into the foundation is reduced.

As shown in fig. 5 and 13, the inner wall of the sliding groove a7 is symmetrically provided with two circular grooves a9, and the inner wall of each circular groove a9 is provided with an accommodating groove a10 communicated with the inner wall of the pile-segment pipe 5; a fixture block A20 is arranged in each accommodating groove A10, and each fixture block A20 is connected with the corresponding arc plate 17 through a pre-stretched spring A19; the spring A19 passes through the corresponding circular groove A9; as shown in fig. 6 and 13, the inner wall of the chute C11 is symmetrically provided with two circular grooves B13, and the inner wall of each circular groove B13 is provided with a holding groove B14 communicated with the inner wall of the pile-segment pipe 5; a fixture block B25 is arranged in each accommodating groove B14, and each fixture block B25 is connected with the corresponding arc block 21 through a pre-stretched spring B24; the spring B24 passes through the corresponding circular slot B13.

As shown in fig. 8 and 14, two scroll springs 28 are symmetrically mounted on the rotating shaft 27, and the two scroll springs 28 are respectively located in two annular grooves C16 on the pipe stub 5; one end of the volute spring 28 is connected with the rotating shaft 27, and the other end of the volute spring is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding annular groove C16; both spring C42 and spring D45 are compression springs; the spring C42 is positioned in a ring groove D35 on the inner wall of the corresponding sliding groove E34; as shown in fig. 7, one end of the spring C42 is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding ring groove D35, and the other end is connected with a compressed spring ring a43 mounted on the corresponding stopper rod 39.

As shown in fig. 7 and 16, each notch of the sliding groove E34 on the outer side wall of the round bar 32 is provided with an unlocking groove 36 communicated with the sliding groove E34; the non-inclined surface B40 end of the limiting rod 39 is provided with a pulling hole 41 opposite to the corresponding limiting groove. As shown in fig. 2, the outward convex arc surface end of each arc block 21 is provided with an inclined surface a22 which extrudes soil towards the two ends of the axis of the pile section tube 5, so that the arc blocks 21 are ensured to extrude the surrounding soil into two adjacent sliding chutes a7 in the process that the arc blocks are ejected out of the outer cylindrical surface of the pile section tube 5 by the ejection blocks C46, the arc blocks 21 which protrude out of the outer cylindrical surface of the pile section tube 5 and the soil entering the sliding chutes a7 simultaneously limit the axial direction of the lower pile mechanism 4 in the foundation, and the stability of the lower pile mechanism in the foundation is maintained without causing the looseness of the foundation pile due to vibration and other reasons. As shown in fig. 4 and 11, the outer side of one end of the upper pile tube 1 connected with the pile-section tube 5 is provided with a conical surface 3 which is convenient for inserting the upper pile tube into the foundation; as shown in fig. 2 and 9, the end face of the conical head 49 is provided with a movable groove 51 for facilitating the movement of the plug 37 on the pile fixing mechanism 31. The pull hole 41 facilitates the manual pulling of the limit rod 39 for a certain distance by the pull hook, so that the lock of the plug 37 inserted into the slot 33 by the limit rod 39 is released, and the unlocking groove 36 provides a movable space for the pull hook inserted into the pull hole 41 on the limit rod 39.

The working process of the invention is as follows: in the initial state, the lower pile mechanism 4 is separated from the pile fixing mechanism 31. The arc plates 17 in the lower pile mechanism 4 are contracted in the corresponding slide grooves A7, so that the slide grooves A7 form grooves on the outer side of the pile section pipe 5, the arc blocks 21 form smoother filling on the slide grooves C11 on the outer side of the pile section pipe 5, and the arc blocks 21 do not protrude out of the outer side wall of the pile section pipe 5. Both spring A19 and spring B24 are in tension. Both top block a18 and top block B23 protrude from the inner wall of the stub tube 5. The two baffles 26 in the lower pile mechanism 4 are perpendicular to the central axis of the stub pipe 5 and the two volute springs 28 that reset each baffle 26 are in compression. The spring D45 in the pile fixing mechanism 31 is in a natural state, the inclined plane B40 end of the limiting rod 39 protrudes out of the inner wall of the corresponding slot 33, and the spring C42 is in a compressed state.

