CN113315151A - Comprehensive energy peak regulation station and peak regulation method constructed based on phase change energy storage - Google Patents

Comprehensive energy peak regulation station and peak regulation method constructed based on phase change energy storage Download PDF

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CN113315151A
CN113315151A CN202110588123.1A CN202110588123A CN113315151A CN 113315151 A CN113315151 A CN 113315151A CN 202110588123 A CN202110588123 A CN 202110588123A CN 113315151 A CN113315151 A CN 113315151A
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energy
molten salt
main control
control system
steam
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CN113315151B (en
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陈冲
贾利民
金成日
梁立中
赵天宇
霍箭
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Beijing Nego Automation Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • H02J3/144—Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/40—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation wherein a plurality of decentralised, dispersed or local energy generation technologies are operated simultaneously
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

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Abstract

The invention relates to a comprehensive energy peak regulation station and a peak regulation method constructed based on phase change energy storage, wherein the peak regulation station utilizes wind power plants and/or photovoltaic power plants of green power bases and/or power grids valley electricity redundant energy to supply power for a molten salt electric heating furnace, solid molten salt is heated into liquid molten salt by the molten salt electric heating furnace, the liquid molten salt sequentially flows through a superheater, an evaporator and a preheater, the liquid molten salt completes primary heat exchange with normal temperature water in the preheater to generate high temperature water, the liquid molten salt completes secondary heat exchange with the high temperature water in the evaporator to generate steam, the steam is heated and pressurized by the superheater to generate high temperature and high pressure steam and drives a steam turbine to rotate, the steam turbine pushes a generator to generate electric energy to supply power for users, part of the high temperature and high pressure steam is conveyed to a steam pipe network to supply steam for the users, the high temperature and high pressure steam of the steam turbine enters a waste heat recovery device to exchange with the normal temperature water to generate the high temperature water, one part of the high-temperature water supplies heat to users, and the other part of the high-temperature water enters absorption refrigeration equipment to generate cold energy to supply cold to the users.

Description

Comprehensive energy peak regulation station and peak regulation method constructed based on phase change energy storage
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of energy storage and utilization and power grid peak shaving, in particular to a comprehensive energy peak shaving station and a peak shaving method based on phase change energy storage construction.
Background art:
in the face of severe challenges brought to human beings by climate change, resource shortage and environmental pollution, the traditional extensive non-coordinated energy supply mode mainly based on coal is difficult to continue, and the reconstruction of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy supply system mainly based on wind and light is a necessary way for the development of China and even the world. Under the drive of a double-carbon target embodying the mission of a large country, a new technology, a new state, a new industry and a new mode of green combined supply of electric-heat-cold-steam multi-state energy are inevitably created, and a new generation electric power system rich in high-proportion electric power electronic devices is promoted. However, in view of the fact that wind and photovoltaic power generation output fluctuation is random, inertia of power electronic equipment is weak, and a traditional thermal power generating unit is coming out of service, the following problems of technical level, ecological level, economic level and the like are urgently needed to be solved in the process of the path from the existing energy system of China to clean low carbon, safe and efficient transition and transformation:
1. the ecological influence of the traditional thermal power technology is serious. The traditional electricity-heat-cold-steam combined supply technology for the footing coal has the disadvantages of serious non-renewable primary energy consumption, high emission ratio of carbon sulfide and serious ecological influence.
2. The power grid peak regulation capability is weak. The traditional thermal power generating unit has insufficient response capability and poor flexibility, so that the peak regulation capability of a power grid which mainly comprises the thermal power generating unit is limited; the output random fluctuation wind-light grid-connected proportion is increased year by year, and the peak regulation pressure of a power grid is increased; the power electronic equipment of the power grid has higher and higher occupation ratio and gradually tends to power electronization, the equivalent inertia is greatly reduced, and the peak regulation capability is obviously insufficient.
3. The phenomenon of wind and light electricity abandonment is serious. At present, the total installed capacity of a power grid is excessive, the source supply is greater than the load demand, and wind, light and power are forced to be abandoned; the wind and light rich area often has insufficient on-site consumption capability, the geographical positions of the areas with the same load concentration are not overlapped and coupled, the distance is long, and the actual transmission capacity depends on the capacity of an outgoing channel; the wind, light and load are staggered during the peak supply and demand, and the wind and light abandoning of the power grid with limited peak regulation capacity is forced.
4. The resources of the thermal power plant which is shut down as required are seriously wasted. Under the background of double-carbon driven electric heating clean supply, renewable energy sources such as wind and light are vigorously developed, and the gradual shutdown of a coal-fired power plant is inevitable in historical development. However, in the thermal power plant which is shut down according to the ecological requirement of green water in the Qingshan mountain, the infrastructure, service facilities and related equipment contained in the thermal power plant do not reach the retired state, but the technical barriers are forced to be idle or dismantled, so that a great amount of high-quality resources with high application value are wasted.
5. The existing large-scale energy storage peak regulation technology still needs to be promoted and optimized. At present, various energy storage technologies with certain application amount are applied in the market, and various problems still exist. If the pumped storage is taken as a representative of mechanical energy storage, although the capacity is large, the construction is limited by the address position; although the electrochemical energy storage represented by lithium iron phosphate is flexible in construction position, the cost is still high and the capacity is limited at present; although the sensible heat energy storage mode represented by an electric boiler is low in cost and flexible in construction, energy can be converted from high-grade electricity to low-grade heat in one way, the current situation of insufficient consumption of a power grid at low ebb can be relieved, and the problem of insufficient energy supply at high peak of the power grid cannot be solved; although the latent heat energy storage mode represented by photothermal has large capacity, the cost is still high at present, the occupied area is large, and the construction of a limited geographical environment is realized.
With the rapid development of non-hydraulic renewable energy power generation (solar photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation), electric energy with unstable output load cannot be timely consumed by a power grid under most conditions, and can only be wasted as electricity abandonment, so that in order to avoid energy waste, an energy storage technology is the best way to consume the electricity abandonment. According to the energy storage form, the energy storage can be divided into four categories, namely mechanical type, electromagnetic type, electrochemical type and phase change type, has the kernel technical attributes of energy conversion, moving, storage, release and the like, and is an important support for the clean low-carbon, safe and efficient collaborative evolution of energy. The four energy storage category technical routes have different advantages and characteristics, and the adaptability is closely related to the working conditions of the actual application scene. In recent years, under the combined efforts of researchers, industry experts, government and enterprise leaders and other social people, various energy storage technologies are more mature and the cost is more controllable, and the ecological pattern of a diversified energy storage market is initially formed. In view of the above, the invention constructs an electricity-heat-cold-steam comprehensive energy long-time peak regulation station based on molten salt phase change energy storage, and aims to solve various problems of ecological level, technical level and economic level in an energy transformation process by means of a new technology, a new concept, a new method and a new mode, and boost the existing energy supply system to be developed towards clean low carbon, safety, high efficiency and rapid synergy.
