CN113311616A - Liquid crystal display unit and liquid crystal display module - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display unit and liquid crystal display module Download PDFInfo
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- CN113311616A CN113311616A CN202110744989.7A CN202110744989A CN113311616A CN 113311616 A CN113311616 A CN 113311616A CN 202110744989 A CN202110744989 A CN 202110744989A CN 113311616 A CN113311616 A CN 113311616A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133553—Reflecting elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13356—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors characterised by the placement of the optical elements
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- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
A liquid crystal display unit and liquid crystal display module, the liquid crystal display unit includes: the light-emitting structure is positioned between the first reflecting surface and the reflective polarization layer, and the first reflecting surface is used for reflecting light rays incident to the first reflecting surface; the reflective polarizing layer is used for reflecting light rays with a first polarization direction and transmitting light rays with a second polarization direction; the liquid crystal layer is positioned between the emergent polarization layer and the reflection polarization layer, and light rays transmitted through the reflection polarization layer are transmitted through the liquid crystal layer and then are emitted from the emergent polarization layer to realize display. The liquid crystal display unit can simplify the structure and is beneficial to further improving the integration level.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of display, in particular to a liquid crystal display unit and a liquid crystal display module.
Background
Liquid crystal displays are widely used in various fields due to their advantages of small size, light weight, low radiation, etc. The lcd mainly comprises a backlight assembly and an lcd panel, and the backlight assembly is used to provide light required by the lcd to display images because the lcd panel does not emit light.
With the development of various electronic component technologies, the integration level of the display device is required to be higher and higher by the electronic device. Because the liquid crystal display realizes image display based on the polarization characteristic of light, and the existing backlight component can only generate non-linear polarization light, the liquid crystal panel must include a polarizer, thereby limiting the further improvement of the integration level of the liquid crystal display, and the adoption of the polarizer also has the problems of light-emitting efficiency waste and high energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a liquid crystal display unit and a liquid crystal display module to further improve the integration level of a liquid crystal display device.
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a liquid crystal display unit, comprising:
a light emitting structure adapted to generate light; the first reflecting surface is positioned on one side of the light-emitting structure and used for reflecting light rays incident to the first reflecting surface; the reflective polarizing layer is positioned on the other side of the light-emitting structure and is used for reflecting light rays with a first polarization direction and transmitting light rays with a second polarization direction; the liquid crystal layer is positioned between the emergent polarization layer and the reflection polarization layer, and light rays transmitted through the reflection polarization layer are transmitted through the liquid crystal layer and then are emitted from the emergent polarization layer to realize display.
Optionally, the liquid crystal display unit further includes: a scattering layer between the first reflective surface and the reflective polarizer layer, the scattering layer adapted to deflect a portion of the transmitted light from an original direction of propagation.
Optionally, the light emitting structure includes: the LED lamp comprises a first light emitting layer and a second light emitting layer, wherein the first light emitting layer generates first light, the second light emitting layer generates second light, and photon energy of the first light is not equal to photon energy of the second light.
Optionally, the second light emitting layer absorbs a portion of the first light to generate a second light.
Optionally, the first light emitting layer is a blue light emitting layer; the second light-emitting layer is a quantum dot light-emitting layer.
Optionally, a spectrum of mixed light formed by mixing the first light transmitted through the reflective polarizing layer and the second light transmitted through the reflective polarizing layer meets a spectrum requirement of a backlight of a liquid crystal display.
Optionally, the spectrum of the light generated by the light emitting structure meets the spectrum requirement of the backlight of the liquid crystal display.
Optionally, a resonant cavity is formed between the first reflective surface and the reflective polarizing layer, and a Q value of the resonant cavity is adjusted to change a spectrum of light incident to the liquid crystal layer.
Optionally, the reflective polarization layer includes a polarizer composed of a reflective polarization enhancement film or a highly reflective metal grid, or a polarizer formed by designing different optical forbidden bands and pass bands for different polarizations based on photonic crystals.
Optionally, the method further includes: a deflecting layer between the reflective polarizing layer and the first reflective surface, the deflecting layer adapted to change the polarization state of light transmitted through the deflecting layer compared to the polarization state of light incident on the deflecting layer.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a liquid crystal display module, comprising: the display device comprises at least two display assemblies, wherein each display assembly comprises a plurality of liquid crystal display units, and each liquid crystal display unit is the liquid crystal display unit of the invention.
Optionally, the method further includes: a control device adapted to control the plurality of display elements to achieve optimization of the image display.
Optionally, the control device controls the plurality of display components by using a local dimmable technology.