When the invention is used for piling and pile-forming, firstly, the required number of the lower pile mechanisms 4 is determined according to the depth of a foundation pile to be driven into a foundation, and after the number of the lower pile mechanisms 4 is determined, each lower pile mechanism 4 is inserted into and matched with the corresponding pile fixing mechanism 31 in sequence. The process of inserting the matched pile fixing mechanism 31 into the lower pile mechanism 4 is as follows:

the plug 37 end of the pile fixing mechanism 31 is inserted from one end of the pile section pipe 5 in the lower pile mechanism 4, and before the pile fixing mechanism 31 is inserted into the lower pile mechanism 4, the top block C46 on the round rod 32 is ensured to be axially opposite to a gap between two top blocks B23 or two top blocks A18 on the inner wall of the pile section pipe 5, so that the round rod 32 can be conveniently and smoothly inserted into the pile section pipe 5. When the non-spigot 37 end of the rod 32 is flush with the non-stop 26 end of the stub pipe 5, the spigot 37 of the rod 32 passes between two stops 26 in the stub pipe 5 and extends out of the stub pipe 5 by a certain length, and the length of the spigot 37 extending out of the stub pipe 5 is equal to the depth of the slot 33 at the other end of the rod 32. The compression spring ring B44 nested on the round rod 32 is pressed against the two baffles 26 on the inner wall of the pile-segment pipe 5, the spring D45 is further compressed to store energy, and the elastic force generated by the further compression of the spring D45 is balanced with the self weight of the pile fixing mechanism 31. At this time, the top block C46 on the round bar 32 is circumferentially opposed to the top block a18 protruding from the inner wall of the pile tube section 5, and the top block B23 is circumferentially opposed to the space between two axially adjacent top blocks C46.

Then, the round rods 32 of the pile fixing mechanism 31 are rotated by a wrench, the round rods 32 connected together rotate synchronously, the round rods 32 drive the top blocks C46 mounted on the round rods to rotate synchronously, the inclined planes C48 of the side walls of the top blocks C46 interact with the top blocks a18, the top blocks a18 are gradually pushed into the corresponding sliding grooves B8, the top blocks a18 drive the arc plates 17 to slide outwards from the sliding grooves a7, and the two springs a19 for resetting the arc blocks 21 are further stretched. When the end face of the top block C46 completely offsets with the end face of the top block A18, the top block A18 drives the arc plate 17 to slide outwards to the limit of the sliding groove A7, the arc plate 17 seals the corresponding sliding groove A7, and no pit is formed on the outer side wall of the pile section pipe 5, so that the surface of the lower pile mechanism 4 is smooth, and the insertion into a base is facilitated. At this time, the inclined surface D47 of the top block C46 axially faces the top block B23, and the installation of the pile fixing mechanism 31 into the lower pile mechanism 4 is completed.

Then, a conical head 49 is installed at the end of the baffle 26 of the pile tube 5 which is matched with the pile-fixing mechanism 31, the end of the baffle 26 of the pile tube 5 is butted with the conical head 49, the two half-rings 29 are nested in the ring groove E50 at one end of the conical head 49 and the ring groove B6 at one end of the pile tube 5, and the two half-rings 29 are fastened at the butted part of the conical head 49 and the pile tube 5 through bolts 52. The lower pile mechanism 4 provided with the conical head 49 is taken as the lowermost section of the entire foundation pile.

The lower pile mechanism 4 with the conical head 49 is inserted into the foundation by mechanically knocking one end of the pile tube 5 axially. When the upper end of the lower pile mechanism 4 provided with the conical head 49 is 20 centimeters away from the ground, the knocking is stopped, the new lower pile mechanism 4 matched with the pile fixing mechanism 31 is installed at the upper end of the lower pile mechanism 4 inserted into the foundation in a butt joint mode, and the butt joint and connection of the two pile section pipes 5 are the same as the installation and connection mode of the conical head 49 to one end of the pile section pipe 5. When the two lower pile mechanisms 4 are in butt joint connection, the butt joint connection of the two pile fixing mechanisms 31 is realized, and the mutual butt joint flow of the two pile fixing mechanisms 31 is as follows:

