CN113306626A - Gear box - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a gearbox, which comprises an input shaft assembly, a speed change shaft assembly in transmission connection with the input shaft assembly and a steering shaft assembly in transmission connection with the speed change shaft assembly, wherein the steering shaft assembly comprises a steering shaft, a steering gear and a hydraulic steering assembly, the steering gear and the hydraulic steering assembly are installed on the steering shaft, the steering gear is in transmission connection with an inertia shaft assembly, the inertia shaft assembly is in transmission connection with an output shaft assembly, the hydraulic steering assembly is controlled, and the rotating speed of an output shaft is changed.

Description

Gear box

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a gearbox.

Background

Agricultural machinery vehicles generally adopt a steering wheel rotating mode to achieve the purpose of turning of the machinery vehicles, the mechanical steering mode is relatively stiff, the problems of steering inflexibility and the like are easily caused, and the structure transmission assembly is more and the structure is overstaffed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a gearbox to solve the problems that a mechanical steering structure assembly is complex and steering is unstable in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a gearbox comprises an input shaft assembly, a speed change shaft assembly in transmission connection with the input shaft assembly and a steering shaft assembly in transmission connection with the speed change shaft assembly, wherein the steering shaft assembly comprises a steering shaft, a steering gear and a hydraulic steering assembly, the steering gear and the hydraulic steering assembly are mounted on the steering shaft, the steering gear is in transmission connection with an inertia shaft assembly, the inertia shaft assembly is in transmission connection with an output shaft assembly, the hydraulic steering assembly is controlled, and the rotating speed of an output shaft is changed.

Preferably, the input shaft assembly comprises an input shaft, a first gear driving gear, a second gear driving gear and a third gear driving gear, and the first gear driving gear, the second gear driving gear and the third gear driving gear are connected with the input shaft through splines and rotate synchronously.

Preferably, the speed changing shaft assembly comprises a speed changing shaft, and a first speed changing gear, a first sliding sleeve, a second speed changing gear, a transmission gear, a third speed changing gear and a second sliding sleeve which are sequentially arranged on the speed changing shaft, wherein the first speed changing gear, the second speed changing gear and the third speed changing gear are respectively connected with the speed changing shaft through needle bearings, the first speed changing gear, the second speed changing gear and the third speed changing gear are correspondingly meshed with a first driving gear, a second driving gear and a third driving gear on the input shaft assembly, the transmission gear is connected with the speed changing shaft through splines, the transmission gear is meshed with a central large gear of the steering shaft assembly, inner holes of the first sliding sleeve and the second sliding sleeve are of an internal spline structure, an outer circle of the first sliding sleeve and the second sliding sleeve are respectively arranged on an external spline of the speed changing shaft and the spline sleeve through the internal splines to shift a fork on the first sliding sleeve or the second sliding sleeve, so that the first sliding sleeve or the second sliding sleeve slides left and right on the speed changing shaft, and the first-gear speed changing gear, the second-gear speed changing gear and the third-gear speed changing gear are respectively meshed and linked with the speed changing shaft.

Preferably, the first-gear speed changing gear, the second-gear speed changing gear and the third-gear speed changing gear are of a duplicate gear structure, one side of the duplicate gear structure is a large outer-circle external gear structure, the other side of the duplicate gear structure is a small outer-circle external spline structure, the first-gear speed changing gear, the second-gear speed changing gear and the third-gear speed changing gear are correspondingly meshed with a first-gear driving gear, a second-gear driving gear and a third-gear driving gear on the input shaft assembly through the large outer-circle gear structure, and the small outer-circle external spline structures on the first-gear speed changing gear, the second-gear speed changing gear and the third-gear speed changing gear are the same as and at the same height as an external spline on the speed changing shaft and an external spline structure on the spline housing.