Optionally, the display assembly includes three liquid crystal display units.
Optionally, the three liquid crystal display units in the same display module are arranged in an L shape or a T shape.
Optionally, the liquid crystal display units in all the display modules form a liquid crystal display array.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
in the technical scheme of the invention, the light generated by the light-emitting structure is transmitted back and forth between the reflective polarization layer and the first reflection surface to form resonance, and only the light with the second polarization direction can transmit through the reflective polarization layer, so that the light is projected to the liquid crystal layer and is used for realizing display. Therefore, the reflection polarization layer can be matched with the first reflection surface to realize the resonance of light, and can also be used as a polarizer in the liquid crystal display unit, so that the structure of the liquid crystal display unit can be effectively simplified, and the integration level of the liquid crystal display device can be further improved.
In an alternative aspect of the present invention, the liquid crystal display unit further includes: a scattering layer between the first reflective surface and the reflective polarizer layer, the scattering layer adapted to deflect a portion of the transmitted light from an original direction of propagation. The arrangement of the scattering layer can effectively improve the uniformity of the light rays generated by the light-emitting structure in the liquid crystal display unit, and is favorable for improving the display effect.
In an alternative aspect of the present invention, the light emitting structure includes: the LED comprises a first light emitting layer and a second light emitting layer, wherein the first light emitting layer generates first light, the second light emitting layer generates second light, and the photon energy of the first light is not equal to that of the second light; the spectrum of mixed light formed by mixing the first light rays transmitted through the reflective polarizing layer and the second light rays transmitted through the reflective polarizing layer meets the spectrum requirement of the backlight of the liquid crystal display; a resonant cavity is formed between the first reflecting surface and the reflecting polarization layer, and the spectrum of light rays incident to the liquid crystal layer can be changed by adjusting the Q value of the resonant cavity, so that the backlight spectrum can be adjusted according to specific needs, and a larger adjusting space is provided for improving the display effect.
In an alternative scheme of the invention, the liquid crystal display unit further comprises a deflection layer, and the polarization state of the transmitted light can be changed compared with the polarization state of the incident light by the deflection layer, so that the light generated by the light-emitting structure can be emitted from the light-emitting structure as much as possible by the combination of the deflection layer and the reflection polarization layer, the light-emitting efficiency can be effectively improved, and the energy consumption can be effectively reduced.
In an alternative scheme of the present invention, the control device optimizes image display by controlling the plurality of display modules, and since light generated by the light emitting structure in the liquid crystal display unit propagates back and forth between the first reflective surface and the reflective polarizing layer, the consistency of the propagation direction of light transmitted through the reflective polarizing layer is strong, so that optical coupling between different display modules can be effectively reduced, and the improvement of the display effect of the local adjustable backlight technology is facilitated; in addition, when the liquid crystal display unit is provided with the scattering layer, the scattering layer can improve the uniformity of light intensity distribution in a single liquid crystal display unit, and is favorable for further improving the display effect.
In an alternative aspect of the invention, the display assembly comprises three liquid crystal display cells. Compared with the prior art that four liquid crystal display units form one display assembly, the scheme of the invention can ensure the image display effect and greatly reduce the hardware cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a liquid crystal display unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a liquid crystal display unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a top view of a liquid crystal display module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a liquid crystal display module according to another embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
As can be seen from the background art, the liquid crystal display in the prior art has a problem of insufficient integration. The reason for the insufficient integration level problem is now analyzed in conjunction with a liquid crystal display structure:
referring to fig. 1, a schematic cross-sectional structure of a liquid crystal display is shown.
The liquid crystal display includes: a backlight assembly 11 and a liquid crystal display panel 12. The liquid crystal display panel 12 modulates light generated by the backlight assembly 11 to realize display of an image. Generally, the light generated by the backlight assembly 11 has no specific polarization direction; the side of the liquid crystal display panel facing the backlight assembly 11 has a polarizing plate as a polarizer, and thus the thickness of the liquid crystal display panel is difficult to be further reduced, which affects further improvement of the integration of the liquid crystal display.
In addition, after the light generated by the backlight assembly 11 is transmitted through the polarizer plate serving as a polarizer in the backlight assembly 11, the light intensity is cut by half, that is, half of the energy in the light generated by the backlight assembly 11 is not utilized, so the light energy loss is large, and the problem of large energy consumption of the liquid crystal display is also caused.
To solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a liquid crystal display unit, comprising:
a light emitting structure adapted to generate light; the first reflecting surface is positioned on one side of the light-emitting structure and used for reflecting light rays incident to the first reflecting surface; the reflective polarizing layer is positioned on the other side of the light-emitting structure and is used for reflecting light rays with a first polarization direction and transmitting light rays with a second polarization direction; the liquid crystal layer is positioned between the emergent polarization layer and the reflection polarization layer, and light rays transmitted through the reflection polarization layer are transmitted through the liquid crystal layer and then are emitted from the emergent polarization layer to realize display.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the light generated by the light-emitting structure is transmitted back and forth between the reflective polarization layer and the first reflection surface to form resonance, and only the light with the second polarization direction can transmit through the reflective polarization layer, so that the light is projected to the liquid crystal layer and is used for realizing display. Therefore, the reflection polarization layer can be matched with the first reflection surface to realize the resonance of light, and can also be used as a polarizer in the liquid crystal display unit, so that the structure of the liquid crystal display unit can be effectively simplified, and the integration level of the liquid crystal display device can be further improved.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of a liquid crystal display unit of the invention is shown.
The liquid crystal display unit includes: a light emitting structure 110, said light emitting structure 110 adapted to generate light; a first reflective surface 120, wherein the first reflective surface 120 is located at one side of the light emitting structure 110, and the first reflective surface 120 is used for reflecting light incident to the first reflective surface 120; a reflective polarizing layer 130, wherein the reflective polarizing layer 130 is located at the other side of the light emitting structure 110, and the reflective polarizing layer 130 is used for reflecting light with a first polarization direction and transmitting light with a second polarization direction; the liquid crystal layer 150 is located between the emergent polarization layer 140 and the reflective polarization layer 130, and the light transmitted through the reflective polarization layer 130 is transmitted through the liquid crystal layer 150 and then is emitted from the emergent polarization layer 140 to realize display.
The light generated by the light emitting structure 110 propagates back and forth between the reflective polarizing layer 130 and the first reflective surface 120 to form resonance, and only the light with the second polarization direction can transmit through the reflective polarizing layer 130, that is, the light emitted from the reflective polarizing layer 130 is linearly polarized light with a specific polarization orientation, so that the reflective polarizing layer 130 can not only cooperate with the first reflective surface 120 to realize the resonance of the light, but also can be used as a polarizer in a liquid crystal display unit. Therefore, the reflective polarization layer 130 can cooperate with the emergent polarization layer 140 to form a liquid crystal cell, so that the structure of the liquid crystal display unit can be effectively simplified, and the integration of the liquid crystal display device can be further improved.
The following describes specific technical solutions of embodiments of the liquid crystal display unit in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The light emitting structure 110 can generate light, and the light generated by the light emitting structure 110 is modulated to display an image.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the light emitting structure 110 comprises: the light emitting diode comprises a first light emitting layer 111 and a second light emitting layer 112, wherein the first light emitting layer 111 generates a first light ray, the second light emitting layer 112 generates a second light ray, and photon energies of the first light ray and the second light ray are unequal.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the second light-emitting layer 112 absorbs a portion of the first light to generate a second light, that is, the photon energy of the second light is higher than the photon energy of the first light, and the second light is used to excite the second light-emitting layer 112 to generate the second light.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first light emitting layer 111 is a blue light emitting layer; the second light emitting layer 112 is a quantum dot light emitting layer. The first light-emitting layer 111 is a blue light-emitting layer, and the generated first light is blue light with higher photon energy; the second light emitting layer 112 is a quantum dot light emitting layer, and can generate a second light ray with lower photon energy under excitation of blue light, that is, the second light emitting layer 112 can absorb a portion of the first light ray to generate the second light ray.
The first reflective surface 120 is disposed at one side of the light emitting structure 110 and adapted to reflect light incident on the first reflective surface 120.
The light generated by the light emitting structure 110 can be transmitted to two sides of the light emitting structure 110, and therefore, the arrangement of the first reflecting surface 120 can reflect the light generated by the light emitting structure 110 and transmitted toward one side of the first reflecting surface 120, so that the light generated by the light emitting structure 110 is transmitted toward the other side as much as possible, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the light emitting efficiency.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid crystal display unit further comprises: an electrode layer 121, wherein a surface of the electrode layer 121 facing the light emitting structure 110 is the first reflective surface 120. The electrode layer 121 is electrically connected to the light emitting structure 110 to connect the light emitting structure 110 to an external circuit.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the material of the electrode layer 121 is a high-reflectivity material, and in general, the reflectivity of the electrode layer 121 to light is not lower than 10%. Specifically, the material of the electrode layer 121 is metal.
