CN113321479A - 一种石膏板及其生产方法 - Google Patents

一种石膏板及其生产方法 Download PDF

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CN113321479A
CN113321479A CN202110613267.8A CN202110613267A CN113321479A CN 113321479 A CN113321479 A CN 113321479A CN 202110613267 A CN202110613267 A CN 202110613267A CN 113321479 A CN113321479 A CN 113321479A
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gypsum board
outer layer
parts
forming
gypsum
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朱冬冬
景磊
宋世恒
张贺
刘利龙
吴金龙
陈超
余翔
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Huainan Beixin Building Material Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明实施例公开一种石膏板，包括：板芯及包裹板芯的外层，板芯与外层一体成型并且板芯外层的密度大于所述板芯层的密度。

Description

一种石膏板及其生产方法
技术领域
本发明实施例涉及但不限于石膏板成产领域，更具体地，涉及一种石膏板及其生产方法。
背景技术
石膏属于气硬性胶凝材料，是以建筑石膏为主要原料制成的一种材料。它是一种重量轻、硬度较高、厚度较薄、加工方便以及隔音绝热和防火等性能较好的建筑材料，适合做轻质墙体材料，但石膏在遇火后释放出的水并由水转成的水蒸气无毒无害。因此，纸面石膏板被广泛应用于建筑物的隔墙、吊顶等。
石膏板单重普遍控制在6.5Kg/㎡以上(9.5mm厚石膏板)，单重较重，生产原材料消耗大，对应的能耗较高。随着石膏板的轻量化发展，现有生产工艺不能满足石膏板轻量化发展，石膏板单重越来越轻，造成产品的粘接差，从而导致产品使用寿命缩短，阻碍石膏板行业轻量化发展趋势。
发明内容
本发明实施例还提供一种石膏板及其生产方法，不仅轻质且硬度高，寿命长。
本发明实施例的石膏板，包括：板芯及包裹板芯的外层，板芯与外层一体成型并且板芯的密度大于所述外层的密度，
与现有技术相比，本发明实施例的石膏板的板芯采用生成后密封低的原料，外层采用生成后密度高的原料，不仅整体轻质且硬度高，寿命长，易于施工。
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述，并且，部分地从说明书中变得显而易见，或者通过实施本发明而了解。本发明的目的和其他优点可通过在说明书、权利要求书以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本发明技术方案的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本发明的实施例一起用于解释本发明的技术方案，并不构成对本发明技术方案的限制。
图1为本发明实施例的石膏板截面视图；
图2为本发明实施例的石膏板纵向断裂载荷走势图；
图3为本改进前的石膏板纵向断裂载荷走势图；
图4为本发明实施例的石膏板受潮挠度走势图；
图5为改进前的石膏板受潮挠度走势图；
图6为改进前的石膏板使用的石膏板生产设备示意图；
图7为本发明实施例的石膏板生成方法流程图。
具体实施方式
下文中将结合附图对本发明的实施例进行说明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
如图1所示，本发明实施例提供一种石膏板100，包括：板芯1及包裹板芯1的外层2，板芯1与外层2一体成型并且板芯1的密度大于外层2的密度。
在一个示例性实施例中，外层2的厚度范围：0.5-2mm，具体的可根据板芯1的厚度选择合适的外层2的厚度。一般的，外层2的厚度与板芯1的厚度比值范围为：0.1-0.2。本实施例的外层2厚度能够为石膏板提供合适的硬度及寿命。
在一个示例性实施例中，板芯1的密度范围：5-7Kg/m2；外层2的密封范围：7-10Kg/m2。本实施例的板芯1密度范围能够为外层2提供合适的硬度及寿命。
在一个示例性实施例中，板芯1包括的重量份的原料具有发泡剂，外层2包括的重量份的原料不具有发泡剂。
本发明实施例通过将石膏板的外层2的密度设置为大于板芯1的密度，从而板芯1可选择密度较大重量较轻的材质，外层2可选择密度较板芯1密度高的材质，从而能够增加石膏板板面和板边的密度，增加产品边部和面部的有效成分，改善产品的粘接问题，降低原材料单耗的同时，强化产品的整体硬度和安装稳定性，提升产品的使用寿命。
下面基于一个具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
本实施例中，板芯1采用石膏等料浆与发泡剂混合后制成，而外层2采用石膏等料浆且不添加发泡剂制成。例如，板芯1包括如下重量份的原料：脱硫石膏熟料50-60重量份、水35-40重量份、发泡剂0.02-0.03重量份、化学纤维0.02-0.03重量份、淀粉0.25-0.3重量份、减水剂0.15-0.25重量份以及缓凝剂0.01-0.02重量份、棚酸0.04-0.05重量份。外层2包括如下重量份的原料：脱硫石膏熟料50-60重量份、水35-40重量份、化学纤维0.02-0.03重量份、淀粉0.25-0.3重量份、减水剂0.15-0.25重量份以及缓凝剂0.01-0.02重量份、棚酸0.04-0.05。由于板芯1采用发泡剂故密度低，单位重量低；而外层2未采用发泡剂，故密度高，单位重量高。