Preferably, the steering shaft comprises a central external spline part, a left smooth shaft part, a right smooth shaft part, a left spline part and a right spline part, the steering gear comprises a left steering gear and a right steering gear, the hydraulic steering assembly comprises a left hydraulic steering assembly and a right hydraulic steering assembly, the left hydraulic steering assembly and the right hydraulic steering assembly are installed at two ends of the steering shaft, the central external spline part is provided with a central large gear, the left smooth shaft part and the right smooth shaft part are correspondingly provided with a left spline housing and a right spline housing, the left spline housing and the right spline housing large-end external spline are correspondingly provided with a left steering gear and a right steering gear, the left steering gear and the right steering gear are correspondingly engaged with a left idle gear and a right idle gear on the inertia assembly, the left steering gear and the left steering gear are correspondingly provided with a steering clutch and a right steering clutch, and the left spline housing and the right spline housing small-end external spline are correspondingly provided with a left claw gear and a right claw gear, a left reset spring is arranged between a gap between the left spline sleeve and the left steering gear, a right reset spring is arranged between the right spline sleeve and the right steering gear, one end of the left reset spring is abutted against the inner step surface of the left steering gear, the other end of the left reset spring is abutted against the end surface of the left claw-shaped gear, one end of the right reset spring is abutted against the inner step surface of the right steering gear, the other end of the right reset spring is abutted against the end surface of the right claw-shaped gear, one side of the inner holes of the left claw-shaped gear and the right claw-shaped gear is of a tooth-embedded structure, a left tooth-embedded gear and a right tooth-embedded gear are correspondingly arranged on the left spline part and the right spline part of the steering shaft, the left tooth-embedded gear and the right tooth-embedded gear are correspondingly engaged with the left claw-shaped gear and the right claw-shaped gear through tooth embedding, a left piston in the left hydraulic steering assembly moves towards the middle direction of the steering shaft under the control, the left piston moves to push the left claw-shaped gear to move towards the middle direction of the steering shaft and correspondingly press the left steering clutch, therefore, the left steering gear is locked and pushes the left claw gear to move towards the middle direction of the steering shaft, the left claw gear is separated from the left jaw gear, the rotating speed of a left output shaft in the output shaft assembly is changed, a right piston in the right hydraulic steering assembly moves towards the middle direction of the steering shaft under the control of an oil circuit, the right piston moves to push the right claw gear to move towards the middle direction of the steering shaft and correspondingly press the right steering clutch, and therefore the right steering gear is locked and pushes the right claw gear to move towards the middle direction of the steering shaft, the right claw gear is separated from the right jaw gear, and the rotating speed of a right output shaft in the output shaft assembly is changed.

Preferably, a first left metal bushing is installed between the left smooth shaft part and the left spline housing, and a first right metal bushing is installed between the right smooth shaft part and the right spline housing.

Preferably, a left thrust bearing is arranged between a left piston and a left claw-shaped gear in the left hydraulic steering assembly, and a right thrust bearing is arranged between a right piston and a right claw-shaped gear in the right hydraulic steering assembly.

Preferably, the inert shaft assembly comprises an inert shaft and a spacer bush arranged in the middle of the inert shaft, a second left metal bushing and a second right metal bushing are respectively arranged on two sides of the spacer bush, a left idler wheel is arranged on the second left metal bushing, a right idler wheel is arranged on the second right metal bushing, the left idler wheel and the right idler wheel are of a duplicate gear structure, outer teeth at the large end of the left idler wheel are meshed with a left steering gear, outer teeth at the small end of the left idler wheel are meshed with a left output gear in the output shaft assembly, outer teeth at the large end of the right idler wheel are meshed with a right steering gear, and outer teeth at the small end of the right idler wheel are meshed with a right output gear in the output shaft assembly.

Preferably, the output shaft assembly comprises a left output gear, a left output shaft, a right output gear and a right output shaft, the left output gear is mounted at one end of the left output shaft through a spline structure, the other end of the left output shaft is connected with the left wheel, the right output gear is mounted at one end of the right output shaft through a spline structure, and the other end of the right output shaft is connected with the right wheel.

Preferably, an oil filter assembly is mounted outside the gearbox.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the transmission box provided by the application has fewer internal transmission assembly parts, and the internal structure is optimized and integrated; the rotating speed of the output shaft can be changed by controlling the hydraulic steering assembly, and specifically, the left and right hydraulic steering assemblies are controlled, so that the rotating speeds of the left and right output shafts are different, and the mechanical vehicle can stably steer through the left and right rotating speed difference.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an input shaft assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a shift shaft assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a shift shaft according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a steering shaft assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the construction of a steering shaft according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a left hydraulic steering assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the idler shaft assembly and the output shaft assembly of the present invention.