The light generated by the light emitting structure 110 propagates toward both sides. The material of the electrode layer 121 is set to be a high-reflectivity material, and the first reflecting surface 120 is formed by using the existing electrode layer 121, so that the method is simple and convenient, has little influence on the existing structure, can effectively control the process cost, and ensures the yield.
The reflective polarizing layer 130 reflects incident light having a first polarization direction and transmits incident light having a second polarization direction, so that light emitted from the reflective polarizing layer 130 is linearly polarized light having a specific polarization orientation, and thus the light emitted from the reflective polarizing layer 130 can be directly used for modulation to realize image display, even if the reflective polarizing layer 130 also plays a role of a polarizer in the liquid crystal display unit, so as to avoid an additional polarizer serving as a polarizer, thereby achieving the purposes of bonding a unit structure and improving integration level.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the light emitting structure 110 comprises: a first light emitting layer 111 generating a first light and a second light emitting layer 112 generating a second light, and the second light emitting layer 112 absorbs a portion of the first light to generate the second light, so that a portion of the first light generated by the first light emitting layer 111 is absorbed by the second light emitting layer 112 to generate the second light, and another portion of the first light is projected onto the reflective polarizing layer 130, wherein a portion of the first light having a second polarization direction is transmitted through the reflective polarizing layer 130; after the second light generated by the second light emitting layer 112 is projected onto the reflective polarizer 130, a part having a second polarization direction is transmitted through the reflective polarizer 130; it can be seen that the light transmitted through the reflective polarizing layer 130 is a mixture of the first light and the second light. The light emitted from the reflective polarizer 130 can be directly used for modulation to perform image display, so the spectrum of the light emitted from the reflective polarizer 130 meets the requirement of the backlight spectrum of the liquid crystal display, that is, the spectrum of the mixed light formed by mixing the first light transmitted through the reflective polarizer 130 and the second light transmitted through the reflective polarizer 130 meets the requirement of the backlight spectrum of the liquid crystal display.
In some embodiments of the invention, the second polarization direction comprises a polarization state orthogonal to the first polarization direction. In other embodiments of the present invention, the second polarization direction may also be a polarization state oblique to the first polarization direction.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid crystal display unit has a second reflective surface 131, the second reflective surface 131 is disposed opposite to the first reflective surface 120, and the second reflective surface 131 is configured to reflect at least a portion of light incident on the second reflective surface 131, so that the light emitted from the light emitting structure 110 can return back and forth between the first reflective surface 120 and the second reflective surface 131 for propagation.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, a surface of the reflective polarizer 130 facing the light emitting structure 110 is the second reflective surface 131. The second reflecting surface 131 is formed by using the existing film layer structure, so that the method is simple and convenient, the design of the existing light-emitting structure can be changed as little as possible, a polarized light-emitting cavity is formed, the process cost can be effectively controlled, and the yield can be ensured.
After a part of the light generated by the light emitting structure 110 is projected onto the reflective polarizing layer 130, the reflective polarizing layer 130 divides the light into a part of the light having a first polarization direction and another part of the light having a second polarization direction. Wherein another portion of the light having the second polarization direction is transmitted through the reflective polarizing layer 130 for display; a part of the light with the first polarization direction is reflected by the second reflective surface 131 and propagates along the direction of the reflective polarization layer 130 toward the light emitting structure 110; after the light propagating in the direction toward the first reflective surface 120 is projected onto the electrode layer 121, the light is reflected by the first reflective surface 120 and propagates in the direction of the electrode layer 121 toward the light emitting structure 110.
Specifically, after a part of the light generated by the light emitting structure 110 is projected onto the reflective polarizing layer 130, the reflective polarizing layer 130 divides the light into P light parallel to the incident plane and S light perpendicular to the incident plane. Wherein the P light is transmitted through the reflective polarizing layer 130 for display; the S light is reflected by the second reflective surface 131 and propagates along the direction of the reflective polarizer 130 toward the light emitting structure 110; after the light propagating in the direction toward the first reflective surface 120 is projected onto the electrode layer 121, the light is reflected by the first reflective surface 120 and propagates in the direction of the electrode layer 121 toward the light emitting structure 110.
The first reflecting surface 120 and the second reflecting surface 131 are oppositely arranged to form a similar fabry-perot cavity structure; the light emitting structure 110 is located between the first reflective surface 120 and the second reflective surface 131 and generates light. The light generated by the light emitting structure 110 propagates to both sides, wherein the light with the second polarization direction can exit from one side of the reflective polarizing layer 130, and the light with the first polarization direction returns back and forth between the first reflective surface 120 and the second reflective surface 131.