The fused salt phase change energy storage technology is used for storing and releasing heat energy by utilizing a heat effect generated by phase change of fused salt, and belongs to the field of energy storage application and research which is relatively popular in recent years. For example, the invention patent with the publication number of CN103352746B discloses a natural gas cooling, heating and power supply device based on molten salt heat storage, which mainly adopts a phase change heat storage module to be combined with a gas turbine to realize combined supply of electricity, heat and power, but the primary energy source of the mode adopts natural gas, which belongs to carbon emission and cannot fully solve the problem of consumption of green clean energy. The invention patent with publication number CN109659958A discloses a power system and a peak-load and frequency-modulation method thereof, which mainly realizes weak coupling of heat and electricity supply of a thermoelectric unit by adding a distributed phase-change heat storage module, changes the regulation response capability, belongs to the improvement of the thermoelectric unit, and has the advantages that the primary energy source is coal electricity, and the cleanness of the energy source is still not realized.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention firstly discloses an electricity-heat-cold-steam comprehensive energy long-time peak regulation station constructed based on fused salt phase change energy storage, which can absorb electric energy of a wind and light base or heat fused salt by valley electricity of a power grid, and can push a steam turbine system to generate stable electric energy supply by high-temperature and high-pressure steam generated by fused salt phase change, and can realize comprehensive supply of electric heat and cold steam by matching with other equipment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a comprehensive energy peak regulation station constructed based on phase change energy storage comprises a molten salt electric heating furnace powered by wind power plants and/or photovoltaic power stations of green electricity bases and/or power grid valley electricity redundant energy, wherein the molten salt electric heating furnace is used for heating solid molten salt stored in a cold salt tank into liquid molten salt and then storing the liquid molten salt in a hot salt tank, the liquid molten salt stored in the hot salt tank sequentially flows through a superheater, an evaporator and a preheater, the liquid molten salt is subjected to primary heat exchange with normal temperature water in the preheater to generate high-temperature water, the cooled solid molten salt flows back to the cold salt tank, the liquid molten salt and high-temperature water in the evaporator complete secondary heat exchange to generate steam, the steam is heated and pressurized by the superheater to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam and drive a steam turbine to rotate, and then the generator is pushed to generate electric energy to be merged into a power grid to supply power to users; part of the high-temperature and high-pressure steam is divided by the steam pipe network to supply steam for users; high-temperature and high-pressure steam passing through the steam turbine enters a waste heat recovery device to exchange heat with normal-temperature water to generate high-temperature water, and the high-temperature water is conveyed to a heat pipe network to provide heat energy for users; the high-temperature water part generated by the waste heat recovery device enters an absorption type refrigerating device to generate low-temperature water, and the low-temperature water is conveyed to a cold pipe network to provide cold energy for users; the high-temperature high-pressure steam enters a condenser through the temperature-reducing pressure-reducing steam after being quenched by the waste heat recovery device to generate normal-temperature water, and the normal-temperature water flows back to the preheater to participate in the next reciprocating circulation.
Further, the molten salt electric heating furnace internally comprises an electric heater and a controllable resistor.
Furthermore, the heating power of the electric heater can be flexibly adjusted, and the electric heater can be expanded in parallel according to the requirement.
Further, the comprehensive energy peak shaving station also comprises an electrochemical energy storage system, and redundant energy of a wind power plant and/or a photovoltaic power plant and/or a power grid of the green power base is stored for standby use in the form of chemical energy through the electrochemical energy storage system.
Further, the quantitative relation among the configuration quantity of the electric heaters in the molten salt electric heating furnace, the required molten salt configuration quality and the configuration volume of the molten salt tank in the comprehensive energy peak regulation station is designed according to a formula (1):
Figure BDA0003088414920000041
in the above formula, El_e、El_h、El_c、El_sRespectively the electric energy, heat energy, cold energy, steam energy required by the user in a typical day, ElossReleasing heat energy for high-temperature high-pressure steam and losing heat energy in the course of energy supply, Este_exoFor the external release of heat energy for the vapour-liquid phase change of the high-temperature high-pressure steam, Esat_exoThe molten salt liquid-solid phase change releases heat energy outwards, and the unit of the parameters is kJ;
in the above formula, etatson_e、ηtson_h、ηtransm_h、ηtson_c、COP、ηtson_s、ηtrans_s、ηe_hRespectively representing the electric energy transmission efficiency, the heat exchange efficiency, the cold energy transmission efficiency, the energy efficiency ratio of the absorption refrigeration device, the steam energy transmission efficiency, the heat exchange efficiency of the high-temperature molten salt and water and the electric heat conversion efficiency of the flexible heater, wherein the units are dimensionless;
in the above formula, Tcool、Tp_min、Tp_maxThe temperature of the solid molten salt in the cold salt storage tank, the lowest temperature of the solid-liquid phase change of the molten salt and the maximum temperature of the liquid molten salt stored in the hot salt storage tank are respectively, and the unit is;
in the above formula, Cp_s(T)、Cp_f(T) is the specific heat capacity of the solid molten salt and the temperature in a functional relation and the specific heat capacity of the liquid molten salt and the temperature in a functional relation respectively, and the unit is kJ/(kg DEG C); m issatThe total mass of the single-pot fused salt is kg; r issatThe unit is kJ/kg of latent heat coefficient of phase change of liquid molten salt; vsatThe volume of the tank body for storing the solid-liquid molten salt is m3；ρf_min、ρs_minRespectively of liquid molten salt densityThe lowest value and the lowest value of the density of the solid molten salt are both in kg/m3；KsatDesigning allowance correction coefficients for the volume of the molten salt tank, wherein the unit is dimensionless; pe_haAnd Pe_hsThe total electric power value required by electric heat conversion and the rated power of the standard modular high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace are respectively kW; n is a radical ofe_hThe total number of standard flexible heaters designed by adopting an upward rounding configuration is the unit of a table; delta tv_eThe heating time of the valley section of the power grid is h.
The comprehensive energy peak regulation station disclosed by the invention can fully utilize idle equipment left by the abandoned coal-fired thermal power plant, such as idle land, a high-speed steam turbine set and a generator, a power transmission line coupled and interconnected with a power grid, a cold and hot steam pipe network and the like, and can realize the combined supply of four clean low-carbon energy sources of electricity, heat, cold and steam by only additionally arranging a molten salt cold and hot salt tank and a high-voltage molten salt furnace and matching with a corresponding energy management system. More importantly, the comprehensive energy peak regulation station takes wind and light clean energy and/or power grid valley electricity redundancy as electric energy supply of molten salt phase change, can fully solve the problem of electricity abandonment of a power grid containing high-proportion wind and light clean energy, increases wind and light energy consumption of the power grid, converts originally unstable wind and light energy into stable and controllable energy through molten salt phase change to ensure the polymorphic energy demand of electricity-heat-cold-steam according to needs, and supports the realization of the dual-carbon target of China from the supply side.
The energy storage capacity of the comprehensive energy peak regulation station disclosed by the invention can be as long as 8-10 hours, the cost can be reduced to 1/2 or even 1/3 of the existing electrochemical energy storage technology, and the construction is not limited by the geographical environment; meanwhile, the 'valley electricity' of the power grid accumulated based on the solid-liquid phase change of the molten salt meets the energy demand technology in the peak-valley period of electricity, heat, cold and steam, the deep peak regulation function of the system is realized, and the method is one of ideal choices for building a large-scale energy storage power station on the power grid side.
