CN113315272B - Multi-output shaft type independent voltage-regulating variable frequency motor - Google Patents
Multi-output shaft type independent voltage-regulating variable frequency motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113315272B CN113315272B CN202110663366.7A CN202110663366A CN113315272B CN 113315272 B CN113315272 B CN 113315272B CN 202110663366 A CN202110663366 A CN 202110663366A CN 113315272 B CN113315272 B CN 113315272B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/01—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for shielding from electromagnetic fields, i.e. structural association with shields
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K13/00—Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation
- H02K13/003—Structural associations of slip-rings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-output shaft type independent voltage-regulating variable frequency motor which comprises N stator and rotor units which are sequentially nested, wherein each stator and rotor unit is provided with an output shaft; a voltage-regulating frequency-modulating device is connected in series between the armature windings of every two adjacent stator-rotor units, the armature winding inlet end of the first stator-rotor unit is connected with a driving power supply, and the armature winding inlet end of the ith stator-rotor unit is connected with the armature winding outlet end of the (i-1) th stator-rotor unit through a voltage-regulating frequency-modulating device; the armature winding outlet end of the Nth stator-rotor unit is in short circuit through a short circuit device, i belongs to [2, N ]; and the voltage and frequency regulating device is used for providing a corresponding driving power supply to an armature winding wire inlet end of the ith stator and rotor unit by utilizing the output voltage of the armature winding wire outlet end of the (i-1) th stator and rotor unit according to the frequency regulating instruction and/or the voltage regulating instruction so as to regulate the rotating speed of the output shaft of the ith stator and rotor unit and/or the voltage of the armature winding wire inlet end.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a variable-frequency speed-regulating motor, in particular to a multi-output shaft type independent voltage-regulating variable-frequency motor.
Background
In the winding structure of the motor, only one section of the winding placed in the slot can directly influence the output power of the motor, so that the effective length of the winding is called. In order to form a loop, a winding structure of a traditional motor needs to be provided with loop windings, the loop windings are usually required to be arranged across slots, and accordingly an overlong end winding of the motor is enabled to appear, the invalid length of the motor winding can be increased, and even can exceed the effective length, and a plurality of defects of the overlong end winding exist, the winding is low in utilization, end magnetic leakage is serious, end loss is overlarge, and the like. In applications requiring multiple (three or more) output shafts, multiple motors are usually required to work in coordination, which makes the above disadvantages more obvious and makes the motors occupy more volume. And when motor winding breaks down, because the air gap space is little, need extract the rotor usually, just can carry out the winding and change, all windings need replace, and the maintenance degree of difficulty greatly increased, and maintenance cycle is longer.
In order to solve the above problems, people always seek an ideal technical solution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a multi-output shaft type independent voltage-regulating variable frequency motor.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a multi-output shaft type independent voltage-regulating variable frequency motor comprises N stator and rotor units which are sequentially nested, wherein each stator and rotor unit is provided with an output shaft, and the output shafts of any two adjacent stator and rotor units are arranged on different sides of the motor;
a voltage-regulating frequency-modulating device is connected in series between the armature windings of every two adjacent stator-rotor units, the armature winding inlet end of the first stator-rotor unit is connected with a driving power supply, and the armature winding inlet end of the ith stator-rotor unit is connected with the armature winding outlet end of the (i-1) th stator-rotor unit through a voltage-regulating frequency-modulating device; the armature winding outlet end of the Nth stator-rotor unit is in short circuit through a short circuit device, i belongs to [2, N ];
and the voltage and frequency regulating device is used for providing a corresponding driving power supply to an armature winding wire inlet end of the ith stator and rotor unit by utilizing the output voltage of the armature winding wire outlet end of the (i-1) th stator and rotor unit according to the frequency regulating instruction and/or the voltage regulating instruction so as to regulate the rotating speed of the output shaft of the ith stator and rotor unit and/or the voltage of the armature winding wire inlet end.
Based on the above, the voltage-regulating frequency-modulating device comprises a voltage-regulating circuit and a frequency-modulating circuit which are connected in sequence,
the voltage regulating circuit comprises an alternating current-to-direct current circuit and a direct current voltage regulating circuit, wherein the alternating current-to-direct current circuit is connected with the armature winding outlet end of the i-1 th stator-rotor unit and is used for converting alternating current output by the armature winding outlet end of the i-1 st stator-rotor unit into direct current;
the direct current voltage regulating circuit is connected with the alternating current-to-direct current circuit and used for modulating the received direct current into target direct current voltage according to the voltage regulating instruction and outputting the target direct current voltage;
the frequency modulation circuit comprises a direct current-to-alternating current frequency modulation circuit, and the direct current-to-alternating current frequency modulation circuit is respectively connected with the direct current voltage regulation circuit and the armature winding inlet wire end of the ith stator and rotor unit, and is used for converting the received direct current into alternating current with target frequency according to the frequency modulation instruction and providing the alternating current with the target frequency to the armature winding inlet wire end of the ith stator and rotor unit.