In the figure: 1 input shaft assembly, 11 input shaft, 12 first gear driving gear, 13 second gear driving gear, 14 third gear driving gear, 2 speed changing shaft assembly, 21 speed changing shaft, 211 first external spline, 212 second external spline, 213 third external spline, 22 first gear speed changing gear, 23 second gear speed changing gear, 24 third gear speed changing gear, 25 needle bearing, 26 first sliding sleeve, 27 second sliding sleeve, 28 transmission gear, 3 steering shaft assembly, 301 steering shaft, 3011 central external spline portion, 3012 left smooth shaft portion, 3013 right smooth shaft portion, 3014 left spline portion, 3015 right spline portion, 302 central large gear, 303 first left metal bushing, 304 first right metal bushing, 305 left spline housing, 306 right spline housing, 307 steering gear, 308 right steering gear, left steering clutch, 310 right steering clutch, 311 left claw gear, 312 right claw gear, 313 left jaw gear, 314 right jaw gear, 315 reset spring, 316 right return spring, 4 left hydraulic steering assembly, 41 left piston, 5 right hydraulic steering assembly, 51 right piston, 6 inert shaft assembly, 61 idle shaft, 62 second left metal bushing, 63 second right metal bushing, 64 left idle gear, 65 right idle gear, 66 spacer, 7 output shaft assembly, 71 left output gear, 72 left output shaft, 73 right output gear, 74 right output shaft, 81 left thrust bearing, 82 right thrust bearing.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-8, the present invention provides a technical solution: a gearbox comprises an input shaft assembly 1, a speed change shaft assembly 2 in transmission connection with the input shaft assembly 1 and a steering shaft assembly 3 in transmission connection with the speed change shaft assembly 2, wherein the steering shaft assembly 3 comprises a steering shaft 301, a steering gear and a hydraulic steering assembly, the steering gear is in transmission connection with an inertia shaft assembly 6, the inertia shaft assembly 6 is in transmission connection with an output shaft assembly 7, the hydraulic steering assembly is controlled to change the rotating speed of an output shaft, concretely, the steering shaft 301 comprises a central external spline part 3011, a left optical axis part 3012, a right optical axis part 3013, a left spline part 3014 and a right spline part 3015, the steering gear comprises a left steering gear 307 and a right steering gear 308, the hydraulic steering assembly comprises a left hydraulic steering assembly 4 and a right hydraulic steering assembly 5 which are consistent in structure, the left hydraulic steering assembly 4 and the right hydraulic steering assembly 5 are installed at two ends of the steering shaft 301, the central external spline part 3011 is provided with a central large gear 302, the left optical axis part 3012 and the right optical axis part 3013 are correspondingly provided with a left spline housing 305 and a right spline housing 306, the large end external splines of the left spline housing 305 and the right spline housing 306 are correspondingly provided with a left steering gear 307 and a right steering gear 308, the left steering gear 307 and the right steering gear 308 are correspondingly meshed with a left idle gear 64 and a right idle gear 65 on the inertia assembly, the left steering gear 307 and the right steering gear 308 are correspondingly provided with a left steering clutch 309 and a right steering clutch 310, the small end external splines of the left spline housing 305 and the right spline housing 306 are correspondingly provided with a left claw gear 311 and a right claw gear 312, a left return spring 315 is arranged between the gap between the left spline housing 305 and the left steering gear 307, a right return spring 316 is arranged between the right spline housing 306 and the right steering gear 308, one end of the left return spring 315 is abutted against the inner step surface of the left steering gear 307, the other end of the left return spring 315 abuts against the end face of the left claw-shaped gear 311, one end of the right return spring 316 abuts against the inner step face of the right steering gear 308, the other end of the right return spring 316 abuts against the end face of the right claw-shaped gear 312, one sides of inner holes of the left claw-shaped gear 311 and the right claw-shaped gear 312 are in a jaw structure, a left spline portion 3014 and a right spline portion 3015 of the steering shaft 301 are correspondingly provided with a left jaw gear 313 and a right jaw gear 314, the left jaw gear 313 and the right jaw gear 314 are correspondingly engaged with the left claw-shaped gear 311 and the right claw-shaped gear 312 through jaws, a left piston 41 in the left hydraulic steering assembly 4 moves towards the middle direction of the steering shaft 301 under the control of an oil circuit, the left piston 41 moves to push the left claw-shaped gear 311 towards the middle direction of the steering shaft 301 and correspondingly presses the left steering clutch 309, thereby locking the left steering gear 307 and pushing the left claw-shaped gear 311 towards the middle direction of the steering shaft 301, the left claw gear 311 is disengaged from the left cog gear 313, the rotating speed of the left output shaft 72 in the output shaft assembly 7 is changed, the right piston 51 in the right hydraulic steering assembly 5 moves towards the middle direction of the steering shaft 301 under the control of an oil circuit, the right piston 51 moves to push the right claw gear 312 to move towards the middle direction of the steering shaft 301 and correspondingly press the right steering clutch 310, so that the right steering gear 308 is locked and the right claw gear 312 is pushed to move towards the middle direction of the steering shaft 301, the right claw gear 312 is disengaged from the right cog gear 314, and the rotating speed of the right output shaft 74 in the output shaft assembly 7 is changed.