The comprehensive energy peak regulation station can utilize the existing land resources of thermal power plants/thermal power plants which are necessarily retired under the double-carbon target, the turbine power supply units, the plant power system, the power grid access system, the heat supply/cold/steam pipe network and other infrastructure to build on site. The method has the advantages of short engineering construction period, less investment and land resource saving, and the income mode is clearer based on the electric heating (cold/steam) load requirements of the original plant station. Meanwhile, clean regeneration substitution of the traditional coal (heat) power (cogeneration) environment-unfriendly technology is realized, and high-quality resources with potential value of in-plant equipment are fully awakened. Moreover, the technology reserves the rigidity adjustment characteristic of the power grid, is a strong guarantee for the safe and reliable operation of the power system of the power electronics, and has strong demonstration significance.
The comprehensive energy peak regulation station integrates an energy storage station, a power station, a heat supply station, a cold supply station and a steam supply station, is very suitable for the electric-heat-cold-steam multi-state comprehensive energy demand scene of an industrial park, and greatly shortens the investment return period by depending on a diversified income mode. Meanwhile, the comprehensive energy long-time combined supply system has various combined modes of electric heating and cold steam quadruple supply, electric heating and cold triple supply, electric heating and steam triple supply, electric cooling and steam triple supply, electric heating and combined supply, electric cooling and combined supply, electric steam combined supply and the like, and can be freely and flexibly customized design and optimized configuration of system components according to actual needs of users.
The comprehensive energy peak regulation station has a black start function, can be used as a 'start power supply' after a power system is locally or massively disconnected, and a support system can be sequentially and rapidly restored step by step; and by means of the cooperative fusion of the electrochemical energy storage and the generator unit, the climbing speed and the adjusting depth of the steam turbine generator unit are greatly improved, and the fast frequency response function is realized.
The invention also discloses a method for carrying out power grid peak shaving by utilizing the comprehensive energy peak shaving station, which is realized by the following technical scheme:
a peak regulation method of a comprehensive energy peak regulation station constructed based on phase change energy storage comprises a main control system, wherein the main control system acquires energy power for electricity-heat-cold-steam in real time, judges the time period of a power grid by means of a power grid peak-valley-normal time period identification module, establishes a sub-cycle program for judging the constraint conditions of the regulation allowance by taking the upper limit value, the middle value and the lower limit value of the height of high-temperature liquid molten salt of a molten salt hot salt tank as the upper limit value, the middle value and the lower limit value of the height of the high-temperature liquid molten salt, and controls the response of each device by combining the wind-light electricity abandonment constraint conditions and the constraint conditions of the height regulation allowance of the high-temperature liquid molten salt according to the judged time period result of the power grid.
Further, the grid peak-valley-level period identification module judges that the current grid is in the grid peak period, and the grid peak-valley-level period identification module is divided into the following five working condition adjustment strategies according to the wind-light electricity abandonment constraint condition and the adjustment allowance constraint condition:
peak period condition 1: when the main control system of the peak regulation station detects that the formula (2) is met, the fused salt electric heating furnace absorbs wind, solar and waste electricity for energy storage, meanwhile, the main control system starts the energy release equipment and converts the fused salt liquid-solid phase change energy into electric energy, heat energy, cold energy and steam energy, the peak period scheduling requirement of the power grid is met, and the specific working state of related equipment controlled by the main control system is shown as the formula (3);
Figure BDA0003088414920000071
in the formula: hsat、Hsat_maxRespectively storing the real-time height and the upper limit value of the height of the high-temperature liquid molten salt stored in the hot salt tank;
Figure BDA0003088414920000072
in the formula: psatThe thermal power released by the molten salt is outwards, if a negative value appears, the molten salt is in a heat storage state; pall_refThe equivalent value of the total power of the electricity-heat-cold-steam energy of the user is obtained; krefIn order to consider the comprehensive correction parameters of the electricity-heat-cold-steam conversion and the transmission process efficiency, the value is more than 1; pe_hrThe actual operation power of the high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace is obtained; keThen, the value of the comprehensive correction factor considering the electricity-heat conversion efficiency and the transmission loss factor is less than 1; pe_ha、Pwpv_abRespectively the rated power sum of the high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace and the wind-solar electric power discard of the power grid; pl_eref、Pl_href、Pl_cref、Pl_srefAnd Pgen、Phs、Pcs、PssRespectively obtaining power values required by electricity-heat-cold-steam users and actual power output values of a generator, a heat source, a cold source and a steam source; plossThe heat power lost in the energy supply process;
peak period condition 2: when the main control system of the peak regulation station detects that the formula (4) is satisfied, a sub-cycle program is entered to judge whether the formula (5) condition is satisfied, and the formula (4) and the formula (5) condition are satisfied simultaneously, the main control system controls the molten salt electric heating furnace to stop running and not to store energy, and the main control system starts the energy release equipment to convert the stored high-temperature liquid molten salt into electric energy, heat energy, cold energy and steam energy through molten salt liquid-solid phase energy release, so as to satisfy the peak period scheduling requirement of the power grid, and the specific working state of the related equipment controlled by the main control system is as shown in the formula (6);
Figure BDA0003088414920000081
Figure BDA0003088414920000082
in the formula: kmaxThe value of the set threshold correction coefficient is less than 1;
Figure BDA0003088414920000083
peak period condition 3: when the peak regulation station main control system detects that the formulas (4) and (7) are met, the main control system returns the jumping-out sub-cycle program to the initial state of the control program;
Figure BDA0003088414920000084
peak period condition 4: when the peak regulation station main control system detects that the formula (8) is met, the main control system controls the molten salt electric heating furnace to stop running and not to store energy, the main control system starts the energy release equipment to convert the stored high-temperature liquid molten salt into electric energy, heat energy, cold energy and steam energy through molten salt liquid-solid phase conversion energy release, the peak period scheduling requirement of the power grid is met, and the specific working state of related equipment controlled by the main control system is shown as the formula (6);
Figure BDA0003088414920000085
in the formula: hsat_minSetting a real-time height lower limit of the high-temperature liquid flow molten salt of the heat storage tank;
peak period condition 5: when the peak regulation station main control system detects that the formula (9) is met, the main control system controls the energy storage equipment and the energy release equipment to stop running;
Figure BDA0003088414920000091
further, the grid peak-valley-flat period identification module judges that the current grid is in the grid flat period, and the grid peak-valley-flat period identification module is divided into the following four working condition adjustment strategies according to the wind-light electricity abandoning constraint condition and the adjustment allowance constraint condition:
flat period working condition 1: when the main control system of the peak regulation station detects that the formula (10) is satisfied, a sub-cycle program is entered to judge whether the formula (11) condition is satisfied, and the formula (10) and the formula (11) condition are satisfied simultaneously, the main control system controls the operation of the molten salt electric heating furnace at rated power to store energy, and simultaneously, the main control system starts energy release equipment to convert high-temperature liquid molten salt into electric energy, heat energy, cold energy and steam energy through molten salt liquid-solid phase energy release, so that the flat-time scheduling requirement of a power grid is satisfied, and the specific working state of related equipment controlled by the main control system is as shown in a formula (12);
Figure BDA0003088414920000092
Figure BDA0003088414920000093
in the formula: kmidA threshold correction coefficient set for the reciprocating frequent start of the high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace,the value is greater than 1;
Figure BDA0003088414920000094
normal operating condition 2: when the peak regulation station main control system detects that the formulas (10) and (13) are met, the main control system returns the jumping-out sub-cycle program to the initial state of the control program;
Figure BDA0003088414920000095
flat period working condition 3: when the peak regulation station main control system detects that the formula (14) is met, the main control system controls the molten salt electric heating furnace to stop running and not to store energy, the main control system starts the energy release equipment to convert the stored high-temperature liquid molten salt into electric energy, heat energy, cold energy and steam energy through molten salt liquid-solid phase conversion energy release, the peak period scheduling requirement of the power grid is met, and the specific working state of related equipment controlled by the main control system is shown as the formula (6);
Figure BDA0003088414920000101
flat period working condition 4: when the main control system of the peak regulation station detects that the wind, the light and the electricity of the power grid are abandoned, the main control system controls the response condition of each device and the peak period working conditions 1 to 3 of the power grid.