Based on the above, the voltage regulating circuit further comprises a first gating unit, wherein a first terminal of the first gating unit is connected to an armature winding outlet terminal of the i-1 th stator and rotor unit, a second terminal of the first gating unit is connected to the direct current voltage regulating circuit through the alternating current to direct current circuit, and a third terminal of the first gating unit is directly connected to the direct current voltage regulating circuit; the first gating unit is connected and disconnected between different ends, so that alternating current is converted into direct current to be sent to the direct current voltage regulating circuit when the armature winding outlet end of the i-1 th stator-rotor unit outputs alternating current, or the direct current is directly sent to the direct current voltage regulating circuit when the armature winding of the i-1 th stator-rotor unit outputs direct current;
the frequency modulation circuit further comprises a second gating unit, wherein a first terminal of the second gating unit is connected with the direct current voltage regulating circuit, a second terminal of the second gating unit is connected with an armature winding incoming line end of the ith stator and rotor unit through the direct current-to-alternating current frequency modulation circuit, and a third terminal of the second gating unit is directly connected with an armature winding incoming line end of the ith stator and rotor unit;
the second gating unit is used for supplying alternating current with target frequency to the armature winding inlet wire end of the ith stator and rotor unit or supplying direct current to the armature winding inlet wire end of the ith stator and rotor unit through connection and disconnection between different ends.
Based on the above, the armature winding of the stator and rotor unit includes n straight-insertion slot conductors that are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and axially penetrate through the stator core, where n is an integral multiple of the phase number m, and each m straight-insertion slot conductors constitute a unit motor.
Based on the above, an interlayer transition driving ring is further arranged between the i-1 th stator-rotor unit and the i-th stator-rotor unit, the interlayer transition driving ring is provided with k first interface slots, k second interface slots and m mounting slots, the outlet end of the direct-insert slot conductor of the i-1 th stator-rotor unit is inserted into the first interface slot, and the inlet end of the direct-insert slot conductor of the i-th stator-rotor unit is inserted into the second interface slot; each mounting groove is internally provided with a phase voltage-regulating and frequency-modulating circuit, and different phase voltage-regulating and frequency-modulating circuits are arranged in different mounting grooves; the input end and the output end of the voltage-regulating frequency-modulating circuit are respectively connected with the wire outlet end of the direct-insert type slot conductor of the i-1 th stator-rotor unit and the wire inlet end of the direct-insert type slot conductor of the i-th stator-rotor unit which are in the same phase with the voltage-regulating frequency-modulating circuit.
Based on the above, the short-circuit device includes a conductive end ring provided with N slots, and an outlet terminal of the direct-insertion slot conductor of the nth stator-rotor unit is inserted into each slot.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has outstanding substantive characteristics and remarkable progress, particularly,
1. in the invention, the armature windings of the stator and rotor units of adjacent layers are connected in series, namely the outlet end of the armature winding of the stator of the upper layer is connected with the inlet end of the armature winding of the stator of the lower layer through the voltage-regulating frequency-modulating circuit, and the speed regulation and the independent regulation of the input voltage of the motor of the lower layer are realized through the voltage-regulating frequency-modulating circuit.
The voltage-regulating frequency-modulating circuit can realize the start-stop work of the stator and rotor units on any layer according to actual requirements, and can also realize the regulation of the maximum rotating speed of the ith stator and rotor unit through the direct-current voltage-regulating circuit.
Specifically, alternating current output by an outlet end of an armature winding of the i-1 th-level stator-rotor unit is connected with an alternating current-to-direct current circuit and then connected with a direct current voltage regulating circuit, so that voltage regulation and isolation of voltage of the i-1 th-level stator-rotor unit and voltage of the i-1 th-level stator-rotor unit are realized, and direct current voltage is increased/decreased, which is equivalent to increasing/decreasing direct current bus voltage of the i-level stator-rotor unit, so that the increase and decrease of the maximum rotating speed of the i-level stator-rotor unit are controlled;
in the frequency modulation link, the rotation speed of the ith stator and rotor unit is randomly adjusted within the highest rotation speed range according to the actual rotation speed requirement through a direct current-to-alternating current frequency modulation circuit;
compared with the existing multiple-motor independent control technology, the applied motor system has the advantages of smaller volume, higher integration level and better rotating speed regulation capability, and the existing multiple-motor independent control system can only work in a mode similar to a parallel circuit, and a driving power supply needs to provide large-current input. The applied motor system adjusts the voltage transformation ratio of the direct current voltage regulating circuit of each variable frequency driving end ring to be less than 1, so that the motor works in a mode similar to a series circuit, and the driving power supply only provides small current input current. When the voltage transformation ratio of the direct-current voltage regulating circuit of each variable-frequency driving end ring is larger than 1, the motor works in a mode similar to a parallel circuit mode, a driving power supply needs to provide larger current input current, but the maximum rotating speed of each layer of stator and rotor units is higher and the rotating speed regulating range is wider compared with the former. Therefore, the applied motor has wider application scenes.
