CN113315960A - LCOS chip resolution conversion method based on time color mixing - Google Patents
LCOS chip resolution conversion method based on time color mixing Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 101100325756 Arabidopsis thaliana BAM5 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
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- 101100476489 Rattus norvegicus Slc20a2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 101100328887 Caenorhabditis elegans col-34 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/64—Circuits for processing colour signals
- H04N9/646—Circuits for processing colour signals for image enhancement, e.g. vertical detail restoration, cross-colour elimination, contour correction, chrominance trapping filters
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/136277—Active matrix addressed cells formed on a semiconductor substrate, e.g. of silicon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/64—Circuits for processing colour signals
- H04N9/74—Circuits for processing colour signals for obtaining special effects
- H04N9/76—Circuits for processing colour signals for obtaining special effects for mixing of colour signals
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Abstract
The invention discloses a LCOS chip resolution conversion method based on time color mixing, which comprises the steps of firstly making an LCOS chip flow sheet without covering a color filter film, then decoding and converting an input VGA signal through an A/D module, then differentiating the VGA signal after decoding and converting into three frames of independent RGB signals through an FPGA, gradually sending the three frames of independent RGB signals to the LCOS chip according to a subfield driving time sequence, and finally synthesizing the differentiated frames into a high-resolution video signal; the invention can realize the conversion from the CF mode LCOS chip with lower resolution to the CS mode LCOS chip with higher resolution on the premise of not changing the prior production process flow, reduces the chip flow cost and the research and development risk, and has the advantages of high aperture opening ratio, high pixel resolution, good color reduction degree and high production yield.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid crystal display, time sequence color display and optical communication, and particularly relates to a LCOS chip resolution conversion method based on time color mixing.
Background
As shown in fig. 1, a CF mode LCOS chip (Color Filter Liquid Crystal on Silicon) is a Silicon-based Liquid Crystal coated with a CF layer of a Color Filter, the process is an early LCOS process for performing Color display based on a spatial Color mixing method, the Color mode is the same as that of a common TFT LCD, one pixel is composed of three sub-pixels, a white light source is used for backlight, and a CF layer is formed by covering a Color Filter on an aluminum reflective layer when a chip flow sheet is manufactured. Because the color filter filters light, at least two thirds of light efficiency is lost, and the actual display resolution of the LCOS chip adopting the CF mode is only one third of the original resolution of the display in consideration of the influences of the aperture ratio, the polarization effect and the like.
As shown in fig. 2, a CS mode LCOS (color Sequential Liquid Crystal on Silicon) is a currently used time sequence color LCOS, and is a color display mode based on a time color mixing method, and compared with the conventional spatial color mixing technology, the CS mode LCOS does not require a color filter, thereby avoiding the absorption of the color filter to light, and improving the light efficiency.
The parameter comparison results of the two in the same resolution mode are as follows:
| parameter(s) | RGB color filter (spatial color mixing) | Sequential color method (time color mixing) |
| Light efficiency | Is low in | Height of |
| Power consumption | Height of | Low (1/3) |
| Volume of space | Height of | Is low in |
| Liquid crystal material and process | Is low in | Height of |
| LCOS cost estimation | Height of | Is low in |
As can be seen from the comparison result, the LCOS chip manufactured based on the time-sequential color method has obvious advantages, but for manufacturers manufacturing the conventional CF mode LCOS chip, the conversion for manufacturing the CS mode chip means the increase of the cost and the increase of the research and development risks, so how to convert the CF mode LCOS chip with low resolution into the CS mode LCOS chip with high resolution is a problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a time-color-mixing-based LCOS chip resolution conversion method, which can realize the conversion from a CF mode LCOS chip with lower resolution to a CS mode LCOS chip with higher resolution on the premise of not changing the existing production process flow, reduce the chip flow cost, reduce the research and development risk, and ensure that the obtained chip has high aperture ratio, high pixel resolution, good color reduction degree and high production yield.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a LCOS chip resolution conversion method based on time color mixing comprises
S101: manufacturing a LCOS chip flow sheet; wherein, the LCOS aluminum reflecting layer is not covered with a color filter film;
s102: the method comprises the steps that an A/D module is used for decoding and converting an input VGA signal, and the decoding and converting comprise analog-to-digital conversion and distribution rate configuration;
s103: the VGA signal after decoding and transformation is divided into three frames of independent RGB signals through the FPGA;
s104: sequentially sending three frames of independent RGB signals to the LCOS chip according to the subfield driving time sequence;
s105: the differentiated frames are combined into a high-resolution video signal.