Further, the grid peak-valley-normal time period identification module judges that the current grid is in the grid valley time period, and adjusts according to the following three working conditions:
off-peak working condition 1: when the peak regulation station main control system detects that the formula (15) is met, the main control system controls the generator to stop running, the molten salt electric heating furnace utilizes valley electricity redundancy effective response to store energy, the main control system starts the energy release equipment and converts high-temperature liquid molten salt into heat energy, cold energy and steam energy through molten salt liquid-solid phase change energy release, the dispatching requirement of the valley period of the power grid is met, and the specific working state of related equipment controlled by the main control system is shown as the formula (16);
Hsat＜Hsat_max (15)
Figure BDA0003088414920000102
off-period working condition 2: when the main control system of the peak regulation station detects that the formula (17) is satisfied, a sub-cycle program is entered to judge whether the formula (18) condition is satisfied, and the formula (17) and the formula (18) condition are satisfied at the same time, the main control system controls the molten salt electric heating furnace and the generator to stop running, the main control system starts the energy release equipment to convert high-temperature liquid molten salt into heat energy, cold energy and steam energy through molten salt liquid-solid phase energy release so as to satisfy the scheduling requirement of the power grid in the flat period, and the specific working state of related equipment controlled by the main control system is shown as the formula (19);
Hsat≥Hsat_max (17)
Figure BDA0003088414920000111
Figure BDA0003088414920000112
off-period working condition 3: when the peak regulation station main control system detects that the formulas (17) and (20) are met, the main control system returns the jumping-out sub-cycle program to the initial state of the control program;
Figure BDA0003088414920000113
description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated energy peak shaving station according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a peak shaving strategy of the integrated energy peak shaving station in the embodiment of the invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the embodiment discloses a comprehensive energy peak regulation station constructed based on phase change energy storage, which depends on a 10kV high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace to absorb electric energy generated by a wind power plant and a photovoltaic power plant in a green electric base, or utilizes valley electricity redundancy of a power grid to supply power to the high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace, so that the molten salt is heated to generate phase change for energy storage or energy release, and therefore, a multi-combination combined supply form of four energy sources of electric energy, heat energy, cold energy and steam energy is realized. The peak regulation station designed by the embodiment is specially manufactured for large-scale long-time scale on the power grid side, is particularly suitable for a novel power system containing renewable energy sources such as high-proportion wind and light, and can increase the peak regulation capacity of the power grid while ensuring the rigidity of the power system.
The peak shaving station based on molten salt phase change energy storage proposed by the embodiment can be divided into five major parts, namely source-network-storage-machine-load, as shown in fig. 1. The 'source' refers to a cluster wind power plant and a photovoltaic power station of a green power base station, and is mainly used for providing green high-quality electric energy for a power grid; the network mainly comprises a power transmission network, a heat pipe network, a cold pipe network and a steam pipe network, which respectively carry four energy flows of electricity, heat, cold and steam and are bridge channels of source-load interaction; the storage mainly comprises a high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace, a cold salt tank, a hot salt tank, a valve, a circulating pump, an electrochemical energy storage system and other equipment; the 'machine' mainly comprises a preheater, an evaporator, a superheater, a high-speed steam turbine, a generator, a waste heat recovery device, a condenser, a valve, a circulating pump and other equipment; the charge mainly comprises four energy utilization forms of electricity, heat, cold and steam. The structure of the peak shaving station in the embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1.
The whole peak regulation station comprises the following parts of equipment related to four energy supply structures: the system comprises a high-pressure molten salt electric heating furnace, a cold salt tank, a hot salt tank, a superheater, an evaporator, a preheater, a steam turbine, a generator, a waste heat recovery device, an absorption refrigeration device, a condenser, a valve, a circulating pump and four energy conveying pipe networks. Wherein, equipment such as steam turbine, generator and delivery pipe network can make full use of by having idle equipment in the thermal power plant/thermal power plant of abandonment use, only need on idle land add supporting equipment such as high-pressure fused salt electric heating furnace, cold and hot salt jar can, can effectively reduce the input cost like this. The molten salt electric heating furnace is used as core equipment for heating solid molten salt stored in the cold salt tank into liquid molten salt and storing the liquid molten salt in the hot salt tank. The high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace is internally composed of an electric power electronic device such as an electric heater and a controllable resistor together, the power of a standard module monomer is 5-10 MW, the heating power can be flexibly adjusted and set and can be expanded in parallel as required, redundant energy of a wind-light-green-electricity base or energy of a power grid during valley is mainly absorbed, solid molten salt in a heating cold tank transfers energy and is stored into a hot tank in a liquid form, the local absorption capacity is increased in a solid-liquid phase change energy storage and heat storage mode, and the valley filling capacity of the power grid is further improved.
The liquid fused salt of storage in the hot salt jar flows through the over heater in proper order, the evaporimeter, the pre-heater, liquid fused salt accomplishes once the heat transfer with normal atmospheric temperature water in the pre-heater and produces high-temperature water, liquid fused salt accomplishes secondary heat transfer with the high-temperature water that once produces behind the heat transfer and produces steam in the evaporimeter, steam is heated by the over heater and is produced high temperature high-pressure steam and drive steam turbine and rotate after the pressurization, and then promote the generator and produce the electric energy, the generator injects stable electric energy to the transmission network as required under control system's regulation and control, nimble quick response electric wire netting supply demand, improve electric wire netting peak period regulation and control ability. The liquid hot molten salt is converted through liquid-solid phase change to release heat storage energy, and the solid molten salt after heat transfer and replacement flows back to the cold salt tank under the action of the circulating pump. Besides driving the steam turbine, part of the high-temperature high-pressure steam can also be divided by a steam pipe network to provide steam energy for users.
