CN113309749A - Digital control type hydraulic triode - Google Patents
Digital control type hydraulic triode Download PDFInfo
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- CN113309749A CN113309749A CN202110557114.6A CN202110557114A CN113309749A CN 113309749 A CN113309749 A CN 113309749A CN 202110557114 A CN202110557114 A CN 202110557114A CN 113309749 A CN113309749 A CN 113309749A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/021—Valves for interconnecting the fluid chambers of an actuator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/027—Check valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/028—Shuttle valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/029—Counterbalance valves
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a digital control type hydraulic triode. Comprises a valve body, a one-way valve cavity and a balance valve cavity; the one-way valve cavity is internally provided with a one-way cone valve body, a cone valve core and a spring which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction, two oil ports are arranged at two ends of the one-way valve cavity, and a left oil cavity, a middle oil cavity and a right oil cavity are formed in the two ends of the one-way valve cavity; the balance valve cavity is divided into a left balance valve cavity and a right balance valve cavity, left and right valve core assemblies are respectively arranged on the left and right balance valve cavities, each left and right valve core assembly comprises a valve core and two valve core springs, and the left balance valve cavity and the right balance valve cavity are symmetrically arranged in the left balance valve cavity and the right balance valve cavity on two sides of the balance valve cavity respectively. The digital hydraulic triode has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, good reliability and insensitivity to oil temperature and cleanliness, and can effectively ensure the equivalent control or proportional control of input oil and output oil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a hydraulic element in the technical field of hydraulic control elements and systems, and particularly relates to a digital control type hydraulic triode.
Background
The hydraulic technology is a transmission and control technology which is widely applied in modern industrial technology, and has the advantages of high power density, quick system response and the like. In practical applications, in order to accurately control the position of an actuator in a system, the input or output flow of the actuator needs to be accurately controlled, a servo valve or a proportional valve needs to be arranged in the system, and the flow of the actuator in the system is accurately controlled by adjusting the opening of the servo valve or the proportional valve, rather than adjusting the rotation speed of a motor of the system. However, the servo proportional valve not only has higher cost and higher requirement on the cleanliness of oil, but also has certain limitation on the use because the throttling has larger influence on the temperature rise of the system and has certain requirement on the use environment of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a digital control type hydraulic three-stage pipe, which aims to open a hydraulic lock when input pressure and load pressure are balanced, accurately control the output flow of a system load by controlling the input flow of the system, and realize different proportion settings of input and output by processing throttling ports in a valve core into different proportions.
In order to realize the technical characteristics, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the balance valve comprises a valve body, a one-way valve cavity and a balance valve cavity, wherein the one-way valve cavity is arranged at the upper part of the valve body; the one-way valve cavity is internally provided with a one-way cone valve body, a cone valve core and a spring which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction, one end of the cone valve core is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the one-way cone valve body, the spring is arranged between the other end of the one-way cone valve body and the left end face in the one-way valve cavity, the left end and the right end of the one-way valve cavity are provided with two oil ports which are respectively a load oil port and a pressure oil port, and the oil ports are connected with a load; a check valve left oil cavity is formed between the check cone valve body and the left end face in the check valve cavity, a check valve middle oil cavity is formed in the check valve cavity between the check cone valve body and the cone valve core, a check valve right oil cavity is formed between the cone valve core and the right end face in the check valve cavity, and the check cone valve body and the inner wall of the check valve cavity are connected and communicated in a one-way mode;
the balance valve cavity is divided into a left balance valve cavity and a right balance valve cavity which are positioned on two sides, the left balance valve cavity and the right balance valve cavity are coaxially arranged, and the left balance valve cavity and the right balance valve cavity are directly communicated through coaxial through holes; a left valve core assembly is arranged in the left balance valve cavity and comprises a left valve core and two left valve core springs, and the two left valve core springs are respectively connected to two ends of the left valve core; a right valve core assembly is arranged in the right balance valve cavity and comprises a right valve core and two right valve core springs, and the two right valve core springs are respectively connected with two ends of the right valve core; the left valve core assembly and the right valve core assembly are symmetrically arranged in the left balance valve cavity and the right balance valve cavity on two sides of the balance valve cavity respectively.
The one-way cone valve body and the inner wall of the one-way valve cavity form one-way connection and conduction, and the one-way cone valve specifically comprises the following components: the inner diameter of the one-way valve cavity at the one-way cone valve body is reduced to form a step, and the diameter of the one-way cone valve body is larger than the minimum diameter of the step, so that the one-way cone valve body is pressed at the step by the pressure of a spring to form sealing fit.
