CN113314738A - Method for evaluating running health state of hydrogen fuel cell engine system - Google Patents
Method for evaluating running health state of hydrogen fuel cell engine system Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
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- 230000003862 health status Effects 0.000 claims description 9
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 53
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001453 impedance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 206010013496 Disturbance in attention Diseases 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses an evaluation method of the running health state of a hydrogen fuel cell engine system, which comprises the following steps of firstly, capturing the performance data of the hydrogen fuel cell stack engine system in a certain period: frequency f of start and stop of electric pile1Frequency f of variable load of electric pile2The ratio f of the unhealthy power interval3System lifting load rate f4(ii) a Setting a defined limit f for system performance datam1～fm4(ii) a Setting the influence factor K of each performance of the system on the service life of the system1～K4(ii) a Calculating hydrogen according to the performance data and the set limit value and the influence factorOperating state of health index L-K for fuel cell engine system1×f1/fm1+K2×f2/fm2+K3×f3/fm3+K4×f4/fm4(ii) a And finishing reminding operation according to the calculated running health state index value L of the hydrogen fuel cell engine system. The invention quantitatively expresses the health state of the fuel cell system and provides quick positive feedback from the system level, can efficiently and quickly improve the control and running state of the system, and is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the system and developing the healthy driving habits of drivers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cells, in particular to a method for evaluating the running health state of a hydrogen fuel cell engine system.
Background
The hydrogen fuel cell is a device which uses hydrogen and oxygen/air as reaction gases, and uses catalytic chemical reaction to reduce the energy barrier of oxygen reduction reaction, so that the reaction generates electrons, thereby forming current and providing electric energy for a load. The device utilizes the thermal cycle of the separated Carnot, has very high thermoelectric conversion efficiency, only produces water with zero pollution to the environment, and has absolute environmental friendliness. It is now widely used in portable power, stationary power/station, road traffic, marine and military applications. The hydrogen fuel cell powered vehicle is also used as an energy-consuming transportation vehicle, and the evaluation of the economy and the like is greatly influenced by energy consumption data, i.e., the operation cost of the vehicle is directly influenced by the level of energy consumption.
The power system can be designed into a full-power following mode power system and an electric-electric hybrid power system according to the power performance of the hydrogen fuel cell engine system. In the former system, a fuel cell engine is used as the main power source of the vehicle for output, and a low-capacity power battery is matched with the vehicle requirements to play a role in peak clipping and valley filling; in the latter, because the power response and the load lifting rate of a hydrogen fuel cell engine system are influenced by the design of the system, the instantaneity requirement of the vehicle power is difficult to meet, and a power battery with larger capacity or energy is configured to play a role in peak clipping and valley reduction in a larger range.
The factors influencing the service life of an engine system are numerous, and many of the factors are influenced by conditions such as power system configuration, working condition, driving habits, and finished automobile energy control strategies. How to quantify the influence factors to represent the running health state of the vehicle/engine system to guide a system supply plant, a whole vehicle plant, even a driver to adjust related strategies and driving habits can effectively prolong the service life of the whole vehicle and the hydrogen fuel cell engine.
Patent document 2 (patent No. CN201910410065.6) discloses a method, a system and a device for detecting the online life of a fuel cell of a new energy automobile, which specifically include the following steps: collecting the cell temperature, the cell hydrogen parameter, the cell air parameter, the current value and the voltage value of the fuel cell at the current moment in real time; calculating the ideal open-circuit electromotive force at the current moment according to the battery temperature, the battery hydrogen parameter and the battery air parameter; calculating to obtain concentration loss electromotive force and polarization loss electromotive force according to the current value, the voltage value and the ideal open-circuit electromotive force; and calculating the current direct current internal resistance of the fuel cell according to the concentration loss electromotive force and the polarization loss electromotive force and obtaining the health state index of the fuel cell.
Patent document 2 (patent No. CN201811493110.0) discloses a method for analyzing the state of health of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack, comprising the steps of: testing the output performance and the impedance spectrum of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack by using a fuel cell testing platform and an EIS testing platform; fitting an impedance spectrum experimental curve obtained by impedance spectrum testing to an equivalent circuit of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and obtaining an impedance spectrum fitting curve of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell by using fitting software and the equivalent circuit; and obtaining the running state of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack by combining the output performance of the fuel cell stack through an experimental curve and a fitting curve of the impedance spectrum.