High-temperature and high-pressure steam passing through the steam turbine enters the waste heat recovery device to exchange heat with normal-temperature water to generate high-temperature water, and the high-temperature water is conveyed to the heat pipe network to provide heat energy for users. And the high-temperature water generated by the waste heat recovery device enters the absorption type refrigerating device to generate low-temperature water, and the low-temperature water is conveyed to the cold pipe network to provide cold energy for users. The high-temperature high-pressure steam enters a condenser through the temperature-reducing pressure-reducing steam after being quenched by the waste heat recovery device to generate normal-temperature water, and the normal-temperature water flows back to the preheater to continuously participate in the next reciprocating cycle.
The peak regulation station also comprises an electrochemical energy storage system, the electrochemical energy storage system is configured according to the actual application of the power station, the electrochemical energy storage system can store the redundant energy of the wind, light and green power base or the energy of the power grid during valley time in a chemical energy mode for standby, and the peak regulation station has the advantages of high efficiency, quick response and the like during output.
When the peak regulation station structure is configured in specific equipment, the quantitative relation among the configuration quantity of the electric heaters in the molten salt electric heating furnace in the peak regulation station, the required molten salt configuration quality and the configuration volume of the molten salt tank can be designed according to a formula (1):
Figure BDA0003088414920000131
in the above formula, El_e、El_h、El_c、El_sRespectively the electric energy, heat energy, cold energy, steam energy required by the user in a typical day, ElossReleasing heat energy for high-temperature high-pressure steam and losing heat energy in the course of energy supply, Este_exoFor the external release of heat energy for the vapour-liquid phase change of the high-temperature high-pressure steam, Esat_exoThe molten salt liquid-solid phase change releases heat energy outwards, and the unit of the parameters is kJ;
in the above formula, etatson_e、ηtson_h、ηtransm_h、ηtson_c、COP、ηtson_s、ηtrans_s、ηe_hRespectively representing the electric energy transmission efficiency, the heat exchange efficiency, the cold energy transmission efficiency, the energy efficiency ratio of the absorption refrigeration device, the steam energy transmission efficiency, the heat exchange efficiency of the high-temperature molten salt and water and the electric heat conversion efficiency of the flexible heater, wherein the units are dimensionless;
in the above formula, Tcool、Tp_min、Tp_maxThe temperature of the solid molten salt in the cold salt storage tank, the lowest temperature of the solid-liquid phase change of the molten salt and the maximum temperature of the liquid molten salt stored in the hot salt storage tank are respectively, and the unit is;
in the above formula, Cp_s(T)、Cp_f(T) is the specific heat capacity of the solid molten salt and the temperature in a functional relation and the specific heat capacity of the liquid molten salt and the temperature in a functional relation respectively, and the unit is kJ/(kg DEG C); m issatThe total mass of the single-pot fused salt is kg; r issatThe unit is kJ/kg of latent heat coefficient of phase change of liquid molten salt; vsatThe volume of the tank body for storing the solid-liquid molten salt is m3；ρf_min、ρs_minRespectively the lowest value of the density of the liquid molten salt and the lowest value of the density of the solid molten salt, and the unit is kg/m3；KsatDesigning allowance correction coefficients for the volume of the molten salt tank, wherein the unit is dimensionless; pe_haAnd Pe_hsThe total electric power value required by electric heat conversion and the rated power of the standard modular high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace are respectively kW; n is a radical ofe_hThe total number of standard flexible heaters designed by adopting an upward rounding configuration is the unit of a table; delta tv_eThe heating time of the valley section of the power grid is h.
The peak shaving station provided by the embodiment can ensure the integral rigidity of the power grid and improve the peak shaving capacity of the power grid by matching with the specific peak shaving method formulated by the invention. The specific peak regulation strategy is shown in fig. 2 and comprises a main control system, wherein the main control system collects the electricity-heat-cold-steam energy consumption power in real time and judges the time period of the power grid by means of a power grid peak-valley-flat period identification module, so that an energy management and control strategy which is adaptive to different time period characteristics of the power grid is started. Under the unified allocation of a master control system, the high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace and the hot salt tank of the related equipment for energy storage are used for cooperatively polymerizing a preheater, an evaporator, a superheater, a high-speed steam turbine, a generator, a waste heat recovery device, a condenser, an absorption refrigerating device, a valve, a circulating pump and the like of the related equipment for energy release, and the instruction requirement is accurately responded. The invention discloses a sub-cycle program embedded in a main cycle program of a peak regulation strategy, and aims to set regulation margins by taking the upper limit value, the middle value and the lower limit value of the height of high-temperature liquid molten salt of a molten salt heat storage hot salt tank as reference standards and avoid the defect of an energy scheduling strategy of frequent reciprocating start and stop of a high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace. And the main control system controls the response of each device according to the judged time period result of the power grid and by combining the constraint condition of wind, light and electricity abandonment and the constraint condition of the high-temperature liquid molten salt height adjustment allowance.
The specific peak regulation strategies according to different power grid periods are explained in detail as follows:
(1) and (3) power grid peak time period: the period generator, the high-speed turbine, the waste heat recovery device, the absorption refrigerator, the preheater, the evaporator, the superheater and other equipment rely on heat energy released by molten salt liquid-solid phase change as an energy source spring, so that the electricity-heat-cold-steam energy utilization requirement of a user is met, and meanwhile, green high-quality wind-light abandoned electric power is fully consumed, so that the peak regulation capacity of a power grid is increased, and the wind-light abandoned electric proportion is reduced.
Peak period condition 1: when the main control system of the peak regulation station detects that the formula (2) is satisfied, the fused salt electric heating furnace absorbs wind-solar discarded electric power by heating solid fused salt, and the fused salt exchanges heat with normal-temperature circulating water to generate high-temperature high-pressure steam while storing heat through solid-liquid phase change; the main control system starts the energy release equipment to convert the molten salt liquid-solid phase change energy into electric energy, heat energy, cold energy and steam energy to meet the dispatching requirement of the peak time period of the power grid, and the specific working state of related equipment controlled by the main control system is shown as a formula (3);
Figure BDA0003088414920000151
in the formula: hsat、Hsat_maxThe real-time height (in this embodiment, the residual height of the molten salt is used to represent the real-time heat storage capacity) and the upper limit value of the height of the high-temperature liquid molten salt stored in the hot salt tank are respectively;
Figure BDA0003088414920000152
in the formula: psatThe thermal power released by the molten salt is outwards, if a negative value appears, the molten salt is in a heat storage state; pall_refThe equivalent value of the total power of the electricity-heat-cold-steam energy of the user is obtained; krefIn order to consider the comprehensive correction parameters of the electricity-heat-cold-steam conversion and the transmission process efficiency, the value is more than 1; pe_hrThe actual operation power of the high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace is obtained; keThen, the value of the comprehensive correction factor considering the electricity-heat conversion efficiency and the transmission loss factor is less than 1; pe_ha、Pwpv_abRespectively the rated power sum of the high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace and the wind-solar electric power discard of the power grid; pl_eref、Pl_href、Pl_cref、Pl_srefAnd Pgen、Phs、Pcs、PssRespectively obtaining power values required by electricity-heat-cold-steam users and actual power output values of a generator, a heat source, a cold source and a steam source; plossThe lost thermal power in the energy supply process.