The middle part of the left valve core is provided with an annular groove, a left valve core annular cavity is formed in the annular groove, a left valve core top oil cavity is formed in a left balance valve cavity on the left end face of the left valve core, a left valve core right oil cavity is formed in a left balance valve cavity on the right end face of the left valve core, a left throttling channel is formed in the left valve core, and the left valve core annular cavity is communicated with the left valve core right oil cavity through the left throttling channel;
an annular groove is formed in the middle of the right valve core, a right valve core annular cavity is formed in the annular groove, a right valve core left oil cavity is formed in a right balance valve cavity on the left end face of the right valve core, and a right valve core top oil cavity is formed in a right balance valve cavity on the right end face of the right valve core; a right throttling channel is formed in the right valve core and communicates the right valve core annular cavity with the right valve core left oil cavity;
a left balance valve cavity with a left valve cavity left oil port, a right balance valve cavity with a right valve cavity right oil port, a left balance valve cavity middle oil port, a right balance valve cavity with a right valve core top oil cavity, a left valve cavity middle oil port, a right valve core annular cavity, a right balance valve cavity middle oil port, a left valve cavity left oil port, a right valve cavity middle oil port, a right valve cavity left oil port, a pipeline outside the balance valve cavity, or an internal oil duct, arranged on the valve body 10, communicated with the right valve cavity middle oil port, a right valve cavity right oil port, a pipeline outside the balance valve cavity, or an internal oil duct, arranged on the valve body 10, communicated with the left valve cavity middle oil port; one of the right oil cavity of the left valve core and the left oil cavity of the right valve core is provided with a bottom oil port, the right oil cavity of the left valve core and the left oil cavity of the right valve core are communicated with each other through a through hole, and hydraulic oil is output together through the bottom oil ports; the annular cavity of the left valve core is communicated with the middle oil cavity of the one-way valve in the middle of the one-way valve cavity through the oil duct of the left valve body, and the annular cavity of the right valve core is communicated with the one-way valve cavity through the oil duct of the right valve body.
A left annular undercut groove and a right annular undercut groove are formed in the balance valve cavity, the left valve body oil duct is provided with the left annular undercut groove at an outlet communicated with the left balance valve cavity, and the right valve body oil duct is provided with the right annular undercut groove at an outlet communicated with the right balance valve cavity;
a left variable throttling opening of the left balance valve cavity is formed between the left annular undercut groove and the step surface of the right cavity of the left valve core annular cavity of the left valve core, and a right variable throttling opening of the right balance valve cavity is formed between the right annular undercut groove and the step surface of the left cavity of the right valve core annular cavity of the right valve core;
under a normal state, a gap is formed between the left annular undercut groove and the step surface of the right cavity of the annular cavity of the left valve core and serves as the initial size of the left variable throttling opening, and a gap is formed between the right annular undercut groove and the step surface of the left cavity of the annular cavity of the right valve core and serves as the initial size of the right variable throttling opening.
The pressure oil port is connected with a high-pressure oil source, the load oil port is connected with a load, and the bottom oil port is connected with an oil tank.
Under a normal state, the valve core of the cone valve blocks the inlet of the right valve body oil duct communicated with the one-way valve cavity; when the cone valve core moves towards the left end face close to the one-way valve cavity, a gap is just generated between the one-way cone valve body and a step in the one-way valve cavity when the cone valve core does not block the inlet of the right valve body oil duct communicated with the one-way valve cavity.
And a gap is formed between the left annular undercut groove and the step surface of the right cavity of the annular cavity of the left valve core and serves as the initial size of the left variable throttling opening, and a gap is formed between the right annular undercut groove and the step surface of the left cavity of the annular cavity of the right valve core and serves as the initial size of the right variable throttling opening.
The outer sizes of the left valve core and the right valve core are completely the same, and the valve core spring is used for ensuring that the variable throttling mouths formed by the left valve core and the right valve core and the left annular undercut groove and the right annular undercut groove are opened and equal in the initial state.
The outer sizes of the left valve core and the right valve core are completely the same, and the valve core spring is used for ensuring that the variable throttling mouths formed by the left valve core and the right valve core and the left annular undercut groove are in a micro-opening state when the left valve core and the right valve core are in an initial state.
The left annular undercut groove and the right annular undercut groove are identical in size and are the same as the left valve core and the right valve core, and the left annular undercut groove and the right annular undercut groove are symmetrically arranged in the balance valve cavity in an mirror mode.
The left spool orifice and the right spool orifice may be sized equally or in fixed proportions as desired.