Preferably, a first left metal bushing 303 is installed between the left optical axis portion 3012 and the left spline housing 305, and a first right metal bushing 304 is installed between the right optical axis portion 3013 and the right spline housing 306, and the installation metal bushings can play a role in lubrication and transition.

Specifically, the input shaft assembly 1 comprises an input shaft 11, a first-gear driving gear 12, a second-gear driving gear 13 and a third-gear driving gear 14, wherein one section of the input shaft 11 is of an inner spline structure, the first-gear driving gear 12 is installed outside the inner spline structure, the second-gear driving gear 13 and the third-gear driving gear 14 are connected with an outer spline at the outer end of the input shaft 11 through an inner spline, power is input through an outer spline matched with the inner spline, the whole input shaft 11 is driven to rotate, and power input is achieved.

Specifically, the speed changing shaft assembly 2 comprises a speed changing shaft 21, a first speed changing gear 22, a first sliding sleeve 26, a second speed changing gear 23, a transmission gear 28, a third speed changing gear 24 and a second sliding sleeve 27 which are sequentially arranged on the speed changing shaft 21, three bearing blocks and three external spline structures are arranged on the excircle of the speed changing shaft 21, needle bearings 25 are respectively arranged on the three bearing blocks, the first speed changing gear 22, the second speed changing gear 23 and the third speed changing gear 24 are respectively connected with the speed changing shaft 21 through the needle bearings 25, the transmission gear 28 is arranged at a second external spline 212, the transmission gear 28 is connected with the second external spline 212 through an internal spline structure, the transmission gear 28 is meshed with a central large gear 302 of the steering shaft assembly 3, a spline sleeve is arranged at a third external spline 213 on the speed changing shaft 21 and connected with the third external spline 213 through an internal spline structure, the first speed changing gear 22, the second speed changing gear 23 and the third speed changing gear 24 are all dual gear structures, one side is a large outer-circle external gear structure, the other side is a small outer-circle external spline structure, the first-gear speed change gear 22, the second-gear speed change gear 23 and the third-gear speed change gear 24 are correspondingly meshed with the first-gear driving gear 12, the second-gear driving gear 13 and the third-gear driving gear 14 on the input shaft assembly 1 through the large outer-circle gear structure, and the small outer-circle external spline structures on the first-gear speed change gear 22, the second-gear speed change gear 23 and the third-gear speed change gear 24 are the same as and at the same height as the first external spline 211 on the speed change shaft 21 and the spline housing external spline structure; the inner holes of the first sliding sleeve 26 and the second sliding sleeve 27 are of an internal spline structure, the outer circle is of a fork structure, the first sliding sleeve 26 and the second sliding sleeve 27 are respectively arranged on the first external spline 211 and the spline sleeve of the variable speed shaft 21 through internal splines, the first sliding sleeve 26 and the second sliding sleeve 27 can slide left and right on the variable speed shaft 21 by shifting the fork on the first sliding sleeve 26 and the second sliding sleeve 27, and according to the variable speed requirement, the first gear variable gear 22, the second gear variable gear 23 and the third gear variable gear 24 are respectively meshed with the variable speed shaft 21 to be linked, so that the variable speed shaft 21 rotates at different speeds, and the purpose of variable speed is achieved.

Preferably, a left thrust bearing 81 is installed between the left piston 41 and the left claw-shaped gear 311 in the left hydraulic steering assembly 4, a right thrust bearing 82 is installed between the right piston 51 and the right claw-shaped gear 312 in the right hydraulic steering assembly 5, and when the left piston 41 and the right piston 51 push the left claw-shaped gear 311 and the right claw-shaped gear 312 inwards, the left thrust bearing 81 and the right thrust bearing 82 play a role in eliminating a thrust force, and ensuring that the left claw-shaped gear 311 and the right claw-shaped gear 312 move inwards.