2. The voltage-regulating frequency-modulating circuit also comprises a first gating unit and a second gating unit, wherein the outlet end of the armature winding of the i-1 th stage stator and rotor unit is connected with the first gating unit in the voltage-regulating frequency-modulating circuit, and if the voltage type of the outlet end is direct current voltage, the outlet end is directly connected to the direct current voltage-regulating circuit in the voltage-regulating circuit; if the voltage type of the outlet end is AC voltage, an AC-DC converter circuit needs to be accessed, and then a DC voltage regulating circuit needs to be accessed;
in the frequency modulation link, the direct current voltage enters a second gating unit, whether the ith stator and rotor unit works or not is judged according to requirements, if the ith stator and rotor unit works, the ith stator and rotor unit enters a direct current-to-alternating current frequency modulation circuit, and meanwhile, the rotation speed of the ith stator and rotor unit is randomly adjusted within the highest rotation speed range according to the actual rotation speed requirement; if the stator and rotor units do not work, the direct current voltage directly enters the slot conductor of the ith stator and rotor unit, and the direct current voltage is directly input to the (i + 1) th stage by means of the conductor path, so that the independent control of the start-stop work of the stator and rotor units on any layer is realized under the condition that the normal work of the stator and rotor units on other layers is not influenced.
3. Each layer of stator and rotor unit has a minimum slot number unit motor structure, namely the slot number of each power supply motor is equal to the phase number, so that compared with the traditional integral slot winding structure motor, more rotor magnetic poles can be arranged, and the direct-drive low-speed large-torque motor is more suitable for direct-drive low-speed large-torque application; compared with the traditional fractional slot single-layer and double-layer concentrated winding with the same slot pole number matching, the winding structure provided by the invention has higher winding coefficient, and because each slot of the winding structure provided by the invention only needs a single-phase conductor, the reliability of the winding structure provided by the invention is higher than that of the fractional slot double-layer concentrated winding structure with two-phase windings in each slot. The invention is therefore suitable for star-connected windings.
4. The number of the direct-insertion type slot conductors in each slot is 1, namely single-stranded conductors formed by winding or connecting a plurality of conductors in parallel are only arranged, and the shape of the slot conductors is in a laminating design with the stator slots, so that the slot filling rate can be improved to the maximum extent. Because the number of the direct-insertion type slot conductors of each slot is 1, turn-to-turn short circuit faults do not exist, the concept of turn number in the traditional winding does not exist, each phase of conductor is separated by the slot, and the probability of the turn-to-turn short circuit faults in the slot is greatly reduced; all the groove conductors are short-circuited by the tail end ring, so that no turn-to-turn short circuit fault or interphase short circuit fault exists at the end part, and the reliability is higher.
5. When a winding of a traditional motor fails, the winding can be replaced after a rotor is disassembled, and the replacement difficulty is high, particularly for an annular winding structure and a multi-layer stator-rotor motor structure, the winding disassembly difficulty is high; the direct insertion type slot conductors of the stator and rotor unit are arranged in the stator slots, the interlayer variable frequency drive end rings or the conductive end rings of the stator in an insertion type design, the arrangement mode is simple, and the conductors can be directly pulled out and replaced by new conductors to be inserted when the failed direct insertion type slot conductors are replaced.
6. The invention does not need extra mechanical equipment and traditional double-set winding arranged by crossing slot jumper wires, greatly reduces the material consumption of the end part of the winding, the length of the end part and the volume of the motor, and can further improve the utilization rate of the winding; the motor structure provided by the invention can solve the problems of overlarge end loss, serious end magnetic leakage and the like caused by overlong end of the traditional motor winding structure.
7. When the first layer of stator and rotor in the structure of the invention is in an inner rotor structure, the magnetism isolating ring is arranged between the first layer of stator core and the second layer of stator core, so that the magnetism paths of the two stator and rotor of the motor can be isolated, and the magnetism paths of the first layer of stator and rotor of the second layer of the motor are not interfered with each other. When the stator and rotor structures of each layer adopt an outer rotor structure, the magnetic paths of the stator and rotor of each layer are isolated by natural magnetic paths. Therefore, the structure of the invention can realize independent control of different frequency operation of different layers of rotors through the interlayer switching driving ring with independent end part, thereby realizing independent operation of different rotating speeds of each layer of rotor of the motor, namely single-motor multilayer rotor different speed regulation output.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the interlayer adapter drive ring of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a cross-section of a conductive end ring of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a wiring diagram of a motor conductor of embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a time-dependent change of the current of each phase of the A, B and C three-phase slot conductors in the current-carrying state.
Fig. 9 is a diagram showing the variation of magnetic lines of force inside the motor according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.