In both of the above patent documents, the fuel cell body is tested for the performance such as current, voltage, electrochemical impedance spectrum, etc., to reflect the health state of the fuel cell itself, and the feedback speed is slow, so that the system control and the operation state cannot be efficiently and rapidly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the evaluation method for the running health state of the hydrogen fuel cell engine system is provided, the system health state is quantitatively expressed, rapid positive feedback is given from the system level, the system control and the running state are efficiently and rapidly improved, the system life is prolonged, and the healthy driving habits of drivers are developed.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for assessing the operating state of health of a hydrogen fuel cell engine system, comprising:
s1, firstly, capturing the performance data of the hydrogen fuel cell engine system in a certain period: frequency f of start and stop of electric pile1Frequency f of variable load of electric pile2The ratio f of the unhealthy power interval3System lifting load rate f4；
Setting the maximum frequency f allowed by the start and stop of the electric pilem1Allowed maximum variable load frequency f of electric pilem2The highest occupation ratio f of the unhealthy power interval of the electric pilem3Maximum speed f of lifting and lowering systemm4；
Setting an influence factor K of the start and stop of the electric pile on the service life of the system1Influence factor K of variable load frequency of electric pile on service life of system2Influence factor K of non-healthy power interval of electric pile on system life3Influence factor K of system load lifting rate on system service life4；
S2, calculating the hydrogen fuel cell engine system operation health state index value L according to the performance data captured in S1, the set limit value and the set influence factor:
L＝K1×F1+K2×F2+K3×F3+K4×F4；
wherein: f1＝f1/fm1,F2＝f2/fm2,F3＝f3/fm3,F4＝f4/fm4；
S3, according to the hydrogen fuel cell engine system running health state index value L calculated in S2, finishing the reminding operation:
s3-1, if L is larger than or equal to 1, stopping the system operation, simultaneously prompting serious health faults, and checking the system;
s3-2, if L is belonged to (0,1), judging F1～F4Whether there is a greater than 1:
s3-2-1, if F1～F4If the number is more than 1, prompting the corresponding health state;
s3-2-2, if F1～F4If the values are less than 1, the running state of the system is healthy.
Preferably, in step S3-2-2, the value of L and the set system health state index value recommendation value a are also determined0The size of (2):
if L is more than or equal to 0 and less than a0Prompting the health of the running state of the system;
if a0If L is less than or equal to 1, no indication is given.
Preferably, in step S1, a fuel cell vehicle controller (FCU) is used to capture performance data of the hydrogen fuel cell stack engine system and transmit the performance data to a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU); the Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) calculates the hydrogen fuel cell engine system operation state of health index value L and determines the state of health in steps S2 and S3.
Preferably, in step S3-2-1, if F1～F4Of greater than 1, wherein:
if F1>1, explaining that the startup and shutdown frequency of a pile exceeds the limit, and a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) reports 'please reduce the shutdown time' to an instrument through a communication system;
if F2>1, explaining that the variable load frequency of the electric pile exceeds the limit, and a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) reports 'please drive stably' to an instrument through a communication system;
if F3>1, explaining that the proportion of the unhealthy power interval exceeds the limit, and reporting an energy control imbalance alarm by a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) through TBOX;
if F4>1, the lifting and lowering load rate of the system is over-limit, and a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) sends the fault and data through a communication systemAnd reporting the frequency conversion rate exceeding alarm by the fuel cell automobile controller (FCU) through TBOX.
Preferably, said F1～F4Without exceeding the health index limit, F1～F4Outputting the calculated value; in the condition of exceeding the limit value of the health index, F1～F4The output is 1.
Preferably, the cycle of capturing the performance data of the hydrogen fuel cell stack engine system by the fuel cell automobile controller (FCU) and performing the calculation of L and the health state judgment by the Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) is the same cycle T0.