Further, the differentiating the VGA signals after decoding and transforming into three frames of separate RGB signals by the FPGA specifically includes:
scaling and cutting the input VGA signal and splicing;
dividing the spliced video signal into three frames of independent RGB signals, namely an R pixel signal, a G pixel signal and a B pixel signal;
three frames of separate RGB signals are stored respectively, so that the RGB signals can be called conveniently according to the subfield driving time sequence.
Further, after input VGA signals are subjected to scaling, cutting and splicing, pixel storage is carried out through the RAM, six RAMs are instantiated in the FPGA, the six RAMs respectively store odd-row R pixels, odd-row G pixels, odd-row B pixels, even-row R pixels, even-row G pixels and even-row B pixels of the RGB pixel array, and then pixel signals stored in the six RAMs are respectively stored in corresponding pixel areas of the two SDRAM through ping-pong operation.
Further, the frame frequency of the spliced video signal is 60 Hz.
Further, when three frames of independent RGB signals are sent to the LCOS chip one by one according to the subfield driving timing, each frame of data includes six RGB subfields including two R subfields, two G subfields, and two B subfields, and the driving circuit of the LCOS chip reads corresponding pixel information stored in the SDRAM according to the subfield driving timing and sends the corresponding pixel information to the LCOS chip to light the corresponding LED.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by reducing the color covering flow of the color filter film and matching with a circuit control method based on time color mixing, the existing CF mode LCOS chip processing equipment realizes the production supply of both CF and CS mode LCOS chips, reduces the chip flow cost, reduces the research and development risk, and has high chip aperture ratio, high pixel resolution, good color reduction degree and high production yield;
2. by reducing the covering process of the color filter film, a hardware basis is provided for manufacturing the time-mixed LCOS chip, the display resolution of the chip is improved by more than two times, one pollution process of a production process packaging section is reduced, the risk of polluting liquid crystal in the LCOS in the processing process of the CF layer is reduced, the production yield of the flow sheet is improved, and the production cost is reduced;
3. by generating a sub-field driving time sequence for driving the LCOS chip and calling and sending corresponding sub-field pixels according to the sub-field driving time sequence, the problem of flicker of a display picture is effectively solved, the imaging stability is ensured, and the imaging effect is improved;
4. by adopting ping-pong operation to store and call the sub-field data, when a frame of video signal is stored in the corresponding pixel region of the SDRAM, the processed data of the previous frame can be read from the other pixel region and sent to the LCOS chip, so that the continuity between the input data stream and the output data stream is ensured, the fast real-time dynamic display of the video signal is realized, and the dynamic display effect is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the imaging principle of the spatial color mixing method.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the imaging principle of the time-sequential color method.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a pixel arrangement of a CF-mode LCOS chip with RGB delta array.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a pixel arrangement of a CS-mode LCOS chip with RGB delta array.
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a hardware platform architecture for a chip control circuit;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the differentiation of video signals according to an embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of differentiated sub-field pixel arrays in an embodiment.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 3, the present invention comprises the steps of:
s101: manufacturing a LCOS chip flow sheet; wherein, the LCOS aluminum reflecting layer is not covered with a color filter film;
s102: the method comprises the steps that an A/D module is used for decoding and converting an input VGA signal, and the decoding and converting comprise analog-to-digital conversion and distribution rate configuration;
s103: the VGA signal after decoding and transformation is divided into three frames of independent RGB signals through the FPGA;
s104: sequentially sending three frames of independent RGB signals to the LCOS chip according to the subfield driving time sequence;
s105: the differentiated frames are combined into a high-resolution video signal.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
In this embodiment, a CF mode LCOS chip with a resolution of 320 × 240 is taken as an example for detailed description, and the specific flow is as follows:
s101: and manufacturing the LCOS chip flow sheet.
After the LCOS chip is finished, the LCOS chip in CF mode needs to cover the color filter film, and the LCOS chip in CS mode is removed from the process of covering the CF film.