In the figure, 1. rotor; 2. a stator core; 3. a direct insertion slot conductor; 4. a magnetism isolating ring; 5. a conductive end ring; 6. interlayer transfer driving ring; 7. a first interface slot; 8. a second interface slot; 9. mounting grooves; 10. a card slot; 11. and an output shaft.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the following embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a multi-output shaft type variable-frequency variable-voltage speed regulating motor, which comprises N stator and rotor units which are sequentially nested, wherein each stator and rotor unit is provided with an output shaft 11, and the output shafts 11 of any two adjacent stator and rotor units are arranged on different sides of the motor; preferably, in the embodiment, the stator and rotor units are sequenced from inside to inside, the innermost stator and rotor unit is the 1 st stator and rotor unit, and the outermost stator and rotor unit is the Nth stator and rotor unit;
a voltage-regulating frequency-modulating device is connected in series between the armature windings of every two adjacent stator-rotor units, the armature winding inlet end of the first stator-rotor unit is connected with a driving power supply, and the armature winding inlet end of the ith stator-rotor unit is connected with the armature winding outlet end of the (i-1) th stator-rotor unit through a voltage-regulating frequency-modulating device; the armature winding outlet end of the Nth stator-rotor unit is in short circuit through a short circuit device, i belongs to [2, N ];
and the voltage and frequency regulating device is used for providing a corresponding driving power supply to an armature winding wire inlet end of the ith stator and rotor unit by utilizing the output voltage of the armature winding wire outlet end of the (i-1) th stator and rotor unit according to the frequency regulating instruction and/or the voltage regulating instruction so as to regulate the rotating speed of the output shaft 11 of the ith stator and rotor unit and/or the current of the armature winding wire inlet end.
In practical implementation, as shown in fig. 1, the voltage-regulating frequency-modulating device includes a voltage-regulating circuit and a frequency-modulating circuit connected in sequence,
the voltage regulating circuit comprises an alternating current-to-direct current circuit and a direct current voltage regulating circuit, wherein the alternating current-to-direct current circuit is connected with the armature winding outlet end of the i-1 th stator-rotor unit and is used for converting alternating current output by the armature winding outlet end of the i-1 st stator-rotor unit into direct current;
the direct current voltage regulating circuit is connected with the alternating current-to-direct current circuit and used for modulating the received direct current into target direct current voltage according to the voltage regulating instruction and outputting the target direct current voltage;
the frequency modulation circuit comprises a direct current-to-alternating current frequency modulation circuit, and the direct current-to-alternating current frequency modulation circuit is respectively connected with the direct current voltage regulation circuit and the armature winding inlet wire end of the ith stator and rotor unit, and is used for converting the received direct current into alternating current with target frequency according to the frequency modulation instruction and providing the alternating current with the target frequency to the armature winding inlet wire end of the ith stator and rotor unit.
The working process of the embodiment is as follows:
when the amplitude of the DC bus voltage of the driving power supply of the ith stator and rotor unit is required to be adjusted, the AC output from the outlet end of the armature winding of the (i-1) th stator and rotor unit is firstly sent to the AC-DC converter circuit and then sent to the DC voltage regulator circuit, the DC output voltage is adjusted according to requirements, the purpose of changing the DC bus voltage of the ith stator and rotor unit is achieved, and therefore the amplitude of the AC output voltage is changed.
Further, to adjust the output rotation speed of the ith stator and rotor unit, the dc output voltage output by the dc voltage regulating circuit needs to be sent to the dc-to-ac frequency modulation circuit, and the dc-to-ac frequency modulation circuit outputs a voltage with a corresponding frequency according to the rotation speed requirement to enter the line inlet end of the armature winding of the ith stator and rotor unit, so as to change the output rotation speed of the ith stator and rotor unit.
It will be appreciated that the drive power amplitude and frequency of each stator-rotor unit can be controlled individually. Specifically, the armature windings of the stator and rotor units of adjacent layers are connected in series, namely the outlet end of the armature winding of the stator of the upper layer is connected with the inlet end of the armature winding of the stator of the lower layer through a voltage-regulating frequency-modulating circuit, and the maximum rotating speed of the motor of the lower layer is regulated through the voltage-regulating frequency-modulating circuit.
Specifically, alternating current output by an outlet end of an armature winding of the i-1 th-stage stator-rotor unit is connected with an alternating current-to-direct current circuit, and then is connected with a direct current voltage regulating circuit, so that voltage regulation and isolation of voltage of the i-1 th-stage stator-rotor unit from voltage of the i-1 th-stage stator-rotor unit are realized, and direct current voltage is increased/decreased, which is equivalent to increasing/decreasing direct current bus voltage of the i-th-stage stator-rotor unit; in the frequency modulation link, the rotation speed of the ith stator and rotor unit is randomly adjusted within the highest rotation speed range according to the actual rotation speed requirement through a direct current-to-alternating current frequency modulation circuit.
Compared with the existing multiple-motor independent control technology, the applied motor system has the advantages of smaller volume, higher integration level and better rotating speed regulation capability, and the existing multiple-motor independent control system can only work in a mode similar to a parallel circuit, and a driving power supply needs to provide large-current input. The applied motor system adjusts the voltage transformation ratio of the direct current voltage regulating circuit of each variable frequency driving end ring to be less than 1, so that the motor works in a mode similar to a series circuit, and the driving power supply only provides small current input current. When the voltage transformation ratio of the direct-current voltage regulating circuit of each variable-frequency driving end ring is larger than 1, the motor works in a mode similar to a parallel circuit mode, a driving power supply needs to provide larger current input current, but the maximum rotating speed of each layer of stator and rotor units is higher and the rotating speed regulating range is wider compared with the former. Therefore, the applied motor has wider application scenes.