Specifically, the idle shaft assembly 6 includes an idle shaft 61 and a spacer 66 installed in the middle of the idle shaft 61, a second left metal bushing 62 and a second right metal bushing 63 are respectively installed on two sides of the spacer 66, a left idle gear 64 is installed on the second left metal bushing 62, a right idle gear 65 is installed on the second right metal bushing 63, the left idle gear 64 and the right idle gear 65 are both in a duplicate gear structure, the large-end external teeth of the left idle gear 64 are meshed with a left steering gear 307, the small-end external teeth of the left idle gear 64 are meshed with a left output gear 71 in the output shaft assembly 7, the large-end external teeth of the right idle gear 65 are meshed with a right steering gear 308, and the small-end external teeth of the right idle gear 65 are meshed with a right output gear 73 in the output shaft assembly 7.

Specifically, the output shaft assembly 7 includes a left output gear 71, a left output shaft 72, a right output gear 73 and a right output shaft 74, the left output gear 71 is mounted at one end of the left output shaft 72 through a spline structure, the other end of the left output shaft 72 is connected with the left wheel, the right output gear 73 is mounted at one end of the right output shaft 74 through a spline structure, and the other end of the right output shaft 74 is connected with the right wheel.

Preferably, an oil filter assembly is arranged outside the gearbox, so that lubricating oil in the gearbox can be subjected to circulating filtration and cooling, the internal cleanliness of the gearbox is ensured, and the oil temperature is controlled.

The working principle is as follows: power is input through an external spline shaft matched with an internal spline of the input shaft 11 to drive the whole input shaft 11 to rotate, and a first-gear driving gear 12, a second-gear driving gear 13 and a third-gear driving gear 14 on the input shaft 11 respectively drive a first-gear speed change gear 22, a second-gear speed change gear 23 and a third-gear speed change gear 24 to rotate; at this time, the first sliding sleeve 26 on the component of the speed changing shaft 21 is simultaneously located on the first speed changing gear 22 and the first external spline 211 of the speed changing shaft 21, and the second sliding sleeve 27 is separately located on the external spline of the small end of the third speed changing gear 24, so that the first speed changing gear 22 and the speed changing shaft 21 are connected into a whole to drive the speed changing shaft 21 to rotate according to the first speed, and at this time, the second speed changing gear 23 and the third speed changing gear 24 are in a follow-up rotation state due to the existence of the needle bearing 25, and no power is transmitted to the speed changing shaft 21. The speed changing shaft 21 drives the transmission gear 28 connected with the spline to rotate through the second external spline 212, and power is transmitted to the steering shaft 301 component; the transmission gear 28 is engaged with a central large gear 302 on a steering shaft 301 part to drive the central large gear 302 to rotate, the central large gear 302 drives the steering shaft 301 to rotate through an internal spline, a left external spline and a right external spline at two ends of the steering shaft 301 drive a left jaw gear 313 and a right jaw gear 314 which are connected through an internal spline to rotate, the left jaw gear and the right jaw gear 314 are meshed with jaws of a left jaw gear 311 and a right jaw gear 312 through jaws to drive the left jaw gear 311 and the right jaw gear 312 to rotate, the left jaw gear 311 and the right jaw gear 312 drive a left spline housing 305 and a right spline housing 306 to rotate through internal splines, the left spline housing 305 and the right spline housing 306 drive a left steering gear 307 and a right steering gear 308 which are connected through internal splines to rotate through a large-end external spline, and the left steering gear 307 and the right steering gear 308 transmit power to inertia; the left steering gear 307 and the right steering gear 308 are meshed with the outer teeth at the large ends of the left idle gear 64 and the right idle gear 65 on the inert shaft part to drive the left idle gear 64 and the right idle gear 65 to rotate, the outer teeth at the small ends of the left idle gear 64 and the right idle gear 65 are meshed with the left output gear 71 and the right output gear 73 to transmit power to the left output shaft 72 and the right output shaft 74 and to the left and right mechanical wheels, and the forward movement or the backward movement of the mechanical vehicle is realized.