The left valve core throttling hole and the right valve core throttling hole are completely the same, so that the pressure differences with the same flow rate are always the same; similarly, when the pressure difference is the same, the flow rate through the valve is always the same.
The throttle hole of the left valve core and the throttle hole of the right valve core are set to be in different proportions, so that the differential pressure at the same flow rate is in a given proportion; similarly, when the pressure difference is the same, the flow rate is in a given proportion.
The system input flow is controlled by a digital control servo motor. The pump is a fixed displacement pump, and the flow of the whole system is adjusted by controlling the rotating speed of the motor.
The output flow of the system is proportional to the input flow, and the input flow is controlled by a digital control type servo motor, so that the accurate control of the load flow is realized. Only when the input pressure equals the load pressure, there is an output. When the input pressure is less than the load pressure, no output is generated and the load is locked.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the designed hydraulic triode has simple structure, low cost, convenient installation mode and low requirements on the cleanliness of oil and temperature change.
2. The hydraulic system based on the hydraulic triode can actively control the output flow of the system by controlling the input flow.
3. No matter the hydraulic triode is output in equal quantity or in proportion, the equal quantity or proportion is guaranteed by the machined size and is hardly influenced by other external interference factors, and therefore equal quantity or proportion control is achieved more easily and more reliably.
4. The hydraulic balance system designed based on the triode is flexible to apply, and when the hydraulic balance system is used in pairs, the hydraulic actuating elements can be ensured to stably run in two directions.
5. Compared with the traditional balance valve or the proportional valve based on the overflow type, the throttling loss is small, the heat productivity is small, and therefore the energy utilization efficiency is very high.
6. When the system does not work, the load is locked, and energy is not lost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a digital control type hydraulic triode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the digitally controlled hydraulic triode according to the embodiment of the present invention in another state.
In the figure: a cone valve core 11, a one-way cone valve body 12, a right valve core 13, right valve core springs 13a and 13b, a left valve core 14, valve core springs 15a and 15b and a spring 16; the structure comprises a left valve body oil duct 30, a left annular undercut groove 31, a left valve core top oil cavity 32, a left throttling channel 33, a left valve core annular cavity 34, a left valve core right oil cavity 35, a right valve core left oil cavity 36, a right valve core annular cavity 37, a right throttling channel 38, a right valve core top oil cavity 39, a right valve body oil duct 40, a right annular undercut groove 41, a bottom oil port 42, a left valve cavity left oil port 43 and a right valve cavity right oil port 44; a check valve right oil chamber 101, a check valve middle oil chamber 102, a check valve left oil chamber 103, a pressure oil port 104 and a load oil port 105.
Detailed Description
The above and further features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following, complete description of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the described embodiments are merely some, but not all embodiments of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the structure of the digital control type hydraulic triode in the initial state is schematically illustrated, and the digital control type hydraulic triode comprises a valve body 10, a check valve cavity arranged at the upper part of the valve body 10, and a balance valve cavity arranged at the lower part of the valve body 10, wherein the check valve cavity and the balance valve cavity are independent from each other.
The one-way valve cavity is internally provided with a one-way cone valve body 12, a cone valve core 11 and a spring 16 which are sequentially arranged from left to right along the axial direction, one end of the cone valve core 11 is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the one-way cone valve body 12, the spring 16 is arranged between the other end of the one-way cone valve body 12 and the left end face in the one-way valve cavity, the left end and the right end of the one-way valve cavity are provided with two oil ports which are respectively a load oil port 105 and a pressure oil port 104, the pressure oil port 104 is an inlet of pressure oil, the load oil port 105 is an inlet of a load, the oil port 105 is connected with the load, and the load is a hydraulic execution element; a check valve left oil cavity 103 is formed between the check cone valve body 12 and the left end face in the check valve cavity, a check valve cavity middle oil cavity 102 is formed in the check valve cavity between the check cone valve body 12 and the cone valve core 11, a check valve right oil cavity 101 is formed between the cone valve core 11 and the right end face in the check valve cavity, and one-way connection and communication are formed between the check cone valve body 12 and the inner wall of the check valve cavity.
The left balance valve cavity and the right balance valve cavity are coaxially arranged, the axial direction of the left balance valve cavity/the right balance valve cavity is parallel to the axial direction of the one-way valve cavity, and the left balance valve cavity and the right balance valve cavity are directly communicated through coaxial through holes.