将本实施例的石膏板和全部采用本实施例板芯1的重量份的原料制成的石膏板(下称“改进前的石膏板”)进行对比：
图2为本实施例的石膏板纵向断裂载荷走势图；图3为改进前的石膏板纵向断裂载荷走势图。由图2和图3对比可视，同样时间内，本实施例的石膏板承受纵向断裂载荷最高410N，最低375N，平均391.46N。改进前的石膏板承受纵向断裂载荷最高385N，最低365N，平均376.06N。由此可得本实施例的石膏板承受纵向断裂载荷较改进前的石膏板高，从而本实施例的石膏板硬度高。
图4为本实施例的石膏板受潮挠度走势图；图5为改进前的石膏板受潮挠度走势图。由图4和图5对比可视，同样时间内，本实施例的石膏板的受潮挠度最高3.4mm，最低2.8mm，平均3.02mm。改进前的石膏板受潮挠度最高4.8mm，最低3.8mm，平均4.19mm。由此可得本实施例的石膏板受潮挠度较改进前的石膏板低，从而本实施例的石膏板不易开裂和变形。
本发明实施例的石膏板的板芯1采用生成后密封低的原料，外层2采用生成后密度高的原料，不仅整体轻质且硬度高，寿命长，易于施工。
在一个示例性实施例中，如图6所示，石膏板还包括下纸31及上纸32，外层通过涂覆于下纸31和下纸32后与板芯1一体成型。本实施例的石膏板通过图6的石膏板生产设备生成，石膏板生产设备包括石膏板成型站A、设于石膏板成型站A上游的石膏板生产装置组件、及石膏板生产料制备装置300。石膏板生产装置组件包括至少一个设置成用于对向石膏板成型站A输送的石膏板下纸31涂布石膏板料浆的石膏板生产装置100，至少一个设置成用于对向石膏板成型站A输送的石膏板上纸32涂布石膏板料浆的石膏板生产装置100’。石膏板生产料制备装置300，用于存储石膏板料浆为石膏板生产装置100和石膏板生产装置100’提供形成外层2的原料，为石膏板成型站A提供形成板芯1的原料。
如图7所示，本发明实施例还提供一种石膏板生产方法，包括如下操作：
S1、在下纸31和上纸32涂覆形成外层2的原料；
S2、将已涂覆形成外层2原料的下纸31并与已涂覆形成外层2原料的上纸与形成板芯的原料一起成型出预定规格的石膏板湿料；
S3、将湿料进行凝固及烘干。
其中，形成板芯1的原料包括如下重量份：脱硫石膏熟料50-60重量份、水35-40重量份、发泡剂0.02-0.03重量份、化学纤维0.02-0.03重量份、淀粉0.25-0.3重量份、减水剂0.15-0.25重量份以及缓凝剂0.01-0.02重量份、棚酸0.04-0.05重量份。形成外层的原料包括如下重量份：脱硫石膏熟料50-60重量份、水35-40重量份、化学纤维0.02-0.03重量份、淀粉0.25-0.3重量份、减水剂0.15-0.25重量份以及缓凝剂0.01-0.02重量份、棚酸0.04-0.05。
在一个示例性实施例中，形成外层2的原料涂覆厚度范围：0.5-2mm，具体的可根据板芯1的厚度选择合适的外层2的厚度。一般的，形成外层2的原料涂覆厚度与形成板芯1的原料涂覆厚度比值范围为：0.1-0.2。
在一个示例性实施例中，板芯1的密度范围：5-7Kg/m2；外层2的密封范围：7-10Kg/m2。本实施例的板芯1密度范围能够为外层2提供合适的硬度及寿命。
示例性的，如图6所示，采用石膏板生产装置100在上纸31涂覆形成外层2的原料，采用石膏板生产装置100’在下纸42涂覆形成外层2的原料。将分别涂覆形成外层2的原料的上纸32和下纸31向石膏板成型站A输送，将形成板芯1的原料落到已涂覆形成外层2的原料的下纸31上并与已涂覆形成外层1的原料的上纸32一起挤压成型出预定规格的石膏板湿料；然后在凝固皮带上完成初凝、在输送辊道上完成终凝，经过定长切断机切成需要的长度，经横向机转向，转向后两张石膏板同时离开横向机，然后使用靠拢辊道使两张板材的间距达到要求后，经分配机进入干燥机干燥。采用锅炉提供蒸汽作为热源，蒸汽经过换热器换出热风后经风送机松露干燥机内部完成烘干。然后，经出板机送入横向系统，完成石膏板的定长切边、全自动包边，然后经过成品输送机送入自动堆垛机堆垛，然后使用叉车运送到打包区检验包装。
本发明实施例生产的石膏板不仅轻质且能够硬度高，寿命长，易于施工。
在本发明实施例中的描述中，术语“多个”指两个或更多个。在本发明实施例中的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“上”、“下”、“一侧”、“另一侧”、“一端”、“另一端”、“边”、“相对”、“四角”、“周边”、““口”字结构”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的结构具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“连接”、“直接连接”、“间接连接”、“固定连接”、“安装”、“装配”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；术语“安装”、“连接”、“固定连接”可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
虽然本发明所揭露的实施方式如上，但所述的内容仅为便于理解本发明而采用的实施方式，并非用以限定本发明。任何本发明所属领域内的技术人员，在不脱离本发明所揭露的精神和范围的前提下，可以在实施的形式及细节上进行任何的修改与变化，但本发明的专利保护范围，仍须以所附的权利要求书所界定为准。