Example 2
This example differs from example 1 in that: as shown in fig. 2, the voltage regulating circuit further includes a first gating unit, a first terminal of the first gating unit is connected to an armature winding outlet terminal of the i-1 th stator-rotor unit, a second terminal of the first gating unit is connected to the dc voltage regulating circuit through the ac-to-dc converter circuit, and a third terminal of the first gating unit is directly connected to the dc voltage regulating circuit; the first gating unit realizes that alternating current is changed into direct current to be sent to the direct current voltage regulating circuit when the armature winding outlet end of the i-1 th stator-rotor unit outputs alternating current through connection and disconnection between different ends, or the direct current is directly sent to the direct current voltage regulating circuit when the armature winding of the i-1 th stator-rotor unit outputs direct current;
the frequency modulation circuit further comprises a second gating unit, wherein a first terminal of the second gating unit is connected with the direct current voltage regulating circuit, a second terminal of the second gating unit is connected with an armature winding incoming line end of the ith stator and rotor unit through the direct current-to-alternating current frequency modulation circuit, and a third terminal of the second gating unit is directly connected with an armature winding incoming line end of the ith stator and rotor unit;
the second gating unit is used for supplying alternating current with target frequency to the armature winding inlet wire end of the ith stator and rotor unit or supplying direct current to the armature winding inlet wire end of the ith stator and rotor unit through connection and disconnection between different ends.
The first gating unit and the second gating unit, the alternating current to direct current, the direct current voltage regulating circuit and the direct current to alternating current frequency modulation circuit are all controlled by the same control chip.
The working process of the embodiment is as follows:
in the voltage regulating link, the outlet end of the armature winding of the i-1 th level stator-rotor unit is connected with a first gating unit in the voltage regulating and frequency modulating circuit, and if the voltage type of the outlet end is direct current voltage, the outlet end is directly connected to the direct current voltage regulating circuit in the voltage regulating circuit; if the voltage type of the outlet end is AC voltage, an AC-DC converter circuit needs to be accessed, and then a DC voltage regulating circuit needs to be accessed;
in the frequency modulation link, the direct current voltage enters a second gating unit, whether the ith stator and rotor unit works or not is judged according to requirements, if the ith stator and rotor unit works, the ith stator and rotor unit enters a direct current-to-alternating current frequency modulation circuit, and meanwhile, the rotation speed of the ith stator and rotor unit is randomly adjusted within the highest rotation speed range according to the actual rotation speed requirement; if the stator and rotor unit does not work, the direct current voltage directly enters the slot conductor of the ith stator and rotor unit, and the direct current voltage is directly input to the (i + 1) th stage by means of the conductor path, so that the independent control of the start-stop operation of the stator and rotor unit of any layer is realized under the condition that the normal operation of the stator and rotor unit 1 of other layers is not influenced.
It can be understood that the voltage-regulating frequency-modulating circuit can realize the start-stop work of the stator-rotor unit of any layer according to actual requirements.
Specifically, when the armature winding of the i-1 th stator-rotor unit is electrified with alternating current, the i-1 th stator-rotor unit is in a working state, and the output voltage of the i-1 th stator-rotor unit is also alternating current;
at this time, if it is desired to control the i-th stator-rotor unit to work and adjust the amplitude of the dc bus voltage of the driving power supply of the i-th stator-rotor unit, the i-th stator-rotor unit needs to enter the ac-to-dc converter circuit through the first output terminal of the first gating unit and then enter the first input terminal of the dc voltage regulator circuit, and the dc output voltage is adjusted according to the requirement, so as to achieve the purpose of changing the dc bus voltage of the i-th stator-rotor unit, thereby changing the amplitude of the ac output voltage.
Furthermore, if the output rotating speed of the ith stator and rotor unit is required to be adjusted, the voltage enters the direct current-to-alternating current frequency modulation circuit through the first output end of the second gating unit, and the voltage with the corresponding frequency is output to enter the groove conductor of the ith stator and rotor unit according to the rotating speed requirement, so that the output rotating speed of the ith stator and rotor unit is changed.
If the ith stator and rotor unit is controlled not to work, the direct current power supply is directly input to the armature winding of the ith stator and rotor unit through the second output end of the second gating unit, so that the ith stator and rotor unit does not work, and the armature winding of the ith stator and rotor unit only serves as one conductor.