Moreover, after the light reflected by the second reflecting surface 131 is projected onto the first reflecting surface 120, because the electrode layer 121 has a high reflectivity, the part of the light will be reflected again on the electrode layer 121 to become light propagating along the direction toward the reflective polarizing layer 130, wherein a small part of the light will be changed to have the second polarization direction due to the optical structure and finally exit from the reflective polarizing layer 130. Therefore, the reflective polarizing layer 130 can be used as a polarizer of the liquid crystal display unit, and can also increase the proportion of light rays for display in the light rays generated by the light emitting structure 110, that is, can effectively increase the utilization rate of light energy.
Specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, the reflective polarizer layer 130 is a polarizer made of a reflective Brightness Enhancement Film (DBEF) or a highly reflective metal grid, or a polarizer formed by designing different optical forbidden bands and pass bands for different polarizations based on photonic crystals, and the like.
The emergent polarization layer 140 serves as an analyzer for displaying images, and the liquid crystal layer 150 can change the polarization direction of the transmitted light under the control of an electric signal to modulate the light. The exit polarizer 140 and the reflective polarizer 130 cooperate to form a liquid crystal cell.
Since the reflective polarizing layer 130 functions as a polarizer in the liquid crystal display unit, the light emitted from the reflective polarizing layer 130 is directly projected to the liquid crystal layer 150 for modulation.
It should be noted that a resonant cavity is formed between the first reflective surface 120 and the reflective polarizing layer 130, and the light generated by the light emitting structure 110 propagates back and forth in the resonant cavity. The first light generated by the first light-emitting layer 111 can excite the second light-emitting layer 112 to generate a second light; therefore, the less the first light emitted from the reflective polarizer 130, the more the first light reciprocally propagating in the resonant cavity, the more the second light generated by exciting the second light-emitting layer 112, and therefore, the less the first light and the more the second light are in the mixed light projected to the liquid crystal layer 150; on the contrary, the more the first light emitted from the reflective polarizer 130, the less the first light reciprocally propagating in the resonant cavity, the less the second light generated by exciting the second light emitting layer 112, and therefore, the more the first light and the less the second light are in the mixed light projected to the liquid crystal layer 150. Therefore, adjusting the Q value of the resonant cavity can adjust the ratio of the first light to the second light in the mixed light incident to the liquid crystal layer 150, and the photon energies of the first light and the second light are not equal, so that adjusting the Q value of the resonant cavity can achieve the effect of changing the spectrum of the light incident to the liquid crystal layer 150. The Q value (i.e., quality factor) of the resonant cavity is a parameter for measuring the energy storage and frequency selection capabilities of the resonant cavity. The more the storage capacity in the cavity, the higher the Q value.
Specifically, the Q value of the resonant cavity is adjusted by at least one of the design of the resonant cavity and the design of the light emitting structure. Wherein the resonant cavity design comprises: the structure design of the resonant cavity, for example, the design of parameters such as the reflectivity of the first reflecting surface, the reflectivity of the reflective polarization layer, the polarization direction and the like; the light emitting structure design includes: the selection of the materials of the first light-emitting layer and the second light-emitting layer and the design of the structural parameters are related to the absorption coefficient, the light-emitting spectrum and the efficiency of the second light-emitting layer.
With continued reference to fig. 2, in some embodiments of the invention, the liquid crystal display unit further comprises: a scattering layer 160, said scattering layer 160 being located between said first reflective surface 120 and said reflective polarizer layer 130, said scattering layer 160 being adapted to deflect a portion of the transmitted light from an original direction of propagation.
The arrangement of the scattering layer 160 can effectively improve the uniformity of the light generated by the light-emitting structure 110 in the liquid crystal display unit, can effectively improve the uniformity of the light generated by the liquid crystal display unit in the liquid crystal display unit range, and is beneficial to improving the display effect.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the scattering layer 160 is located between the light emitting structure 110 and the reflective polarizing layer 130, so as to avoid the light shielding by the structure of the light emitting structure 110 itself, which is beneficial to further improving the uniformity of the light.
It should be noted that, since the arrangement of the scattering layer changes the Q value of the resonant cavity between the first reflective surface 120 and the reflective polarizing layer 130, in some embodiments of the present invention, the mean free path of the transmitted light photons can be adjusted through the design of the scattering layer 160, so as to adjust the Q value of the resonant cavity and change the uniformity of the light within the liquid crystal display unit.