A left valve core assembly is arranged in the left balance valve cavity and comprises a left valve core 14 and two left valve core springs 15a and 15b, the two left valve core springs 15a and 15b are respectively connected to two ends of the left valve core 14, two ends of the left valve core 14 are respectively connected with the inner end surface of the left balance valve cavity through the respective left valve core springs 15a and 15b, the left valve core spring 15a is connected to the left end surface of the left balance valve cavity, and the left valve core spring 15b is connected to the right end surface of the left balance valve cavity; a right valve core assembly is arranged in the right balance valve cavity and comprises a right valve core 13 and two right valve core springs 13a and 13b, the two right valve core springs 13a and 13b are respectively connected with two ends of the right valve core 13, two ends of the right valve core 13 are respectively connected with the inner cavity end surface of the left balance valve cavity through one right valve core spring 13a and 13b, the right valve core spring 13a is connected with the left end surface of the right balance valve cavity, and the right valve core spring 13b is connected with the right end surface of the right balance valve cavity;
the left valve core assembly and the right valve core assembly are respectively arranged in the left balance valve cavity and the right balance valve cavity on two sides of the balance valve cavity in a left-right symmetrical mode.
One-way connection and conduction are formed between the one-way cone valve body 12 and the inner wall of the one-way valve cavity, and specifically: the inner diameter of the one-way valve cavity at the one-way cone valve body 12 is reduced to form a step, the diameter of the one-way cone valve body 12 is larger than the minimum diameter of the step, so that the one-way cone valve body 12 is pressed at the step by the pressure of the spring 16 to form sealing fit, and the contact surface between the one-way cone valve body 12 and the step can be a conical surface. The one-way cone valve body 12 moves towards the direction far away from the cone valve core 11 under the pressure of overcoming the spring 16, so that a gap is formed between the one-way cone valve body 12 and the step, and then the conduction is realized.
An annular groove is formed in the middle of the left valve core 14, a left valve core annular cavity 34 is formed in the annular groove, a left valve core top oil cavity 32 is formed in a left balance valve cavity on the left end face of the left valve core 14, a left valve core right oil cavity 35 is formed in the left balance valve cavity on the right end face of the left valve core 14, a left throttling channel 33 is formed in the right side of the left valve core 14, and the left valve core annular cavity 34 is communicated with the left valve core right oil cavity 35 through the left throttling channel 33; an annular groove is formed in the middle of the right valve core 13, a right valve core annular cavity 37 is formed in the annular groove, a right valve core left oil cavity 36 is formed in a right balance valve cavity on the left end face of the right valve core 13, and a right valve core top oil cavity 39 is formed in the right balance valve cavity on the right end face of the right valve core 13; a right throttling channel 38 is formed in the left inner part of the right valve core 13, and the right throttling channel 38 communicates the right valve core annular cavity 37 with the right valve core left oil cavity 36.
A left balance valve cavity in which the left valve core top oil cavity 32 is located is provided with a left valve cavity left oil port 43, a right balance valve cavity in which the right valve core top oil cavity 39 is located is provided with a right valve cavity right oil port 44, the middle of the left balance valve cavity in which the left valve core annular cavity 34 is located is provided with a left valve cavity middle oil port, the middle of the right balance valve cavity in which the right valve core annular cavity 37 is located is provided with a right valve cavity middle oil port, the left valve cavity left oil port 43 is communicated with the right valve cavity middle oil port through a pipeline outside the balance valve cavity, or an internal oil duct arranged in the valve body 10 is communicated with the right valve cavity middle oil port, or the right valve cavity right oil port 44 is communicated with the left valve cavity middle oil port through a pipeline outside the balance valve cavity, so that the left valve core top oil cavity 32 is communicated with the right valve core annular oil cavity 37, and the right valve core top oil cavity 39 is communicated with the left valve core annular cavity 34; one of the left valve core right oil cavity 35 and the right valve core left oil cavity 36 is provided with a bottom oil port 42, the left valve core right oil cavity 35 and the right valve core left oil cavity 36 are communicated with each other through a through hole, and hydraulic oil is output together through the bottom oil port 42; the left spool annular cavity 34 is in communication with a check valve middle oil chamber 102 in the middle of the check valve cavity via the left valve body oil passage 30, and the right spool annular cavity 37 is in communication with a check valve right oil chamber 101 of the check valve cavity via the right valve body oil passage 40.