Claims (10)

1.一种石膏板，其特征在于，包括：板芯及包裹所述板芯的外层，所述板芯与所述外层一体成型并且所述板芯的密度大于所述外层的密度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的石膏板，其特征在于：所述石膏板还包括上纸及下纸，所述外层通过涂覆于所述上纸和下纸后与所述板芯一体成型。
3.根据权利要求1所述的石膏板，其特征在于：所述外层的厚度范围0.5-2mm，所述外层的厚度与板芯的厚度比值范围为：0.1-0.2；所述板芯的密度范围：5-7Kg/m2；所述外层的密封范围：7-10Kg/m2。
4.根据权利要求1所述的石膏板，其特征在于：所述板芯包括的重量份的原料具有发泡剂，所述外层包括的重量份的原料不具有发泡剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的石膏板，其特征在于：所述板芯包括如下重量份的原料：脱硫石膏熟料50-60重量份、水35-40重量份、发泡剂0.02-0.03重量份、化学纤维0.02-0.03重量份、淀粉0.25-0.3重量份、减水剂0.15-0.25重量份以及缓凝剂0.01-0.02重量份、棚酸0.04-0.05重量份。
6.根据权利要求4所述的石膏板，其特征在于：所述外层包括如下重量份的原料：脱硫石膏熟料50-60重量份、水35-40重量份、化学纤维0.02-0.03重量份、淀粉0.25-0.3重量份、减水剂0.15-0.25重量份以及缓凝剂0.01-0.02重量份、棚酸0.04-0.05。
7.一种石膏板生产方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
在上纸和下纸涂覆形成外层的原料；
将已涂覆形成外层原料的下纸并与已涂覆形成外层原料的上纸与形成板芯的原料一起成型出预定规格的石膏板湿板；
将湿板进行凝固及烘干。
8.根据权利要求7所述的石膏板生产方法，其特征在于：所述形成板芯的原料包括如下重量份：脱硫石膏熟料50-60重量份、水35-40重量份、发泡剂0.02-0.03重量份、化学纤维0.02-0.03重量份、淀粉0.25-0.3重量份、减水剂0.15-0.25重量份以及缓凝剂0.01-0.02重量份、棚酸0.04-0.05重量份。
9.根据权利要求7所述的石膏板生产方法，其特征在于：所述形成板芯的原料包括如下重量份：脱硫石膏熟料50-60重量份、水35-40重量份、化学纤维0.02-0.03重量份、淀粉0.25-0.3重量份、减水剂0.15-0.25重量份以及缓凝剂0.01-0.02重量份、棚酸0.04-0.05。
10.根据权利要求7所述的石膏板生产方法，其特征在于：所述形成外层的原料涂覆厚度范围0.5-2mm，所述形成外层的原料涂覆厚度与形成板芯的原料涂覆厚度比值范围为：0.1-0.2。
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105272109A (zh) * 2015-10-26 2016-01-27 圣戈班石膏建材（常州）有限公司 板芯峰巢泡结构超轻质石膏板及其制备方法
CN106240080A (zh) * 2011-02-25 2016-12-21 美国石膏公司 低重量和密度的耐火石膏面板
CN107921736A (zh) * 2015-06-24 2018-04-17 美国石膏公司 复合石膏板及其相关方法
CN109133825A (zh) * 2017-06-28 2019-01-04 北新集团建材股份有限公司 一种硬边石膏板及其制备方法
CN110563423A (zh) * 2018-06-06 2019-12-13 淮南北新建材有限公司 一种纸面石膏板的制备方法及纸面石膏板

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106240080A (zh) * 2011-02-25 2016-12-21 美国石膏公司 低重量和密度的耐火石膏面板
CN107921736A (zh) * 2015-06-24 2018-04-17 美国石膏公司 复合石膏板及其相关方法
CN105272109A (zh) * 2015-10-26 2016-01-27 圣戈班石膏建材（常州）有限公司 板芯峰巢泡结构超轻质石膏板及其制备方法
CN109133825A (zh) * 2017-06-28 2019-01-04 北新集团建材股份有限公司 一种硬边石膏板及其制备方法
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