With continued reference to fig. 2, in some embodiments of the invention, the liquid crystal display unit further comprises: a deflecting layer 170, said deflecting layer 170 being positioned between said reflective polarizing layer 130 and said first reflective surface 120, said deflecting layer 170 being adapted to cause a change in the polarization state of light transmitted through said deflecting layer 170 as compared to the polarization state of light incident on said deflecting layer 170.
The deflection layer 170 can change the polarization state of the transmitted light compared with the polarization state of the incident light, so that the arrangement of the deflection layer 170 and the reflective polarization layer 113 can make the light generated by the light emitting structure 110 exit from the reflective polarization layer 130 as much as possible, thereby effectively improving the light emitting efficiency and effectively reducing the energy consumption.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the changing the polarization state of the light transmitted through the deflecting layer 170 by the deflecting layer 170 comprises: the deflecting layer 170 changes the energy distribution of light transmitted through the deflecting layer 170 in each polarization direction.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the changing the polarization state of the light transmitted through the deflecting layer 170 by the deflecting layer 170 comprises: the deflecting layer 170 changes the polarization direction of the light transmitted through the deflecting layer 170 compared to the polarization direction of the light incident on the deflecting layer 170, and/or generates a phase difference between different components of the light transmitted through the deflecting layer 170.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the material of the deflecting layer 170 is a film layer of light-transmissive material having birefringence. The deflecting layer 170 rotates the polarization direction of the transmitted light by 90 or other desired degree. In other embodiments of the present invention, the deflecting layer may also be formed by plasma (plasmonics), that is, a conductor with high conductivity is used to make different nanoscale properties, so as to affect the phase and polarization of light propagation. The plasma is a metal structure of nanometer scale, adopts different properties, and changes the properties of light waves such as polarization state by absorbing and reflecting electromagnetic waves. The main principle is that light waves only have vertical interfaces, and the polarization state along the normal direction does not excite the plasma action. The polarization along the tangent of the surface drives the electrons to walk, which couple with the conductive properties of the metal to form a plasma state. The state has the characteristics of electrons and light under the nanometer scale, the intrinsic wavelength of the state is very small, and imaging mechanisms and the like which are much more than the wavelength of light waves can be formed.
Specifically, the deflecting layer 170 includes at least one of a half-wave plate, an electro-optic crystal layer, a polarization anisotropic photonic crystal layer, and the like, which can generate different phases for the light rays with different polarization directions. The half-wave plate is equivalent to producing a phase difference between the fast and slow axes of the optical device of odd multiples of wavelength/2, i.e. the phase of one polarization direction is increased by pi (180 degrees) phase relative to the other polarization direction, birefringent crystals can be used to produce this effect, including fast and slow axis optical crystals/materials.
The deflecting layer 170 is capable of deflecting the polarization direction of the transmitted light compared to the incident light, and when the light is reflected and transmitted between the reflective polarizing layer 130 and the first reflective surface 120, the polarization direction is deflected by the deflecting layer 170 a plurality of times until the light exits from the reflective polarizing layer 130.
In the embodiment of the present invention, after the deflection layer 170 is added between the reflective polarization layer 130 and the electrode layer 121 with high reflectivity, for example, a half-wave plate, the polarization direction of light can rotate by an angle each time the light passes through the half-wave plate, and finally the polarization direction can be completely changed to the emission direction. Theoretically, if there is no electrode absorption loss, no other scattering loss, etc., there will be 2 times polarized outgoing light. Therefore, the arrangement of the deflecting layer 170 enables the light generated by the light emitting structure 110 to be emitted from the reflective polarizing layer 130 as much as possible, and even enables the light generated by the light emitting structure 110 to be emitted from the reflective polarizing layer 130 at a ratio close to 100%, so that the utilization rate of the light can be effectively improved, the light emitting efficiency can be improved, and the energy consumption can be reduced.
In the above embodiment, in the light emitting structure, the first light generated by the first light emitting layer can not only be emitted from the reflective polarizing layer for displaying, but also be used to excite the second light emitting layer to generate the second light. This is merely an example. In other embodiments of the present invention, the light emitting structure can also directly generate light for displaying.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic cross-sectional structure of another embodiment of the liquid crystal display unit of the present invention is shown.
The present embodiment is different from the previous embodiments in that, in the present embodiment, the light emitting structure 210 directly generates light for displaying.