A left annular undercut groove 31 and a right annular undercut groove 41 are formed in the balance valve cavity, the left annular undercut groove 31 is formed in an outlet of the left valve body oil duct 30 communicated with the left balance valve cavity, and the right annular undercut groove 41 is formed in an outlet of the right valve body oil duct 40 communicated with the right balance valve cavity;
a left variable throttling port of the left balance valve cavity is formed between the left annular undercut groove 31 and the step surface of the right cavity of the left valve core annular cavity 34 of the left valve core 14, and a right variable throttling port of the right balance valve cavity is formed between the right annular undercut groove 41 and the step surface of the left cavity of the right valve core annular cavity 37 of the right valve core 13;
in the initial state, that is, under the condition that the pressure of each cavity is the same and no liquid flows in the system, a gap is formed between the left annular undercut groove 31 and the step surface of the right cavity of the left valve core annular cavity 34 of the left valve core 14, and the gap is used as the initial size of the left variable throttle orifice and is in the minimum state of the left variable throttle orifice; a gap is provided between the right annular undercut groove 41 and the left chamber step surface of the right spool annular chamber 37 of the right spool 13, and the initial size of the right variable orifice is the minimum state of the right variable orifice.
The pressure port 104 is a port P and is connected to a high-pressure oil source, the load port 105 is a port E and is connected to a load, i.e., a hydraulic actuator, which may be one of the chambers of the hydraulic cylinder, and the bottom port 42 is a port T and is connected to an oil tank.
In a normal state, the cone valve core 11 blocks the right valve body oil duct 40 at an inlet communicated with the one-way valve cavity; in the process that the cone valve core 11 moves towards the left end face close to the one-way valve cavity, when the cone valve core 11 does not block the inlet of the right valve body oil duct 40 communicated with the one-way valve cavity, a gap is just generated between the one-way cone valve body 12 and the step in the one-way valve cavity.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
high-pressure oil enters the right oil cavity 101 of the check valve from a port P of the pressure oil port 104, and load pressure oil enters the left oil cavity 103 of the check valve from a port E of the load oil port 105; the pressure in the right oil cavity 101 of the one-way valve is slightly greater than the pressure in the left oil cavity 103 of the one-way valve, so that the valve core 11 of the cone valve moves towards the left end surface close to the one-way valve cavity, the valve core 11 of the cone valve moves to the position where the inlet of the right valve body oil duct 40 communicated with the one-way valve cavity is not blocked, and the one-way cone valve body 12 is separated from the step in the one-way valve cavity;
oil in the right oil chamber 101 of the one-way valve flows into the right valve core annular chamber 37 through the right valve body oil duct 40 and the right variable orifice in sequence, and the oil in the right valve core annular chamber 37 enters the left oil chamber 36 of the right valve core through the right throttling channel 38; oil in the left oil cavity 103 of the one-way valve flows into the left valve core annular cavity 34 through a gap between the one-way cone valve body 12 and a step in the one-way valve cavity, the left valve body oil passage 30 and the left variable throttling port in sequence, and the oil in the left valve core annular cavity 34 enters the left valve core right oil cavity 35 through the left throttling channel 33;
oil in the right valve core left oil cavity 36 and the left valve core right oil cavity 35 is merged through the through hole and then output to the oil tank from the bottom oil port 42, and oil discharge of the load is achieved.
When the T port of the bottom port 42 is not blocked, according to the above process, high pressure oil is input from the P port of the pressure port 104, and the present invention can realize oil discharge and oil discharge of the load port 105.
When the T port of the bottom port 42 is blocked, high pressure oil is input from the P port of the pressure port 104, and the invention can realize the oil input of the load port 105, and the oil source enters from the P port of the pressure port 104 and is output to the load from the E port of the load port 105. The method specifically comprises the following steps: oil enters the right oil chamber 101 of the check valve from the port P of the pressure oil port 104, then flows into the right valve core annular chamber 37 through the right valve body oil duct 40 and the right variable orifice in sequence, the oil in the right valve core annular chamber 37 enters the left oil chamber 36 of the right valve core through the right orifice passage 38, enters the right oil chamber 35 of the left valve core through the through hole between the left oil chamber 36 of the right valve core and the right oil chamber 35 of the left valve core, then enters the annular chamber 34 of the left valve core through the left orifice passage 33, then enters the middle oil chamber 102 of the check valve through the left variable orifice and the left valve body oil duct 30, finally enters the left oil chamber 103 of the check valve through the gap between the check cone valve body 12 and the step in the check valve chamber, and then is discharged from the port E of the load oil port 105.
Therefore, the function of the digital control type hydraulic triode is realized.