In terms of the physical layer of the chip, the control principles of the two modes of chips are different, the chip circuits are the same, the packaging processes are the same, the chip manufacturing processes are partially different, the CF mode chip is formed by covering a layer of color filter film on the aluminum reflecting mirror surface of the chip, one process is added at the chip flow end, and the corresponding cost is increased. The CS mode is that no CF film covers the surface of the aluminum reflecting mirror, so that the chip manufacturing process is reduced, the CF layer is in the LCOS liquid crystal box, the CF layer covers the production process and is not in a clean environment, the CF film is required to be cleaned and disinfected during packaging, after the CF film is removed, a pollution process in the packaging process is reduced, the chip yield is increased, and the cost is correspondingly reduced.
As shown in fig. 4, in the RGB delta-shaped array 320 × 240 resolution pixel arrangement, one pixel in the CF-mode LCOS chip is composed of RGB sub-pixels, so that the effective pixels for displaying one frame of image are 320 rows and 240 lines, but the actual display pixels are 480 rows and 480 lines.
Since each pixel of the CS mode LCOS chip composed of RGB can be decomposed into three pixels, if the pixels of the CS mode LCOS chip are arranged according to the array shown in fig. 4, as shown in fig. 5, the actual display pixels are 480 rows and 480 columns.
S102: and decoding and converting the input VGA signal through the A/D module, wherein the decoding and converting comprise analog-to-digital conversion and distribution rate configuration.
The CF mode LCOS chip has the same circuit hardware platform but different backlight colors, the CF mode adopts white light as a backlight source, and the CS mode adopts RGB three-color light as the backlight source.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the VGA signals are converted into digital signals through the a/D module AD9883 after being input, meanwhile, the output resolution of the AD9883 module can be configured, and the AD9883 is configured to enable the AD9883 to output VGA signals with the resolution of 640 × 480, the VGA signal frame frequency is 60Hz, and the pixel clock is 25.175 MHz.
S103: and the VGA signal after decoding and transformation is differentiated into three frames of independent RGB signals through the FPGA.
The VGA signal is cut and scaled into 480 × 480 pixels composed of RGB signals through an FPGA module, the interior of the FPGA is instantiated with six RAMs from RAM1 to RAM6, and the six RAMs respectively store odd-row R pixels, odd-row G pixels, odd-row B pixels, even-row R pixels, even-row G pixels and even-row B pixels in the VGA signal. And respectively storing the pixel signals stored in the six RAMs into corresponding pixel areas of the two SDRAMs through ping-pong operation. The two SDRAMs do ping-pong operation, and each SDRAM stores 480 × 480 pixels of R pixels, G pixels and B pixels respectively. And reading R \ G \ B data in the SDRAM through the driving time sequence of the LCOS chip and outputting the R \ G \ B data to the LCOS chip.
Taking an R pixel as an example: the RAM1 stores odd rows of R pixels, the RAM4 stores even rows of R pixels, 480R pixels are stored each time, the RAM1 and the RAM4 perform ping-pong operation to store in an R pixel region of the SDRAM, that is, complete the storage of one frame of image, and the R pixel region of the SDRAM stores 480 × 480R pixels in total. The case of storing R pixels in the SDRAM is stored in the arrangement of 1R1, 2R1, 1R2, 2R2 … … 1R480, 2R480, and B pixels and G pixels are stored in the same manner as the R pixels. After the R pixel, the G pixel and the B pixel are stored in corresponding pixel areas, one frame of VGA signal is differentiated into three frames of independent RGB signals.
S104: three individual RGB signals are sequentially transmitted to the LCOS chip according to the subfield driving timing.
Each sampling clock outputs 3 pixels of 6 bits to the LCOS chip in parallel, and the output frame frequency is 60Hz, the RGB sub-field frequency is 120Hz, and the pixel clock is 43.2MHz through frequency multiplication. And when the R sub-field data is sent to the LCOS chip, the red LED is turned on, when the G sub-field data is sent, the green LED is turned on, and when the B sub-field data is sent, the blue LED is turned on.
The drive module of the LCOS chip generates a color time sequence for driving the LCOS chip, is mainly used for solving the problem of picture flicker, and improves the frame frequency from original 60Hz to 360Hz, each frame of image comprises six RGB sub-fields which are respectively two R sub-fields, two G sub-fields and two B sub-fields, and thus, the field frequency of the R sub-fields, the G sub-fields and the B sub-fields is 120 Hz.