the square plug 37 at one end of the round rod 32 is inserted into the slot 33 which is already positioned at the upper end of the round rod 32 in the pile tube 5 in the foundation, and during the process of inserting the plug 37 into the slot 33, the plug 37 interacts with the inclined surfaces B40 of the two limiting rods 39 on the inner wall of the slot 33, so that the two limiting rods 39 in the slot 33 are contracted into the corresponding sliding grooves E34, and the spring C42 for resetting the limiting rods 39 is further compressed. When the plug 37 is inserted into the slot 33 at the limit position, the two limit grooves 38 on the side wall of the plug 37 are respectively opposite to the inclined surfaces B40 of the two limit rods 39 on the inner wall of the slot 33, and the two limit rods 39 are respectively inserted into the corresponding limit grooves 38 instantly under the reset action of the corresponding springs C42 and position the plug 37 inserted into the slot 33, so that the butt joint of the two pile fixing mechanisms 31 is completed.

After the new lower pile mechanism 4 and the lower pile mechanism 4 inserted into the ground are connected to each other, pile driving into the ground is still performed by knocking the upper ends of the pile nodes 5 in the lower pile mechanism 4, and the new lower pile mechanism 4 is continuously connected to the upper end of the lower pile mechanism 4 inserted into the ground in the above-described manner whenever the upper end of the newly connected lower pile mechanism 4 is spaced apart from the ground by 20 cm. The new lower pile mechanism 4 is connected, and the two pile fixing mechanisms 31 are connected by the connection mode of the round rod 32.

When all the lower pile mechanisms 4 are knocked and inserted into the foundation, the hollow upper pile pipe 1 with larger diameter needs to be connected and installed on the lower pile mechanism 4 at the uppermost end, and the installation and connection between the upper pile pipe 1 and the lower pile mechanisms 4 are the same as the mutual connection mode of the two lower pile mechanisms 4. After the upper pile pipe 1 is inserted into the foundation by knocking, a new pile fixing mechanism 31 is inserted into the upper pile pipe 1 and is in inserted connection with the pile fixing mechanism 31 below the upper pile pipe 1, and the connection mode of the pile fixing mechanism 31 is the same as the mutual connection mode of the two pile fixing mechanisms 31. When the pile fixing mechanism 31 inserted into the upper pile tube 1 is connected with the lower pile fixing mechanism 31, the upper end of the pile fixing mechanism 31 is higher than the upper end of the upper pile tube 1.

Then, vertically downwards knocking the upper ends of the pile fixing mechanisms 31 connected together, enabling the pile fixing mechanisms 31 connected together in sequence to synchronously vertically downwards move relative to the lower pile mechanism 4 and the upper pile pipe 1, enabling an inclined surface D47 of a top block C46 on a round rod 32 in each pile fixing mechanism 31 to interact with a corresponding top block B23, enabling the top block C46 to gradually press the top block B23 into a corresponding sliding groove D12, enabling the top block B23 to drive an arc block 21 to protrude out of the outer side wall of the pile section pipe 5 and be inserted into a foundation soil body, and further stretching two springs B24 for resetting the arc block 21. In the process of axial movement of the round rod 32 relative to the pile-segment tube 5, the top block C46 gradually disengages from the top block a18, and the top block a18 drives the corresponding arc plate 17 to gradually reset under the resetting action of the corresponding two springs a19, so that the sliding groove a7 where the arc plate 17 is located forms a pit on the outer side wall of the pile-segment tube 5.

When the end face of the top block C46 completely offsets the end face of the top block B23, the top block B23 drives the arc block 21 to move to the limit when being inserted into the soil body, two springs B24 connected with the arc block 21 are destroyed by violence and cannot reset the arc block 21, the top block C46 is completely separated from the top block A18, two inclined planes A22 on the top block B23 form a sharp corner to extrude the soil into a pit formed by two sliding grooves A7 which are adjacent to the soil in the axial direction, so that the pile section pipe 5 is more effectively fixed in the soil body, and the pile section pipe 5 is prevented from loosening in the axial direction or the circumferential direction under the influence of vibration. At this time, the pile fixing mechanism 31 is stopped being knocked, and the fixing of the foundation pile in the soil body is completed.