When the speed needs to be changed and the second-gear rotation speed motion is realized, the first sliding sleeve 26 is shifted rightwards through the first speed changing shifting fork, so that the first sliding sleeve 26 is separated from the first-gear speed changing gear 22 until the first sliding sleeve 26 is simultaneously positioned on the second-gear speed changing gear 23 and the first external spline 211 of the speed changing shaft 21, at the moment, the second sliding sleeve 27 is kept in the original position and is independently positioned on the external spline at the small end of the third-gear speed changing gear 24, so that the second-gear speed changing gear 23 and the speed changing shaft 21 are connected into a whole to drive the speed changing shaft 21 to rotate according to the second-gear rotation speed, at the moment, the first-gear speed changing gear 22 and the third-gear speed changing gear 24 are in a follow-up rotation state due to the existence of the needle bearing 25, no power is transmitted to the speed changing shaft 21, and the speed changing shaft 21 drives the transmission gear 28 connected with the splines to rotate through the second external spline 212, so that the power is sequentially transmitted.

When the speed needs to be changed and the third-gear rotating speed motion is realized, the first sliding sleeve 26 is shifted leftwards through the first speed changing shifting fork, so that the first sliding sleeve 26 is separated from the second-gear speed changing gear 23 until the first sliding sleeve 26 is independently positioned on the first external spline 211 of the speed changing shaft 21, and the second sliding sleeve 27 is shifted rightwards through the second speed changing shifting fork simultaneously until the second sliding sleeve 27 is simultaneously positioned on the third-gear speed changing gear 24 and the spline sleeve, so that the third-gear speed changing gear 24 and the speed changing shaft 21 are connected into a whole to drive the speed changing shaft 21 to rotate according to the third-gear rotating speed, at the moment, the first-gear speed changing gear 22 and the second-gear speed changing gear 23 are in a follow-up rotation state due to the existence of the needle bearing 25, no power is transmitted to the speed changing shaft 21, and the speed changing shaft 21 drives the transmission gear 28 connected with the spline to rotate through the second external spline 212, so that the power is sequentially transmitted downwards.

When the mechanical vehicle needs to turn left, the left hydraulic steering component starts to work, the left piston 41 moves inwards under the action of an oil circuit to push the left claw-shaped gear 311 to move inwards, at the moment, the left steering clutch 309 is extruded by the left claw-shaped gear 311 and is slowly locked, resistance is applied to the left steering gear 307 inside, and the rotating speed of the left steering gear 307 is reduced. The right side transmission system is not influenced, and finally, the left and right rotating speed difference is caused, and the mechanical vehicle starts to slowly rotate left; the left piston 41 continues to push the left claw-shaped gear 311 inwards, the left steering clutch 309 is further locked, resistance is increased until the jaw of the left claw-shaped gear 311 is completely separated from the left jaw gear 313, at the moment, the left transmission system completely loses power transmission, and the mechanical vehicle turns sharply to the left; after the steering is finished, the oil path is decompressed, the left piston 41 loses power and is not pushed inwards any more, at the moment, the left claw-shaped gear 311 returns to the original position under the action of the left return spring 315, and is meshed with the left jaw gear 313 again through the jaw, the left piston 41 is also pushed back to the original position in the reverse direction, the left steering clutch 309 is released again under the action of the internal spring, the left transmission system returns to normal movement, the left and right rotating speed difference of the mechanical vehicle is cancelled, and the vehicle starts to move forwards and backwards normally.

When the mechanical vehicle needs to turn right, the right hydraulic steering component starts to work, the right piston 51 moves inwards under the action of an oil circuit to push the right claw-shaped gear 312 to move inwards, and at the moment, the right steering clutch 310 is extruded by the right claw-shaped gear 312 and is slowly locked, so that resistance is applied to the inner right steering gear 308, and the rotating speed of the right steering gear 308 is reduced. The left side transmission system is not affected, a left and right rotating speed difference is finally caused, the mechanical vehicle starts to slowly rotate to the right, the right piston 51 continues to push the right claw-shaped gear 312 inwards, the right steering clutch 310 is further locked, resistance is increased until the jaw of the right claw-shaped gear 312 is completely separated from the right jaw gear 314, at the moment, the right side transmission system completely loses power transmission, and the mechanical vehicle makes a sharp turn to the right side; after the steering is finished, the oil path is decompressed, the right piston 51 loses power and is not pushed inwards any more, at the moment, the right claw-shaped gear 312 returns to the original position under the action of the right return spring 316 and is meshed with the right jaw gear 314 again through the jaw, the right piston 51 is also pushed back to the original position in the reverse direction, the right steering clutch 310 is also loosened again under the action of the internal spring, the right transmission system returns to normal movement, the left and right speed difference of the mechanical vehicle is cancelled, and the vehicle starts to move forwards and backwards normally.