As shown in fig. 3, in the liquid crystal display unit, the light emitting structure 210 is located between the first reflective surface 220 and the reflective polarizer layer 230. Wherein the first reflective surface 220 is a surface of the electrode layer 221 facing the reflective polarizer layer 230.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the spectrum of the light generated by the light emitting structure 210 meets the spectrum requirement of the backlight of the liquid crystal display, so that the light with the second polarization direction in the light generated by the light emitting structure 210 is modulated by the liquid crystal layer 250 after transmitting through the polarization reflective layer 230; the light modulated by the liquid crystal layer 250 exits from the exit polarizer 240 for display. Specifically, the light generated by the light emitting structure 210 is white light, for example, the light emitting structure 210 is a white LED.
It should be noted that a scattering layer 260 is further disposed between the light emitting structure 210 and the reflective polarizer layer 230. The scattering layer 260 can make the light generated by the light emitting structure 210 more uniformly distributed in the liquid crystal display unit; moreover, the scattering layer 260 is located between the light emitting structure 210 and the reflective polarization layer 230, so that the light emitting structure 210 can avoid shielding light, that is, strong scattering is not needed to compensate for the shielding of the light emitting structure 210 to light, which is beneficial to maintaining the consistency of the transmission direction of light generated by the liquid crystal display unit.
In addition, a deflection layer 270 is further disposed between the scattering layer 260 and the reflective polarizer layer 230 to improve the utilization rate of light, improve the light emitting efficiency, and reduce the power consumption.
In addition, the invention also provides a liquid crystal display module.
Referring to fig. 4, a schematic top view of a liquid crystal display module according to an embodiment of the invention is shown.
The liquid crystal display module includes: at least 2 display modules 310, wherein the display modules 310 comprise a plurality of liquid crystal display units 320, and the liquid crystal display units 320 are liquid crystal display units of the invention.
The specific technical solution of the liquid crystal display unit 320 refers to the foregoing embodiments of the liquid crystal display unit, and the details of the present invention are not repeated herein.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid crystal display module further includes: a control device 330, said control device 330 being adapted to control said plurality of display modules 310 to achieve an optimization of the image display. Specifically, the plurality of liquid crystal display units 320 in the display module 310 are connected, and the plurality of liquid crystal display units 320 in the same display module 310 are controlled by the control device 330 at the same time as a whole.
The control device 330 is connected to the at least 2 display modules 310 and adapted to control the liquid crystal layer to modulate light emitted from the reflective polarizer layer to realize image display. Specifically, the target image displayed by the liquid crystal display module can be represented as: a (x, y) ═ B (m, n) × C, where a (x, y) represents a target image finally displayed by the liquid crystal display module, B (m, n) represents modulation information of the liquid crystal layer, and C represents information of light rays emitted from the reflective polarizing layer.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the control device 330 controls the plurality of display components 310 by using Local Dimming (Local Dimming) technology. Each of the display modules 310 can independently adjust the intensity of the generated light, that is, the intensity of the light generated by the plurality of liquid crystal display units 320 in one display module 310 is uniform, and the intensity of the light generated by different display modules 310 can be independently adjusted. Through the local adjustable backlight technology, the control device 330 adjusts the brightness of the plurality of display elements according to different display conditions and power consumption, so as to effectively improve the performance of the display device.
The liquid crystal display unit 320 in the display module 310 is a liquid crystal display unit of the present invention. In the liquid crystal display unit 320 of the present invention, the light-emitting structure is located between the first reflective surface and the reflective polarization layer, and light generated by the light-emitting structure is transmitted back and forth between the first reflective surface and the reflective polarization layer, so that the consistency of the transmission direction of light transmitted from the reflective polarization layer is high, stray light is less, the coupling of light between adjacent display elements 310 is weak, and the improvement effect of the local dimming technology on image display is better.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid crystal display unit 320 further includes: a scattering layer located between the reflective polarizer layer and the light emitting structure. The scattering layer can realize the uniformity of light distribution in the range of the liquid crystal display unit 320; the optical coupling between the adjacent display elements 310 of the liquid crystal display unit 320 using the present invention is weak; therefore, the technical scheme of the invention can inhibit the light coupling between the adjacent display assemblies 310 and improve the uniformity of light distribution in the display assemblies 310, thereby further improving the effect of improving the image display by the local dimmable technology.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the display assembly 310 includes three liquid crystal display units 320. Compared with the prior art that four liquid crystal display units form one display assembly, the scheme of the invention can ensure the image display effect and greatly reduce the hardware cost.