Then, the wrench rotates and reversely rotates the pile fixing mechanism 31, so that the round rod 32 drives the jacking block C46 to be circumferentially separated from the jacking block B23 and axially opposite to the space between the two jacking blocks a18, and the round rod 32 cannot be pulled out of the pile tube 5 in the axial direction. And (3) vertically pulling the lower pile mechanism 4 upwards by using a tool to connect the plurality of pile fixing mechanisms 31 together.

When the pile fixing mechanism 31 pulls out the lower pile mechanism 4, and the lower pile fixing mechanism 31 passes through the two baffles 26 in the upper lower pile mechanism 4, the pile fixing mechanism 31 will drive the two baffles 26 to swing upward around the corresponding rotating shaft 27 and will not block the pile fixing mechanism 31, and the two volute springs 28 corresponding to the baffles 26 are further compressed. When the part with the larger diameter of the pile fixing mechanism 31 is completely separated from the baffle 26, the two baffles 26 are instantaneously swung back and reset under the resetting action of the two corresponding vortex springs 28 respectively.

After the pile fixing mechanism 31 is completely pulled out from the lower pile mechanism 4, concrete is poured into the lower pile mechanism 4 which is inserted into the soil body and connected together and the upper pile tube 1 with larger diameter, and then pile driving forming of the foundation pile can be completed.

In the process of knocking and inserting the lower pile mechanism 4 into the soil body, the lower pile mechanism 4 has smaller diameter, so that the extrusion influence on peripheral foundation piles or a building foundation is smaller, and the looseness of adjacent foundation piles and the damage of the building foundation cannot be caused.

The lower pile mechanism 4 and the upper pile tube 1 form the ladder combined pile with thick upper part and thin lower part, so that the requirement of the traditional foundation pile that the upper part is stressed more and the lower part is stressed less is met, and the production cost of the foundation pile is effectively saved while the stress requirement is met.

The pile tube section 5 and the upper pile tube 1 are both made of steel.

In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, a plurality of lower pile mechanisms 4 can be connected and inserted into the foundation according to the depth of a foundation pile to be inserted into the foundation, after an upper pile tube 1 and all pile tube sections 5 are inserted into the foundation, the arc blocks 21 in each lower pile mechanism 4 are enabled to protrude out of the outer cylindrical surface of the pile tube sections 5 by axially knocking the pile fixing mechanisms 31 which are connected together, so that the foundation pile driven into the foundation is ensured not to be loosened axially or circumferentially due to vibration and the like, and the foundation pile is enabled to be more stable.

After the pile fixing mechanism 31 is completely fixed on the foundation, the pile fixing mechanism 31 connected together is upwards extracted, concrete is injected into the hollow lower pile mechanism 4 and the upper pile to form a stepped combined pile with a thick upper part and a thin lower part, and on the premise of meeting different strength requirements of different foundation depths on the axial direction of the foundation pile, the constructed foundation pile is ensured to save materials, and the production cost of the foundation pile is reduced.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a composite pile that foundation engineering used which characterized in that: the pile fixing device comprises an upper pile pipe, lower pile mechanisms, conical heads and pile fixing mechanisms, wherein the conical heads convenient for the lower pile mechanisms to be inserted into a foundation are arranged at one ends of the lower pile mechanisms which are sequentially communicated, and the upper pile pipe which is larger in diameter and communicated with the lower pile mechanisms is arranged at the other end of the lower pile mechanisms; each lower pile mechanism is matched with a pile fixing mechanism for fixing the lower pile mechanism in a foundation, and two adjacent pile fixing mechanisms are detachably connected;