When the cone valve core 11 moves towards the left end face close to the one-way valve cavity, high-pressure oil continuously enters the right valve core annular cavity 37 through the right variable throttling opening, and the pressure in the right valve core annular cavity 37 is increased on the premise that the right variable throttling opening is not changed; meanwhile, high-pressure oil in the right valve core annular cavity 37 is communicated to the left valve core top oil cavity 32, so that the left valve core 14 moves towards the right end face of the left balance valve cavity by overcoming the elasticity of the spring 15b, and the left variable throttling opening is continuously enlarged; in the process of increasing the left variable orifice, the pressure generated by the load is unchanged; the pressure loss from the load port 105, the left valve body oil passage 30 and the left valve core annular cavity 34 is reduced, so that the pressure of the left valve core annular cavity 34 is increased; meanwhile, the left valve core annular cavity 34 is communicated with the right valve core right oil port 44 and the right valve core top oil cavity 39; therefore, the pressure of the right valve core top oil cavity 39 is increased, and the right valve core 13 is pushed to overcome the elastic force of the spring 13b to move towards the left end surface of the right balance valve cavity, so that the right variable throttle is also increased continuously; until the left and right valve cores reach the equilibrium position again.
As shown in fig. 2, at this time, the left valve core 14 and the right valve core 13 are both pushed to a position with a relatively large opening degree by the high-pressure oil, that is, the variable throttle formed by the annular undercut groove 31 and the left valve core 14, and the variable throttle formed by the annular undercut groove 41 and the right valve core 13 are in a position with a relatively maximum opening degree, so that the precise opening degree control of the hydraulic triode is realized.
In specific implementation, a single hydraulic triode of the invention is connected with one cavity of one hydraulic cylinder; when the hydraulic cylinder is used in pairs, the two hydraulic triodes are respectively connected with the two cavities of the same oil cylinder, so that the input flow of the system in two directions of the hydraulic cylinder can be accurately controlled.
As shown in fig. 1, when the input pressure oil at the input end of the system enters from the pressure oil port 104 and the pressure oil is approximately equal to the load pressure, the spool 11 of the cone valve is pushed to move left to jack the one-way cone valve body 12, so that the oil at the load end (the actuator) enters the middle oil chamber 102 of the one-way valve through the gap between the load oil port 105, the one-way cone valve body 12 and the step of the one-way valve chamber, and at this time, the pressure in the right oil chamber 101 of the one-way valve is equal to the pressure in the middle oil chamber 102 of the one-way valve.
In the initial state, the variable choke formed by the left annular undercut groove 31 and the left valve core 14 and the variable choke formed by the right annular undercut groove 41 and the right valve core 13 are in a slightly opened state, so that the oil enters the left valve core annular cavity 34 from the check valve middle oil chamber 102 through the left valve body oil passage 30, and simultaneously enters the right valve core annular oil chamber 37 from the check valve right oil chamber 101 through the right valve body oil passage 40, and in the process, the pressure is also transmitted to the corresponding oil chamber along with the oil.
And because the left and right annular undercut grooves are completely equal and arranged in mirror symmetry, the external dimensions of the left and right valve cores (including the valve core springs 15a,15b, 13a and 13b) are also completely equal and arranged in mirror symmetry, the size of the choke formed by the left valve core 14 and the left undercut groove 31 and the size of the choke formed by the right valve core 13 and the right undercut groove 41 are completely equal in an initial state, and the pressures of the two cavities in the left valve core annular cavity 34 and the right valve core annular cavity 37 are also equal at this time.
The oil in the left valve core annular cavity 34 and the right valve core annular cavity 37 respectively enters the left valve core right oil cavity 35 and the right valve core left oil cavity 36 after passing through the left valve core throttling port 33 and the right valve core throttling port 38, and then the left valve core right oil cavity 35 and the right valve core left oil cavity 36 are converged and output from the bottom oil port 42.
When the flow of the control-side inlet pressure port 104 changes, for example, the flow increases, initially the right variable orifice does not change, and the pressure in the right spool annular chamber 37 increases; meanwhile, high-pressure oil in the right valve core annular cavity 37 is communicated to the left valve core top oil cavity 32, so that the left valve core 14 moves towards the right end face of the left balance valve cavity by overcoming the elasticity of the spring 15b, and the left variable throttling opening is continuously enlarged; in the process of increasing the left variable orifice, the pressure generated by the load is unchanged; the pressure loss from the load port 105, the left valve body oil passage 30 and the left valve core annular cavity 34 is reduced, so that the pressure of the left valve core annular cavity 34 is increased; meanwhile, the left valve core annular cavity 34 is communicated with the right valve core right oil port 44 and the right valve core top oil cavity 39; therefore, the pressure of the right valve core top oil chamber 39 will increase, pushing the right valve core 13 to overcome the elastic force of the spring 13b and move to the left end surface of the right balance valve chamber, so that the right variable orifice will also increase continuously until finally the left and right valve cores will still be pushed to the mirror symmetry and equal position by the oil, and the flow of the load will also increase accordingly.