Peak period condition 2: when the peak regulation station main control system detects that the formula (4) is met, the solid-state molten salt enters an energy scheduling sub-cycle program due to the fact that wind-solar electric power abandoned in the peak time period of a power grid is fully consumed under the action of flexible electric heating, the energy scheduling sub-cycle program is reached, namely whether the formula (5) condition is met is further judged, if the formula (4) and the formula (5) condition are met, an energy scheduling strategy circulates in the sub-cycle program, under the overall scheduling of the main control system, the high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace stops running, energy releasing equipment such as a generator, a high-speed steam turbine, a waste heat recovery device and an absorption type refrigerating device effectively respond instructions, the energy is converted into electric energy, heat energy, cold energy and steam energy through molten salt liquid-solid phase energy conversion, the scheduling requirement of the peak time period of the power grid is met, and the specific working state of related equipment controlled by the main control system is shown as the formula (6);
Figure BDA0003088414920000161
Figure BDA0003088414920000162
in the formula: kmaxThe value of the set threshold correction coefficient is less than 1;
Figure BDA0003088414920000163
peak period condition 3: the method comprises the following steps that (1) the heat storage energy of the molten salt is continuously reduced along with the advancing of the operation time of the peak shaving station, and once the main control system of the peak shaving station detects that the formulas (4) and (7) are met, the main control system jumps out of a sub-cycle program and returns to the initial state (i) of the control program;
Figure BDA0003088414920000164
peak period condition 4: when the main control system of the peak regulation station detects that the formula (8) is met, the high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace stops running under the overall scheduling of the main control system, the generator, the high-speed steam turbine, the waste heat recovery device, the absorption type refrigerating device and other devices effectively respond to instructions, stored high-temperature liquid molten salt is converted into electric energy, heat energy, cold energy and steam energy through molten salt liquid-solid phase energy conversion, the peak period scheduling requirement of a power grid is met, and the specific working state of related devices controlled by the main control system is shown in the formula (6);
Figure BDA0003088414920000171
in the formula: hsat_minThe real-time height lower limit of the high-temperature liquid flow molten salt of the heat storage tank is set.
Peak period condition 5: when the peak regulation station main control system detects that the formula (9) is met, the main control system controls the energy storage equipment and the energy release equipment to stop running and stops supplying of the four energy sources because the molten salt energy storage reaches a set lower limit;
Figure BDA0003088414920000172
(2) the grid leveling period is as follows: considering constraint conditions such as operation economy, wind-light electricity abandonment and the like, the flat time period of the power grid mainly meets the multi-state energy utilization requirements of users in electricity-heat-cold-steam mode, and the energy of the heat storage tank is lower than a set limit value Hsat_midTimely and timely supplementing energy to meet energy demand of power grid in peak period, Hsat_midThe real-time height intermediate value of the high-temperature liquid flow molten salt of the heat storage tank is set.
Flat period working condition 1: when the main control system of the peak regulation station detects that the formula (10) is satisfied, at the moment, the residual energy storage of the molten salt is not enough to support the electricity-heat-cold-steam energy utilization requirement in the typical valley period and the peak period. Therefore, the high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace is started and operated at rated power, and the molten salt is rapidly subjected to solid-liquid phase change to store energy. In order to meet the requirements and simultaneously prevent the program design defect that the high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace is repeatedly and frequently started due to the fact that the molten salt transition energy storage reaches the set median value, an energy scheduling strategy enters an embedded sub-cycle program, namely whether the condition of the formula (11) is met is further judged, if the condition of the formula (10) and the condition of the formula (11) are met, under the overall scheduling of a main control system, equipment such as the high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace, a generator, a high-speed steam turbine, a waste heat recovery device and an absorption refrigeration device effectively respond to instructions and convert the instructions into electric energy, heat energy, cold energy and steam energy through molten salt liquid-solid phase energy conversion, so that the flat-period scheduling requirements of a power grid are met, and the specific working state of relevant equipment controlled by the main control system is shown as the formula (12);
Figure BDA0003088414920000173
Figure BDA0003088414920000174
in the formula: kmidThe threshold correction coefficient set for the reciprocating frequent starting of the large-scale high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace is larger than 1;
Figure BDA0003088414920000181
normal operating condition 2: along with the advancing of the operation time of the peak shaving station, the energy storage of the molten salt is continuously increased, and once the main control system of the peak shaving station detects that the formulas (10) and (13) are met, the main control system jumps out of the sub-cycle program and returns to the initial state (I) of the control program;
Figure BDA0003088414920000182
flat period working condition 3: when the peak regulation station main control system detects that the formula (14) is met, at the moment, under the overall scheduling of the main control system, the high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace stops running, the generator, the high-speed steam turbine, the waste heat recovery device, the absorption type refrigerating device and other devices effectively respond to instructions, stored high-temperature liquid molten salt is converted into electric energy, heat energy, cold energy and steam energy through molten salt liquid-solid phase conversion energy release, the peak period scheduling requirement of a power grid is met, and the specific working state of related devices controlled by the main control system is shown in the formula (6);
Figure BDA0003088414920000183
flat period working condition 4: when the main control system of the peak regulation station detects that the wind, the light and the electricity of the power grid are abandoned, the main control system controls the response condition of each device and the working conditions 1 to 3 of the peak period of the power grid, and the description is not repeated.
(3) The power grid valley period: in the time period, the hot-cold-steam energy demand of a user is met through molten salt liquid-solid phase change energy release, meanwhile, the solid-hot phase change technology is utilized to accumulate the electric-heat conversion energy of the full high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace, the power grid absorption capacity is greatly improved, the wind-light-water-fire multi-source energy supply potential is released, and the higher benefit of the electric-hot-cold-steam energy supply in the power grid peak period is obtained at lower cost.