Preferably, the fuel cell automobile controller (FCU) or the Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) stores the health status alert and fault alarm information of the system, and in the next time period T1, the storage mechanism automatically eliminates the health status alert and fault alarm information of the previous period T0, and continuously keeps the health status alert and fault alarm information stored in the cloud data and maintains the health status alert and fault alarm information as data information.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the evaluation method for the running health state of the hydrogen fuel cell engine system quantitatively expresses the health state of the fuel cell system and provides quick positive feedback from the system level, can efficiently and quickly improve the system control and running state, and is favorable for prolonging the service life of the system and developing the healthy driving habits of drivers.
2. The invention judges the health state of the fuel cell engine system by a specific algorithm according to the actual running condition of the system, provides improvement measures, and transmits related information by an instrument, a communication system or a T-Box, so that a supplier or a driver can properly adjust products, control strategies or driving habits to prolong the service life of the system.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a hydrogen fuel cell engine system operating state of health assessment;
FIG. 2 is a data interaction diagram for evaluation of the operating state of health of a hydrogen fuel cell engine system.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the operating state of health of a hydrogen fuel cell engine system, comprising:
s1, firstly, capturing performance data of the hydrogen fuel cell stack engine system in a certain period by adopting a fuel cell automobile controller (FCU): frequency f of start and stop of electric pile1Frequency f of variable load of electric pile2The ratio f of the unhealthy power interval3System lifting load rate f4(ii) a And transmitting to a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU);
setting the maximum frequency f allowed by the start and stop of the electric pilem1Allowed maximum variable load frequency f of electric pilem2The highest occupation ratio f of the unhealthy power interval of the electric pilem3Maximum speed f of lifting and lowering systemm4(ii) a Each health index limit value can be locked according to the characteristics of related products;
setting an influence factor K of the start and stop of the electric pile on the service life of the system1Influence factor K of variable load frequency of electric pile on service life of system2Influence factor K of non-healthy power interval of electric pile on system life3Influence factor K of system load lifting rate on system service life4And each influence factor is adjusted according to the characteristics of the product.
The system state parameters affecting the system health may include various life-affecting conditions such as the number of cold starts at low temperature, the idle time ratio of the fuel cell system, and the like, in addition to the above-mentioned 4 categories, or may be reduced on the original basis.
S2, the Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) calculates the hydrogen fuel cell engine system running health state index value L according to the performance data captured in S1, the set limit value and the set influence factor:
L＝K1×F1+K2×F2+K3×F3+K4×F4；
wherein: f1＝f1/fm1,F2＝f2/fm2,F3＝f3/fm3,F4＝f4/fm4；
S3, according to the hydrogen fuel cell engine system running health state index value L calculated in S2, finishing the reminding operation:
s3-1, if L is larger than or equal to 1, stopping the system operation, simultaneously prompting serious health faults, and checking the system;
s3-2, if L is belonged to (0,1), judging F1～F4Whether there is a greater than 1:
s3-2-1, if F1～F4If the number is more than 1, prompting the corresponding health state; wherein:
if F1>1, explaining that the startup and shutdown frequency of a pile exceeds the limit, and a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) reports 'please reduce the shutdown time' to an instrument through a communication system;
if F2>1, explaining that the variable load frequency of the electric pile exceeds the limit, and a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) reports 'please drive stably' to an instrument through a communication system;
if F3>1, explaining that the proportion of the unhealthy power interval exceeds the limit, and reporting an energy control imbalance alarm by a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) through TBOX;
if F4>The system lifting load rate is over-limited, a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) sends the fault and data to a fuel cell vehicle control unit (FCU) through a communication system, and the fuel cell vehicle control unit (FCU) reports the alarm that the frequency conversion rate exceeds the standard through TBOX.
S3-2-2, if F1～F4If the values are less than 1, the system running state is healthy, and the value of L and the set system health state index value recommended value a are further judged0The size of (2):
if L is more than or equal to 0 and less than a0Prompting the health of the running state of the system;
if a0L is less than or equal to 1, no prompt is given;
different systems may differ for the system operating health indicator recommendation a 0.
Said F1～F4Without exceeding the health index limit, F1～F4Outputting the calculated value; under the condition of exceeding the limit value of the health index，F1～F4The output is 1.