Similarly, when the flow of the pressure oil port 104 of the control end inlet is reduced, the pressure in the right spool annular chamber 37 is reduced, and the pressure in the left spool top oil chamber 32 is synchronously reduced; the right valve core can move to the right, and the left valve core can move to the left; the left valve core and the right valve core are still pushed to mirror symmetry and equal positions by oil; that is, the opening degree of two variable chokes formed by the left and right valve cores in the balance valve cavity and the left and right undercut grooves in the balance valve cavity of the valve body is always equal.
It is clear that in the above variations, when the system is operating normally, the flow input to the system and the flow output from the load are always equal, i.e. the input flow and the output flow are always equal, when the left spool internal orifice 33 and the right spool internal orifice 38 are equal in size, because the orifices are always equal in size and the pressures are equal.
When the size of the right spool internal orifice 38 is set to be a fixed proportion to the size of the left spool orifice 33, for example, when the diameter of the right spool orifice 38 is one-half of the left spool internal orifice 33, the ratio of the input flow rate and the load output flow rate at the system control end is 1:4, that is, the input and the output of the system are in proportion.
When no flow is input at the input end, the one-way cone valve body 12 is closed and locked under the action of the load, no flow exists in the hydraulic triode, and the left valve core, the right valve core and the valve core spring can recover to the initial balance position again, namely the state of the figure 1.
The response speed of the digital control type hydraulic triode is related to factors such as a valve core spring, a valve core, friction force and the like.
Therefore, the digital hydraulic triode has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, good reliability and insensitivity to oil temperature and cleanliness, and can effectively ensure the equivalent control or proportional control of input oil and output oil.
The above-mentioned embodiments are provided to further explain the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It should be understood that any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like, which come within the spirit and principle of the invention, may occur to those skilled in the art and are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A digital control type hydraulic triode is characterized in that: comprises a valve body (10), a one-way valve cavity arranged at the upper part of the valve body (10) and a balance valve cavity arranged at the lower part of the valve body (10); the check valve cavity is internally provided with a check cone valve body (12), a cone valve core (11) and a spring (16) which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction, one end of the cone valve core (11) is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the check cone valve body (12), the spring (16) is arranged between the other end of the check cone valve body (12) and the left end face in the check valve cavity, the left end and the right end of the check valve cavity are provided with two oil ports which are respectively a load oil port (105) and a pressure oil port (104), and the oil ports (105) are connected with a load; a check valve left oil cavity (103) is formed between the check cone valve body (12) and the left end face in the check valve cavity, a check valve middle oil cavity (102) is formed in the check valve cavity between the check cone valve body (12) and the cone valve core (11), a check valve right oil cavity (101) is formed between the cone valve core (11) and the right end face in the check valve cavity, and the check cone valve body (12) and the inner wall of the check valve cavity are connected and communicated in a one-way mode;
the balance valve cavity is divided into a left balance valve cavity and a right balance valve cavity which are positioned on two sides, the left balance valve cavity and the right balance valve cavity are coaxially arranged, and the left balance valve cavity and the right balance valve cavity are directly communicated through coaxial through holes; a left valve core assembly is arranged in the left balance valve cavity, the left valve core assembly comprises a left valve core (14) and two left valve core springs (15a and 15b), and the two left valve core springs (15a and 15b) are respectively connected to two ends of the left valve core (14); a right valve core assembly is arranged in the right balance valve cavity and comprises a right valve core (13) and two right valve core springs (13a and 13b), and the two right valve core springs (13a and 13b) are respectively connected with two ends of the right valve core (13); the left valve core assembly and the right valve core assembly are symmetrically arranged in the left balance valve cavity and the right balance valve cavity on two sides of the balance valve cavity respectively.
2. The digitally controlled hydraulic transistor of claim 1,
one-way connection and conduction are formed between the one-way cone valve body (12) and the inner wall of the one-way valve cavity, and the one-way cone valve specifically comprises the following steps: the inner diameter of the one-way valve cavity at the one-way cone valve body (12) is reduced to form a step, and the diameter of the one-way cone valve body (12) is larger than the minimum diameter of the step, so that the one-way cone valve body (12) is pressed and connected at the step by the pressure of the spring (16) to form sealing fit.