When the armature winding of the (i-1) th stator-rotor unit is electrified with direct current, the (i-1) th stator-rotor unit does not work, the armature winding of the stator-rotor unit only serves as a conductor, and the output of the stator-rotor unit is also direct current;
at this time, if the ith stator and rotor unit is controlled to work and the amplitude of the direct current bus voltage of the driving power supply of the ith stator and rotor unit is adjusted, the direct current bus voltage enters the second input end of the direct current voltage regulating circuit through the second output end of the first gating unit and is adjusted according to requirements, the purpose of changing the direct current bus voltage of the ith stator and rotor unit is achieved, and therefore the amplitude of the alternating current output voltage of the ith stator and rotor unit is changed. The voltage of the direct current bus directly determines the maximum rotation speed of the ith stator and rotor unit.
Furthermore, if the output rotating speed of the ith stator and rotor unit is required to be adjusted, the voltage enters the direct current-to-alternating current frequency modulation circuit through the first output end of the second gating unit, and the voltage with the corresponding frequency is output to enter the groove conductor of the ith stator and rotor unit according to the rotating speed requirement, so that the output rotating speed of the ith stator and rotor unit is changed.
If the ith stator and rotor unit is controlled not to work, the direct current power supply is directly input to the armature winding of the ith stator and rotor unit through the second output end of the second gating unit, so that the ith stator and rotor unit does not work, and the armature winding of the ith stator and rotor unit only serves as one conductor.
In addition, each layer of stator windings connected in series in the motor structure is used as an armature conductor of the layer of stator and a transmission lead of the next-stage stator, as shown in fig. 2. Constant direct-current voltage is directly input to the ith stator and rotor unit by means of the slot conductor path of the (i-1) th stator and rotor unit, so that the normal operation of the motor of the next layer can be realized under the condition that the motor of the previous layer does not work.
Example 3
This example differs from example 1 or 2 in that: as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the innermost stator-rotor unit is an inner rotor outer stator structure, and the remaining stator-rotor units are outer rotor inner stator structures; and a magnetism isolating ring 4 is embedded between the stator and rotor unit at the innermost layer and the adjacent stator and rotor unit.
The stator and rotor 1 magnetic circuits of the inner stator and rotor unit and the outer stator and rotor unit can be isolated through the magnetism isolating ring 4, so that the stator and rotor 1 magnetic circuits of the two layers of stator and rotor units of the motor are not interfered with each other, and further, the independent control of different operating frequencies of the rotors 1 on different layers can be realized through the independent interlayer conductor switching variable frequency driving end rings arranged on the end parts, so that the independent operation of different rotating speeds of the rotors 1 on each layer of the motor is realized, namely the different-speed regulation output of the multi-layer rotor 1 of the single motor.
In specific implementation, the rotor 1 of the stator-rotor unit is one of an induction rotor 1, a reluctance rotor 1 and a permanent magnet rotor 1. The output shaft 11 of the stator-rotor unit is provided on the rotor 1.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the armature winding of the stator/rotor unit includes n straight slot conductors 3 that are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and axially penetrate through the stator core 2, where n is an integral multiple of the number m of phases, and each m straight slot conductors 3 form a unit motor.
Preferably, every m adjacent in-line slot conductors 3 constitute a single unit motor, with different electrical phases being provided by the power supply means.
In specific implementation, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, an interlayer transition driving ring 6 is further arranged between the i-1 th stator and rotor unit and the i-th stator and rotor unit, as shown in fig. 5, the interlayer transition driving ring 6 is provided with k first interface slots 7, k second interface slots 8 and m mounting slots 9, the outlet end of the in-line slot conductor 3 of the i-1 th stator and rotor unit is inserted into the first interface slot 7, and the inlet end of the in-line slot conductor 3 of the i-th stator and rotor unit is inserted into the second interface slot 8; a phase voltage and frequency regulating circuit is arranged in each mounting groove 9, and different phase voltage and frequency regulating circuits are arranged in different mounting grooves 9; and the input end and the output end of the voltage-regulating frequency-modulating circuit are respectively connected with the wire outlet end of the direct-insert type slot conductor 3 of the i-1 th stator-rotor unit and the wire inlet end of the direct-insert type slot conductor 3 of the i-th stator-rotor unit which are in the same phase with the voltage-regulating frequency-modulating circuit.
In practical implementation, as shown in fig. 6, the short-circuiting device includes a conductive end ring 5 having N slots 10, and an outlet end of the inline slot conductor 3 of the nth stator/rotor unit is inserted into each slot 10.
As shown in fig. 7, taking an example that two stator and rotor units form a motor, each stator and rotor unit has three direct-insertion type slot conductors 3, and the three slot conductors are respectively electrified with three-phase electricity; A. the phase current of each direct plug-in slot conductor 3 of the three phases B and C changes with time under the condition of electrifying as shown in figure 8, the three-phase current changes in a sine periodic manner, each moment corresponds to the positive and negative values of the phase current, the positive and negative represent the current direction, therefore, the change of the magnetic force line in the motor at the corresponding moment is shown in figure 9, the magnetic field in the motor rotates anticlockwise along with the time change, the motor also rotates anticlockwise, and different driving frequencies correspond to different rotating speeds of the inner rotor 1.