Off-peak working condition 1: when the peak regulation station main control system detects that the formula (15) is met, at the moment, under the overall scheduling of the main control system, the generator is in an off-state, equipment such as a high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace, a high-speed steam turbine, a waste heat recovery device and an absorption refrigeration device effectively respond to instructions, high-temperature liquid molten salt is converted into heat energy, cold energy and steam energy through molten salt liquid-solid phase conversion energy release, the molten salt energy storage is carried out while the scheduling requirement of the power grid valley period is met, and the specific working state of related equipment controlled by the main control system is as shown in a formula (16);
Hsat＜Hsat_max (15)
Figure BDA0003088414920000191
off-period working condition 2: when the main control system of the peak regulation station detects that the formula (17) is satisfied, at the moment, the molten salt reaches the upper limit of the phase change energy storage. In order to avoid the program defect that the high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace is frequently started repeatedly in the period, the energy scheduling control strategy enters a sub-cycle program, namely whether the condition of a formula (18) is met is further judged, if the condition of the formula (17) and the condition of the formula (18) are met simultaneously, the high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace and the generator stop running under the overall scheduling of a main control system, equipment such as a high-speed steam turbine, a waste heat recovery device, an absorption refrigeration device and the like effectively respond to instructions, high-temperature liquid molten salt is converted into heat energy, cold energy and steam energy through molten salt liquid-solid phase conversion, the flat period scheduling requirement of a power grid is met, and the specific working state of relevant equipment controlled by the main control system is shown as a formula (19);
Hsat≥Hsat_max (17)
Figure BDA0003088414920000192
Figure BDA0003088414920000193
off-period working condition 3: along with the advancing of the operation time of the peak shaving station, the energy storage of the molten salt is continuously reduced, and once the main control system of the peak shaving station detects that the formulas (17) and (20) are met, the main control system jumps out of the sub-cycle program and returns to the initial state (I) of the control program;
Figure BDA0003088414920000194

Claims (9)

1. the utility model provides a comprehensive energy peak regulation station based on phase change energy storage constructs which characterized in that: the system comprises a molten salt electric heating furnace powered by wind power plants and/or photovoltaic power stations of green electricity bases and/or power grid valley electricity redundant energy, wherein the molten salt electric heating furnace is used for heating solid molten salt stored in a cold salt tank into liquid molten salt and then storing the liquid molten salt in a hot salt tank, the liquid molten salt stored in the hot salt tank sequentially flows through a superheater, an evaporator and a preheater, the liquid molten salt is subjected to primary heat exchange with normal-temperature water in the preheater to generate high-temperature water, the cooled solid molten salt flows back into the cold salt tank, the liquid molten salt is subjected to secondary heat exchange with high-temperature water in the evaporator to generate steam, the steam is heated and pressurized by the superheater to generate high-temperature high-pressure steam and drive a steam turbine to rotate, and then the generator is pushed to generate electric energy to be merged into a power transmission network to supply power to users; part of the high-temperature and high-pressure steam is divided by the steam pipe network to supply steam for users; high-temperature and high-pressure steam passing through the steam turbine enters a waste heat recovery device to exchange heat with normal-temperature water to generate high-temperature water, and the high-temperature water is conveyed to a heat pipe network to provide heat energy for users; the high-temperature water part generated by the waste heat recovery device enters an absorption type refrigerating device to generate low-temperature water, and the low-temperature water is conveyed to a cold pipe network to provide cold energy for users; the high-temperature high-pressure steam enters a condenser through the temperature-reducing pressure-reducing steam after being quenched by the waste heat recovery device to generate normal-temperature water, and the normal-temperature water flows back to the preheater to participate in the next reciprocating circulation.
2. The comprehensive energy peak shaving station constructed based on phase change energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the molten salt electric heating furnace comprises an electric heater and a controllable resistor inside.
3. The comprehensive energy peak shaving station constructed based on phase change energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: the heating power of the electric heater can be flexibly adjusted, and the electric heater can be expanded in parallel according to needs.
4. The comprehensive energy peak shaving station constructed based on phase change energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the comprehensive energy peak regulation station also comprises an electrochemical energy storage system, and redundant energy of a wind power plant and/or a photovoltaic power plant and/or a power grid of the green power base is stored for standby use in the form of chemical energy through the electrochemical energy storage system.
5. The comprehensive energy peak shaving station constructed based on phase change energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the quantitative relation among the configuration quantity of the electric heaters in the molten salt electric heating furnace, the required molten salt configuration quality and the configuration volume of the molten salt tank in the comprehensive energy peak regulation station is designed according to a formula (1):
Figure FDA0003088414910000021
in the above formula, El_e、El_h、El_c、El_sRespectively the electric energy, heat energy, cold energy, steam energy required by the user in a typical day, ElossReleasing heat energy for high-temperature high-pressure steam and losing heat energy in the course of energy supply, Este_exoFor the external release of heat energy for the vapour-liquid phase change of the high-temperature high-pressure steam, Esat_exoThe molten salt liquid-solid phase change releases heat energy outwards, and the unit of the parameters is kJ;
in the above formula, etatson_e、ηtson_h、ηtransm_h、ηtson_c、COP、ηtson_s、ηtrans_s、ηe_hRespectively representing the electric energy transmission efficiency, the heat exchange efficiency, the cold energy transmission efficiency, the energy efficiency ratio of the absorption refrigeration device, the steam energy transmission efficiency, the heat exchange efficiency of the high-temperature molten salt and water and the electric heat conversion efficiency of the flexible heater, wherein the units are dimensionless;
in the above formula, Tcool、Tp_min、Tp_maxThe temperature of the solid molten salt in the cold salt storage tank, the lowest temperature of the solid-liquid phase change of the molten salt and the maximum temperature of the liquid molten salt stored in the hot salt storage tank are respectively, and the unit is;
in the above formula, Cp_s(T)、Cp_f(T) is the specific heat capacity of the solid molten salt and the temperature in a functional relation and the specific heat capacity of the liquid molten salt and the temperature in a functional relation respectively, and the unit is kJ/(kg DEG C); m issatThe total mass of the single-pot fused salt is kg; r issatThe unit is kJ/kg of latent heat coefficient of phase change of liquid molten salt; vsatThe volume of the tank body for storing the solid-liquid molten salt is m3；ρf_min、ρs_minRespectively the lowest value of the density of the liquid molten salt and the lowest value of the density of the solid molten salt, and the unit is kg/m3；KsatDesigning allowance correction coefficients for the volume of the molten salt tank, wherein the unit is dimensionless; pe_haAnd Pe_hsThe total electric power value required by electric heat conversion and the rated power of the standard modular high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace are respectively kW; n is a radical ofe_hThe total number of standard flexible heaters designed by adopting an upward rounding configuration is the unit of a table; delta tv_eThe heating time of the valley section of the power grid is h.
6. The peak shaving method of the comprehensive energy peak shaving station constructed based on the phase change energy storage according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps: the system comprises a main control system, wherein the main control system acquires the electricity-heat-cold-steam energy consumption power in real time, judges the time period of the power grid by means of a power grid peak-valley-ordinary period identification module, establishes a sub-cycle program for judging the constraint condition of the adjustment allowance by taking the upper limit value, the middle value and the lower limit value of the height of the high-temperature liquid molten salt of the molten salt hot salt tank, and is used for avoiding frequent start-stop control of the molten salt electric heating furnace.