3. The digitally controlled hydraulic transistor of claim 1,
an annular groove is formed in the middle of the left valve core (14), a left valve core annular cavity (34) is formed in the annular groove, a left valve core top oil cavity (32) is formed in a left balance valve cavity on the left end face of the left valve core (14), a left valve core right oil cavity (35) is formed in the left balance valve cavity on the right end face of the left valve core (14), a left throttling channel (33) is formed in the left valve core (14), and the left valve core annular cavity (34) is communicated with the left valve core right oil cavity (35) through the left throttling channel (33);
an annular groove is formed in the middle of the right valve core (13), a right valve core annular cavity (37) is formed in the annular groove, a right valve core left oil cavity (36) is formed in a right balance valve cavity on the left end face of the right valve core (13), and a right valve core top oil cavity (39) is formed in the right balance valve cavity on the right end face of the right valve core (13); a right throttling channel (38) is formed in the right valve core (13), and the right throttling channel (38) is used for communicating the right valve core annular cavity (37) with the right valve core left oil cavity (36);
a left balance valve cavity in which the left valve core top oil cavity (32) is located is provided with a left valve cavity left oil port (43), a right balance valve cavity in which the right valve core top oil cavity (39) is located is provided with a right valve cavity right oil port (44), the middle of the left balance valve cavity in which the left valve core annular cavity (34) is located is provided with a left valve cavity middle oil port, the middle of the right balance valve cavity in which the right valve core annular cavity (37) is located is provided with a right valve cavity middle oil port, the left valve cavity left oil port (43) is communicated with the right valve cavity middle oil port through a pipeline outside the balance valve cavity, and the right valve cavity right oil port (44) is communicated with the left valve cavity middle oil port through a pipeline outside the balance valve cavity; one of the left valve core right oil cavity (35) and the right valve core left oil cavity (36) is provided with a bottom oil port (42), the left valve core right oil cavity (35) and the right valve core left oil cavity (36) are communicated with each other through a through hole, and hydraulic oil is output together through the bottom oil port (42); the left valve core annular cavity (34) is communicated with a one-way valve middle oil cavity (102) in the middle of the one-way valve cavity through a left valve body oil duct (30), and the right valve core annular cavity (37) is communicated with the one-way valve cavity through a right valve body oil duct (40).
4. The digitally controlled hydraulic transistor of claim 3,
a left annular undercut groove (31) and a right annular undercut groove (41) are formed in the balance valve cavity, the left annular undercut groove (31) is formed in an outlet of the left valve body oil duct (30) communicated with the left balance valve cavity, and the right annular undercut groove (41) is formed in an outlet of the right valve body oil duct (40) communicated with the right balance valve cavity;
a left variable throttling opening of a left balance valve cavity is formed between the left annular undercut groove (31) and the step surface of the right cavity of the left valve core annular cavity (34) of the left valve core (14), and a right variable throttling opening of a right balance valve cavity is formed between the right annular undercut groove (41) and the step surface of the left cavity of the right valve core annular cavity (37) of the right valve core (13);
under the normal state, a gap is formed between the left annular undercut groove (31) and the step surface of the right cavity of the left valve core annular cavity (34) of the left valve core (14) and serves as the initial size of a left variable throttling opening, and a gap is formed between the right annular undercut groove (41) and the step surface of the left cavity of the right valve core annular cavity (37) of the right valve core (13) and serves as the initial size of the right variable throttling opening.
5. The digitally controlled hydraulic transistor of claim 1,
the pressure oil port (104) is connected with a high-pressure oil source, the load oil port (105) is connected with a load, and the bottom oil port (42) is connected with an oil tank.
6. The digitally controlled hydraulic transistor of claim 1,
under a normal state, the cone valve core (11) blocks the right valve body oil duct (40) at an inlet communicated with the one-way valve cavity; in the process that the cone valve core (11) moves towards the left end face close to the one-way valve cavity, when the cone valve core (11) does not block the inlet of the right valve body oil duct (40) communicated with the one-way valve cavity, a gap is just generated between the one-way cone valve body (12) and a step in the one-way valve cavity.
7. The digitally controlled hydraulic transistor of claim 1,
a gap is formed between the left annular undercut groove (31) and the step surface of the right cavity of the left valve core annular cavity (34) of the left valve core (14) and serves as the initial size of a left variable throttling opening, and a gap is formed between the right annular undercut groove (41) and the step surface of the left cavity of the right valve core annular cavity (37) of the right valve core (13) and serves as the initial size of the right variable throttling opening.
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| CN113309749B (en) | 2022-03-11 |
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