The designed motor structure is suitable for permanent magnet motors and induction motors, the applicable fields include but are not limited to the field of high-speed motors, and particularly, the high-speed motors are suitable for a plurality of conductors in a parallel winding mode.
The design enables two interlayer adapter driving rings 6 connected with the same stator and rotor unit to be positioned at two sides of the stator and rotor unit; namely, any two adjacent interlayer transition drive rings 6 are positioned on both sides of the motor.
It will be appreciated that the stator slot, the first interface slot 7, the second interface slot 8 and the slot 10 are all shaped to fit the corresponding in-line slot conductor 3.
Compared with the existing multiple-motor independent control technology, the applied motor system has the advantages of smaller volume, higher integration level and better rotating speed regulation capability, and the existing multiple-motor independent control system can only work in a mode similar to a parallel circuit, and a driving power supply needs to provide large-current input. The applied motor system adjusts the voltage transformation ratio of the direct current voltage regulating circuit of each variable frequency driving end ring to be less than 1, so that the motor works in a mode similar to a series circuit, and the driving power supply only provides small current input current. When the voltage transformation ratio of the direct-current voltage regulating circuit of each variable-frequency driving end ring is larger than 1, the motor works in a mode similar to a parallel circuit mode, a driving power supply needs to provide larger current input current, but the maximum rotating speed of each layer of stator and rotor units is higher and the rotating speed regulating range is wider compared with the former. Therefore, the applied motor has wider application scenes.
The invention does not need extra mechanical equipment and traditional double-set winding arranged by crossing slot jumper wires, greatly reduces the material consumption of the end part of the winding, the length of the end part and the volume of the motor, and can further improve the utilization rate of the winding; the motor structure provided by the invention can solve the problems of overlarge end loss, serious end magnetic leakage and the like caused by overlong end of the traditional motor winding structure.
Example 4
This example differs from example 3 in that: every k adjacent in-line slot conductors 3 are supplied with the same electrical phase by the power supply means, the j-th in-line slot conductor 3 and the j + k-th in-line slot conductor 3 are supplied with different electrical phases by the power supply means, k being n/m, j being 1, 2 … m, l being [1, k ].
Example 5
This example differs from example 1 in that: the stator and rotor units are sequenced from outside to inside, the innermost stator and rotor unit is the Nth stator and rotor unit, and the outermost stator and rotor unit is the 1 st stator and rotor unit; therefore, one end of the outermost stator and rotor unit, which is not connected to the interlayer transition driving ring 6, is connected to a driving power supply, and one end of the innermost stator and rotor unit, which is not connected to the interlayer transition driving ring 6, is connected to the conductive end ring 5, and each interlayer transition driving ring 6 is used for supplying the driving power supply to the stator and rotor unit located at the inner side of the two adjacent stator and rotor units.
Example 6
This example differs from example 1 in that: and the N rotating speed output units are of outer rotor and inner stator structures.
When the stator and rotor structures of each layer adopt the structure of the outer rotor and the inner stator, the magnetic circuits of the stator and the rotor of each layer have natural magnetic circuit isolation. Therefore, the structure of the invention can realize the independent control of the different-frequency operation of the rotors in different layers through the interlayer adapter driving ring 6 with independent end parts, thereby realizing the independent operation of the rotors in different layers of the motor at different rotating speeds, namely the different-speed regulation output of the rotors in multiple layers of the single motor.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: modifications of the embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features are possible; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a shaft type independent voltage regulation inverter motor of many outputs which characterized in that: the motor comprises N stator and rotor units which are sequentially nested, each stator and rotor unit is provided with an output shaft, and the output shafts of any two adjacent stator and rotor units are arranged on different sides of the motor;
a voltage-regulating frequency-modulating device is connected in series between the armature windings of every two adjacent stator-rotor units, the armature winding inlet end of the first stator-rotor unit is connected with a driving power supply, and the armature winding inlet end of the ith stator-rotor unit is connected with the armature winding outlet end of the (i-1) th stator-rotor unit through a voltage-regulating frequency-modulating device; the armature winding outlet end of the Nth stator-rotor unit is in short circuit through a short circuit device, i belongs to [2, N ];
and the voltage and frequency regulating device is used for providing a corresponding driving power supply to an armature winding wire inlet end of the ith stator and rotor unit by utilizing the output voltage of the armature winding wire outlet end of the (i-1) th stator and rotor unit according to the frequency regulating instruction and/or the voltage regulating instruction so as to regulate the rotating speed of the output shaft of the ith stator and rotor unit and/or the voltage of the armature winding wire inlet end.