When the output is an R sub-field, calling the pixels stored in the R area of the SDRAM, lighting the LED _ R, completing one field, and sending 480 × 480R pixels; when the output is G sub-field, calling the pixels stored in the G area of SDRAM, lighting LED _ G, completing one field, and sending 480 × 480G pixels; when the output is B sub-field, calling the pixel stored in the B area of SDRAM, lighting LED _ B, completing one field, and sending 480 × 480B pixels.
As shown in fig. 8, the 480 × 480-resolution RGB array is obtained by cutting the 604 × 480-resolution RGB image output from the VGA, and is finally differentiated into three independent RGB signals.
The 1 st pixel of the RGB array comprises 1R1, 1G1, and 1B1, the 2 nd pixel comprises 1R2, 1G2, and 1B2, and so on, up to the 480 th pixel. The differentiated independent RGB pixel signals are sent to the LCOS chip according to the subfield driving time sequence, and because the RGB three dot matrixes in the LCOS chip are simultaneously opened, the sent data are assigned as follows:
r sub-field: r is less than or equal to 1R 1; g is less than or equal to 2R 1; b is less than or equal to 1R 2;
g sub-field: r is less than or equal to 1G 1; g is less than or equal to 2G 1; b is less than or equal to 1G 2;
b sub-field: r is less than or equal to 1B 1; g is less than or equal to 2B 1; b is less than or equal to 1B 2.
S105: the differentiated frames are combined into a high-resolution video signal.
Independent R pixel, G pixel and B pixel are sent to LCOS chip and corresponding LED light source is lighted according to corresponding sub-field driving time sequence, and time sequence color display is realized through the cooperation of the backlight module and the liquid crystal display module, namely, the differentiated frames are synthesized into high-resolution display signals.
The invention realizes that the existing CF mode LCOS chip processing equipment gives consideration to the production supply of CF and CS two mode LCOS chips by reducing the color covering flow of the color filter film and matching with the circuit control method based on time color mixing, thereby reducing the chip flow cost and the research and development risk, and the invention has the advantages of high chip aperture ratio, high pixel resolution, good color reduction degree and high production yield.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A LCOS chip resolution conversion method based on time color mixing is characterized in that: comprises that
S101: manufacturing a LCOS chip flow sheet; wherein, the LCOS aluminum reflecting layer is not covered with a color filter film;
s102: the method comprises the steps that an A/D module is used for decoding and converting an input VGA signal, and the decoding and converting comprise analog-to-digital conversion and distribution rate configuration;
s103: the VGA signal after decoding and transformation is divided into three frames of independent RGB signals through the FPGA;
s104: sequentially sending three frames of independent RGB signals to the LCOS chip according to the subfield driving time sequence;
s105: the differentiated frames are combined into a high-resolution video signal.
2. The LCOS chip resolution converting method based on temporal color mixing of claim 1, wherein: the step of differentiating the VGA signal after decoding and conversion into three frames of independent RGB signals through the FPGA specifically comprises the following steps:
scaling and cutting the input VGA signal and splicing;
dividing the spliced video signal into three frames of independent RGB signals, namely an R pixel signal, a G pixel signal and a B pixel signal;
three frames of separate RGB signals are stored respectively, so that the RGB signals can be called conveniently according to the subfield driving time sequence.
3. The LCOS chip resolution converting method based on temporal color mixing as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the input VGA signal is subjected to zooming, cutting and splicing, then pixel storage is carried out through the RAM, six RAMs are instantiated in the FPGA, the six RAMs respectively store odd-row R pixels, odd-row G pixels, odd-row B pixels, even-row R pixels, even-row G pixels and even-row B pixels of the RGB pixel array, and then pixel signals stored in the six RAMs are respectively stored in corresponding pixel areas of the two SDRAM through ping-pong operation.
4. The LCOS chip resolution converting method based on temporal color mixing as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and the frame frequency of the spliced video signal is 60 Hz.
5. The LCOS chip resolution converting method based on temporal color mixing of claim 1, wherein: when three frames of independent RGB signals are sent to the LCOS chip one by one according to the subfield driving time sequence, each frame of data comprises six RGB subfields including two R subfields, two G subfields and two B subfields, and a driving circuit of the LCOS chip reads corresponding pixel information stored in an SDRAM according to the subfield driving time sequence and sends the corresponding pixel information to the LCOS chip to light a corresponding LED.
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2021
- 2021-05-14 CN CN202110531971.9A patent/CN113315960A/en active Pending
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