7. The peak shaving method according to claim 6, wherein: the power grid peak-valley-peacetime period identification module judges that when the current power grid is in the power grid peak period, the power grid peak-valley-peacetime period identification module is divided into the following five working condition adjustment strategies according to the wind-light electricity abandoning constraint condition and the adjustment allowance constraint condition:
peak period condition 1: when the main control system of the peak regulation station detects that the formula (2) is met, the fused salt electric heating furnace absorbs wind, solar and waste electricity for energy storage, meanwhile, the main control system starts the energy release equipment and converts the fused salt liquid-solid phase change energy into electric energy, heat energy, cold energy and steam energy, the peak period scheduling requirement of the power grid is met, and the specific working state of related equipment controlled by the main control system is shown as the formula (3);
Figure FDA0003088414910000031
in the formula: hsat、Hsat_maxRespectively storing the real-time height and the upper limit value of the height of the high-temperature liquid molten salt stored in the hot salt tank;
Figure FDA0003088414910000032
in the formula: psatThe thermal power released by the molten salt is outwards, if a negative value appears, the molten salt is in a heat storage state; pall_refThe equivalent value of the total power of the electricity-heat-cold-steam energy of the user is obtained; krefIn order to consider the comprehensive correction parameters of the electricity-heat-cold-steam conversion and the transmission process efficiency, the value is more than 1; pe_hrThe actual operation power of the high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace is obtained; keThen, the value of the comprehensive correction factor considering the electricity-heat conversion efficiency and the transmission loss factor is less than 1; pe_ha、Pwpv_abRespectively the rated power sum of the high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace and the wind-solar electric power discard of the power grid; pl_eref、Pl_href、Pl_cref、Pl_srefAnd Pgen、Phs、Pcs、PssRespectively obtaining power values required by electricity-heat-cold-steam users and actual power output values of a generator, a heat source, a cold source and a steam source; plossThe heat power lost in the energy supply process;
peak period condition 2: when the main control system of the peak regulation station detects that the formula (4) is satisfied, a sub-cycle program is entered to judge whether the formula (5) condition is satisfied, and the formula (4) and the formula (5) condition are satisfied simultaneously, the main control system controls the molten salt electric heating furnace to stop running and not to store energy, and the main control system starts the energy release equipment to convert the stored high-temperature liquid molten salt into electric energy, heat energy, cold energy and steam energy through molten salt liquid-solid phase energy release, so as to satisfy the peak period scheduling requirement of the power grid, and the specific working state of the related equipment controlled by the main control system is as shown in the formula (6);
Figure FDA0003088414910000041
Figure FDA0003088414910000042
in the formula: kmaxThe value of the set threshold correction coefficient is less than 1;
Figure FDA0003088414910000043
peak period condition 3: when the peak regulation station main control system detects that the formulas (4) and (7) are met, the main control system returns the jumping-out sub-cycle program to the initial state of the control program;
Figure FDA0003088414910000044
peak period condition 4: when the peak regulation station main control system detects that the formula (8) is met, the main control system controls the molten salt electric heating furnace to stop running and not to store energy, the main control system starts the energy release equipment to convert the stored high-temperature liquid molten salt into electric energy, heat energy, cold energy and steam energy through molten salt liquid-solid phase conversion energy release, the peak period scheduling requirement of the power grid is met, and the specific working state of related equipment controlled by the main control system is shown as the formula (6);
Figure FDA0003088414910000051
in the formula: hsat_minSetting a real-time height lower limit of the high-temperature liquid flow molten salt of the heat storage tank;
peak period condition 5: when the peak regulation station main control system detects that the formula (9) is met, the main control system controls the energy storage equipment and the energy release equipment to stop running;
Figure FDA0003088414910000052
8. the peak shaving method according to claim 7, wherein: the power grid peak-valley-flat period identification module judges that when the current power grid is in the flat period of the power grid, the power grid peak-valley-flat period identification module is divided into the following four working condition adjustment strategies according to the wind-light electricity abandoning constraint condition and the adjustment allowance constraint condition:
flat period working condition 1: when the main control system of the peak regulation station detects that the formula (10) is satisfied, a sub-cycle program is entered to judge whether the formula (11) condition is satisfied, and the formula (10) and the formula (11) condition are satisfied simultaneously, the main control system controls the operation of the molten salt electric heating furnace at rated power to store energy, and simultaneously, the main control system starts energy release equipment to convert high-temperature liquid molten salt into electric energy, heat energy, cold energy and steam energy through molten salt liquid-solid phase energy release, so that the flat-time scheduling requirement of a power grid is satisfied, and the specific working state of related equipment controlled by the main control system is as shown in a formula (12);
Figure FDA0003088414910000053
Figure FDA0003088414910000054
in the formula: kmidThe threshold correction coefficient set for the reciprocating frequent starting of the large-scale high-voltage molten salt electric heating furnace is larger than 1; hsat_midThe real-time height intermediate value of the high-temperature liquid flow molten salt of the heat storage tank is set.
Figure FDA0003088414910000061
Normal operating condition 2: when the peak regulation station main control system detects that the formulas (10) and (13) are met, the main control system returns the jumping-out sub-cycle program to the initial state of the control program;
Figure FDA0003088414910000062
flat period working condition 3: when the peak regulation station main control system detects that the formula (14) is met, the main control system controls the molten salt electric heating furnace to stop running and not to store energy, the main control system starts the energy release equipment to convert the stored high-temperature liquid molten salt into electric energy, heat energy, cold energy and steam energy through molten salt liquid-solid phase conversion energy release, the peak period scheduling requirement of the power grid is met, and the specific working state of related equipment controlled by the main control system is shown as the formula (6);
Figure FDA0003088414910000063
flat period working condition 4: when the main control system of the peak regulation station detects that the wind, the light and the electricity of the power grid are abandoned, the main control system controls the response condition of each device and the peak period working conditions 1 to 3 of the power grid.
9. The peak shaving method according to claim 7, wherein: the power grid peak-valley-usual period identification module judges that when the current power grid is in the power grid valley period, adjustment is carried out according to the following three working conditions:
off-peak working condition 1: when the peak regulation station main control system detects that the formula (15) is met, the main control system controls the generator to stop running, the molten salt electric heating furnace utilizes valley electricity redundancy effective response to store energy, the main control system starts the energy release equipment and converts high-temperature liquid molten salt into heat energy, cold energy and steam energy through molten salt liquid-solid phase change energy release, the dispatching requirement of the valley period of the power grid is met, and the specific working state of related equipment controlled by the main control system is shown as the formula (16);
Hsat＜Hsat_max (15)
Figure FDA0003088414910000071
off-period working condition 2: when the main control system of the peak regulation station detects that the formula (17) is satisfied, a sub-cycle program is entered to judge whether the formula (18) condition is satisfied, and the formula (17) and the formula (18) condition are satisfied at the same time, the main control system controls the molten salt electric heating furnace and the generator to stop running, the main control system starts the energy release equipment to convert high-temperature liquid molten salt into heat energy, cold energy and steam energy through molten salt liquid-solid phase energy release so as to satisfy the scheduling requirement of the power grid in the flat period, and the specific working state of related equipment controlled by the main control system is shown as the formula (19);
Hsat≥Hsat_max (17)
Figure FDA0003088414910000072
Figure FDA0003088414910000073
off-period working condition 3: when the peak regulation station main control system detects that the formulas (17) and (20) are met, the main control system returns the jumping-out sub-cycle program to the initial state of the control program;
Figure FDA0003088414910000074
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WO2023168863A1 (en) * 2022-03-11 2023-09-14 西安热工研究院有限公司 System and method for implementing black start of thermal power generating unit by using molten salt heat storage
CN114513018A (en) * 2022-04-19 2022-05-17 中国科学院电工研究所 Output power regulating system of renewable energy power plant
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CN115711495B (en) * 2022-11-16 2023-09-12 中国核动力研究设计院 Energy storage power station and system special for power grid peak shaving
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