2. The multiple output shaft type independent voltage-regulating variable frequency motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the voltage-regulating frequency-modulating device comprises a voltage-regulating circuit and a frequency-modulating circuit which are connected in sequence,
the voltage regulating circuit comprises an alternating current-to-direct current circuit and a direct current voltage regulating circuit, wherein the alternating current-to-direct current circuit is connected with the armature winding outlet end of the i-1 th stator-rotor unit and is used for converting alternating current output by the armature winding outlet end of the i-1 th stator-rotor unit into direct current;
the direct current voltage regulating circuit is connected with the alternating current-to-direct current circuit and used for modulating the received direct current into target direct current voltage according to the voltage regulating instruction and outputting the target direct current voltage;
the frequency modulation circuit comprises a direct current-to-alternating current frequency modulation circuit, and the direct current-to-alternating current frequency modulation circuit is respectively connected with the direct current voltage regulation circuit and the armature winding inlet wire end of the ith stator and rotor unit, and is used for converting the received direct current into alternating current with target frequency according to the frequency modulation instruction and providing the alternating current with the target frequency to the armature winding inlet wire end of the ith stator and rotor unit.
3. The multiple output shaft type independent voltage-regulating variable frequency motor according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the voltage regulating circuit further comprises a first gating unit, a first terminal of the first gating unit is connected with an armature winding outlet terminal of the i-1 th stator-rotor unit, a second terminal of the first gating unit is connected with the direct current voltage regulating circuit through the alternating current-direct current converting circuit, and a third terminal of the first gating unit is directly connected with the direct current voltage regulating circuit; the first gating unit realizes that alternating current is changed into direct current to be sent to the direct current voltage regulating circuit when the armature winding outlet end of the i-1 th stator-rotor unit outputs alternating current through connection and disconnection between different ends, or the direct current is directly sent to the direct current voltage regulating circuit when the armature winding of the i-1 th stator-rotor unit outputs direct current;
the frequency modulation circuit further comprises a second gating unit, wherein a first terminal of the second gating unit is connected with the direct current voltage regulating circuit, a second terminal of the second gating unit is connected with an armature winding incoming line end of the ith stator and rotor unit through the direct current-to-alternating current frequency modulation circuit, and a third terminal of the second gating unit is directly connected with an armature winding incoming line end of the ith stator and rotor unit;
the second gating unit is used for supplying alternating current with target frequency to the armature winding inlet wire end of the ith stator and rotor unit or supplying direct current to the armature winding inlet wire end of the ith stator and rotor unit through connection and disconnection between different ends.
4. The multiple output shaft type independent voltage-regulating variable frequency motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the armature winding of the stator and rotor unit comprises n straight-inserting type slot conductors which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and axially penetrate through the stator core, n is an integral multiple of the phase number m, and each m straight-inserting type slot conductors form a unit motor.
5. The multiple output shaft type independent voltage-regulating variable frequency motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: every m adjacent direct-insertion type slot conductors form a unit motor, and different electric phases are provided by a power supply device.
6. The multiple output shaft type independent voltage-regulating variable frequency motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: every k adjacent in-line slot conductors are supplied with the same electrical phase by a power supply device, the j-th in-line slot conductor and the j + k-th in-line slot conductor are supplied with different electrical phases by the power supply device, k is n/m, j is 1, 2 … m, and l belongs to [1, k ].
7. The multiple-output shaft type independent voltage-regulating variable frequency motor according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: an interlayer switching driving ring is further arranged between the i-1 th stator-rotor unit and the i-th stator-rotor unit, k first interface grooves, k second interface grooves and m mounting grooves are formed in the interlayer switching driving ring, the outlet end of the direct-insert type groove conductor of the i-1 th stator-rotor unit is inserted into the first interface groove, and the inlet end of the direct-insert type groove conductor of the i-th stator-rotor unit is inserted into the second interface groove; each mounting groove is internally provided with a phase voltage-regulating and frequency-modulating circuit, and different phase voltage-regulating and frequency-modulating circuits are arranged in different mounting grooves; the input end and the output end of the voltage-regulating and frequency-modulating circuit are respectively connected with the wire outlet end of the direct-insert type slot conductor of the i-1 th stator-rotor unit and the wire inlet end of the direct-insert type slot conductor of the i-th stator-rotor unit which are in the same phase with the voltage-regulating and frequency-modulating circuit.
8. The multiple-output shaft type independent voltage-regulating variable frequency motor according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: the short-circuit device comprises a conductive end ring provided with N clamping grooves, and an outlet end of a direct-insert type groove conductor of the Nth stator-rotor unit is inserted into each clamping groove.
9. The multiple output shaft type independent voltage-regulating variable frequency motor of claim 1, characterized in that: the 1 st stator-rotor unit is an inner rotor outer stator structure, and the rest stator-rotor units are outer rotor inner stator structures; and a magnetic isolating ring is embedded between the 1 st stator-rotor unit and the adjacent stator-rotor unit.
10. The multiple output shaft type independent voltage-regulating variable frequency motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: each stator-rotor unit is of an outer rotor-inner stator structure.
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| GB648402A (en) * | 1942-11-25 | 1951-01-03 | British Thomson Houston Co Ltd | Improvements in and relating to dynamo-electric machines |
| GB2093640A (en) * | 1981-01-13 | 1982-09-02 | Browning Roy William | A variable speed drive unit |
| CN85100607A (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1987-01-17 | 田永宁 | The method of alternating current machine stepless speed regulation and this motor |
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