The transmission box provided by the application has fewer internal transmission assembly parts, and the internal structure is optimized and integrated; through controlling left and right hydraulic steering assembly for the rotational speed of left and right output shaft is different, realizes that mechanical vehicle steadily turns to through left and right rotational speed difference.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A transmission, characterized by: the steering mechanism comprises an input shaft assembly (1), a speed change shaft assembly (2) in transmission connection with the input shaft assembly (1) and a steering shaft assembly (3) in transmission connection with the speed change shaft assembly (2), wherein the steering shaft assembly (3) comprises a steering shaft (301), a steering gear and a hydraulic steering assembly, the steering gear and the hydraulic steering assembly are installed on the steering shaft (301), the steering gear is in transmission connection with an inertia shaft assembly (6), the inertia shaft assembly (6) is in transmission connection with an output shaft assembly (7), the hydraulic steering assembly is controlled, and the rotating speed of the output shaft is changed.

2. A transmission according to claim 1, wherein: the input shaft assembly (1) comprises an input shaft (11), a first-gear driving gear (12), a second-gear driving gear (13) and a third-gear driving gear (14), wherein the first-gear driving gear (12), the second-gear driving gear (13) and the third-gear driving gear (14) are respectively connected with the input shaft (11) through splines and synchronously rotate.

3. A transmission according to claim 1, wherein: the speed change shaft assembly (2) comprises a speed change shaft (21), a first-gear speed change gear (22), a first sliding sleeve (26), a second-gear speed change gear (23), a transmission gear (28), a third-gear speed change gear (24) and a second sliding sleeve (27) which are sequentially arranged on the speed change shaft (21), the first-gear speed change gear (22), the second-gear speed change gear (23) and the third-gear speed change gear (24) are respectively connected with the speed change shaft (21) through needle bearings (25), the first-gear speed change gear (22), the second-gear speed change gear (23) and the third-gear speed change gear (24) are correspondingly meshed with a first-gear driving gear (12), a second-gear driving gear (13) and a third-gear driving gear (14) on the input shaft assembly (1), the transmission gear (28) is connected with the speed change shaft (21) through splines, and the transmission gear (28) is meshed with a central large gear (302) of the steering shaft assembly (3), first sliding sleeve (26) and second sliding sleeve (27) hole are interior spline structure, and the excircle is the fork mouth structure, first sliding sleeve (26) and second sliding sleeve (27) are installed respectively on change shaft (21) external splines and spline cover through the internal spline, stir the fork mouth on first sliding sleeve (26) or second sliding sleeve (27) for first sliding sleeve (26) or second sliding sleeve (27) slide in change shaft (21) side to side, thereby realize first gear change gear (22), second gear change gear (23) and third gear change gear (24) respectively with change shaft (21) interlock linkage.

4. A gearbox according to claim 3 wherein: the first-gear speed changing gear (22), the second-gear speed changing gear (23) and the third-gear speed changing gear (24) are of a duplicate gear structure, one side of the duplicate gear structure is a large outer-circle outer gear structure, the other side of the duplicate gear structure is a small outer-circle outer spline structure, the first-gear speed changing gear (22), the second-gear speed changing gear (23) and the third-gear speed changing gear (24) are correspondingly meshed with a first-gear driving gear (12), a second-gear driving gear (13) and a third-gear driving gear (14) on the input shaft assembly (1) through the large outer-circle gear structure, and the small outer-circle outer spline structures on the first-gear speed changing gear (22), the second-gear speed changing gear (23) and the third-gear speed changing gear (24) are identical to outer splines on the speed changing shaft (21) and outer spline structures of the spline sleeves and are located at the same height.