Some lcd modules include 2500 lcd modules, each of which includes 4 lcd units, i.e., the whole lcd module includes 10000 lcd units; however, in some embodiments of the present invention, the lcd module may include 4000 display modules, each of which includes 3 lcd units, so that the lcd module includes 12000 lcd units. Compared with the 2500 display assemblies, the liquid crystal display module has the advantages that the number of the display assemblies is increased by 60%, but the number of the liquid crystal display units is increased by 20%, so that the display quality can be greatly improved, and the hardware cost is controlled.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, three liquid crystal display units 320 in the same display module 310 are arranged in a T shape. In addition, all the liquid crystal display units 320 in the display module 310 constitute a liquid crystal display array. Therefore, all the display elements 310 are closely interlaced with each other to form a liquid crystal display array. However, the triangular arrangement is only an example, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the three liquid crystal display units 420 in the same display module 410 may be arranged in an L shape (as shown in fig. 5).
In summary, the light generated by the light emitting structure propagates back and forth between the reflective polarizing layer and the first reflective surface to form resonance, and only the light with the second polarization direction can transmit through the reflective polarizing layer, so as to be projected to the liquid crystal layer and used for displaying. Therefore, the reflection polarization layer can be matched with the first reflection surface to realize the resonance of light, and can also be used as a polarizer in the liquid crystal display unit, so that the structure of the liquid crystal display unit can be effectively simplified, and the integration level of the liquid crystal display device can be further improved.
Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (16)
1. A liquid crystal display unit, comprising:
a light emitting structure adapted to generate light;
the first reflecting surface is positioned on one side of the light-emitting structure and used for reflecting light rays incident to the first reflecting surface;
the reflective polarizing layer is positioned on the other side of the light-emitting structure and is used for reflecting light rays with a first polarization direction and transmitting light rays with a second polarization direction;
the liquid crystal layer is positioned between the emergent polarization layer and the reflection polarization layer, and light rays transmitted through the reflection polarization layer are transmitted through the liquid crystal layer and then are emitted from the emergent polarization layer to realize display.
2. The liquid crystal display unit of claim 1, further comprising: a scattering layer between the first reflective surface and the reflective polarizer layer, the scattering layer adapted to deflect a portion of the transmitted light from an original direction of propagation.
3. The liquid crystal display cell of claim 1, wherein the light emitting structure comprises: the LED light source comprises a first light emitting layer and a second light emitting layer, wherein the first light emitting layer is used for generating first light, the second light emitting layer is used for generating second light, and photon energy of the first light is not equal to photon energy of the second light.
4. The liquid crystal display unit of claim 3, wherein the second light emitting layer is configured to absorb a portion of the first light to generate a second light.
5. The liquid crystal display unit according to claim 3, wherein the first light-emitting layer is a blue light-emitting layer; the second light-emitting layer is a quantum dot light-emitting layer.
6. The liquid crystal display cell of claim 3, wherein a spectrum of a mixed light formed by mixing the first light transmitted through the reflective polarizing layer and the second light transmitted through the reflective polarizing layer meets a liquid crystal display backlight spectrum requirement.
7. The liquid crystal display unit of claim 1, wherein the light emitting structure produces light having a spectrum that meets a liquid crystal display backlight spectrum requirement.
8. The liquid crystal display unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a resonant cavity is formed between the first reflective surface and the reflective polarizing layer, and a Q value of the resonant cavity is adjusted to change a spectrum of light incident to the liquid crystal layer.
9. The liquid crystal display unit of claim 1, wherein the reflective polarizing layer comprises a polarizer composed of a reflective brightness enhancement film or a highly reflective metal grid, or a polarizer formed based on photonic crystals designed with different optical forbidden bands and pass bands for different polarizations.
10. The liquid crystal display unit of claim 1, further comprising: a deflecting layer between the reflective polarizing layer and the first reflective surface, the deflecting layer adapted to change the polarization state of light transmitted through the deflecting layer compared to the polarization state of light incident on the deflecting layer.
11. The utility model provides a liquid crystal display module assembly which characterized in that includes:
at least two display modules, each comprising a plurality of liquid crystal display units, the liquid crystal display units being as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10.
12. The liquid crystal display module of claim 11, further comprising: a control device adapted to control the plurality of display elements to achieve optimization of the image display.
13. The lcd module of claim 12, wherein the control device controls the plurality of display elements using local dimming technology.
14. The liquid crystal display module of claim 11, wherein the display assembly comprises three liquid crystal display cells.
15. The liquid crystal display module of claim 14, wherein three liquid crystal display cells in a same display module are arranged in an L-shape or a T-shape.
16. The liquid crystal display module of claim 15, wherein the liquid crystal display cells in all of the display elements form a liquid crystal display array.
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