The period of capturing performance data of a hydrogen fuel cell stack engine system by the fuel cell automobile controller (FCU) and carrying out L calculation and health state judgment by a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) is the same period T0. The fuel cell automobile controller (FCU) or the Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) stores the health state reminding and fault alarm information of the system, and in the next time period T1, the storage mechanism automatically eliminates the health state reminding and fault alarm information of the last period T0, and continuously keeps the health state reminding and fault alarm information stored in cloud data and maintains the health state reminding and fault alarm information as data information.
Fault alarm and health indexes in the FCU and the VCU can be automatically eliminated, and can also be stored off line; similarly, the cloud data can be erased or retained.
The calculation and storage time period T0, which may be adjusted according to the situation; the recommended evaluation is based on the accumulated data in one day, and the evaluation is calculated once per hour, and the latest result is displayed. The first day fault alarm is stored in the VCU or FCU storage mechanism, the fault or alarm in the second day storage mechanism is automatically eliminated, but the fault or alarm in the cloud data does not disappear and is maintained as data information.
The following possible specific technical embodiments are specifically exemplified.
Example 1
Factors affecting system life of a hydrogen fuel cell engine system include: the weighting factor K of the influence on the system life caused by the number of times of startup and shutdown of the galvanic pile, the number of times of load change and over-frequency, overlarge interval of unhealthy target power, and overhigh load lifting rate1＝K2＝K3＝K4＝0.25，a0Definition 0.5.
The specific influencing factor indexes include: the pile starting and stopping times of the electric pile do not exceed 3 times/day; the frequency conversion rate of the galvanic pile is not less than 6 times/h frequency conversion interval; the proportion of the unhealthy power interval is not higher than 5%; the lifting load speed does not exceed 1.0kW/s,
the actual data are as follows: the frequency of the start and the stop of the galvanic pile is 5 times/day, the minimum frequency conversion rate of the galvanic pile is 4 times/h, the non-healthy power interval accounts for 7 percent, and the lifting load rate is 1.2 kW/s.
The system operation health index calculation formula becomes:
L＝0.25×5/3+0.25×4/6+0.25×7/5+0.25×1.2/1.0＝1.233
the VCU sends an emergency shutdown instruction and the concurrence instrument reminds that the electric pile shutdown and the inspection are caused by abnormal health state "
The data acquisition and calculation time period is 30min, the T1 result replaces the T0 result, and all fault records are permanently saved in the Tbox.
Example 2
System lifetime influencing factors include: the weighting factor K of the influence on the system life caused by the number of times of startup and shutdown of the galvanic pile, the number of times of load change and over-frequency, the over-high lifting load rate, the over-large interval of the unhealthy target power1＝0.3，K2＝0.2，K3＝0.48，K4＝0.02。
The specific influencing factor indexes include: the frequency of starting and stopping the electric pile is not more than 5 times/day, the frequency conversion rate of the electric pile is not less than 10 times/h frequency conversion interval, the proportion of the non-healthy power interval is not more than 5%, and the lifting load rate is not more than 3.0 kW/s.
The actual data are as follows: the frequency of the start and the stop of the galvanic pile is 4 times/day, the minimum frequency conversion rate of the galvanic pile is 4 times/h, the non-healthy power interval accounts for 3 percent, and the lifting load rate is 6.0 kW/s.
The system operation health index calculation formula becomes:
L＝0.30×4/5+0.20×4/10+0.48×3/5+0.02×6.0/3.0＝0.648
the VCU sends a fault code to the FCU, and the concurrence meter reminds that the driver is driving steadily. The data acquisition and calculation time period was 60min, the T1 results replaced the T0 results, and all fault records were saved in Tbox for 3 months.
Example 3
System lifetime influencing factors include: the number of times of startup and shutdown, the number of times of load change and overclocking, and the lifting load rate are too high, the weighting factor K1 which influences the service life of the system is 0.4, K2 is 0.2, K3 is 0.2, a0Definition 0.4.
The specific influencing factor indexes include: the pile starting and stopping times of the electric pile do not exceed 8 times/day; the frequency conversion rate of the galvanic pile is not less than 15 times/h frequency conversion interval; the lifting load speed does not exceed 3.0 kW/s.
The actual data are as follows: the frequency of the start and the stop of the galvanic pile is 2 times/day, the minimum frequency conversion rate of the galvanic pile is 2 times/h, and the lifting load rate is 2.0 kW/s.