the lower pile mechanism comprises a pile section pipe, an arc plate, a top block A, a spring A, an arc block, a top block B, a spring B, a baffle, a rotating shaft and a volute spring, wherein N groups of sliding chutes A and N groups of sliding chutes C which are axially and uniformly distributed at intervals are formed in the outer side wall of the pile section pipe, and the sliding chutes A and the sliding chutes C are axially in one-to-one correspondence and axially and alternately distributed; an arc plate slides in each sliding chute A along the diameter direction of the pile section pipe, and a top block A arranged on the concave arc surface of the arc plate slides in a sliding chute B which is arranged on the inner wall of the pile section pipe and communicated with the sliding chute A; two springs A for resetting the arc plate are symmetrically arranged on the arc plate; an arc block is arranged in each sliding chute C in a sliding mode along the diameter direction of the pile section pipe, and a top block B arranged on the concave arc surface of the arc block slides in a sliding chute D which is arranged on the inner wall of the pile section pipe and communicated with the sliding chute C; two springs B for resetting the arc block are symmetrically arranged on the arc block; two movable grooves C in one end of the pile section pipe are respectively provided with a baffle through a rotating shaft which is rotationally matched with the adapter pipe, and a space which allows one end of a corresponding pile fixing mechanism to pass through is arranged between the two baffles; the rotating shaft is nested with a volute spring for swinging and resetting the corresponding baffle around the rotating shaft;

2. A composite pile for foundation engineering according to claim 1, wherein: the outer side of one end of the upper pile pipe connected with the pile section pipe is provided with a ring groove A, the outer sides of two ends of the pile section pipe are respectively provided with a ring groove B, and the outer side of the conical head is provided with a ring groove E; the upper pile pipe is connected with the pile section pipe through two semi-ring sleeves fastened and buckled together by using bolts, and two ring protrusions on the inner wall of the semi-ring sleeves are respectively embedded into a ring groove A at one end of the upper pile pipe and a ring groove B at one end of the pile section pipe; two adjacent pile section pipes are connected through two semi-ring sleeves fastened and buckled together by using bolts, and two ring protrusions on the inner wall of each semi-ring sleeve are respectively embedded into the ring grooves B at the connecting ends of the two pile section pipes; the conical head is connected with the pile section pipe through two semi-ring sleeves fastened and buckled together by using bolts, and two annular protrusions on the inner wall of the semi-ring sleeves are respectively embedded into an annular groove E on the conical head and an annular groove B at one end of the pile section pipe; the outer diameter of the semi-ring sleeve is equal to that of the pile-joint pipe.

3. A composite pile for foundation engineering according to claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of the sliding chute A is symmetrically provided with two circular chutes A, and the inner wall of each circular chute A is provided with an accommodating groove A communicated with the inner wall of the pile section pipe; each holding groove A is internally provided with a fixture block A, and each fixture block A is connected with a corresponding arc plate through a pre-stretched spring A; the spring A passes through the corresponding circular groove A; the inner wall of the chute C is symmetrically provided with two circular grooves B, and the inner wall of each circular groove B is provided with a containing groove B communicated with the inner wall of the pile section pipe; each holding groove B is internally provided with a fixture block B, and each fixture block B is connected with a corresponding arc block through a pre-stretched spring B; the spring B passes through the corresponding circular groove B.

4. A composite pile for foundation engineering according to claim 1, wherein: two vortex springs are symmetrically arranged on the rotating shaft and are respectively positioned in two annular grooves C on the pile section pipe; one end of the volute spring is connected with the rotating shaft, and the other end of the volute spring is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding annular groove C; the spring C and the spring D are both compression springs; the spring C is positioned in the annular groove D on the inner wall of the corresponding sliding groove E; one end of the spring C is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding annular groove D, and the other end of the spring C is connected with a pressure spring ring A arranged on the corresponding limiting rod.

5. A composite pile for foundation engineering according to claim 1, wherein: each chute E notch on the outer side wall of the round rod is provided with an unlocking groove communicated with the chute E; the non-inclined plane B end of the limiting rod is provided with a pull hole opposite to the corresponding limit releasing groove; the convex arc end of each arc block is provided with an inclined plane A which extrudes soil towards the two ends of the axis of the pile tube; the outer side of one end of the upper pile pipe connected with the pile section pipe is provided with a conical surface which is convenient for the upper pile pipe to be inserted into a foundation; the end surface of the conical head is provided with a movable groove which is convenient for the movement of a plug on the pile fixing mechanism.