5. A transmission according to claim 1, wherein: the steering shaft (301) comprises a central outer spline part (3011), a left optical shaft part (3012), a right optical shaft part (3013), a left spline part (3014) and a right spline part (3015), the steering gear comprises a left steering gear (307) and a right steering gear (308), the hydraulic steering assembly comprises a left hydraulic steering assembly (4) and a right hydraulic steering assembly (5), the left hydraulic steering assembly (4) and the right hydraulic steering assembly (5) are installed at two ends of the steering shaft (301), the central outer spline part (3011) is provided with a central large gear (302), the left optical shaft part (3012) and the right optical shaft part (3013) are correspondingly provided with a left spline housing (305) and a right spline housing (306), the left spline housing (305) and the right spline housing (306) are correspondingly provided with a large-end outer spline, the left steering gear (307) and the right steering gear (308) are correspondingly engaged with a left idler pulley (64) and a right idler pulley (65) on the inertia assembly, a left steering clutch (309) and a right steering clutch (310) are correspondingly arranged on the left steering gear (307) and the right steering gear (308), a left claw-shaped gear (311) and a right claw-shaped gear (312) are correspondingly arranged at the outer spline positions of the small ends of the left spline housing (305) and the right spline housing (306), a left reset spring (315) is arranged between the gap between the left spline housing (305) and the left steering gear (307), a right reset spring (316) is arranged between the right spline housing (306) and the right steering gear (308), one end of the left reset spring (315) is propped against the inner step surface of the left steering gear (307), the other end of the left reset spring (315) is propped against the end surface of the left claw-shaped gear (311), one end of the right reset spring (316) is propped against the inner step surface of the right steering gear (308), and the other end of the right reset spring (316) is propped against the end surface of the right claw-shaped gear (312), one side of inner holes of a left claw-shaped gear (311) and a right claw-shaped gear (312) is of a jaw structure, a left jaw gear (313) and a right jaw gear (314) are correspondingly installed on a left spline part (3014) and a right spline part (3015) of a steering shaft (301), the left jaw gear (313) and the right jaw gear (314) are correspondingly meshed with the left claw-shaped gear (311) and the right jaw gear (312) through jaws respectively, a left piston (41) in a left hydraulic steering assembly (4) moves towards the middle direction of the steering shaft (301) under the control of an oil way, the left piston (41) moves to push the left claw-shaped gear (311) to move towards the middle direction of the steering shaft (301) and correspondingly presses a left steering clutch (309), so that the left steering gear (307) is locked and the left claw-shaped gear (311) is pushed to move towards the middle direction of the steering shaft (301), and the left claw-shaped gear (311) is separated from the left jaw gear (313), the rotating speed of a left output shaft (72) in an output shaft assembly (7) is changed, a right piston (51) in a right hydraulic steering assembly (5) moves towards the middle direction of a steering shaft (301) under the control of an oil circuit, the right piston (51) moves to push a right claw-shaped gear (312) to move towards the middle direction of the steering shaft (301) and correspondingly press a right steering clutch (310), so that a right steering gear (308) is locked and the right claw-shaped gear (312) is pushed to move towards the middle direction of the steering shaft (301), the right claw-shaped gear (312) is separated from a right jaw gear (314), and the rotating speed of a right output shaft (74) in the output shaft assembly (7) is changed.

6. A gearbox according to claim 5 wherein: a first left metal bushing (303) is arranged between the left smooth shaft part (3012) and the left spline sleeve (305), and a first right metal bushing (304) is arranged between the right smooth shaft part (3013) and the right spline sleeve (306).

7. A gearbox according to claim 5 wherein: a left thrust bearing (81) is arranged between a left piston (41) and a left claw-shaped gear (311) in the left hydraulic steering assembly (4), and a thrust right thrust bearing (82) is arranged between a right piston (51) and a right claw-shaped gear (312) in the right hydraulic steering assembly (5).

8. A transmission according to claim 1, wherein: the inert shaft assembly (6) comprises an inert shaft (61) and a spacer bush (66) arranged in the middle of the inert shaft (61), a second left metal bush (62) and a second right metal bush (63) are respectively arranged on two sides of the spacer bush (66), a left idle wheel (64) is arranged on the second left metal bushing (62), a right idle wheel (65) is arranged on the second right metal bushing (63), the left idle gear (64) and the right idle gear (65) are of a dual gear structure, the outer teeth at the large end of the left idle gear (64) are meshed with a left steering gear (307), the outer teeth at the small end of the left idle gear (64) are meshed with a left output gear (71) in an output shaft assembly (7), the big end external teeth of the right idle gear (65) are meshed with a right steering gear (308), the outer teeth at the small end of the right idle gear (65) are meshed with a right output gear (73) in the output shaft assembly (7).

9. A transmission according to claim 1, wherein: the output shaft assembly (7) comprises a left output gear (71), a left output shaft (72), a right output gear (73) and a right output shaft (74), the left output gear (71) is mounted at one end of the left output shaft (72) through a spline structure, the other end of the left output shaft (72) is connected with a left wheel, the right output gear (73) is mounted at one end of the right output shaft (74) through a spline structure, and the other end of the right output shaft (74) is connected with a right wheel.

10. A transmission according to claim 1, wherein: an oil filter assembly is installed outside the gearbox.

Images