The system operation health index calculation formula becomes:
L＝0.40×2/8+0.20×2/15+0.20×2.0/3.0＝0.26
0.26 < a0(0.4), then the VCU issues an alarm to remind "healthy driving status".
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All modifications made according to the spirit of the main technical scheme of the invention are covered in the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for assessing the state of health of an operating hydrogen fuel cell engine system, comprising:
s1, firstly, capturing the performance data of the hydrogen fuel cell engine system in a certain period: frequency f of start and stop of electric pile1Frequency f of variable load of electric pile2The ratio f of the unhealthy power interval3System lifting load rate f4；
Setting the maximum frequency f allowed by the start and stop of the electric pilem1Allowed maximum variable load frequency f of electric pilem2The highest occupation ratio f of the unhealthy power interval of the electric pilem3Maximum speed f of lifting and lowering systemm4；
Setting an influence factor K of the start and stop of the electric pile on the service life of the system1Influence factor K of variable load frequency of electric pile on service life of system2Influence factor K of non-healthy power interval of electric pile on system life3Influence factor K of system load lifting rate on system service life4；
S2, calculating the hydrogen fuel cell engine system operation health state index value L according to the performance data captured in S1, the set limit value and the set influence factor:
L＝K1×F1+K2×F2+K3×F3+K4×F4；
wherein: f1＝f1/fm1,F2＝f2/fm2,F3＝f3/fm3,F4＝f4/fm4；
S3, according to the hydrogen fuel cell engine system running health state index value L calculated in S2, finishing the reminding operation:
s3-1, if L is larger than or equal to 1, stopping the system operation, simultaneously prompting serious health faults, and checking the system;
s3-2, if L is belonged to (0,1), judging F1～F4Whether there is a greater than 1:
s3-2-1, if F1～F4If the number is more than 1, prompting the corresponding health state;
s3-2-2, if F1～F4If the values are less than 1, the running state of the system is healthy.
2. The method for assessing the operational state of health of a hydrogen fuel cell engine system as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3-2-2, the value of L and the set system state of health index value recommendation value a are also determined0The size of (2):
if L is more than or equal to 0 and less than a0Prompting the health of the running state of the system;
if a0If L is less than or equal to 1, no indication is given.
3. The method for assessing the health status of a hydrogen-fueled engine system according to claim 2, wherein in step S1, the fuel cell vehicle controller (FCU) is used to capture the performance data of the hydrogen-fueled stack engine system and transmit the data to the Vehicle Control Unit (VCU); the Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) calculates the hydrogen fuel cell engine system operation state of health index value L and determines the state of health in steps S2 and S3.
4. The hydrogen fuel cell engine system operating key of claim 2The method for evaluating health condition, characterized in that, in step S3-2-1, if F1～F4Of greater than 1, wherein:
if F1>1, explaining that the startup and shutdown frequency of a pile exceeds the limit, and a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) reports 'please reduce the shutdown time' to an instrument through a communication system;
if F2>1, explaining that the variable load frequency of the electric pile exceeds the limit, and a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) reports 'please drive stably' to an instrument through a communication system;
if F3>1, explaining that the proportion of the unhealthy power interval exceeds the limit, and reporting an energy control imbalance alarm by a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) through TBOX;
if F4>The system lifting load rate is over-limited, a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) sends the fault and data to a fuel cell vehicle control unit (FCU) through a communication system, and the fuel cell vehicle control unit (FCU) reports the alarm that the frequency conversion rate exceeds the standard through TBOX.
5. The hydrogen fuel cell engine system operation state of health evaluation method according to claim 4, wherein F is1～F4Without exceeding the health index limit, F1～F4Outputting the calculated value; in the condition of exceeding the limit value of the health index, F1～F4The output is 1.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the period of capturing the performance data of the hydrogen fuel cell engine system by the fuel cell vehicle controller (FCU) and the period of calculating L and judging the health status by the Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) are the same period T0.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the fuel cell vehicle controller (FCU) or Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) stores the system health status alert and fault alarm information, and in a next time period T1, the storage mechanism automatically eliminates the health status alert and fault alarm information of the previous time period T0, and the health status alert and fault alarm information is continuously stored in cloud data and maintained as data information.
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